基于对抗交叉DEA模型的物流企业管理效果评价
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摘要
随着全球经济一体化的快速发展,我国物流企业面临着越来越激烈的市场竞争,而有效管理作为物流企业赢得竞争优势的主要途径已成为业界共识。由此引起的对物流企业管理效果的评价也成为了学术界和企业界普遍关注的问题。然而在物流企业运作实践中,物流管理水平的发挥很大程度上受到客观基础条件优劣的影响。如何客观、公正地评价物流企业管理效果,正确反映管理主客体的作用,对提高物流企业管理水平、建立有效的管理激励机制具有重要的理论与实际意义。
本文首先阐述了物流企业管理效果评价研究的背景,分析了国内外对物流企业管理绩效评价研究现状,给出了本文的研究内容；然后,对物流企业管理理论及其效果进行概述,对比一般性生产企业分析了物流企业管理的特点,从管理效果的内涵和属性出发,提出了物流管理效果评价应包括物流管理效率的评价和物流管理有效性的评价；接着从管理效率和管理有效性两方面系统地分析了影响物流管理效果的各类因素,结合物流企业管理效果评价指标选取原则,建立了物流企业管理效果评价指标体系；在分析了DEA基本模型局限性的基础上,引入对抗交叉效率理论,构建了对抗交叉DEA评价模型,并给出了物流企业管理效果的评价步骤；最后利用该模型和方法对我国18家上市物流公司的管理效果进行了实证分析,依据评价结论,给出了改善物流企业管理效果的解决方案。
With the rapid development of global economic integration,the market competition which our logistics enterprises are faced to will be more fierce.And effective management as an main way to gain the competitive advantage has become a consense for the logistics industry.Thus,the evaluation for the logistics'management also become the issue what both academe and business circle concern.However, the objective conditions have a great effect on the exact express of logistics management level in the enterprises.How to guarantee the justice of the evaluation and how to correctly reflect the affect of the managers and objects are both meaningful for the theory and practice not only on raising the logistics'management level,but also on establishing effect bestir mechanism.
This thesis firstly expounds the background of the research for logistics enterprise management effect,analyzes the present situation from the internal and external,and gives the content of the research.Then summarizes the theory about logistics enterprise management and its effect,analyzes the characteristics of the logistics enterprise management by contrasting its differences with other enterprise management.From the management effect connotation and attribute,comes up with the management effect evaluation include two aspects,namely,the evaluation of management efficiency and management effectiveness.After systematically analysis the factors which influence management effect from the management efficiency and management effectiveness,and combining with the index selection principle,the thesis establishes a management effect evaluation index system. Based on analyzing the limitation of DEA basic model,a confrontational cross DEA method is constructed through the theory of cross efficiency,and puts forward the steps of the evaluation model.Finally 18 logistics enterprises are introduced to using this model for their management effect analysis.According to the evaluation result,a solution to improve logistics enterprise management effect is proposed.
本文首先阐述了物流企业管理效果评价研究的背景,分析了国内外对物流企业管理绩效评价研究现状,给出了本文的研究内容；然后,对物流企业管理理论及其效果进行概述,对比一般性生产企业分析了物流企业管理的特点,从管理效果的内涵和属性出发,提出了物流管理效果评价应包括物流管理效率的评价和物流管理有效性的评价；接着从管理效率和管理有效性两方面系统地分析了影响物流管理效果的各类因素,结合物流企业管理效果评价指标选取原则,建立了物流企业管理效果评价指标体系；在分析了DEA基本模型局限性的基础上,引入对抗交叉效率理论,构建了对抗交叉DEA评价模型,并给出了物流企业管理效果的评价步骤；最后利用该模型和方法对我国18家上市物流公司的管理效果进行了实证分析,依据评价结论,给出了改善物流企业管理效果的解决方案。
With the rapid development of global economic integration,the market competition which our logistics enterprises are faced to will be more fierce.And effective management as an main way to gain the competitive advantage has become a consense for the logistics industry.Thus,the evaluation for the logistics'management also become the issue what both academe and business circle concern.However, the objective conditions have a great effect on the exact express of logistics management level in the enterprises.How to guarantee the justice of the evaluation and how to correctly reflect the affect of the managers and objects are both meaningful for the theory and practice not only on raising the logistics'management level,but also on establishing effect bestir mechanism.
This thesis firstly expounds the background of the research for logistics enterprise management effect,analyzes the present situation from the internal and external,and gives the content of the research.Then summarizes the theory about logistics enterprise management and its effect,analyzes the characteristics of the logistics enterprise management by contrasting its differences with other enterprise management.From the management effect connotation and attribute,comes up with the management effect evaluation include two aspects,namely,the evaluation of management efficiency and management effectiveness.After systematically analysis the factors which influence management effect from the management efficiency and management effectiveness,and combining with the index selection principle,the thesis establishes a management effect evaluation index system. Based on analyzing the limitation of DEA basic model,a confrontational cross DEA method is constructed through the theory of cross efficiency,and puts forward the steps of the evaluation model.Finally 18 logistics enterprises are introduced to using this model for their management effect analysis.According to the evaluation result,a solution to improve logistics enterprise management effect is proposed.
引文
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[2]中国物流业六大变数http://www. bokee.net/company/weblog viewEntry/5339 049.html.2010,7,14
[3]Peter F.Drucker.The Practice of Management.Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann, 1971
[4]Peter F.Drucker,Joseph A.Maciariello.The Effective Executive in Action.Coll ins,2005,12
[5]方晓平.管理学理论与方法.北京：中国铁道出版社,2007.2
[6]Lambert, Sharman and John F.Stolle.The Total Cost Approach to Distribution,Readings in Physical Distribution Management.TOronto,Ontaria MacMillan,1969
[7]Nevem working Group.Performance indicators in Logisitics.IFS Publication, Bedford,1989
[8]Cohen M.A,Lee H.L.Out of touch with customer needs Spare parts and after sales service.Sloan Mangement Review,1990,31(2):55-66.
