风心病联合瓣膜置换手术疗效分析和术中心肌保护研究
|
摘要
研究背景:
风湿性心脏瓣膜疾病是常见的心脏疾病,在我国发病率较高,目前,心脏瓣膜置换手术是治疗瓣膜疾病有效、可靠的治疗方法,其中,主动脉和二尖瓣双瓣膜置换术(DVR)占近30%,其手术难度大、危险性高,合并细小主动脉瓣环的处理更困难,争议较多。尽管随着对瓣膜疾病的认识水平、瓣膜置换技术、心肌保护技术、体外循环技术以及瓣膜工艺等的提高,瓣膜置换手术的成功率有较大提高,但仍存在一定的死亡率,约为1-5%,特别是DVR手术的死亡率还要高。死亡原因以低心输出综合征最常见,提示除了基础病变导致的心肌损伤外,还存在手术中心肌保护不完善的情况。目前DVR手术的心肌保护,多采用冠状静脉窦逆行灌注的心肌保护方法,而在主动脉瓣狭窄为主双瓣膜病变的病例中,采用该方法是否妥当,是否还有更完善的方法,目前尚不明确。
本研究旨在分析心脏瓣膜置换手术后早期死亡的危险因素,为临床防治提供参考;评估双瓣膜置换术中主动脉瓣位植入小型号机械瓣的疗效,并探讨影响中、远期疗效的因素,为临床应用小口径主动脉机械瓣提供理论依据;研究以主动脉瓣狭窄为主双瓣膜病变的病理特征和能量代谢状况,探寻主动脉瓣狭窄为主双瓣膜置换手术的更佳心肌保护措施。
研究方法:
第一部分为临床回顾性研究,应用Microsoft Access XP数据库和SPSS10.0统计软件,收集1998年01月至2004年05月我院1092例接受心脏瓣膜置换术患者的临床资料,用logistic回归分析模型,重点分析患者基础病变、手术方式、心肌保护方式、体外循环转流时间、阻断主动脉时间、血清损伤标志物,以及手术并发症等因素对手术早期死亡的影响。
第二部分为前瞻性研究,针对重庆地区患者体形小的特点,跟踪记录2002年01月至2005年06月期间,我院232例双瓣膜置换手术(DVR)的临床资料,研究主动脉瓣位植入小型号机械瓣的DVR手术中、后期心功能恢复情况。研究分三组:植入17mm
Background:
Rheumatic heart valve disease is one of the common heart diseases in China. Valve replacement is the most effective and reliable treatment for this disease at present. However, there is much controversy about combined aortic and mitral replacement, whose proportion is 30% in all the valve replacement surgeries, especially in patients with small aortic valve rings. Various postoperative median and long-term effects have been reported in patients with small aortic valve prothesis. Although outcome of valve replacement has been significantly improved as a result of progress in knowledge about heart valve disease, surgical skills, cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial protection technologies as well as prothesis engineering, the operation still causes mortality. Combined aortic and mitral valve replacement requires precise surgical skill and usually causes relatively high mortality. Low cardiac output syndrome is the main cause of mortality, which suggests insufficient myocardial protection during operation may result in myocardial injury besides underlying pathological changes of the disease. Retrograde cardioplegia via coronary sinus is frequently used to protect myocardium in combined aortic and mitral replacement, at present few clinical researches have been reported about the effect of this technique in patients with predominant aortic valve stenosis.
Objective:
1.Analyze risk factors of early death after heart valve replacement.
2.Observe effect of combined aortic and mitral valve replacement with small aortic valve mechanical prothesis, explore the possible factors affecting median and long-term outcome.
3.Investigate the best myocardial protective strategy in multiple valve disease patients with the main abnormay of aortic valve stenosis.
风湿性心脏瓣膜疾病是常见的心脏疾病,在我国发病率较高,目前,心脏瓣膜置换手术是治疗瓣膜疾病有效、可靠的治疗方法,其中,主动脉和二尖瓣双瓣膜置换术(DVR)占近30%,其手术难度大、危险性高,合并细小主动脉瓣环的处理更困难,争议较多。尽管随着对瓣膜疾病的认识水平、瓣膜置换技术、心肌保护技术、体外循环技术以及瓣膜工艺等的提高,瓣膜置换手术的成功率有较大提高,但仍存在一定的死亡率,约为1-5%,特别是DVR手术的死亡率还要高。死亡原因以低心输出综合征最常见,提示除了基础病变导致的心肌损伤外,还存在手术中心肌保护不完善的情况。目前DVR手术的心肌保护,多采用冠状静脉窦逆行灌注的心肌保护方法,而在主动脉瓣狭窄为主双瓣膜病变的病例中,采用该方法是否妥当,是否还有更完善的方法,目前尚不明确。
本研究旨在分析心脏瓣膜置换手术后早期死亡的危险因素,为临床防治提供参考;评估双瓣膜置换术中主动脉瓣位植入小型号机械瓣的疗效,并探讨影响中、远期疗效的因素,为临床应用小口径主动脉机械瓣提供理论依据;研究以主动脉瓣狭窄为主双瓣膜病变的病理特征和能量代谢状况,探寻主动脉瓣狭窄为主双瓣膜置换手术的更佳心肌保护措施。
研究方法:
第一部分为临床回顾性研究,应用Microsoft Access XP数据库和SPSS10.0统计软件,收集1998年01月至2004年05月我院1092例接受心脏瓣膜置换术患者的临床资料,用logistic回归分析模型,重点分析患者基础病变、手术方式、心肌保护方式、体外循环转流时间、阻断主动脉时间、血清损伤标志物,以及手术并发症等因素对手术早期死亡的影响。
第二部分为前瞻性研究,针对重庆地区患者体形小的特点,跟踪记录2002年01月至2005年06月期间,我院232例双瓣膜置换手术(DVR)的临床资料,研究主动脉瓣位植入小型号机械瓣的DVR手术中、后期心功能恢复情况。研究分三组:植入17mm
Background:
Rheumatic heart valve disease is one of the common heart diseases in China. Valve replacement is the most effective and reliable treatment for this disease at present. However, there is much controversy about combined aortic and mitral replacement, whose proportion is 30% in all the valve replacement surgeries, especially in patients with small aortic valve rings. Various postoperative median and long-term effects have been reported in patients with small aortic valve prothesis. Although outcome of valve replacement has been significantly improved as a result of progress in knowledge about heart valve disease, surgical skills, cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial protection technologies as well as prothesis engineering, the operation still causes mortality. Combined aortic and mitral valve replacement requires precise surgical skill and usually causes relatively high mortality. Low cardiac output syndrome is the main cause of mortality, which suggests insufficient myocardial protection during operation may result in myocardial injury besides underlying pathological changes of the disease. Retrograde cardioplegia via coronary sinus is frequently used to protect myocardium in combined aortic and mitral replacement, at present few clinical researches have been reported about the effect of this technique in patients with predominant aortic valve stenosis.
Objective:
1.Analyze risk factors of early death after heart valve replacement.
2.Observe effect of combined aortic and mitral valve replacement with small aortic valve mechanical prothesis, explore the possible factors affecting median and long-term outcome.
3.Investigate the best myocardial protective strategy in multiple valve disease patients with the main abnormay of aortic valve stenosis.
引文
1. Ennker J,Rosendahl U,Albert A,et al. Stentless bioprostheses in small aortic roots: impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on survival and quality of life [J]. J Heart Valv Dis, 2005,14(4): 523-530.
2. Albes JM,Hartrumpf M,Rudolph V,et al. Are mechanical valves with enhanced inner diameter advantageous in the small sized aortic annulus? [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2003,76(5): 1564-1570.
3. Natsuaki M,Itoh T,Okazaki Y,et al. St. Jude medical valve in patients with aortic stenosis and small aortic annulus on cardiac function and late survival result [J]. Artificial Organs,2002, 26(10):840-846.
4. 刘维永。心脏瓣膜外科的现状和发展趋势[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床志, 1999, 6(2):65-66。
5. 张宝仁,邹良建,徐志云,等。风湿性瓣膜病二尖瓣与主动脉瓣置换术 1154 例长期效果分析[J]。中华外科杂志,2003,41(4):243-246。
6. John S, Ravikumar E, John CN, et al. 25-year experience with 456 combined mitral and aortic valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2000, 69: 1167-1172.
7. Tominaga R,Kurisu K,Ochiai Y,et al. A 10-year experience with the carbomedics cardiac prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(30: 784-789.
8. Eery RW,Krogh CC,Arom KV,et al.The St. Jude medical cardiac valve prosthesis: a 25-year experience with single valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(3): 776-782.
9. Kang CH,Ahn H,Kim KH. Long-term result of 1144 CarboMedics mechanical valve implantations [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(6): 1939-1944.
10. Stefanidis C,Nana AM,De Cannière D,et al. 10-year experience with the ATS mechanical valve in the mitral position [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(6):1934-1938.
11. 汪曾炜,刘维永,张宝仁。心脏外科学[M]。北京,人民军医出版社,2003,1339-1342。
12. 王加利,李佳春,高长青,等。心脏瓣膜置换术中不同心肌灌注方法的研究[J]。军医进修学院学报,2003,24(2):152-154。
13. 张 希, 姚尖平, 熊 迈, 等。顺逆行结合灌注冷停搏液对心肌保护的作用[J]。中山医科大学学,2001,22(4): 264～266。
14. 吴海波,何学志,李继良,等。浅低温心脏不停跳瓣膜置换手术的生化学研究[J]。医师进修杂志(外科版),2005,28(6):13-15.
