一体化网络中基于bonding的终端多家乡研究与实现
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摘要
随着网络技术的飞速发展,为适应网络新业务的数目和需求持续增长,终端使用多家乡技术接入网络的方式逐渐兴起。使用多家乡技术既可以为用户带来便利和更高质量的服务,又可以提高网络性能。本文结合一体化网络引入的标识与分离映射机制,以及一体化网络可支持多种服务的特点,为实现一体化网络可信、可控、可管的目标,结合bonding技术,在一体化网络中,提出了一种终端多家乡技术的实现方案。
本文按多家乡技术所带来的几项优势划分,并提出的一体化网络中终端多家乡的实现方案包括以下几部分:使用户可以根据自身的需求来选择接入网络的方式和接入网络的链路,实现接入网络的可选择性;利用链路冗余的原理,结合bonding模块来保障链路可持续工作,使通信保持畅通,从而实现链路乃至整个网络的可靠性提升;引入流量计算公式,设计流量分配算法,并结合网络性能监测结果、链路分配状态以及经济因素进行流量分配,从而实现网络的负载均衡。此外,本文提出的终端多家乡方案中还阐述了由于在一体化网络中引入了标识和分离映射机制,使得多家乡技术在应用时避免了路由表膨胀的问题。最后,方案中还包括多家乡终端在进行多家乡切换后通信流程的设计,以应对多家乡切换所带来的链路改变,保证通信的畅通。在具体实现中,我们利用bonding技术,可以使终端的多个接口可以共用同一个接入标识,从而将多家乡技术成功应用于一体化网络中,并且修改了bonding模块的程序,再结合我们的终端程序,使得主链路在出现故障时备用链路能够立即被使用,并通知终端程序在网络设置以及通信流程上做相应的工作,保证通信持续进行,从而提高了链路的可靠性。此外我们的终端程序内还设计了人机交互接口,使用Hash表存储链路的各种参数,使得终端可以提供给用户链路参数,而用户可根据自身的需求来选择适合的链路。
通过在实验网络的终端上部署本方案,并对链路冗余系统进行相关的测试,对测试结果进行统计和分析,可说明该方案能够根据用户的需求为终端提供各种接入方式,并提升了链路乃至整个网络的可靠性。这也为在一体化网络平台上进行更深入的研究打下了较好的基础。
With the rapid development of network technology, in order to meet all kinds of application of new business, the way of using multi-homing technology to access network is gradually on the rise. This paper combines with the identifier and mapping mechanisms which introduced by Universal Network and its characteristic that supports many kinds of services. Then it presents a bonding-based host multi-homing technology scheme to achieve the goals of reliability and controllability in the Universal Network.
Classification by the advantage which brought by the multi-homing technology, the host multi-homing scheme includes that: provide users to choose the mode and the link to access network according to their own demand; use the redundant link to ensure the link to work continuously, so that the communication can keep working and the reliability of the link will be promoted; introduce flow formula, design flow distribution algorithm, and combined with performance monitoring results, link distribution status and economic factors for flow distribution system, and finally achieve load balancing. In addition, the scheme sets out that using host multi-homing technology in Universal Network resolves the problem of route table expansion because of the identifier and mapping mechanisms which introduced by Universal Network. The scheme also includes multi-homing host's communication process design after multi-homing switching, and it solves the problem of link change which brought about by the multi-homing switching, therefore it ensure the communication keep working.
In specific implementation, we use bonding technology to make all the interfaces of the host be shared with the same access identifier. And we modify bonding module. Combined modified bonding module with our host's program, it can make the backup link enable to be used immediately as soon as the using link is in the event of failure. Besides, it can inform the host to do some work on network setting and communication process in order to keep the communication working. Therefore, it enhances the reliability of the link. In addition, we design the interactive interface in the host's program. It stores many parameters in hash table, and allows users use them as reference and select appropriate link according to their own demand.
We deploy this scheme on the host of experimental network and do some related tests on redundant link system. And we take count of our test results and analyze them. Therefore the scheme is shown to provide link to access network according to users' choices, and to ensure link reliability. To sum up, the implementation of this scheme builds a foundation for further research on Universal Network.
