三维电极生物膜反应器脱除低C/N值废水中硝酸盐氮和COD
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摘要
本文用自行设计的三维电极-生物膜反应器引入到低C/N比的废水中进行反硝化的试验研究,分别对城市污水二级生化系统的模拟出水进行了深度脱氮研究,以及对硝酸盐氮负荷较高的废水进行脱氮研究。研究结果表明:
利用三维电极-生物膜反应器对城市污水二级生化系统的模拟出水进行深度脱氮,在常温(20±1℃)条件下,进水中硝酸盐氮为40mg/L,COD为100mg/L时,为避免氢抑制现象的产生,反应器存在一个最佳工作电流20mA,反应器最大电流效率可达1003%;硝酸盐氮的去除速率随着硝酸盐氮负荷的增加,变化不大,电流和碳源是这个体系反硝化脱氮的主要控制因素;与单纯生物膜法相比,电极-生物膜法能显著提高反硝化脱氮效果,是单纯生物膜法的4.5倍,能够显著地缓解低C/N废水生物脱氮过程中碳源不足的矛盾;用自制的反应器处理1m3的模拟废水(含硝酸盐氮30mg/L,COD100mg/L),反应器对硝酸盐氮的去除率可达90%,反应器仅需要0.05KW·h的电能。因此,电极-生物膜污水处理装置具有低能耗的优点。
将复极性三维电极生物膜反应器改进为单极性三维电极生物膜反应器,即在阳极石墨棒周围包裹筛绢,经改进后的反应器对硝酸盐氮负荷较高的废水脱氮效果明显提高,对硝酸盐氮的去除率为85%左右,约是改进前的2.4倍。
总之,三维电极-生物膜反应器废水中的微生物能够同时利用有机物和电解产生的氢气进行反硝化,在低耗高效脱氮的同时,使COD也得到降解。它将是低C/N废水脱氮的一种很有潜力的工艺。
The experiments using low C/N ratio wastewater containing nitrate were carried out to investigate the denitrification performances of a self-made three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor. A synthetic secondary effluent containing nitrate and organic materials and high NO3--N concentration sewage were studied in this thesis. The results obtained in this study are described as follow.
The advanced denitrification and organic materials removal performances were studied by the self-made three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor using a synthetic secondary effluent. An inhibition effect was observed. The optimum current was 20mA for the synthetic polluted water containing 40mg/L NO3--N and 100mg/L COD, and the peak current efficiency was up to 1003%. It was found that the denitrification rate was irrelevant to the concentration of NO3--N but influenced by the current and organic carbon source. The nitrate removal efficiency of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor was 4.5 times higher than that of the biofilm reacor. So, in some way, it could solve the problem of lack of carbon source. When the nitrate removal efficiency was about 90%, the reactor only consumed 0.05KW·h power for the sewage containing 30mg/L NO3--N and 100mg/L COD. Accordingly, the reactor was operated well under low energy- consumption.
For high NO3--N concentration sewage, the bipolar three-dimensional electrode was reformed to a monopolar three-dimensional electrode, on which the nitrate removal efficiency was about 85%, about 2.4 times higher than that on the bipolar three- dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor.
In conclusion, the microorganism in the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor could denitrify by simultaneously utilizing the organic materials and hydrogen gas from the electrolysis of water. Meanwhile, COD could be removed effectively. The reactor was operated well under low energy-consumption. It would be a promising technique for low C/N ratio wastewater treatment.
利用三维电极-生物膜反应器对城市污水二级生化系统的模拟出水进行深度脱氮,在常温(20±1℃)条件下,进水中硝酸盐氮为40mg/L,COD为100mg/L时,为避免氢抑制现象的产生,反应器存在一个最佳工作电流20mA,反应器最大电流效率可达1003%;硝酸盐氮的去除速率随着硝酸盐氮负荷的增加,变化不大,电流和碳源是这个体系反硝化脱氮的主要控制因素;与单纯生物膜法相比,电极-生物膜法能显著提高反硝化脱氮效果,是单纯生物膜法的4.5倍,能够显著地缓解低C/N废水生物脱氮过程中碳源不足的矛盾;用自制的反应器处理1m3的模拟废水(含硝酸盐氮30mg/L,COD100mg/L),反应器对硝酸盐氮的去除率可达90%,反应器仅需要0.05KW·h的电能。因此,电极-生物膜污水处理装置具有低能耗的优点。
将复极性三维电极生物膜反应器改进为单极性三维电极生物膜反应器,即在阳极石墨棒周围包裹筛绢,经改进后的反应器对硝酸盐氮负荷较高的废水脱氮效果明显提高,对硝酸盐氮的去除率为85%左右,约是改进前的2.4倍。
总之,三维电极-生物膜反应器废水中的微生物能够同时利用有机物和电解产生的氢气进行反硝化,在低耗高效脱氮的同时,使COD也得到降解。它将是低C/N废水脱氮的一种很有潜力的工艺。
The experiments using low C/N ratio wastewater containing nitrate were carried out to investigate the denitrification performances of a self-made three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor. A synthetic secondary effluent containing nitrate and organic materials and high NO3--N concentration sewage were studied in this thesis. The results obtained in this study are described as follow.
The advanced denitrification and organic materials removal performances were studied by the self-made three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor using a synthetic secondary effluent. An inhibition effect was observed. The optimum current was 20mA for the synthetic polluted water containing 40mg/L NO3--N and 100mg/L COD, and the peak current efficiency was up to 1003%. It was found that the denitrification rate was irrelevant to the concentration of NO3--N but influenced by the current and organic carbon source. The nitrate removal efficiency of the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor was 4.5 times higher than that of the biofilm reacor. So, in some way, it could solve the problem of lack of carbon source. When the nitrate removal efficiency was about 90%, the reactor only consumed 0.05KW·h power for the sewage containing 30mg/L NO3--N and 100mg/L COD. Accordingly, the reactor was operated well under low energy- consumption.
For high NO3--N concentration sewage, the bipolar three-dimensional electrode was reformed to a monopolar three-dimensional electrode, on which the nitrate removal efficiency was about 85%, about 2.4 times higher than that on the bipolar three- dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor.
In conclusion, the microorganism in the three-dimensional electrode-biofilm reactor could denitrify by simultaneously utilizing the organic materials and hydrogen gas from the electrolysis of water. Meanwhile, COD could be removed effectively. The reactor was operated well under low energy-consumption. It would be a promising technique for low C/N ratio wastewater treatment.
引文
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