15. 肖颖彬,陈 林,王学锋,等。浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中心内直视手术 1032 例临床分析[J]。第三军医大学学报, 2001,23(5):502-504。
16. Cohen G,Borger MA,Weised RD, et al. Intraoperative myocardial protection : current trends and future perspectives [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1999, 68:1995-1999.
17. Borut Gersaik, Zeijko Sutlic. Aortic and mitral valve surgery on the beating heart is lowering cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2002,5(2):182-186.
18. 陈柏成,肖颖彬,陈 林,等。浅低温体外循环心脏不停跳瓣膜置换术 800 例临床分析[J]。心血管康复医学杂志,2004,13(4):345-348。
19. Toyama M,Usui A,Murayama H,et al. Beating mitral valve replacement for a patient with porcelain aorta [J].Jap J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2004,52(10):488-490.
20. Amarelli C, Della Corte A,Romano G,et al. Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement with 17-mm St Jude Medical mechanical prostheses in isolated aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(3): 512-517.
21. Penta de Peppo A,Zeitani J,Nardi P,et al. Small "functional" size after mechanical aortic valve replacement: no risk in young to middle-age patients [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(6):1915-1920.
22. Takahashi T,Hasegawa Y,Ohshima K,et al. Long-term follow-up after aortic valve replacement with a small aortic prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Cardiovas Surg: Official Journal Of The Association Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgeons Of Asia, 2005, 11(4): 245-248.
23. Paulis RD, Sommariva L, Matteis GMD, et al. Extent and pattern of regression of left ventricular hyertrophy in patients with small size carbomedics aortic valves [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1997,113(8):901-909.
24. Paulis RD, Sommariva L, Colagrande L, et al. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis with different valve substitutes [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998,116: 590-598.
25. Jose RGJ, Jose MGA, Marino VF, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheseson hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1996,112: 273-280.
26. Sawant D, Singh AK, Feng WC, et al. Nineteen millimeter aortic St.Jude medical heart valve prosthesis: up to sixteen years’follow-up [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997, 63: 964 -970.
27. Kratz JM, Sade RM, Crawford FA, et al. The risk of small St. Jude aortic valve prostheses [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1994, 57: 1114-1119.
28. Fuster RG,Montero Argudo JA, Albarova OG,et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch in aortic valve replacement: really tolerable? [J].Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg, 2005, 27(3): 441-449.
29. Koch CG,Khandwala F,Estafanous FG,et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient size on functional recovery after aortic valve replacement [J].Circ, 2005, 111(24): 3221-3229.
30. Botzenhardt F,Eichinger WB,Bleiziffer S,et al. Hemodynamic comparison of bioprostheses for complete supra-annular position in patients with small aortic annulus of 18 to 20 mm in diameter, J Am Colleg Cardiol. 2005, 45(2):2054-2060.
31. 柳克晔,陈英淳,尤 斌,等。重症风湿性心脏病瓣膜关闭不全的围术期处理[J]。中华胸心血管外科杂志,2003,19(1):25-28。
32. 张宝仁. 二尖瓣和主动脉瓣置换手术. 见: 张宝仁,朱家麟,主编.人造心脏瓣膜与瓣膜置换术(第二版). 北京:人民卫生出版社,1999. 353.。
33. Sim EKW, O rszulak TA, Schaff HV, et al. Influence of prosthesis size on change in left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement [J]. Eur J Cardio thorac Surg,1994,8(6):293-298。
34. Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Garcia-Acuna JM, Vega-Fernandez M, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,1996,12(2): 273-281。
35. Villari B, Vassalli G, Monrad ES, et al. Nor malization of diastolic dysfunction in aortic stenosis late after valve replacement [J]. Circ, 1995,91(9): 2353-2359。
36. Gonzalez Juanaey JR, Garcia Acuna JM, Vega Fernandez M, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prosthese on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implication for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac CardiovascSurg,1996,112(2): 273-280.
37. Gjertsson, Peter; Caidahl, Kenneth; Bech-Hanssen, Odd. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction late after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis [J]. American J Cardiol, 2005, 96(5): 722-727.
38. Okuyama H,Hashimoto K,Kurosawa H,et al. Midterm results of Manouguian double valve replacement: comparison with standard double valve replacement [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(4): 869-874.
39. 万亚红,张光休,程可洛,等。双瓣膜置换术中人工瓣膜的匹配[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2000,7(1):57-58。
40. 许传青,徐小虎,于晓军,等。心瓣膜置换术远期死亡因素的 Logistic 回归模型与分析[J]。北京生物医学工程,2005,24(1):13-15。
41. 陈 林,肖颖彬,王学锋,等。合并巨大左心房室瓣膜病的外科治疗[J]。中华外科杂志,2004, 42(4):252-253。
42. Tonguc E, Kestelli M, Ozsoyler I, et al. Limit of indication for plication of giant left atrium [J]. Asia Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, 2001,9(1): 24-26.
43. Baumgartner, H . What influences the outcome of valve replacement in critical aortic stenosis? [J]. Heart, 2005, 91(10): 1254-1256.
44. Vaidya R, Husain T, Ghosh PK. Spirometric changes after open mitral surgery [J]. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino),1996,37(30):295-300.
45. Nour MM, Mustafa KY, Mousa K, et al. Reversible airway obstruction in rheumatic mitral valve disease [J]. Respirology, 1998,3(1):25-31.
46. Shenkman Z, Shir Y, Weiss YG, et al. The effects of cardiac surgery on early and late pulmonary functions [J]. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , 1997 , 41(10):1193-1199.
47. Chandra A , Srivastava S , Dilip D. Spirometric changes following open-heart surgery on rheumatic mitral valves [J]. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 1998, 6(1): 28-33.
48. Polese G, Lubli P, Mazzucco A, et al。 Effects of open heart surgery on respiratory mechanical [J]. Intensive Care Med,1999, 25(10): 1092-1099。
49. 左景珍,于 昂,李卫民,等。702 例心脏瓣膜置换术及其主要并发症的临床分析[J]。中华外科杂志,2002,40(5):354-356。
50. Rho RW, Bridges CR,Kocovic D. Management of postoperative arrhythmias [J]. Seminars in Thorac Cardiovasr Surg, 2000,12:349-361.
51. Vaquette B,Corbineau H, Laurent M; et al. Valve replacement in patients with critical aortic stenosis and depressed left ventricular function: predictors of operative risk, left ventricular function recovery, and long term outcome [J]. Heart, 2005, 91(10):1324-1329.
52. Taylor Nyali E, O'Brien Sean, Edwards Fred H, et al. Relationship between race and mortality and morbidity after valve replacement surgery [J]. Circ,2005, 111(10): 1305-1312.
53. 陈 林,肖颖彬。心脏不停跳下心内直视手术的进展[J]。重庆医学,2003,32(5):607-609。
54. 赵康丽,虞 敏,刘 楠,等。心脏外科直视术后心律失常的发生率及其风险因素分析[J]。中华心律失常学杂志。2004,8(6):375-376。
55. 陈 林,肖颖彬,钟前进,等。心内直视手术后多脏器功能衰竭的危险因素与防治措施[J]。中国急救医学,2004,24(2):81-83。
56. Combes A, Troullet JL, Baudot J, et al. Is it possible to cure mediastinitis in patients with major postcardiac surgery complication [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001, 72(5): 1592–1597.
57. Rahimtoola SH. The problem of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch [J]. Circ, 1978, 58(1): 20-24.
58. Pibarot P,Dumesnil JG,Cartier PC,et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch can be predicted at the time of operation [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001,71(5): 964 -970.
59. Kawada N,Tanaka K. Nicks operation for aortic valve dysfunction with pannus formation; report of a case [J]. Jap J Thoracc Surg,2005,58(10): 929-933.
60. De Oliveira, NC,David TE,Armstrong S. Aortic and mitral valve replacement with reconstruction of the intervalvular fibrous body: an analysis of clinical outcomes [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005,129(2):286-290.
61. Castro LJ,Arcidi JMJ,Fisher AL et al. Routine enlargement of the small aortic root: a preventive strategy to minimize mismatch [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2002,74(1): 31-36.
62. Rao V,Jamieson WR,Ivanov J, et al. Prosthesis-patient mismatch affects survival after aortic valve replacement [J]. Circ,2000,102(9 Supplement 3):III5-III9.
63. Sommers KE, David TE. Aortic valve replacement with patch enlargement of the aortic annulus [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997, 63(6):1608-1612.
64. Arom KV, Goldenberg IF and Emery RW. Long-term clinical outcome with small size standard St. Jude Medical valves implanted in the aortic position [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 1994,3(5): 531–536.
65. Medalion B,Blackstone EH,Lytle BW,et al.Aortic valve replacement: is valve size important?[J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2000,119(5): 963-974.
66. Freed DH,Tam JW,Moon MC,et al. Nineteen-millimeter prosthetic aortic valves allow normalization of left ventricular mass in elderly women [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002, 74(6):2022-2025.
67. Yamasaki M,Sasaguri S,Hosoda Y,et al.Long-term results for aortic valve replacement with small aortic annulus [J]. Artificial Organs,2002, 26(5): 474-478.
68. Hanayama N, Cristakis GT, Mallidi HR, et al. Patient prosthesis mismatch is rare after aortic valve replacement: valve size may be irrelevant [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,73(6): 1056–1062.