本文按多家乡技术所带来的几项优势划分,并提出的一体化网络中终端多家乡的实现方案包括以下几部分:使用户可以根据自身的需求来选择接入网络的方式和接入网络的链路,实现接入网络的可选择性;利用链路冗余的原理,结合bonding模块来保障链路可持续工作,使通信保持畅通,从而实现链路乃至整个网络的可靠性提升;引入流量计算公式,设计流量分配算法,并结合网络性能监测结果、链路分配状态以及经济因素进行流量分配,从而实现网络的负载均衡。此外,本文提出的终端多家乡方案中还阐述了由于在一体化网络中引入了标识和分离映射机制,使得多家乡技术在应用时避免了路由表膨胀的问题。最后,方案中还包括多家乡终端在进行多家乡切换后通信流程的设计,以应对多家乡切换所带来的链路改变,保证通信的畅通。在具体实现中,我们利用bonding技术,可以使终端的多个接口可以共用同一个接入标识,从而将多家乡技术成功应用于一体化网络中,并且修改了bonding模块的程序,再结合我们的终端程序,使得主链路在出现故障时备用链路能够立即被使用,并通知终端程序在网络设置以及通信流程上做相应的工作,保证通信持续进行,从而提高了链路的可靠性。此外我们的终端程序内还设计了人机交互接口,使用Hash表存储链路的各种参数,使得终端可以提供给用户链路参数,而用户可根据自身的需求来选择适合的链路。
通过在实验网络的终端上部署本方案,并对链路冗余系统进行相关的测试,对测试结果进行统计和分析,可说明该方案能够根据用户的需求为终端提供各种接入方式,并提升了链路乃至整个网络的可靠性。这也为在一体化网络平台上进行更深入的研究打下了较好的基础。
With the rapid development of network technology, in order to meet all kinds of application of new business, the way of using multi-homing technology to access network is gradually on the rise. This paper combines with the identifier and mapping mechanisms which introduced by Universal Network and its characteristic that supports many kinds of services. Then it presents a bonding-based host multi-homing technology scheme to achieve the goals of reliability and controllability in the Universal Network.
Classification by the advantage which brought by the multi-homing technology, the host multi-homing scheme includes that: provide users to choose the mode and the link to access network according to their own demand; use the redundant link to ensure the link to work continuously, so that the communication can keep working and the reliability of the link will be promoted; introduce flow formula, design flow distribution algorithm, and combined with performance monitoring results, link distribution status and economic factors for flow distribution system, and finally achieve load balancing. In addition, the scheme sets out that using host multi-homing technology in Universal Network resolves the problem of route table expansion because of the identifier and mapping mechanisms which introduced by Universal Network. The scheme also includes multi-homing host's communication process design after multi-homing switching, and it solves the problem of link change which brought about by the multi-homing switching, therefore it ensure the communication keep working.
In specific implementation, we use bonding technology to make all the interfaces of the host be shared with the same access identifier. And we modify bonding module. Combined modified bonding module with our host's program, it can make the backup link enable to be used immediately as soon as the using link is in the event of failure. Besides, it can inform the host to do some work on network setting and communication process in order to keep the communication working. Therefore, it enhances the reliability of the link. In addition, we design the interactive interface in the host's program. It stores many parameters in hash table, and allows users use them as reference and select appropriate link according to their own demand.
We deploy this scheme on the host of experimental network and do some related tests on redundant link system. And we take count of our test results and analyze them. Therefore the scheme is shown to provide link to access network according to users' choices, and to ensure link reliability. To sum up, the implementation of this scheme builds a foundation for further research on Universal Network.
引文
[1]W.Richard Stevens著,范建华等译.TCP/IP详解[M],北京,机械工业出版社,1999.
[2]NewArch project:future-generation Internet architecture[EB/OL],http://www.isi.edu/newarch:
[3]GENI:Global Environment for Network Innovations[EB/OL],http://www.geni.net.
[4]L Peterson(Ed).GENI Design Principles[EB/OL],http://www.geni.net/documents.php.
[5]FIND:Future Internet Network Design[EB/OL],http://find.isi.edu.
[6]赵慧玲.下一代网络相关技术的研究[J].通信产业报,2002.
[7]赵慧玲,徐向辉.NGN的研究进展[J],电信科学,2004,第20卷30-35.
[8]张宏科,苏伟.新网络体系基础研究--体化网络与普适服务[J],电子学报,2007.
[9]董平,秦雅娟,张宏科.支持普适服务的一体化网络研究[J],电子学报,2007.
[10]杨冬,周华春,张宏科.基于一体化网络的普适服务研究[J],电子学报,2007.
[11]罗万明,单既如,阎保平.互联网多穴技术及在IPv6网络中的实现[J],数据通信,2005(5):1-4.
[12]X.Liu,and L.Xiao.A survey of multi-homing technology in stub networks:current research and open issues[J],IEEE Network,2007,21(3):32-40.
[13]G.Huston.The Unreliable Internet[S],Broadband Satellite Column,2001.
[14]K.Lindqvist,E.Davies,and B.Black.IPv4 multi-homing practices and limitations[S],IETF RFC 4116,2005.
[15]J.Han and F.Jahanian.Impact of Path Diversity on Multi-homed and Overlay Networks[S],DSN,2004.
[16]A.Akella,S.Seshan,and A.Shaikh.Multi-homing Performance Benefits:An Experimental Evaluation of Practical Enterprise Strategies[S],USENIX Annual Technical Conf.,Boston,MA,2004.
[17]D.K.Goldenberg et al.Optimizing Cost and Performance for Multi-homing[S],SIGCOMM,Portland,Ore.,2004.
[18]F.Guo et al.Experiences in Building a Multi-homing Load Balancing Sys-tem[S],IEEE INFOCOM,2004.
[19]S.Lee,Z.Zhang,and S.Nelakuditi.Exploiting AS Hierarchy for Scalable Route Selection in Multi-homed Stub Networks[S],ACM SIG-COMM Internet Measurement Conf,2004.
