大柳塔煤矿浅埋近距离煤层群下行开采下工作面矿压规律
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摘要
随着神东煤田的开发,我国学者对薄基岩浅埋煤层进行了深入的研究,得出了典型浅埋煤层工作面上覆岩层移动以及矿压显现规律,很好地指导了现场生产。但针对神东煤田浅埋深近距离煤层下行开采时下工作面矿压显现规律研究较少,需要对此进行深入重点研究,为浅埋近距离煤层安全开采提供理论与实践的借鉴。
本文针对大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井12303工作面、12304工作面、12305工作面和12306工作面地质条件,通过现场矿压观测,对层间距小于15m的浅埋煤层的矿压规律进行了研究,分析走向和倾向煤柱对矿压显现的影响、不同地形地貌对矿压显现的影响、以及不同层间距对工作面矿压的影响程度。
研究表明,大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井1-2煤三盘区工作面矿压规律明显,来压期间支架的工作阻力比较大;来压呈现非均匀性周期变化;煤层层间距减小导致来压步距有所减小;非来压与来压区别不明显,周期来压的规律性不明显,来压时支架载荷变化不大,动载系数减小。工作面发生动载现象的地方一般发生在工作面过沟流上坡位置和平顶位置,主要是由于活鸡兔井浅埋深、薄基岩、厚松散层的地质条件与关键层断裂和沟坡移动引起的。
研究近距离浅埋煤层层间距变化的矿压控制,对补连塔煤矿、哈拉沟煤矿、榆家梁煤矿、石圪台煤矿近距离浅埋煤层开采具有借鉴意义。
With the development of ShenDong coalfield,our scholars have thoroughly studied the shallow-buried coal seam under thin bedrock,found movement rules of overburden strata for typical shallow coal seam face of mining from down to up and strata pressure laws,which is a good guide on production.But researsh on strata behavior regularity of mining face from dow- n to up of Shallow close distance seams of ShenDong coalfield is less.It is necessary to carry out in-depth key research and this can provide theory and practice reference for shallow close distance seams safety mining.
In this article,for geological conditions of Daliuta Huojitu well 12303 face,12304 face, 12305 face and12306 face, strata behavior regularity of the shallow coal mine whose closed distance is less than 15 miles was studied through mine pressure observation.And this article analysised the effect of trend and tendency coal to strata behavior regularity,the effect of dif- ferent landform to strata behavior regularity,and different closed distance to strata behavior regularity.
The Study showed that strata behavior regularity of Daliuta Huojitul well 1-2 mining face was significant, support working resistance was larger during the periodic weighting, the periodic weighting presented non-uniform periodic change, the pressure step distance reduced with closed distance decrease, there were no significant differences during weighting and non- weighting, the regularity of the periodic weighting is not obvious, support working resistance changed little during the periodic weighting and dynamic load coefficient reduced. Dynamic load phenomenon often occurred on flow uphill position and flat-roofed position,because of critical layer breakage, Ditch slope movement,and the geological condition of HuojItu well which included Shallow buried depth, thin bedrock and huge unconsolidated soil layer.
Study on effects of interlaminar space changes to mine pressure control has important implications to mining of Shallow Close Distance Seams in Bulianta coal mine,Halagou coal mine,Yujialiang coal mine and Shiqitai coal mine.
本文针对大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井12303工作面、12304工作面、12305工作面和12306工作面地质条件,通过现场矿压观测,对层间距小于15m的浅埋煤层的矿压规律进行了研究,分析走向和倾向煤柱对矿压显现的影响、不同地形地貌对矿压显现的影响、以及不同层间距对工作面矿压的影响程度。
研究表明,大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井1-2煤三盘区工作面矿压规律明显,来压期间支架的工作阻力比较大;来压呈现非均匀性周期变化;煤层层间距减小导致来压步距有所减小;非来压与来压区别不明显,周期来压的规律性不明显,来压时支架载荷变化不大,动载系数减小。工作面发生动载现象的地方一般发生在工作面过沟流上坡位置和平顶位置,主要是由于活鸡兔井浅埋深、薄基岩、厚松散层的地质条件与关键层断裂和沟坡移动引起的。
研究近距离浅埋煤层层间距变化的矿压控制,对补连塔煤矿、哈拉沟煤矿、榆家梁煤矿、石圪台煤矿近距离浅埋煤层开采具有借鉴意义。
With the development of ShenDong coalfield,our scholars have thoroughly studied the shallow-buried coal seam under thin bedrock,found movement rules of overburden strata for typical shallow coal seam face of mining from down to up and strata pressure laws,which is a good guide on production.But researsh on strata behavior regularity of mining face from dow- n to up of Shallow close distance seams of ShenDong coalfield is less.It is necessary to carry out in-depth key research and this can provide theory and practice reference for shallow close distance seams safety mining.
