分体式钢箱梁多跨斜拉桥抖振响应特征研究
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摘要
当今斜拉桥正朝着超大跨度、极度柔性方向迈进,大跨度桥梁的风致振动问题已成为在桥梁设计中必须考虑的关键问题,特别是施工期的最大悬臂状态的抗风安全。抖振是在紊流作用下的随机性强迫振动,由于其发生的频率较高,已成为桥梁抗风设计中日益重要的课题。现有的大跨桥梁的抖振响应研究成果大部分是针对单箱梁的,对于分离式钢箱梁的气动参数和抖振响应特征缺乏系统的研究,本文以嘉绍桥为工程背景,对分体式钢箱梁斜拉桥的抖振响应进行了系统的研究。
首先,叙述了现代斜拉桥的发展历程和各时期的代表作,以及我国关于斜拉桥的发展情况,并阐述了斜拉桥抗风研究的必然性和其风振响应特点；
其次,介绍通过ansys有限元软件对桥梁结构进行动力特性分析的方法和模型模拟的单元选取,对分体式钢箱梁斜拉桥的结构动力特性进行了分析；
然后,回顾了抖振分析的常用方法,介绍了频域分析中的三个代表性理论：Davenport随机抖振理论、Scanlan颤抖振理论、Y.K.Lin理论,并叙述了频域和时域法的分析过程。并重点介绍了利用随机振动理论,通过全桥气弹模型试验获取抖振位移响应和关键断面抖振力的方法和过程。
最后,以嘉绍大桥这种分体式钢箱梁独塔柱多跨斜拉桥为工程背景,通过节段模型风洞试验,测得分体式钢箱梁的气动参数,算出其静风内力,然后利用全桥气动弹性模型试验,根据试验得出的位移响应,推算出成桥和施工阶段的内力响应,特别是成桥和施工阶段的支座反力,为类似桥梁抗风支座的设计提供了依据。
The development of modern super-large and flexible bridges has resulted in the wind-induced vibrations, which have become some important problems of great concern during the design of long-span bridges. Especially, the safety of bridges in the double-cantilever stage with wind load becomes very significant. Buffeting is defined as the unsteady loading of a structure by velocity fluctuations in the oncoming flow. Because it occurs very frequently, buffeting analysis has become an important part of wind-induced vibration research. Most existing studies on buffeting response of long-span bridges are mostly about to the single-box girder, the aerodynamic parameters and the buffeting response of multi-span bridges are lacking in systematic studies. Take the Jia-shao Bridge as engineering background, this paper have studied on the buffeting response of multi-span separated steel box girder cable-stayed bridges.
Firstly, this paper introduces the development of modern cable-stayed bridges and masterpieces at different times in the world, especially in our country, and then it elaborates the necessity of wind resistance and characteristics of wind-induced vibration.
Secondly, the dynamic characteristic of multi-span separated steel box girder cable-stayed bridges was analyzed. After introducing the method of dynamic characteristics analysis based on finite element method software (ANSYS), and element choice of modal imitation.
Thirdly, retrospect common methods of buffeting analysis, and introduces three typical theories of frequency domain analysis, such as Davenport Random buffeting theory, Scanlan flutter-buffeting theory, Y.K. Lin theory. This paper states the analysis process of frequency domain and time domain, and focuses on using the theory of random vibration. It obtains a process and a method that can analyze the buffeting displacement response and the buffeting force of key sections through tests on models of the full bridge.
Lastly, take the Jia-shao Bridge, which is multi-span separated steel box girder cable-stayed bridge, as engineering background, via tests of section models, this paper measures the aerodynamic parameters of separated steel box girder and then gets the static wind forces. Then it tests of the full bridges. By analyzing the experimental data which is about displacement response, this paper gets the forces of bridges with wind load in the completed stage and the construction stage, especially gets support reaction. It provides the evidence from experience for the design of supports with wind load of similar bridges.
