破断岩体裂隙的流体流动特性研究
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摘要
本文针对采动条件下破断岩体裂隙几何结构特征对流体流动行为的影响机制和规律等问题,从自然粗糙的单裂隙中流体流动特性这一基本问题入手,提出了粗糙单裂隙的多平行板等效模型及适用条件,推导了粗糙裂隙等效隙宽的表示方法,借此能将粗糙裂隙等效简化为平行板。通过该等效模型分析了裂隙粗糙形态影响自然粗糙裂隙中流体流动行为的作用机制和规律,表明：裂隙粗糙引起的过量水压降损耗使得粗糙裂隙中流体流动规律偏离平行板理论；隙宽的收缩和雷诺数过大是产生过量水压降损耗的主因,并由此进一步修正了等效模型。在此基础上,通过将粗糙单裂隙等效为平行板来构建裂隙网络,研究了裂隙间的联接方式对裂隙网络流体流动行为的影响,主要的五种联接方式的流体流动行为均可采用平行板理论来近似,其中裂隙串行联接及十字交叉联接的过量水压降损耗相对略大。作为对该问题的进一步深入,通过CT扫描构建三维粗糙裂隙的数值模型,探讨了粗糙及接触作用下的三维裂隙流体流动行为。
Rock fractures are affected by mining. Its structure influences the fluid flow behavior of fractured rock. We propose a series-parallel equivalent model to describe the fluid flow in single rough rock fracture and define the applicable conditions. By use of this model, the parallel plates theory analysis of rough fracture flow yields the expression of aperture for laminar flow, as a weighted harmonic mean of cubed apertures of local fracture segments with parallel walls.And the excess loss of pressure drop caused by varied aperture in facture generates deviation from the cubic law, as the effect mechanism of roughness on fracture fluid flow, its influence factor and change rule are gotten. Used the excess loss factor of pressure drop, series-parallel model is modified. Based on that, the influence of fractures connection ways on fluid flow in fracture network is investigated. We found the cubic law can give a nice approximation of flow for the main5connection modes, and the series connection and'X'cross connection would come out a slightly larger loss of excess pressure drop. As a further study of fluid flow in fractured rock, a3D model of fracture is build by means of CT images of fracture, and in which flow simulation is carried out to analyse the influence of roughn and contact on flow behavior.
Rock fractures are affected by mining. Its structure influences the fluid flow behavior of fractured rock. We propose a series-parallel equivalent model to describe the fluid flow in single rough rock fracture and define the applicable conditions. By use of this model, the parallel plates theory analysis of rough fracture flow yields the expression of aperture for laminar flow, as a weighted harmonic mean of cubed apertures of local fracture segments with parallel walls.And the excess loss of pressure drop caused by varied aperture in facture generates deviation from the cubic law, as the effect mechanism of roughness on fracture fluid flow, its influence factor and change rule are gotten. Used the excess loss factor of pressure drop, series-parallel model is modified. Based on that, the influence of fractures connection ways on fluid flow in fracture network is investigated. We found the cubic law can give a nice approximation of flow for the main5connection modes, and the series connection and'X'cross connection would come out a slightly larger loss of excess pressure drop. As a further study of fluid flow in fractured rock, a3D model of fracture is build by means of CT images of fracture, and in which flow simulation is carried out to analyse the influence of roughn and contact on flow behavior.
引文
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