69. Takai H,Yamachika S,Hazama S,et al. Consideration of prosthesis-patient mismatch and left ventricular mass regression after implantation of the Carpentier-Edwards perdicardial valve in elderly Japanese patients: body surface area may be irrelevant [J]. J Artificial Organs,2004,7(4):203-206.
70. Ismeno G, Renzulli A, De Feo M, et al. Standard versus hemodynamic plus 19-mm St Jude Medical aortic valves [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2001,121(5): 723-728.
71. He GW, Grunkemeier GL, Gately HL, et al. Up to thirty-year survival after aortic valve replacement in the small aortic root [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1995,59(5):1056-1062.
72. Knez I,Rienmüller R,Maier R,et al. Left ventricular architecture after valve replacement due to critical aortic stenosis: an approach to dis-/qualify the myth of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch? [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg,2001, 19(6): 797-805.
73. Ennker J,Rosendahl U,Albert A. Stentless bioprostheses in small aortic roots: impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on survival and quality of life [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2005, 14(4): 523-530.
74. Milano AD, Carlo MD,Mecozzi G,et al. Clinical outcome in patients with 19-mm and 21-mm St. Jude aortic prostheses: comparison at long-term follow-up [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2002,73(1):37-43.
75. Jose RGJ, Jose MGA, Marino VF, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1996,112: 273-280.
76. Khan SS,Siegel RJ,DeRobertis MA,et al. Regression of hypertrophy after Carpentier-Edwards pericardial aortic valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2000, 69(2):531-535.
77. Arata KI,Iguro Y,Masuda H,et al. Long-term follow up in patients receiving a small aortic valve prosthesis [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2002,11(6):780-784.
78. Natsuaki M,Toh T,Okazaki Y,et al. Influence of St. Jude medical valve in patients with aortic stenosis and small aortic annulus on cardiac function and late survival result [J]. Artificial Organs,2002,26,(10):840-846.
79. 饶 莉,张 庆,唐 红,等。主动脉瓣狭窄瓣膜置换术后瓣口大小对左室舒张功能和心肌重量的影响[J]。华西医大学报,2001,32(4): 624-626。
80. Stike PC,Edwards TJ,Stevan DG,et al.Functional hemodynamic assessment of the 21-mm and 23-mm CarboMedics Top Hat prosthetic valve [J].J Card Surg,1998,13(1):98-103.
81. Caus T,Rouviere P,Collart F,et al.late of double-valve replacement wuth biologic or mechanical prostheses [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2001,71(5 supple 1): s261-s264.
82. Banerjee P,Clark AL,Cleland GF, et al. Diastolic heart failure: a difficult problem in elderly [J]. AM J Geriater Cardiol,2004,13(1):16-21.
83. Khan S,Bess RL,Rosman HS, et al. Which echocaodiographic Doppler left ventricular diastolic function measurement are most feasible in the clinical echocardiographic laboratory [J]. AM J Cardiol, 2004,94(8):1099-1101.
84. Drry E, Willian J. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Lancet, 2004,363:9424-9429.
85. Hein S,Arnon E, Kostin S,et al. Progression from compensated hypertrophy to failure in the pressure-overloaded human heart: structural deterioration and compensatory mechanisms [J]. Circulation, 2003,107(7): 984-991.
86. 周俐红, 郭志坤. 兔心脏胶原纤维的组织学构筑及定量分析[J ]. 新乡医学院学报, 2002, 19(1): 16-18.
87. Ciulla MM,Paliotti R,Ferrero S,et al. Left ventricular remodeling after experimental myocardial cryoinjury in rats. J Surg Res, 2004, 116(1):91-97.
88. Talwalkar NG, Lawrie GM,Earle N, et al. Can retrograde cardioplegia alone provide adequate protection for cardiac valve surgery [J]. Chest,1999,115:135-139.
89. Tian G, Xiang B, Dai G, et al. The effects of retrograde cardioplegic technique on mgocardial perfusion and energe metabolism [J]. Thorac Cardiovasc surg,2000,120(3): 544-551.
90. 黄元鲁。冠状动脉顺心行灌注心脏不停跳主动脉瓣置换术的心肌保护[J]。广西医科大学学报,2004,21(1):82-83。
91. Chocron S, Kalli D, Yunsheng Y, et al. Intermediate warm antegrade intermittent blood cardioplegia compared with cold and warm blood cardioplegia [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2000,119(3):610-616.
92. Lajos TI, Esperson EC, Lajos PC, et al. Comparison of cold with warm cardioplegia crystalloid antegrade or retrograde blood [J]. Circulation, 1993, 88(2): 344-349.
93. Rueng SP,Buxton BF. Anatomic and hemodynamic considerations influencing the efficiency of retrograde cardioplegia [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2001,71(4):1389-1395.
94. Hirata N, Sakai K, Oh TM, et al. Assessment of myocardial distribution of retrograde and antegrade cardiop legik solution in the same patients [J]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 1997, 12(2):242-247.
95. Arom KV, Emery RW, Petersen RJ, et al. Evalution of 7000+ patients with two different routes of cardioplegia [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997,63(6): 1619-1624.
96. Tian G, Xiang B, Dai G, et al. Retrograde cardioplegia [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2003,125(4):872-880.
97. Carrier M, Leung TK, Solymoss BC, et al. Clinical trial of retrograde warm blood reperfusion versus standard cold topical irrigation of transplanted hearts [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1996,61(5):1310-1315.
98. 徐新根,殷凤珍,刁文瑜,等。冠状静脉窦逆行灌注对心肌保护的作用[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2002,9(1):58-59。
99. 刘海霞, 孙建全, 刘建华,等。冠状静脉窦逆行灌注的心肌保护方法的探讨[J]。中国体外循环杂志,2003,1(3):98-95。
100. Kulshrestha P,Rousou JA, Engelman RM, et al . Does warm blood retrograde cardioplegia preserve right ventricular function [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001,72: 1572-1575.
101. Tian G,Xiang B,Dai G,et al, Simultaneous antegrade/retrograde cardioplegia protects myocardium distal to a coronary occlusion: a study in isolated pig hearts [J]. Magn Reson MED,2001,46: 773-780.
102. Tehrani H,Masroor S,Lombardi P,et al. Beating heart aortic valve replacement in a pregnant patient [J].J Cardiac Surg, 2004,19(1):57-58.
103. 潘柏申。心脏标志物的临床应用[J]。中华检验医学杂志,2005,28(1):124-126。
104. Micheli A, Chávez E. Ischemia-reperfusion myocardial injury.Arch Cardiolog, 2003, 73(4):284-290.
105. Kuznetsov AV,Schneeberger S,Seiler RBG et al. Mitochondrial defects and heterogeneous cytochrome c release after cardiac cold ischemia and reperfusion [J]. AM J Physiol (Heart Circ Physiol), 2004, 286(5):H1633-H1641.
106. Bodor GS, Survant L, Voss EM, et al. Cardiac troponin T composition in normal and regenerating human skeletal muscle [J]. Clin Chem,1997,43(3):476-84.
107. Hirsch R, Dent CL, Wood MK, et al. Patterns and potential value of cardiac troponin I elevations after pediatric cardiac operations [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1998,65(5): 1394-1399.
108. Cook DJ. Changing temperature management for cardiopulmonary bypass [J].Anesth Analg,1999,88:1254-1271.
109. Piper HM,Dorado GD,Ovize M,et al.A fresh look at reperfusion injury [J]. Cardiovasc Res,1998,38(3):291-300.
110. 周骐,肖颖彬,陈林.逆灌浅低温氧合血心脏不停跳和冷血心脏麻痹液对心肌代谢影响的临床研究[J].创伤外科杂志,2003,5(2):114-117.
111. Levy JH,Tanaka KA. Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2003,75(2): S715-20.
112. 李福平,肖颖彬,高凌云.逆行灌注心脏不停跳心肌保护的实验研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2002,24(10):1208-1210.
113. Haisjackl M, Birnbaum J, Redlin M, et al. Splanchnic oxygen transplant and lactate metabolism during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in humans [J].Anesth Analg, 1998, 86(1):22-27.
114. Cavaliere F, Meo F, Scapigliati A, et al. Red blood cell energy metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass [J]. J Cardiovasc Surg,1999,40(6):653-657.
115. Munoz R, Laussen PC, Palacio G, et al.Changes in whole blood lactate levels during cardiopulmonary bypass for surgery for congenital cardiac disease:an early indicator of morbidity and moetality.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2000;119:155-162
116. Hashimoto K, Sasaki T, Hachiya T, et al. Influence of cardiopulmonary bypass temperature on circulatory pathophysiology and clinical outcomes [J].Jpn Circ J, 2000, 64(4):436-444.
117. Lehman JJ, Kelly DP. Transcriptional activation of energy metabolic switches in the developing and hypertrophied heart [J]. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2002, 29(4): 339-345.
118. Casademont J, Miro O. Electron transport chain defects in heart failure [J]. Heart Fail Rev, 2002,7(2):131-139.
119. Recchia FA , Mcconnell PI , Bernstein RD , et al. Reduced nitric oxide production and altered myocardial metabolism during the decompensation of pacing-induced heart failure in the conscious dog [J]. Circ Res, 1998, 83(10):969-979.
120. Razeghi P, Young ME,Alcorn JL,et al. Metabolic gene expression in fetal and failing human heart [J]. Circulation,2001,104(24):2923-2931.
121. Rosenblatt VN, Montessuit C, Papageorgiou I,et al. Post infarction heart failure in rats is associated with upregulation of GLUT-1 and downregulation of genes of fatty acid metabolism [J]. Cardiovasc Res, 2001,52(3):407-416.