首先,叙述了现代斜拉桥的发展历程和各时期的代表作,以及我国关于斜拉桥的发展情况,并阐述了斜拉桥抗风研究的必然性和其风振响应特点；
其次,介绍通过ansys有限元软件对桥梁结构进行动力特性分析的方法和模型模拟的单元选取,对分体式钢箱梁斜拉桥的结构动力特性进行了分析；
然后,回顾了抖振分析的常用方法,介绍了频域分析中的三个代表性理论：Davenport随机抖振理论、Scanlan颤抖振理论、Y.K.Lin理论,并叙述了频域和时域法的分析过程。并重点介绍了利用随机振动理论,通过全桥气弹模型试验获取抖振位移响应和关键断面抖振力的方法和过程。
最后,以嘉绍大桥这种分体式钢箱梁独塔柱多跨斜拉桥为工程背景,通过节段模型风洞试验,测得分体式钢箱梁的气动参数,算出其静风内力,然后利用全桥气动弹性模型试验,根据试验得出的位移响应,推算出成桥和施工阶段的内力响应,特别是成桥和施工阶段的支座反力,为类似桥梁抗风支座的设计提供了依据。
The development of modern super-large and flexible bridges has resulted in the wind-induced vibrations, which have become some important problems of great concern during the design of long-span bridges. Especially, the safety of bridges in the double-cantilever stage with wind load becomes very significant. Buffeting is defined as the unsteady loading of a structure by velocity fluctuations in the oncoming flow. Because it occurs very frequently, buffeting analysis has become an important part of wind-induced vibration research. Most existing studies on buffeting response of long-span bridges are mostly about to the single-box girder, the aerodynamic parameters and the buffeting response of multi-span bridges are lacking in systematic studies. Take the Jia-shao Bridge as engineering background, this paper have studied on the buffeting response of multi-span separated steel box girder cable-stayed bridges.
Firstly, this paper introduces the development of modern cable-stayed bridges and masterpieces at different times in the world, especially in our country, and then it elaborates the necessity of wind resistance and characteristics of wind-induced vibration.
Secondly, the dynamic characteristic of multi-span separated steel box girder cable-stayed bridges was analyzed. After introducing the method of dynamic characteristics analysis based on finite element method software (ANSYS), and element choice of modal imitation.
Thirdly, retrospect common methods of buffeting analysis, and introduces three typical theories of frequency domain analysis, such as Davenport Random buffeting theory, Scanlan flutter-buffeting theory, Y.K. Lin theory. This paper states the analysis process of frequency domain and time domain, and focuses on using the theory of random vibration. It obtains a process and a method that can analyze the buffeting displacement response and the buffeting force of key sections through tests on models of the full bridge.
Lastly, take the Jia-shao Bridge, which is multi-span separated steel box girder cable-stayed bridge, as engineering background, via tests of section models, this paper measures the aerodynamic parameters of separated steel box girder and then gets the static wind forces. Then it tests of the full bridges. By analyzing the experimental data which is about displacement response, this paper gets the forces of bridges with wind load in the completed stage and the construction stage, especially gets support reaction. It provides the evidence from experience for the design of supports with wind load of similar bridges.
引文
[1]胡晓伦.大跨度斜拉桥颤抖振响应及静风稳定性分析.同济大学博士学位论文.2006
[2]中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程分会.面向创新的中国现代桥梁.人民交通出版社,2009.4
[3]李鹏飞.脉动风特性及其对桥梁主梁断面的抖振作用研究.同济大学硕士论文.2007.3
[4]陈政清.桥梁风工程.人民交通出版社,2005.5
[5]A. G. Davenport. Buffeting of a suspension bridge by storm wind. J. Struct. Div., ASCE,1962,88(3): 233-268