In this article,for geological conditions of Daliuta Huojitu well 12303 face,12304 face, 12305 face and12306 face, strata behavior regularity of the shallow coal mine whose closed distance is less than 15 miles was studied through mine pressure observation.And this article analysised the effect of trend and tendency coal to strata behavior regularity,the effect of dif- ferent landform to strata behavior regularity,and different closed distance to strata behavior regularity.
The Study showed that strata behavior regularity of Daliuta Huojitul well 1-2 mining face was significant, support working resistance was larger during the periodic weighting, the periodic weighting presented non-uniform periodic change, the pressure step distance reduced with closed distance decrease, there were no significant differences during weighting and non- weighting, the regularity of the periodic weighting is not obvious, support working resistance changed little during the periodic weighting and dynamic load coefficient reduced. Dynamic load phenomenon often occurred on flow uphill position and flat-roofed position,because of critical layer breakage, Ditch slope movement,and the geological condition of HuojItu well which included Shallow buried depth, thin bedrock and huge unconsolidated soil layer.
Study on effects of interlaminar space changes to mine pressure control has important implications to mining of Shallow Close Distance Seams in Bulianta coal mine,Halagou coal mine,Yujialiang coal mine and Shiqitai coal mine.
引文
[1]杨鹏,冯武林.神府东胜矿区浅埋煤层涌水溃沙灾害研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2002(30):65～69
[2]黄庆享.浅埋煤层的矿压特征与浅埋煤层定义[J].岩石力学与工程学,2002(8):1174～1177
[3]李刚,梁冰,李风仪.大柳塔煤矿21305工作面覆岩活动规律的相似模拟[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2005(5):295～298
[4]黄庆享.浅埋煤层采动厚沙土层破坏规律模拟[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2003(4):25～27
[5]张惠,田银素.薄基岩大采高综采面矿压显现规律[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2004(3): 69～71
[6]张百胜.极近距离煤层开采围岩控制理论及技术研究[博士学位论文] ,2008
[7]陈炎光,陆士良.中国煤矿巷道围岩控制[M],徐州,中国矿业大学出版社,1994
[8] Chekan,Gregory J,Listak,Jeffrey.Design practices for ultiple-sea longwall ines, Inforation Circular-United States,ureau of ines,9360,1993,l～35
[9] H.Yavuz.An estiation ethod for cover Pressure re-estalishent distance and Pressure distriution in the goaf of longwall coalines,International Journal of Rock echanics and ining Sciences,2004,41(2),193～205
[10] K..Singh,T.N.singh.Ground oveents over longwall workings in the Kaptee coalfield,India,Engineering Geology,1998,50(l-2),125～139
[11]陆士良,姜耀东,孙永联.巷道与上部煤层间垂距Z的选择[J],中国矿业大学学报,1993,22(1),1～7
[12]陆士良.巷道与上部煤柱边缘间水平距离X的选择[J],中国矿业大学学报,1993,22(2),1～7
[13]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M],徐州,中国矿业大学出版社,2003
[14]史元伟,郭潘强,康立军等.矿井多煤层开采围岩应力分析与设计优化[M],北京,煤炭工业社,1995
[15]任德惠.井工开采矿山压力与控制,重庆,重庆大学出版社,1990
[16]林衍,谭学术,胡耀华.对缓倾近距离煤层群同采合理错距的探讨[J],贵州工学院学报,1994,23 (2),33～38
[17] ZhangBaisheng,KangLixun,ZhaiYingda.Definition of ultra.close ultiple=seas and its ground Pressure ehavior,In,Peng SS,The 24th International Conference on GroundControl in ining,ORGANTOWN WV,2005,110～113