122. Liu Q, Docherty JC,Rendell JCT, et al. High levels of fatty acids delay the recovery of intracellular pH and cardiac efficiency in post-ischemic hearts by inhibiting glucose oxidation [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2002,39(4):718-725.
123. Holmes JW,Borg TK,Covell JW. Structure and mechanics of healing myocardial infarcts. Ann Review Biomed Engineer, 2005,7(2): 223-253
124. Brasselet C , Durand E , Addad F,et al.Collagen and elastin cross-linking: a mechanism of constrictive remodeling after arterial injury [J].AM J Physio(Heart And Circ Physiol),2005,289(5): H2228-H2233.
1. Anselmi A,Abbate A,Girola F,et al. Myocardial ischemia, stunning, inflammation, and apoptosis during cardiac surgery: a review of evidence [J]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004, 25(3): 304-11.
2. Cohen G,Borger MA,Weised RD,et al. Intraoperative myocardial protection: current trends and future perspectives [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1999, 68(6): 1995-1998.
3. 肖颖彬,陈林,王学锋等.浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中心内直视手术 1032 例临床分析[J].第三军医大学学报,2001,23(5):502-504.
4. 陈林,肖颖彬。心脏不停跳下心内直视手术的进展[J]。重庆医学,2003,32(5):607-609。
5. Gulcan O,Turkoz R,Turkoz A,et al. On-pump/beating-heart myocardial protection for isolated or combined coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with severe left ventricle dysfunction: assessment of myocardial function and clinical outcome [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2005, 8(3): E178-E182.
6. Wan IYP, Arifi AA, Wan S,et al. Beating heart revascularization with or without cardiopulmonary bypass: evaluation of inflammatory response in a prospectiverandomized study [J]. J Thoracic-Cardio Surg, 2004, 127(6): 1624-1631.
7. J?rvinen O,Laurikka J, Tarkka MR. Off-pump versus on-pump coronary bypass. Comparison of patient characteristics and early outcomes [J]. J Cardio-Surg, 2003, 44(2): 167-172.
8. 何巍,林辉,陈铭伍等.心脏跳动中二尖瓣置换术[J].中华外科杂志,1996,34(6):67-68.
9. Batista RJ,Verde J,Nery P,et al. Partial left ventriculectomy to treat end-stage heart disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997, 64(3): 634-636.
10. Isomura T. The surgical treatment of dilated myocardiopathy [J]. J Card Surg, 1999, 14(2): 124-126.
11. Mickleborough, LL; Merchant, N; Ivanov, J; et al. Left ventricular reconstruction: Early and late results [J]. J Thoracic-Cardio Surg,2004, 128(1):27-37.
12. Thompson M.J,Behranwala A,Campanella C,et al. Immediate and long-term results of mitral prosthetic replacement using a right thoracotomy beating heart technique [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg,2003,24:47-51.
13. Kaplon RJ,Pham SM,Salerno TA. Beating-heart valvular surgery: a possible alternative for patients with severely compromised ventricular function [J]. J Cardiac Surg, 2002,17(2): 170-172.
14. Bedi HS,Singh RP,Goel V. Mitral valve replacement on a beating heart [J].Indian Heart J, 2003, 55(4):370-372.
15. Ueda T,Kawata T,Sakaguchi H,et al. Aortic valve replacement in a patient with a patent internal thoracic artery graft [J]. Ann Thoracic Surg, 2004, 77(2): 718-720.
16. Tehrani H,Masroor S,Lombardi P,et al. Beating heart aortic valve replacement in a pregnant patient [J].J Cardiac Surg, 2004,19(1):57-58.
17. Gersak, B. A technique for aortic valve replacement on the beating heart with continuous retrograde coronary sinus perfusion with warm oxygenated blood [J]. Ann Thoracic Surg, 2003, 769(4):1312-1314.
18. Gersak B,Sutlic Z. Aortic and mitral valve surgery on the beating heart is lowering cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2002, 5(2): 182-186.
19. Sutherland FW,West M,Pathi V,et al. Aortic valve replacement with continuouslyperfused beating heart in patients with patent bypass conduits [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg,2004,26(4):834-836.
20. Tamura K,Nomura F,Mukai S,et al. Combined aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting with in situ arterial grafts for porcelain aorta [J]. Ann Thoracic Cardio Surg: Official Journal Of The Association Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgeons Of Asia, 2003,9(3): 206-208.
21. Toyama M,Usui A,Murayama H,et al. Beating mitral valve replacement for a patient with porcelain aorta [J]. Jap Thoracic-Cardio Surg, 2004, 52(10): 488-490.
22. Ghosh S,Jutley RS,Wraighte P,et al. Beating-heart mitral valve surgery in patients with poor left ventricular function [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2004,13(4): 622-627.
23. Kumano H,Fumimoto K,Fujii H,et al. Beating heart surgery for ischemic mitral regurgitation: report of a case [J]. Jap J Thoracic Surg, 2005, 58(3): 232-234.
24. Prifti E,Bonacchi M,Giunti G,et al. Beating heart ischemic mitral valve repair and coronary revascularization in patients with impaired left ventricular function [J]. J Cardiac Surg,2003,18(5): 375-383.
25. Benussi S. Treatment of atrial fibrillation [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thoracic Surg, 2004,26(1): S39-S41.
26. 刘梅,肖颖彬,陈林等. 瓣膜置换术中心脏停跳和不停跳体外循环比较[J]. 第三军医大学学报,2000,22(4):385-387.
27. 胡萍,许寥梅,张春芳等.不停跳心内直视术的体外循环管理[J].中国现代医学杂志,2003,13(23):93-94.
28. 陈柏成,肖颖彬,陈林等.浅低温体外循环不停跳瓣膜置换术 800 例临床分析[J].心血管康复医学杂志,2004,13(4):345-348.
29. Stephen P,Nighswander-Rempel R,Anthony Shaw.Mapping tissue oxygenation in the beating heart with near-infrared spectroscopic imaging [J].Vibrational Spectroscopy,2003,32 (1):85–94..
30. Masroor S,Tehrani H,Salerno TA. Beating heart valvular surgery [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2003,76(3): 973-978.
31. Prifti E,Bonacchi M,Giunti G.Beating heart ischemic mitral valve repair and coronary revascularization in patients with impaired left ventricular function [J]. J Card Surg,2003,18(5): 375-83.
32. 张海洲,薛涛,范全心.心脏跳动下手术对心肌保护作用的临床研究[J].中国体外循环杂志,2003,1(4):198-201.
33. 周骐,肖颖彬,陈林.逆灌浅低温氧合血心脏不停跳和冷血心脏麻痹液对心肌代谢影响的临床研究[J].创伤外科杂志,2003,5(2):114-117.
34. 李福平,肖颖彬,高凌云.逆行灌注心脏不停跳心肌保护的实验研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2002,24(10):1208-1210.
35. 陈林,肖颖彬,王学峰等.浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中手术矫治先心病合并重度肺动脉高压[J] .第三军医大学学报,2001,23(5):505.
36. 向道康,阎兴治,杨世虞.心脏不停跳心内直视手术与神经元损伤[J].中华胸心血管外科杂志,2002,18,(4):220-222.
37. 王咏,肖颖彬,陈林.心脏不停跳心内直视手术对血浆 NSE 和 S-100b 及脑电图的影响[J].第三军医大学学报,2003,25(18):1652-1655.
38. Levy JH,Tanaka KA. Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2003,75(2):S715-20.
39. 康敢军,毛志福,高尚志.浅低温体外循环心脏不停跳法围术期细胞因子改变及其意义[J].中华实验外科杂志,2003,20(9):791.
40. 陈林,肖颖彬,王学峰等.先心病心脏不停跳下心内直视手术(附 555 例报告) [J].心肺血管病杂志,2001,20(1):6-8.
41. Toyama M,Usui A,Murayama H,et al. Beating mitral valve replacement for a patient with porcelain aorta [J].Jap J Thorac Cardio Surg, 2004, 52(10):488-490.
42. Ramphal PS,Irvine RW,Wierenga A,et al. Initial experience with beating-heart single valve replacement surgery at the University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica [J]. West Indian Med, 2004, 53(2): 109-112.
43. Matsumoto Y,Watanabe G,Endo M,et al. Efficacy and safety of on-pump beating heart surgery for valvular disease [J]. Ann Thoracic Surg, 2002, 74(3):678-683.
1. 刘维永。心脏瓣膜外科的现状和发展趋势[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床志, 1999, 6(2):65-66。
2. Tirone ED,Joan I,Sue A,et al. Late results of Heart Valve Replacement With The Hancock II Bioprosthesis[J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg. 2001,121: 268-278.
3. John S, Ravikumar E, John CN, et al. 25-year experience with 456 combined mitral and aortic valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2000, 69: 1167-1172.
4. Van NG,Ozaki S,Herijgers P. Distortion of The Stentless Porcine Valve Induces Accelerated Leaflet Fibrosis and Calcification in Juvenile Sheep [J]. J Heart Valve Dis. 1999; 8(1):34-41.
5. Devereux RB, lonso DR,Lutas EM, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy comparison to necropsy findings [J]. Am J Cardiol 57 (1986), 450–458.
6. Paraskos JA. Combined valvular disease [M]. In: Alpert JS, Dalen JE, RahimtoolaSH,eds. Valvular heart disease. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins, 2000,291-338.