[6]A. G. Davenport. The response of slender, line-like structures to a gusty wind. Proc. Inst. Civ. Engrg., 1962
[7]E. Simiu, R. H. Scanlan. Wind effects on structures-an introduction to wind engineering. Third Edition, 1996
[8]郑史雄.桥梁结构抗震抗风设计.西南交通大学土木工程学院
[9]李国豪.桥梁结构稳定与振动.中国铁道出版社,2010.3
[10]于永帅.钢桁架悬索桥抖振响应及其影响参数分析.湖南大学硕士学位论文.2011.5
[11]项海帆,葛耀军,朱乐东等.现代桥梁抗风理论与实践.人民交通出版社,2005.11
[12]王新敏ANSYS工程结构数值分析.人民交通出版社,2010.3
[13]葛俊颖,王立友.基于ANSYS的桥梁结构分析.中国铁道出版社,2007.8
[14]马存明.流线箱型桥梁断面三维气动导纳研究.西南交通大学博士学位论文.2007.1
[15]姚伟.大跨度公铁两用斜拉桥风致抖振时域分析.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2011
[16]项海帆.高等桥梁结构理论.人民交通出版社,2001
[17]A. G. Davenport. The applieation of statistical concepts to the wind loading of structures. Proc. ICE, 1961,19(2):449-472
[18]R. H. Scanlan. The action of flexible bridges under wind:II.buffeting theory. J. Sound and Vibration, 1978,60(2):201-211
[19]R. H. Scanlan, N. P. Jones. Aeroelastic analysis of cable-stayed bridges. J. of Structure Engineering, ASCE, Vol.116(2),1990:279-297
[20]R. H. Scanlan, R. H. Gade. Motion of suspended bridge spans under gusty wind. J. Struct. Div., ASCE. 1977:1867-1883
[21]Y. K. Lin. Motion of suspension bridges in turbulent wind. J. Engineering Meeh. Div., ASCE,1979, 100(4)
[22]Y. K. Lin., S. T. Ariaratnam. Stability of bridge motion in turbulent winds. J. Struet. Mech.1980,8(1): 1-15
[23]Y. K. Lin., J. N. Yang. Multimode bridge response to wind excitations.J.Engrg. Meeh., ASCE.1983, 109(2):586-603
[24]Y. K. Lin., C. G. Bucher. Effects of wind turbulence on motion stability of long span bridges. J. Wind Engrg.Indust.Aerodyn.1990,36(2)
[25]马存明,廖海黎,李明水等.基于三维气动导纳的大跨桥梁抖振分析.公路交通科技,2011,28(2)
[26]A. G. Davenport. The action of wind on suspension bridges.Proc., Int. Symp. On Suspension Bridges, 1966
[27]R. H. Scanlan, N. P. Jones. A form of aerodynamic admittance for use in bridge aeroelastic analysis. Journal of Fluids and Structures, Vol.13,1999:1017-1027
[28]R. H. Scanlan. On flutter and buffeting mechanisms in long-span bridges. Prob. Engrg. Mech.,1988, 3(1):22-27
[29]R. H. Scanlan. Role of indicial functions in buffeting analysis of bridges. J. Structure Engineering, ASCE,Vol.110(7),1984
[30]R. H. Scanlan. Bridge deck aeroelastic admittance revisted. Journal of bridge Engineering, Vol.5(1): 1-7
[31]A. Jain, N. P. Jones, R. H. Scanlan. Coupled flutter and buffeting analysis of long-span bridges. Journal of Struct.Engrg., ASCE, Vol.122(7),1996:716-725
[32]H. Katsuchi, N. P. Jones, R. H. Scanlan, H. Akiyama. A study of mode coupling in flutter and buffeting of the Akashi-Kaikyo bridge.J.Struct.Mech.And Earthquake Engrg., JSCE,1998, Vol.15(2)
[33]H. Katsuchi, N. P. Jones, R. H. Scanlan. Multimode coupled flutter and buffeting analysis of the Akashi-Kaikyo bridge.Journal of Struct.Engrg., ASCE,1999, Vol.125(1):60-70
[34]刘春华,项海帆,欧明.大跨度桥梁抖振响应的空间非线性时程分析法.同济大学学报,1996,24(4)：380-385
[35]项海帆,刘春华.大跨度桥梁耦合抖振响应的时域分析.同济大学学报,1994,22(4)：451-456
[36]谭学民.大跨度斜拉桥风致振动时域分析.广州：华南理工大学,1999
[37]曾甲华.大跨度悬索桥非线性抖振响应时域分析.西南交通大学硕士论文,2009.5
[38]陈伟.大跨度桥梁抖振反应谱研究.同济大学博士学位论文.1993
[39]刘高,朱乐东,项海帆.大跨度悬索桥抖振内力响应分析.计算力学学报,2010,27(5)
[40]骆宁安.大跨度开口主梁斜拉桥的动力模型及风振分析.华南理工大学硕士学位论文.2004
[41]曾宪武.大跨度桥梁多模态耦合颤抖振及其控制研究.华南理工大学硕士学位论文.2006
[42]李永乐等.大跨度斜拉桥三维脉动风场模拟.土木工程学报.36(10),60-64.