[20]R.Gummadi and R.Govindan.Practical Routing-Layer Support for Scalable Multi-homing[S],INFOCOM,2005.
[21]T.Ernst,N.Montavont,R.Wakikawa,E.Kyoung Paik,et al.Goals and benefits of multi-homing[S],lnternet Draft,draft-ernst-generic-goals-and-benefits-02,2005.
[22]A.Akella et al.A Comparison of Overlay Routing and Multi-homing Route Control[J],SIGCOMM,2004.
[23]A.Akella and Sitaraman.A Measurement-Based Analysis of Multi-homing[J],SIGCOMM,2003.
[24]Srikanth Kandula.Dynamic Load Balancing Without Packet Reordering[J],SIGCOMM,2007.
[25]W.Richard Stevens.Unix网络编程[M],清华大学出版社,1999.
[26]W.Richard Stevens,Stephen A.Rago.Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment[M], PEARSON,2005.
[27]Scott Maxwell著.Linux内核源代码分析[M],北京,机械工业出版社2000.6.
[28]李善平.Linux内核2.4版源代码分析大全[M],北京,机械工业出版社,2002.
[29]严蔚敏.吴伟民编著.数据结构[M],北京,清华大学出版社,1996.
[30]张克东.软件工程与软件测试自动化教程[M],北京,电子工业出版社,2002.
[2]NewArch project:future-generation Internet architecture[EB/OL],http://www.isi.edu/newarch:
[3]GENI:Global Environment for Network Innovations[EB/OL],http://www.geni.net.
[4]L Peterson(Ed).GENI Design Principles[EB/OL],http://www.geni.net/documents.php.
[5]FIND:Future Internet Network Design[EB/OL],http://find.isi.edu.
[6]赵慧玲.下一代网络相关技术的研究[J].通信产业报,2002.
[7]赵慧玲,徐向辉.NGN的研究进展[J],电信科学,2004,第20卷30-35.
[8]张宏科,苏伟.新网络体系基础研究--体化网络与普适服务[J],电子学报,2007.
[9]董平,秦雅娟,张宏科.支持普适服务的一体化网络研究[J],电子学报,2007.
[10]杨冬,周华春,张宏科.基于一体化网络的普适服务研究[J],电子学报,2007.
[11]罗万明,单既如,阎保平.互联网多穴技术及在IPv6网络中的实现[J],数据通信,2005(5):1-4.
[12]X.Liu,and L.Xiao.A survey of multi-homing technology in stub networks:current research and open issues[J],IEEE Network,2007,21(3):32-40.
[13]G.Huston.The Unreliable Internet[S],Broadband Satellite Column,2001.
[14]K.Lindqvist,E.Davies,and B.Black.IPv4 multi-homing practices and limitations[S],IETF RFC 4116,2005.
[15]J.Han and F.Jahanian.Impact of Path Diversity on Multi-homed and Overlay Networks[S],DSN,2004.
[16]A.Akella,S.Seshan,and A.Shaikh.Multi-homing Performance Benefits:An Experimental Evaluation of Practical Enterprise Strategies[S],USENIX Annual Technical Conf.,Boston,MA,2004.
[17]D.K.Goldenberg et al.Optimizing Cost and Performance for Multi-homing[S],SIGCOMM,Portland,Ore.,2004.
[18]F.Guo et al.Experiences in Building a Multi-homing Load Balancing Sys-tem[S],IEEE INFOCOM,2004.
[19]S.Lee,Z.Zhang,and S.Nelakuditi.Exploiting AS Hierarchy for Scalable Route Selection in Multi-homed Stub Networks[S],ACM SIG-COMM Internet Measurement Conf,2004.
[20]R.Gummadi and R.Govindan.Practical Routing-Layer Support for Scalable Multi-homing[S],INFOCOM,2005.
[21]T.Ernst,N.Montavont,R.Wakikawa,E.Kyoung Paik,et al.Goals and benefits of multi-homing[S],lnternet Draft,draft-ernst-generic-goals-and-benefits-02,2005.
[22]A.Akella et al.A Comparison of Overlay Routing and Multi-homing Route Control[J],SIGCOMM,2004.
[23]A.Akella and Sitaraman.A Measurement-Based Analysis of Multi-homing[J],SIGCOMM,2003.
[24]Srikanth Kandula.Dynamic Load Balancing Without Packet Reordering[J],SIGCOMM,2007.
[25]W.Richard Stevens.Unix网络编程[M],清华大学出版社,1999.
[26]W.Richard Stevens,Stephen A.Rago.Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment[M], PEARSON,2005.
[27]Scott Maxwell著.Linux内核源代码分析[M],北京,机械工业出版社2000.6.
[28]李善平.Linux内核2.4版源代码分析大全[M],北京,机械工业出版社,2002.
[29]严蔚敏.吴伟民编著.数据结构[M],北京,清华大学出版社,1996.
[30]张克东.软件工程与软件测试自动化教程[M],北京,电子工业出版社,2002.