7. Bech-Hanssen O, Wallentin I, Larsson S, et al. Reference Doppler echocardiographic values for St. Jude Medical, Omnicarbon, and Biocor prosthetic valves in the aortic position [J]. J Am Soc Echocardio, 1998, 11(5): 466-477.
8. 吴建淮,李小寒,游向东,等。经皮球囊导管二尖瓣成形术治疗风湿性二尖瓣狭窄的临床疗效[J]。中华心血管病杂志 2000.04.28; 28(2): 117-119.
9. Kang CH,Ahn H,Kim KH. Long-term result of 1144 CarboMedics mechanical valve implantations [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(6): 1939-1944.
10. Vaquette B,Corbineau H,Laurent M,et al. Valve replacement in patients with critical aortic stenosis and depressed left ventricular function: predictors of operative risk, left ventricular function recovery, and long term outcome [J].Heart, 2005, 91(10): 1324-1329.
11. Dalrymple-Hay MJ, Pearce R, Dawkins S, et al. A single-center experience with 1378 CarboMedics mechanical valve implants [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2000, 69: 457-463.
12. Tominaga R,Kurisu K,Ochiai Y,et al. A 10-year experience with the carbomedics cardiac prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(30: 784-789.
13. Eery RW,Krogh CC,Arom KV,et al. The St. Jude medical cardiac valve prosthesis: a 25-year experience with single valve replacement [J].Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(3): 776-782.
14. Jamieson WE, Edwards FH, Schwartz M, et al. Risk stratification for cardiac valve replacement: National Cardiac Surgery Database [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1999, 67(4): 943-951.
15. Aramendi JI,Mestres CA.Triflusal versus oral anticoagulation for primary prevention of thromboembolism after bioprosthetic valve replacement: prospective, randomized, co-operative trial [J]. Europ J Cardio Thorac Surg, 2005, 27(5): 854-860.
16. Rao V, Christakis GT, Sever J, et al. Anovel comparison of stentless versus stented valves in the small aortic root [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 1999,117 :431-438.
17. Christopher JKC,Ronald CE,Kathylee S,et al. Aortic Valve Replacement: comparison of Late Survival Between Autografts and Homografts [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2000,69: 1327-1332.
18. El SF,Hassan W,Latroche B,et al. Pregnancy has no effect on the rate of structuraldeterioration of bioprosthetic valves: long-term 18-year follow up results [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2005, 14(4): 481-485.
19. Toker ME,Kirali K,Balkanay M,et al. Operative mortality after valvular reoperations [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2005, 8(4):E280-E283.
20. Potter DD,Sundt TM,Zehr KJ,et al. Operative risk of reoperative aortic valve replacement [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(1): 94-103.
21. Sodian R , Hoerstrup SP , Sperling JS , et al. Eary in Vivo Experience With Tissue-Engineered Trileaflet Heart Valves [J]. Circ,2000,102(19 suppl 3): 22-29.
22. Terrence MY,Yasser AF,Suan A,et al. Mitral Valve Repair and Replacment for Rheumatic Disease [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg. 2000,119(1): 53-61.
23. Prifti E, Bonacchi M, Giunti G. Beating heart ischemic mitral valve repair and coronary revascularization in patients with impaired left ventricular function [J]. J Card Surg,2003,18(5): 375-83.
24. Tweddell JS,Pelech AN,Jaquiss RDB, et al. Aortic valve repair [J]. Pedia Cardiac Surg Annals, 2005, 23(2): 112-121
25. Shin HJ,Lee YJ,Choo SJ,et al. Analysis of recurrent mitral regurgitation after mitral valve repair [J].Asian Cardiovas-Thorac Annals, 2005,13(3): 261-266.
26. 张宝仁,邹良建,徐志云,等。风湿性瓣膜病二尖瓣与主动脉瓣置换术 1154 例长期效果分析[J]。中华外科杂志,2003,41(2):243-246。
27. Yasushi M, Go W, Masamitsu E. Efficacy and Safety of On-Pump Beating Heart Surgery for Valvular Disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2002,74(4):678–83.
28. Thompson MJ, Behranwala A, Campanella C, et al. Immediate and long-term results of mitral prosthetic replacement using a right thoracotomy beating heart technique [J]. Eur J Cardio-thoracic Surg,2003, 24(1): 47–51.
29. Sutherland FW, West M, Pathi V, et al. Aortic valve replacement with continuously perfused beating heart in patients with patent bypass conduits [J]. Eur J Cardio-thorac Surg,2004,26(4): 834-6.
30. 陈柏成,肖颖彬,陈 林,等。浅低温体外循环心脏不停跳瓣膜置换术 800 例临床分析[J]。心血管康复医学杂志,2004,13(4):345-348。
31. Ghosh S, Jutley RS, Wraighte P, et al. Beating-heart mitral valve surgery in patients with poor left ventricular function [J].J Heart Valve Dis,2004,13(4): 622-627.
32. Masroor S, Tehrani H, Salerno TA. Beating heart valvular surgery [J]. Ann ThoracSurg,2003,76(3): 973-978.
33. 肖颖彬,陈林,王学锋等.浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中心内直视手术 1032 例临床分析[J].第三军医大学学报,2001,23(5):502-504.
34. 陈林,肖颖彬。心脏不停跳下心内直视手术的进展[J]。重庆医学,2003,32(5):607-609。
35. Arom KV,Emery RW,Kshettry VR,Dubois-KA.Evaluation of two new heart valve surgery techniques: partial sternotomy and port-access approaches [J]. Eur J Cardio-thorac Surg,1999,16(Suppl): S99-102.
36. Lillihei CW. Value of p reserving cho rdal integrity both experimental and clinical data [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 1963, 46(4):494-495.
37. Hetzer R, Bougioukas G, Frenz M, et al. MVR with preservation of papillarymuscle and chordae tendineae-revival of a seemingly for gotten concept [J]. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1983,(4):291-296.
38. Agaard J, Anderson NH, Lerbijerg G, et al. MVR w ith total preservation of native and subvalvular apparatus [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 1997, 6(3)∶274-277.
39. Borger MA,Yau TM,Rao Vivek,et al. Reoperative mitral valve replacement: importance of preservation of the subvalvular apparatus [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,74(5): 1482-1487.
40. Wasir H,Choudhary SK,Airan B,et al. Mitral valve replacement with chordal preservation in a rheumatic population [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2001, 10(1): 84-89.
41. Wu ZK,Sun PW,Zhang X,et al. Superiority of mitral valve replacement with preservation of subvalvular structure to conventional replacement in severe rheumatic mitral valve disease: a modified technique and results of one-year follow up [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2000,9(5):616-622.
42. Mitral valve replacement with preservation of the subvalvular apparatus [J]. Reardon MJ; David TE. Current Opinion In Cardiology, 1999, 14(2):104-110.
43. Choh JH. Preservation of anterior and posterior leaflet in mitral vavle replacement with a tilting-dis valve [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997,64(1):271-273.
44. Rietman GW, Maaten JAV, Douglas YL,et al. Echocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after mitral valve replacement with subvalvular preservation [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg, 2002, 22(5): 825-827.
45. Yun KL, Sintek CF, Miller DC, et al. Randomized trial comparing partial versuscomplete chordal-sparing mitral valve replacement: Effects on left ventricular volume and function [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2002,123(4):707-714.
46. Chowdhury UK,Kumar AS,Airan B,et al. Mitral valve replacement with and without chordal preservation in a rheumatic population: serial echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular size and function [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(6): 1926-1933.
47. Gillinov AM,Blackstone EH,Cosgrove DM, et al. Mitral valve repair with aortic valve replacement is superior to double valve replacement [J].J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2003, 125(6):1372-1387.
48. Hamamoto M,Bando K,Kobayashi J,et al. Durability and outcome of aortic valve replacement with mitral valve repair versus double valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2003,75(1): 28-33.
49. Barreiro CJ,Patel ND,Fitton TP,et al. Aortic valve replacement and concomitant mitral valve regurgitation in the elderly: impact on survival and functional outcome [J]. Circ, 2005,112(9s):I443-I447.
50. Ho HQT,Nguyen VP,Phan KP,et al. Mitral valve repair with aortic valve replacement in rheumatic heart disease [J]. Asian Cardiovas-Thorac Annals, 2004, 12(4): 341-345.
51. Grinda JM,Latremouille C,Berrebi AJ,et al. Aortic cusp extension valvuloplasty for rheumatic aortic valve disease: midterm results [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,74(2): 438-443.
52. Masters RG,Rubens FD,Bédard PJ,et al. Late incidence and determinants of stroke after aortic and mitral valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2004, 78(1): 77-83.
53. Remadi JP and Duveau D. Long-term results of mechanical valve replacement: isolated mitral valve replacement and mitral-aortic valve replacement [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2004,13(Suppl):S26.
54. Borez JS, Hoch reiter C, Herro ld EM, et al. Prediction of indications for valve replacement among asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic patients with chronic aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular performance. Circ, 1998, 97(6)∶525-534.
55. Lund O, Emmertsen K, Nielsen TT, et al. Impact of size mismatch and left ventricular function on performance of the St. Jude disc valve after aortic valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997,63(6):1227-1234.
56. Fuster RG,Montero Argudo JA,Albarova OG,et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch inaortic valve replacement: really tolerable? [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg, 2005, 27(3):441-449.
57. Koch CG,Khandwala F,Estafanous FG,et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient size on functional recovery after aortic valve replacement [J]. Circ, 2005, 111(24):3221-3229.