[43]苏成,韩大建,颜全胜等.大跨度桥梁风场模拟及气动力计算.华南理工大学学报,1999,27(11)：36-43
[44]M. D. Paola. Digital simulation of wind field velocity. J. Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1998:91-109
[45]Y. Li, A. Kareem. Simulation of multivariate random processes:hybrid DFT and digital filtering approach.J.Engineering Mechanics, Vol.119(3),1993:1078-1098
[46]丁泉顺.大跨度桥梁耦合颤抖振响应的精细化分析.同济大学博士学位论文.2001.8
[47]R.克拉夫,J.彭津.结构动力学.王光远等译.高等教育出版社,2006.11
[48]甘幼琛.随机振动的基本理论与应用.湖南科学技术出版社,1982
[49]陈小锋.含随机结构参数大跨度桥梁抖振动力可靠度研究.华南理工大学硕十学位论文.2010.5
[50]李裕奇.随机过程.国防工业出版社,2003
[51]李敏娜.多塔斜拉桥抖振及风载内力分析.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2010
[52]周继.大跨度悬索桥成桥状态颤振分析.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2011
[53]《公路桥梁抗风设计规范》编写组.公路桥梁抗风设计规范.人民交通出版社,2004
[54]马存明,陈勉,王玉柱等.双斜塔钢箱梁斜拉桥抗风性能试验研究.广西大学学报,2011,36(4)
[55]西南交通大学风T程试验研究中心.嘉绍大桥施工图设计阶段抗风性能试验研究—结构动力特性分析及主梁节段模型风洞试验研究,2009
[56]西南交通大学风工程试验研究中心.嘉绍大桥施工图设计阶段抗风性能试验研究—嘉绍大桥全桥气动弹性模型风洞试验研究,2009
[57]向渊.悬索桥钢箱梁临时连接件风致疲劳分析.西南交通大学硕十学位论文.2009
[2]中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程分会.面向创新的中国现代桥梁.人民交通出版社,2009.4
[3]李鹏飞.脉动风特性及其对桥梁主梁断面的抖振作用研究.同济大学硕士论文.2007.3
[4]陈政清.桥梁风工程.人民交通出版社,2005.5
[5]A. G. Davenport. Buffeting of a suspension bridge by storm wind. J. Struct. Div., ASCE,1962,88(3): 233-268
[6]A. G. Davenport. The response of slender, line-like structures to a gusty wind. Proc. Inst. Civ. Engrg., 1962
[7]E. Simiu, R. H. Scanlan. Wind effects on structures-an introduction to wind engineering. Third Edition, 1996
[8]郑史雄.桥梁结构抗震抗风设计.西南交通大学土木工程学院
[9]李国豪.桥梁结构稳定与振动.中国铁道出版社,2010.3
[10]于永帅.钢桁架悬索桥抖振响应及其影响参数分析.湖南大学硕士学位论文.2011.5
[11]项海帆,葛耀军,朱乐东等.现代桥梁抗风理论与实践.人民交通出版社,2005.11
[12]王新敏ANSYS工程结构数值分析.人民交通出版社,2010.3
[13]葛俊颖,王立友.基于ANSYS的桥梁结构分析.中国铁道出版社,2007.8
[14]马存明.流线箱型桥梁断面三维气动导纳研究.西南交通大学博士学位论文.2007.1
[15]姚伟.大跨度公铁两用斜拉桥风致抖振时域分析.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2011
[16]项海帆.高等桥梁结构理论.人民交通出版社,2001
[17]A. G. Davenport. The applieation of statistical concepts to the wind loading of structures. Proc. ICE, 1961,19(2):449-472
[18]R. H. Scanlan. The action of flexible bridges under wind:II.buffeting theory. J. Sound and Vibration, 1978,60(2):201-211
[19]R. H. Scanlan, N. P. Jones. Aeroelastic analysis of cable-stayed bridges. J. of Structure Engineering, ASCE, Vol.116(2),1990:279-297
[20]R. H. Scanlan, R. H. Gade. Motion of suspended bridge spans under gusty wind. J. Struct. Div., ASCE. 1977:1867-1883
[21]Y. K. Lin. Motion of suspension bridges in turbulent wind. J. Engineering Meeh. Div., ASCE,1979, 100(4)
[22]Y. K. Lin., S. T. Ariaratnam. Stability of bridge motion in turbulent winds. J. Struet. Mech.1980,8(1): 1-15