[9]Christopher M. Logistics and Supply Chain Management.London:Pitman Publishing,1992,35～45
[10]Davis T. Effective supply chain management.Sloan Management Review, 1993,34(4):35～46
[11]Lee H.L..Effective management of inventory and service through product differentiation.Management Science,1997,43(1):40～53
[12]Brewer,Peter C.,Thomas W,Speh.Using the balanced scorecard to measure supply chain performance.. Business Logistics,2000,21(1):75β93
[13]Gunasekaran A.,Paterl C..Performance measures and metrics in a Supply Chain Environment Inernational.Operations and Production Management, 2001,21:35～45
[14]Toni A.D.,Tonchia S.Performance measurement systems:models,characteristics and measures. Operations and production management,2001,21:46～70
[15]佛莱哲利.物流战略咨询：供应链一体化的方法论、工具和实践.北京：中国财政经济出版社,2003.120～121
[16]Gulgun Kayakutlu, Gulcin Buyukozkan.Assessing Performance Factors for a 3PL in a Value Chain.International Journal of Production Economics.2010,10
[17]Amer Hamdan, K.J. (Jamie) Rogers.Evaluating the efficiency of 3PL logistics operations.Production Economics.2008,113:235～244
[18]Jiuh-Biing Sheu.A hybrid neuro-fuzzy analytical approach to mode choice of global logistics management. European Journal of Operational Research. 2008,189:971～986
[19]王娟,黄培清.物流绩效的财务评价系统.物流技术与应用,2000,3：27～28
[20]孙宏岭,戚世均.现代物流活动绩效分析.北京：中国物资出版社,2001.53～55
[21]骆温平.物流供应链战略发展趋势分析.物流技术,2000,101(2)：33
[22]周涛,程君谟,乔忠.物流企业绩效评价体系及模糊综合评判.物流技术,2002(9)：26～28
[23]王勇,杨文慧.关于企业物流管理绩效评价体系的探讨.商业研究,2003.4：163～164
[24]马红艳,张光明,盛永祥.评价物流企业绩效的效用理论方法.华东船舶工业学院学报,2003,17(6)：78～83
[25]刘秉镰,王鹏姬.基于平衡记分卡的物流企业绩效层次分析.中国流通经济,2003(7),58～61
[26]姜超雁.中小型第三方物流企业绩效评价体系研究：[硕士学位论文].上海：上海海事大学,2007
[27]康国兵.物流企业绩效评价研究：[硕士学位论文].成都：西南财经大学,2004
[28]徐菁.基于BSC的物流企业绩效评价体系研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉：武汉理工大学,2007
[29]马燕.网络型物流企业绩效评价体系研究：[硕士学位论文].北京：北京交通大学,2007
[30]张李渊.我国物流企业绩效评价研究：[硕士学位论文].上海：上海师范大学,2008
[31]严丽俊.第三方物流企业绩效评价与实证分析：[硕士学位论文].大连：大连交通大学,2009
[32]裴金英.基于DEA-AHP及其改进方法的物流企业绩效评价：[硕士学位论文].大连：大连理工大学,2010
[33]李冠,何明祥.现代物流管理系统及其DEA绩效评价.商业研究,2003(14)：146～148
[34]吴金卓.基于DEA原理的物流企业综合效率评价：[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨：东北林业大学,2005
[35]徐超.基于DEA法的我国第三方物流企业效率评价研究：[硕士学位论文].浙江：浙江工业大学,2005
[36]房卓.基于DEA和SFA的物流企业综合绩效评价研究：[硕士学位论文].大连：大连理工大学,2006
[37]周志超.常德地区铁路货场第三方物流发展和绩效评价研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007
[38]全春光,程晓娟.基于DEA的我国物流企业绩效评价.物流工程与管理,2010,32(5)：17～20
[39]王若刚,冯英俊,杨昌.基于DEA的第三方物流动态绩效评价研究.沈阳建筑大学学报,2006,1(22)：173～176
[40]覃波.基于DEA模型的我国物流企业经营效率评价研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007
[41]王鹏.物流企业绩效综合评价方法与实证研究：[硕士学位论文].大连：大连海事大学,2008
[42]臧晓宁.基于熵-DEA模型的物流企业绩效评价：[硕士学位论文].安徽：中国科技大学,2009
[43]王瑛,孙林岩,陈宏.基于两阶段的物流系统综合评价DEA/AHP法.长安大学学报,2003,23(3)：79～84
[44]中国物流与采购联合会,中国物流发展报告.北京：中国物资出版社,2001
[45]王之泰.现代物流学.北京：中国物资出版社,1995,6
[46]毛海军,张永等.物流企业分类模型.交通运输工程学报.2005,5(2)：117～121
[47]史兴华.论我国物流企业管理中存在的问题与对策.商品与质量.2010,830
[48]冯英俊,魏松贤,高欣.管理有效性.哈尔滨工业大学学报.2000,2(2)：76～78
[49]王群青.提高质量管理有效性的方法与途径.航天标准化.2004,3：32～41
[50]刘志铭.西方效率理论的发展与政策的微观经济角色.广东行政学院学报.2003(4)
[51]Farrell M.J.The measurement of productive efficiency.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,1957,(120A):125～281
[52]Harvey Leibenstein. X效率.纽约：牛津大学出版社.1966：208
[53]冯英浚,李成红.二次相对效益——衡量企业经济效益的一种新指标.中 国软科学,1995,(7)：31～37
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