58. 万亚红,张光休,程可洛,等。双瓣膜置换术中人工瓣膜的匹配[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2000,7(1):57-58。
59. Penta de Peppo A,Zeitani J,Nardi P,et al. Small "functional" size after mechanical aortic valve replacement: no risk in young to middle-age patients [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(6):1915-1920.
60. Frather R. Tricuspid insufficiency [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2001, 122: 427-429.
61. Porter A, Shapira Y, Wurzel M, et al. Tricuspid regurgitation later after mitral valve replacement: clinical and echocardiographic evaluation [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 1999,8: 57-62.
62. Henein MY, O'Sullivan CA, Li W, et al. Evidence for rheumatic valve disease in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation long after mitral valve surgery: the role of
3D echo reconstruction [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2003,12(5): 566-572.
63. Christakis GT and Goldman BS. Do small aortic valves influence long-term survival? [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997,63(4): 933–934.
64. Amarelli C,Della CA,Romano G,et al. Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement with 17-mm St Jude Medical mechanical prostheses in isolated aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(3): 512-517.
65. Takahashi T,Hasegawa Y,Ohshima K,et al. Long-term follow-up after aortic valve replacement with a small aortic prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 11(4): 245-248.
66. Rahimtoola SH.The problem of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch [J]. Circ, 1978, 58(1): 20-24.
67. Sommers KE, David TE. Aortic valve replacement with patch enlargement of the aotic annulus [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997, 63(6):1608-1612.
68. Okuyama H,Hashimoto K,Kurosawa H,et al. Midterm results of Manouguian double valve replacement: comparison with standard double valve replacement [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(4): 869-874.
69. De Oliveira NC,David TE,Armstrong S,Ivanov J. Aortic and mitral valve replacementwith reconstruction of the intervalvular fibrous body: an analysis of clinical outcomes [J].J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005,129(2):286-290.
70. 吴洪斌,胡盛寿,祁国奇,等。小瓣环主动脉瓣替换手术的策略[J].中华外科杂志,2003,41(4):247-249。
71. Paulis RD, Sommariva L, Colagrande L, et al. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis with different valve substitutes [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998,116: 590-598.
72. 饶 莉,张 庆,唐 红,等。主动脉瓣狭窄瓣膜置换术后瓣口大小对左室舒张功能和心肌重量的影响[J]。华西医大学报,2001,32(4): 624-626。
73. Sim EKW, Orszulak TA, Schaff HV, et al. Influence of prosthesis size on change in left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement [J]. Eur J Cardio thorac Surg,1994,8(6):293-298。
74. Gonzalez Juanaey JR, Garcia Acuna JM, Vega Fernandez M, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prosthese on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implication for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,1996,112(2): 273-280.
75. Villari B, Vassalli G, Betocchi S, et al. Normalization of left ventricular nonuniformity late after valve replacement for aortic stenosis[J]. Am J Cardio, 1996, 78(1):66–71.
76. Sawant D, Singh AK, Feng WC, et al. Nineteen millimeter aortic St.Jude medical heart valve prosthesis: up to sixteen years’follow-up [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997, 63: 964 -970.
77. Kratz JM, Sade RM, Crawford FA, et al. The risk of small St. Jude aortic valve prostheses [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1994, 57:1114-1119.
78. 丁芳宝,梅举,张宝仁,等。主动脉瓣环窄小的二尖瓣和主动脉瓣联合置换术[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2003, 10(3):213-214。
79. Jose RGJ, Jose MGA, Marino VF, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1996,112: 273-280.
2. Albes JM,Hartrumpf M,Rudolph V,et al. Are mechanical valves with enhanced inner diameter advantageous in the small sized aortic annulus? [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2003,76(5): 1564-1570.
3. Natsuaki M,Itoh T,Okazaki Y,et al. St. Jude medical valve in patients with aortic stenosis and small aortic annulus on cardiac function and late survival result [J]. Artificial Organs,2002, 26(10):840-846.
4. 刘维永。心脏瓣膜外科的现状和发展趋势[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床志, 1999, 6(2):65-66。
5. 张宝仁,邹良建,徐志云,等。风湿性瓣膜病二尖瓣与主动脉瓣置换术 1154 例长期效果分析[J]。中华外科杂志,2003,41(4):243-246。
6. John S, Ravikumar E, John CN, et al. 25-year experience with 456 combined mitral and aortic valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2000, 69: 1167-1172.
7. Tominaga R,Kurisu K,Ochiai Y,et al. A 10-year experience with the carbomedics cardiac prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(30: 784-789.
8. Eery RW,Krogh CC,Arom KV,et al.The St. Jude medical cardiac valve prosthesis: a 25-year experience with single valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(3): 776-782.
9. Kang CH,Ahn H,Kim KH. Long-term result of 1144 CarboMedics mechanical valve implantations [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(6): 1939-1944.
10. Stefanidis C,Nana AM,De Cannière D,et al. 10-year experience with the ATS mechanical valve in the mitral position [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(6):1934-1938.
11. 汪曾炜,刘维永,张宝仁。心脏外科学[M]。北京,人民军医出版社,2003,1339-1342。
12. 王加利,李佳春,高长青,等。心脏瓣膜置换术中不同心肌灌注方法的研究[J]。军医进修学院学报,2003,24(2):152-154。
13. 张 希, 姚尖平, 熊 迈, 等。顺逆行结合灌注冷停搏液对心肌保护的作用[J]。中山医科大学学,2001,22(4): 264～266。
14. 吴海波,何学志,李继良,等。浅低温心脏不停跳瓣膜置换手术的生化学研究[J]。医师进修杂志(外科版),2005,28(6):13-15.
15. 肖颖彬,陈 林,王学锋,等。浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中心内直视手术 1032 例临床分析[J]。第三军医大学学报, 2001,23(5):502-504。
16. Cohen G,Borger MA,Weised RD, et al. Intraoperative myocardial protection : current trends and future perspectives [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1999, 68:1995-1999.
17. Borut Gersaik, Zeijko Sutlic. Aortic and mitral valve surgery on the beating heart is lowering cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2002,5(2):182-186.
18. 陈柏成,肖颖彬,陈 林,等。浅低温体外循环心脏不停跳瓣膜置换术 800 例临床分析[J]。心血管康复医学杂志,2004,13(4):345-348。
19. Toyama M,Usui A,Murayama H,et al. Beating mitral valve replacement for a patient with porcelain aorta [J].Jap J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2004,52(10):488-490.
20. Amarelli C, Della Corte A,Romano G,et al. Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement with 17-mm St Jude Medical mechanical prostheses in isolated aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(3): 512-517.
21. Penta de Peppo A,Zeitani J,Nardi P,et al. Small "functional" size after mechanical aortic valve replacement: no risk in young to middle-age patients [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(6):1915-1920.
22. Takahashi T,Hasegawa Y,Ohshima K,et al. Long-term follow-up after aortic valve replacement with a small aortic prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Cardiovas Surg: Official Journal Of The Association Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgeons Of Asia, 2005, 11(4): 245-248.
23. Paulis RD, Sommariva L, Matteis GMD, et al. Extent and pattern of regression of left ventricular hyertrophy in patients with small size carbomedics aortic valves [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1997,113(8):901-909.
24. Paulis RD, Sommariva L, Colagrande L, et al. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis with different valve substitutes [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998,116: 590-598.
25. Jose RGJ, Jose MGA, Marino VF, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheseson hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1996,112: 273-280.
26. Sawant D, Singh AK, Feng WC, et al. Nineteen millimeter aortic St.Jude medical heart valve prosthesis: up to sixteen years’follow-up [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997, 63: 964 -970.
27. Kratz JM, Sade RM, Crawford FA, et al. The risk of small St. Jude aortic valve prostheses [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1994, 57: 1114-1119.
28. Fuster RG,Montero Argudo JA, Albarova OG,et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch in aortic valve replacement: really tolerable? [J].Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg, 2005, 27(3): 441-449.
29. Koch CG,Khandwala F,Estafanous FG,et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient size on functional recovery after aortic valve replacement [J].Circ, 2005, 111(24): 3221-3229.
30. Botzenhardt F,Eichinger WB,Bleiziffer S,et al. Hemodynamic comparison of bioprostheses for complete supra-annular position in patients with small aortic annulus of 18 to 20 mm in diameter, J Am Colleg Cardiol. 2005, 45(2):2054-2060.
31. 柳克晔,陈英淳,尤 斌,等。重症风湿性心脏病瓣膜关闭不全的围术期处理[J]。中华胸心血管外科杂志,2003,19(1):25-28。
32. 张宝仁. 二尖瓣和主动脉瓣置换手术. 见: 张宝仁,朱家麟,主编.人造心脏瓣膜与瓣膜置换术(第二版). 北京:人民卫生出版社,1999. 353.。
33. Sim EKW, O rszulak TA, Schaff HV, et al. Influence of prosthesis size on change in left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement [J]. Eur J Cardio thorac Surg,1994,8(6):293-298。
34. Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Garcia-Acuna JM, Vega-Fernandez M, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,1996,12(2): 273-281。
35. Villari B, Vassalli G, Monrad ES, et al. Nor malization of diastolic dysfunction in aortic stenosis late after valve replacement [J]. Circ, 1995,91(9): 2353-2359。
36. Gonzalez Juanaey JR, Garcia Acuna JM, Vega Fernandez M, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prosthese on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implication for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac CardiovascSurg,1996,112(2): 273-280.
37. Gjertsson, Peter; Caidahl, Kenneth; Bech-Hanssen, Odd. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction late after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis [J]. American J Cardiol, 2005, 96(5): 722-727.