[23]Y. K. Lin., J. N. Yang. Multimode bridge response to wind excitations.J.Engrg. Meeh., ASCE.1983, 109(2):586-603
[24]Y. K. Lin., C. G. Bucher. Effects of wind turbulence on motion stability of long span bridges. J. Wind Engrg.Indust.Aerodyn.1990,36(2)
[25]马存明,廖海黎,李明水等.基于三维气动导纳的大跨桥梁抖振分析.公路交通科技,2011,28(2)
[26]A. G. Davenport. The action of wind on suspension bridges.Proc., Int. Symp. On Suspension Bridges, 1966
[27]R. H. Scanlan, N. P. Jones. A form of aerodynamic admittance for use in bridge aeroelastic analysis. Journal of Fluids and Structures, Vol.13,1999:1017-1027
[28]R. H. Scanlan. On flutter and buffeting mechanisms in long-span bridges. Prob. Engrg. Mech.,1988, 3(1):22-27
[29]R. H. Scanlan. Role of indicial functions in buffeting analysis of bridges. J. Structure Engineering, ASCE,Vol.110(7),1984
[30]R. H. Scanlan. Bridge deck aeroelastic admittance revisted. Journal of bridge Engineering, Vol.5(1): 1-7
[31]A. Jain, N. P. Jones, R. H. Scanlan. Coupled flutter and buffeting analysis of long-span bridges. Journal of Struct.Engrg., ASCE, Vol.122(7),1996:716-725
[32]H. Katsuchi, N. P. Jones, R. H. Scanlan, H. Akiyama. A study of mode coupling in flutter and buffeting of the Akashi-Kaikyo bridge.J.Struct.Mech.And Earthquake Engrg., JSCE,1998, Vol.15(2)
[33]H. Katsuchi, N. P. Jones, R. H. Scanlan. Multimode coupled flutter and buffeting analysis of the Akashi-Kaikyo bridge.Journal of Struct.Engrg., ASCE,1999, Vol.125(1):60-70
[34]刘春华,项海帆,欧明.大跨度桥梁抖振响应的空间非线性时程分析法.同济大学学报,1996,24(4)：380-385
[35]项海帆,刘春华.大跨度桥梁耦合抖振响应的时域分析.同济大学学报,1994,22(4)：451-456
[36]谭学民.大跨度斜拉桥风致振动时域分析.广州：华南理工大学,1999
[37]曾甲华.大跨度悬索桥非线性抖振响应时域分析.西南交通大学硕士论文,2009.5
[38]陈伟.大跨度桥梁抖振反应谱研究.同济大学博士学位论文.1993
[39]刘高,朱乐东,项海帆.大跨度悬索桥抖振内力响应分析.计算力学学报,2010,27(5)
[40]骆宁安.大跨度开口主梁斜拉桥的动力模型及风振分析.华南理工大学硕士学位论文.2004
[41]曾宪武.大跨度桥梁多模态耦合颤抖振及其控制研究.华南理工大学硕士学位论文.2006
[42]李永乐等.大跨度斜拉桥三维脉动风场模拟.土木工程学报.36(10),60-64.
[43]苏成,韩大建,颜全胜等.大跨度桥梁风场模拟及气动力计算.华南理工大学学报,1999,27(11)：36-43
[44]M. D. Paola. Digital simulation of wind field velocity. J. Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1998:91-109
[45]Y. Li, A. Kareem. Simulation of multivariate random processes:hybrid DFT and digital filtering approach.J.Engineering Mechanics, Vol.119(3),1993:1078-1098
[46]丁泉顺.大跨度桥梁耦合颤抖振响应的精细化分析.同济大学博士学位论文.2001.8
[47]R.克拉夫,J.彭津.结构动力学.王光远等译.高等教育出版社,2006.11
[48]甘幼琛.随机振动的基本理论与应用.湖南科学技术出版社,1982
[49]陈小锋.含随机结构参数大跨度桥梁抖振动力可靠度研究.华南理工大学硕十学位论文.2010.5
[50]李裕奇.随机过程.国防工业出版社,2003
[51]李敏娜.多塔斜拉桥抖振及风载内力分析.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2010
[52]周继.大跨度悬索桥成桥状态颤振分析.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2011
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