[18]张百胜,杨双锁,翟英达等.极近距离煤层回采巷道合理位置确定方法的探讨[J],岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1),97～101
[19]刘听成.采场矿山压力讲义[M].西安,西安矿业学院,1962
[20] iller RD,Steeples DW.SchulteL.Shallow Seisic Reflection Study of Salt Dissolution Well Field near HutchinsonKS[J].ining Engineering (Littleton Colorado),1993,45(10)
[21]黄庆享.浅埋煤层长壁开采顶板结构及岩层控制研究[M],徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000
[22] L.Holla..uizen.Stata oveent due to shallow longwall ining and the effect on ground pereaility.Aus I ullefin and Proceedings,Vol.295 No.1 ay 1990
[23] G.J.Shith, S.Rosenau.Resent underground invetigation of aandoned chalk ine workings eneath Norwich City Norfolk. Engineering geology, Vol.36 No.1～2 Nov 1993
[24] R.D.iller, D.W.Steeples, L.Schulte. Shallow seisic refletion study of salt dissolution well field ear Hutchinson KS. ining Engineering (Littleton Colorado), Vol.45 NO.10 Oct 1993
[25] H.J.Henson, J.L.Sexton. Preine study of shallow coal seas using highresolution seisi refilection ethods. Geophysics, Vol.56 No.9 sep 1991
[26] ill Reid. Longwall ining in South Africa . Coal, Vol 99 No.10 Oct 1994
[27] R.P.Singh, R.N.Yadav. Susidence due to coal ining in India. In:Proceedings of the 1995 5th International Syposiu on land Susidence. IAHS Pulication, No.234, 1995. IAHS, Wallingford, Engl
[28] Rajendra Singh , T.N.Singh , haraf .Dhar. Coal pillar Loading in shallow conditions.International Jounal of Rock echanics and ining Scienes and Geoechanics Aatracts, 1996, 53(8)
[29]赵宏珠.印度浅埋深难跨顶板煤层地面爆破综采研究.矿山压力与顶板管理[J].1999(4)54～5
[30]赵宏珠.印度综采长壁工作面浅部开采实践.中国煤炭[J].1998(12)49～51
[31]赵宏珠.浅埋采动煤层工作面矿压规律研究.矿山压力与顶板管理[J].1996(2)27～32
[32]乔忠寿.回采工作面支架工作阻力计算方法探讨.煤炭学报[J],1989(12)
[33] Qianminggao,Yang Suangsuo,Kang Lixun.Study on the staility of iediate roof locks at the end face.Jurnal of coal science and engineering,1999.6
[34] Huang Qingxiang. Analysis of ain roof reaking for and its echanis during f irst weighting in longwall face
[35]侯忠杰.浅埋煤层关键层研究.煤炭学报[J],1999.8 24(4)359～363
[36]侯忠杰.地表厚松散层浅埋煤层组合关键层的稳定性分析.煤炭学报[J],2000 25(2)127～131
[37]柴敬.浅埋煤层开采的大比例立体模拟研究.煤炭学报[J],1998.8 23(4)391～395
[38]侯忠杰.断裂带老顶的判别准则及在浅埋煤层中的应用[J].煤炭学报[J],2003(2):8～12
[39]宋选民,窦江海.浅埋煤层回采巷道合理煤柱宽度的实测研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003(3):31～33
[40]黄庆享,刘文岗,田银素.近浅埋煤层大采高矿压显现规律实测研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003(3):58～59
[41]史元伟,郭潘强,康立军等.矿井多煤层开采围岩应力分析与设计优化[M],北京,煤炭工业出版社,199
[2]黄庆享.浅埋煤层的矿压特征与浅埋煤层定义[J].岩石力学与工程学,2002(8):1174～1177
[3]李刚,梁冰,李风仪.大柳塔煤矿21305工作面覆岩活动规律的相似模拟[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2005(5):295～298
[4]黄庆享.浅埋煤层采动厚沙土层破坏规律模拟[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2003(4):25～27
[5]张惠,田银素.薄基岩大采高综采面矿压显现规律[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2004(3): 69～71
[6]张百胜.极近距离煤层开采围岩控制理论及技术研究[博士学位论文] ,2008
[7]陈炎光,陆士良.中国煤矿巷道围岩控制[M],徐州,中国矿业大学出版社,1994
[8] Chekan,Gregory J,Listak,Jeffrey.Design practices for ultiple-sea longwall ines, Inforation Circular-United States,ureau of ines,9360,1993,l～35
[9] H.Yavuz.An estiation ethod for cover Pressure re-estalishent distance and Pressure distriution in the goaf of longwall coalines,International Journal of Rock echanics and ining Sciences,2004,41(2),193～205