38. Okuyama H,Hashimoto K,Kurosawa H,et al. Midterm results of Manouguian double valve replacement: comparison with standard double valve replacement [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(4): 869-874.
39. 万亚红,张光休,程可洛,等。双瓣膜置换术中人工瓣膜的匹配[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2000,7(1):57-58。
40. 许传青,徐小虎,于晓军,等。心瓣膜置换术远期死亡因素的 Logistic 回归模型与分析[J]。北京生物医学工程,2005,24(1):13-15。
41. 陈 林,肖颖彬,王学锋,等。合并巨大左心房室瓣膜病的外科治疗[J]。中华外科杂志,2004, 42(4):252-253。
42. Tonguc E, Kestelli M, Ozsoyler I, et al. Limit of indication for plication of giant left atrium [J]. Asia Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, 2001,9(1): 24-26.
43. Baumgartner, H . What influences the outcome of valve replacement in critical aortic stenosis? [J]. Heart, 2005, 91(10): 1254-1256.
44. Vaidya R, Husain T, Ghosh PK. Spirometric changes after open mitral surgery [J]. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino),1996,37(30):295-300.
45. Nour MM, Mustafa KY, Mousa K, et al. Reversible airway obstruction in rheumatic mitral valve disease [J]. Respirology, 1998,3(1):25-31.
46. Shenkman Z, Shir Y, Weiss YG, et al. The effects of cardiac surgery on early and late pulmonary functions [J]. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , 1997 , 41(10):1193-1199.
47. Chandra A , Srivastava S , Dilip D. Spirometric changes following open-heart surgery on rheumatic mitral valves [J]. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 1998, 6(1): 28-33.
48. Polese G, Lubli P, Mazzucco A, et al。 Effects of open heart surgery on respiratory mechanical [J]. Intensive Care Med,1999, 25(10): 1092-1099。
49. 左景珍,于 昂,李卫民,等。702 例心脏瓣膜置换术及其主要并发症的临床分析[J]。中华外科杂志,2002,40(5):354-356。
50. Rho RW, Bridges CR,Kocovic D. Management of postoperative arrhythmias [J]. Seminars in Thorac Cardiovasr Surg, 2000,12:349-361.
51. Vaquette B,Corbineau H, Laurent M; et al. Valve replacement in patients with critical aortic stenosis and depressed left ventricular function: predictors of operative risk, left ventricular function recovery, and long term outcome [J]. Heart, 2005, 91(10):1324-1329.
52. Taylor Nyali E, O'Brien Sean, Edwards Fred H, et al. Relationship between race and mortality and morbidity after valve replacement surgery [J]. Circ,2005, 111(10): 1305-1312.
53. 陈 林,肖颖彬。心脏不停跳下心内直视手术的进展[J]。重庆医学,2003,32(5):607-609。
54. 赵康丽,虞 敏,刘 楠,等。心脏外科直视术后心律失常的发生率及其风险因素分析[J]。中华心律失常学杂志。2004,8(6):375-376。
55. 陈 林,肖颖彬,钟前进,等。心内直视手术后多脏器功能衰竭的危险因素与防治措施[J]。中国急救医学,2004,24(2):81-83。
56. Combes A, Troullet JL, Baudot J, et al. Is it possible to cure mediastinitis in patients with major postcardiac surgery complication [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001, 72(5): 1592–1597.
57. Rahimtoola SH. The problem of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch [J]. Circ, 1978, 58(1): 20-24.
58. Pibarot P,Dumesnil JG,Cartier PC,et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch can be predicted at the time of operation [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001,71(5): 964 -970.
59. Kawada N,Tanaka K. Nicks operation for aortic valve dysfunction with pannus formation; report of a case [J]. Jap J Thoracc Surg,2005,58(10): 929-933.
60. De Oliveira, NC,David TE,Armstrong S. Aortic and mitral valve replacement with reconstruction of the intervalvular fibrous body: an analysis of clinical outcomes [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005,129(2):286-290.
61. Castro LJ,Arcidi JMJ,Fisher AL et al. Routine enlargement of the small aortic root: a preventive strategy to minimize mismatch [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2002,74(1): 31-36.
62. Rao V,Jamieson WR,Ivanov J, et al. Prosthesis-patient mismatch affects survival after aortic valve replacement [J]. Circ,2000,102(9 Supplement 3):III5-III9.
63. Sommers KE, David TE. Aortic valve replacement with patch enlargement of the aortic annulus [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997, 63(6):1608-1612.
64. Arom KV, Goldenberg IF and Emery RW. Long-term clinical outcome with small size standard St. Jude Medical valves implanted in the aortic position [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 1994,3(5): 531–536.
65. Medalion B,Blackstone EH,Lytle BW,et al.Aortic valve replacement: is valve size important?[J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2000,119(5): 963-974.
66. Freed DH,Tam JW,Moon MC,et al. Nineteen-millimeter prosthetic aortic valves allow normalization of left ventricular mass in elderly women [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002, 74(6):2022-2025.
67. Yamasaki M,Sasaguri S,Hosoda Y,et al.Long-term results for aortic valve replacement with small aortic annulus [J]. Artificial Organs,2002, 26(5): 474-478.
68. Hanayama N, Cristakis GT, Mallidi HR, et al. Patient prosthesis mismatch is rare after aortic valve replacement: valve size may be irrelevant [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,73(6): 1056–1062.
69. Takai H,Yamachika S,Hazama S,et al. Consideration of prosthesis-patient mismatch and left ventricular mass regression after implantation of the Carpentier-Edwards perdicardial valve in elderly Japanese patients: body surface area may be irrelevant [J]. J Artificial Organs,2004,7(4):203-206.
70. Ismeno G, Renzulli A, De Feo M, et al. Standard versus hemodynamic plus 19-mm St Jude Medical aortic valves [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2001,121(5): 723-728.
71. He GW, Grunkemeier GL, Gately HL, et al. Up to thirty-year survival after aortic valve replacement in the small aortic root [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1995,59(5):1056-1062.
72. Knez I,Rienmüller R,Maier R,et al. Left ventricular architecture after valve replacement due to critical aortic stenosis: an approach to dis-/qualify the myth of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch? [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg,2001, 19(6): 797-805.
73. Ennker J,Rosendahl U,Albert A. Stentless bioprostheses in small aortic roots: impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on survival and quality of life [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2005, 14(4): 523-530.
74. Milano AD, Carlo MD,Mecozzi G,et al. Clinical outcome in patients with 19-mm and 21-mm St. Jude aortic prostheses: comparison at long-term follow-up [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2002,73(1):37-43.
75. Jose RGJ, Jose MGA, Marino VF, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1996,112: 273-280.
76. Khan SS,Siegel RJ,DeRobertis MA,et al. Regression of hypertrophy after Carpentier-Edwards pericardial aortic valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2000, 69(2):531-535.
77. Arata KI,Iguro Y,Masuda H,et al. Long-term follow up in patients receiving a small aortic valve prosthesis [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2002,11(6):780-784.
78. Natsuaki M,Toh T,Okazaki Y,et al. Influence of St. Jude medical valve in patients with aortic stenosis and small aortic annulus on cardiac function and late survival result [J]. Artificial Organs,2002,26,(10):840-846.
79. 饶 莉,张 庆,唐 红,等。主动脉瓣狭窄瓣膜置换术后瓣口大小对左室舒张功能和心肌重量的影响[J]。华西医大学报,2001,32(4): 624-626。
80. Stike PC,Edwards TJ,Stevan DG,et al.Functional hemodynamic assessment of the 21-mm and 23-mm CarboMedics Top Hat prosthetic valve [J].J Card Surg,1998,13(1):98-103.
81. Caus T,Rouviere P,Collart F,et al.late of double-valve replacement wuth biologic or mechanical prostheses [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2001,71(5 supple 1): s261-s264.
82. Banerjee P,Clark AL,Cleland GF, et al. Diastolic heart failure: a difficult problem in elderly [J]. AM J Geriater Cardiol,2004,13(1):16-21.
83. Khan S,Bess RL,Rosman HS, et al. Which echocaodiographic Doppler left ventricular diastolic function measurement are most feasible in the clinical echocardiographic laboratory [J]. AM J Cardiol, 2004,94(8):1099-1101.
84. Drry E, Willian J. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Lancet, 2004,363:9424-9429.
85. Hein S,Arnon E, Kostin S,et al. Progression from compensated hypertrophy to failure in the pressure-overloaded human heart: structural deterioration and compensatory mechanisms [J]. Circulation, 2003,107(7): 984-991.
86. 周俐红, 郭志坤. 兔心脏胶原纤维的组织学构筑及定量分析[J ]. 新乡医学院学报, 2002, 19(1): 16-18.
87. Ciulla MM,Paliotti R,Ferrero S,et al. Left ventricular remodeling after experimental myocardial cryoinjury in rats. J Surg Res, 2004, 116(1):91-97.
88. Talwalkar NG, Lawrie GM,Earle N, et al. Can retrograde cardioplegia alone provide adequate protection for cardiac valve surgery [J]. Chest,1999,115:135-139.
89. Tian G, Xiang B, Dai G, et al. The effects of retrograde cardioplegic technique on mgocardial perfusion and energe metabolism [J]. Thorac Cardiovasc surg,2000,120(3): 544-551.