[10] K..Singh,T.N.singh.Ground oveents over longwall workings in the Kaptee coalfield,India,Engineering Geology,1998,50(l-2),125～139
[11]陆士良,姜耀东,孙永联.巷道与上部煤层间垂距Z的选择[J],中国矿业大学学报,1993,22(1),1～7
[12]陆士良.巷道与上部煤柱边缘间水平距离X的选择[J],中国矿业大学学报,1993,22(2),1～7
[13]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M],徐州,中国矿业大学出版社,2003
[14]史元伟,郭潘强,康立军等.矿井多煤层开采围岩应力分析与设计优化[M],北京,煤炭工业社,1995
[15]任德惠.井工开采矿山压力与控制,重庆,重庆大学出版社,1990
[16]林衍,谭学术,胡耀华.对缓倾近距离煤层群同采合理错距的探讨[J],贵州工学院学报,1994,23 (2),33～38
[17] ZhangBaisheng,KangLixun,ZhaiYingda.Definition of ultra.close ultiple=seas and its ground Pressure ehavior,In,Peng SS,The 24th International Conference on GroundControl in ining,ORGANTOWN WV,2005,110～113
[18]张百胜,杨双锁,翟英达等.极近距离煤层回采巷道合理位置确定方法的探讨[J],岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1),97～101
[19]刘听成.采场矿山压力讲义[M].西安,西安矿业学院,1962
[20] iller RD,Steeples DW.SchulteL.Shallow Seisic Reflection Study of Salt Dissolution Well Field near HutchinsonKS[J].ining Engineering (Littleton Colorado),1993,45(10)
[21]黄庆享.浅埋煤层长壁开采顶板结构及岩层控制研究[M],徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000
[22] L.Holla..uizen.Stata oveent due to shallow longwall ining and the effect on ground pereaility.Aus I ullefin and Proceedings,Vol.295 No.1 ay 1990
[23] G.J.Shith, S.Rosenau.Resent underground invetigation of aandoned chalk ine workings eneath Norwich City Norfolk. Engineering geology, Vol.36 No.1～2 Nov 1993
[24] R.D.iller, D.W.Steeples, L.Schulte. Shallow seisic refletion study of salt dissolution well field ear Hutchinson KS. ining Engineering (Littleton Colorado), Vol.45 NO.10 Oct 1993
[25] H.J.Henson, J.L.Sexton. Preine study of shallow coal seas using highresolution seisi refilection ethods. Geophysics, Vol.56 No.9 sep 1991
[26] ill Reid. Longwall ining in South Africa . Coal, Vol 99 No.10 Oct 1994
[27] R.P.Singh, R.N.Yadav. Susidence due to coal ining in India. In:Proceedings of the 1995 5th International Syposiu on land Susidence. IAHS Pulication, No.234, 1995. IAHS, Wallingford, Engl
[28] Rajendra Singh , T.N.Singh , haraf .Dhar. Coal pillar Loading in shallow conditions.International Jounal of Rock echanics and ining Scienes and Geoechanics Aatracts, 1996, 53(8)
[29]赵宏珠.印度浅埋深难跨顶板煤层地面爆破综采研究.矿山压力与顶板管理[J].1999(4)54～5
[30]赵宏珠.印度综采长壁工作面浅部开采实践.中国煤炭[J].1998(12)49～51
[31]赵宏珠.浅埋采动煤层工作面矿压规律研究.矿山压力与顶板管理[J].1996(2)27～32
[32]乔忠寿.回采工作面支架工作阻力计算方法探讨.煤炭学报[J],1989(12)
[33] Qianminggao,Yang Suangsuo,Kang Lixun.Study on the staility of iediate roof locks at the end face.Jurnal of coal science and engineering,1999.6
[34] Huang Qingxiang. Analysis of ain roof reaking for and its echanis during f irst weighting in longwall face
[35]侯忠杰.浅埋煤层关键层研究.煤炭学报[J],1999.8 24(4)359～363
[36]侯忠杰.地表厚松散层浅埋煤层组合关键层的稳定性分析.煤炭学报[J],2000 25(2)127～131
[37]柴敬.浅埋煤层开采的大比例立体模拟研究.煤炭学报[J],1998.8 23(4)391～395
[38]侯忠杰.断裂带老顶的判别准则及在浅埋煤层中的应用[J].煤炭学报[J],2003(2):8～12
[39]宋选民,窦江海.浅埋煤层回采巷道合理煤柱宽度的实测研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003(3):31～33
[40]黄庆享,刘文岗,田银素.近浅埋煤层大采高矿压显现规律实测研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003(3):58～59
[41]史元伟,郭潘强,康立军等.矿井多煤层开采围岩应力分析与设计优化[M],北京,煤炭工业出版社,199