90. 黄元鲁。冠状动脉顺心行灌注心脏不停跳主动脉瓣置换术的心肌保护[J]。广西医科大学学报,2004,21(1):82-83。
91. Chocron S, Kalli D, Yunsheng Y, et al. Intermediate warm antegrade intermittent blood cardioplegia compared with cold and warm blood cardioplegia [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2000,119(3):610-616.
92. Lajos TI, Esperson EC, Lajos PC, et al. Comparison of cold with warm cardioplegia crystalloid antegrade or retrograde blood [J]. Circulation, 1993, 88(2): 344-349.
93. Rueng SP,Buxton BF. Anatomic and hemodynamic considerations influencing the efficiency of retrograde cardioplegia [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2001,71(4):1389-1395.
94. Hirata N, Sakai K, Oh TM, et al. Assessment of myocardial distribution of retrograde and antegrade cardiop legik solution in the same patients [J]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 1997, 12(2):242-247.
95. Arom KV, Emery RW, Petersen RJ, et al. Evalution of 7000+ patients with two different routes of cardioplegia [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997,63(6): 1619-1624.
96. Tian G, Xiang B, Dai G, et al. Retrograde cardioplegia [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2003,125(4):872-880.
97. Carrier M, Leung TK, Solymoss BC, et al. Clinical trial of retrograde warm blood reperfusion versus standard cold topical irrigation of transplanted hearts [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1996,61(5):1310-1315.
98. 徐新根,殷凤珍,刁文瑜,等。冠状静脉窦逆行灌注对心肌保护的作用[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2002,9(1):58-59。
99. 刘海霞, 孙建全, 刘建华,等。冠状静脉窦逆行灌注的心肌保护方法的探讨[J]。中国体外循环杂志,2003,1(3):98-95。
100. Kulshrestha P,Rousou JA, Engelman RM, et al . Does warm blood retrograde cardioplegia preserve right ventricular function [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001,72: 1572-1575.
101. Tian G,Xiang B,Dai G,et al, Simultaneous antegrade/retrograde cardioplegia protects myocardium distal to a coronary occlusion: a study in isolated pig hearts [J]. Magn Reson MED,2001,46: 773-780.
102. Tehrani H,Masroor S,Lombardi P,et al. Beating heart aortic valve replacement in a pregnant patient [J].J Cardiac Surg, 2004,19(1):57-58.
103. 潘柏申。心脏标志物的临床应用[J]。中华检验医学杂志,2005,28(1):124-126。
104. Micheli A, Chávez E. Ischemia-reperfusion myocardial injury.Arch Cardiolog, 2003, 73(4):284-290.
105. Kuznetsov AV,Schneeberger S,Seiler RBG et al. Mitochondrial defects and heterogeneous cytochrome c release after cardiac cold ischemia and reperfusion [J]. AM J Physiol (Heart Circ Physiol), 2004, 286(5):H1633-H1641.
106. Bodor GS, Survant L, Voss EM, et al. Cardiac troponin T composition in normal and regenerating human skeletal muscle [J]. Clin Chem,1997,43(3):476-84.
107. Hirsch R, Dent CL, Wood MK, et al. Patterns and potential value of cardiac troponin I elevations after pediatric cardiac operations [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1998,65(5): 1394-1399.
108. Cook DJ. Changing temperature management for cardiopulmonary bypass [J].Anesth Analg,1999,88:1254-1271.
109. Piper HM,Dorado GD,Ovize M,et al.A fresh look at reperfusion injury [J]. Cardiovasc Res,1998,38(3):291-300.
110. 周骐,肖颖彬,陈林.逆灌浅低温氧合血心脏不停跳和冷血心脏麻痹液对心肌代谢影响的临床研究[J].创伤外科杂志,2003,5(2):114-117.
111. Levy JH,Tanaka KA. Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2003,75(2): S715-20.
112. 李福平,肖颖彬,高凌云.逆行灌注心脏不停跳心肌保护的实验研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2002,24(10):1208-1210.
113. Haisjackl M, Birnbaum J, Redlin M, et al. Splanchnic oxygen transplant and lactate metabolism during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in humans [J].Anesth Analg, 1998, 86(1):22-27.
114. Cavaliere F, Meo F, Scapigliati A, et al. Red blood cell energy metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass [J]. J Cardiovasc Surg,1999,40(6):653-657.
115. Munoz R, Laussen PC, Palacio G, et al.Changes in whole blood lactate levels during cardiopulmonary bypass for surgery for congenital cardiac disease:an early indicator of morbidity and moetality.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2000;119:155-162
116. Hashimoto K, Sasaki T, Hachiya T, et al. Influence of cardiopulmonary bypass temperature on circulatory pathophysiology and clinical outcomes [J].Jpn Circ J, 2000, 64(4):436-444.
117. Lehman JJ, Kelly DP. Transcriptional activation of energy metabolic switches in the developing and hypertrophied heart [J]. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2002, 29(4): 339-345.
118. Casademont J, Miro O. Electron transport chain defects in heart failure [J]. Heart Fail Rev, 2002,7(2):131-139.
119. Recchia FA , Mcconnell PI , Bernstein RD , et al. Reduced nitric oxide production and altered myocardial metabolism during the decompensation of pacing-induced heart failure in the conscious dog [J]. Circ Res, 1998, 83(10):969-979.
120. Razeghi P, Young ME,Alcorn JL,et al. Metabolic gene expression in fetal and failing human heart [J]. Circulation,2001,104(24):2923-2931.
121. Rosenblatt VN, Montessuit C, Papageorgiou I,et al. Post infarction heart failure in rats is associated with upregulation of GLUT-1 and downregulation of genes of fatty acid metabolism [J]. Cardiovasc Res, 2001,52(3):407-416.
122. Liu Q, Docherty JC,Rendell JCT, et al. High levels of fatty acids delay the recovery of intracellular pH and cardiac efficiency in post-ischemic hearts by inhibiting glucose oxidation [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2002,39(4):718-725.
123. Holmes JW,Borg TK,Covell JW. Structure and mechanics of healing myocardial infarcts. Ann Review Biomed Engineer, 2005,7(2): 223-253
124. Brasselet C , Durand E , Addad F,et al.Collagen and elastin cross-linking: a mechanism of constrictive remodeling after arterial injury [J].AM J Physio(Heart And Circ Physiol),2005,289(5): H2228-H2233.
1. Anselmi A,Abbate A,Girola F,et al. Myocardial ischemia, stunning, inflammation, and apoptosis during cardiac surgery: a review of evidence [J]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004, 25(3): 304-11.
2. Cohen G,Borger MA,Weised RD,et al. Intraoperative myocardial protection: current trends and future perspectives [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1999, 68(6): 1995-1998.
3. 肖颖彬,陈林,王学锋等.浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中心内直视手术 1032 例临床分析[J].第三军医大学学报,2001,23(5):502-504.
4. 陈林,肖颖彬。心脏不停跳下心内直视手术的进展[J]。重庆医学,2003,32(5):607-609。
5. Gulcan O,Turkoz R,Turkoz A,et al. On-pump/beating-heart myocardial protection for isolated or combined coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with severe left ventricle dysfunction: assessment of myocardial function and clinical outcome [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2005, 8(3): E178-E182.
6. Wan IYP, Arifi AA, Wan S,et al. Beating heart revascularization with or without cardiopulmonary bypass: evaluation of inflammatory response in a prospectiverandomized study [J]. J Thoracic-Cardio Surg, 2004, 127(6): 1624-1631.
7. J?rvinen O,Laurikka J, Tarkka MR. Off-pump versus on-pump coronary bypass. Comparison of patient characteristics and early outcomes [J]. J Cardio-Surg, 2003, 44(2): 167-172.
8. 何巍,林辉,陈铭伍等.心脏跳动中二尖瓣置换术[J].中华外科杂志,1996,34(6):67-68.
9. Batista RJ,Verde J,Nery P,et al. Partial left ventriculectomy to treat end-stage heart disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997, 64(3): 634-636.
10. Isomura T. The surgical treatment of dilated myocardiopathy [J]. J Card Surg, 1999, 14(2): 124-126.
11. Mickleborough, LL; Merchant, N; Ivanov, J; et al. Left ventricular reconstruction: Early and late results [J]. J Thoracic-Cardio Surg,2004, 128(1):27-37.
12. Thompson M.J,Behranwala A,Campanella C,et al. Immediate and long-term results of mitral prosthetic replacement using a right thoracotomy beating heart technique [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg,2003,24:47-51.
13. Kaplon RJ,Pham SM,Salerno TA. Beating-heart valvular surgery: a possible alternative for patients with severely compromised ventricular function [J]. J Cardiac Surg, 2002,17(2): 170-172.
14. Bedi HS,Singh RP,Goel V. Mitral valve replacement on a beating heart [J].Indian Heart J, 2003, 55(4):370-372.
15. Ueda T,Kawata T,Sakaguchi H,et al. Aortic valve replacement in a patient with a patent internal thoracic artery graft [J]. Ann Thoracic Surg, 2004, 77(2): 718-720.
16. Tehrani H,Masroor S,Lombardi P,et al. Beating heart aortic valve replacement in a pregnant patient [J].J Cardiac Surg, 2004,19(1):57-58.
17. Gersak, B. A technique for aortic valve replacement on the beating heart with continuous retrograde coronary sinus perfusion with warm oxygenated blood [J]. Ann Thoracic Surg, 2003, 769(4):1312-1314.
18. Gersak B,Sutlic Z. Aortic and mitral valve surgery on the beating heart is lowering cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2002, 5(2): 182-186.
19. Sutherland FW,West M,Pathi V,et al. Aortic valve replacement with continuouslyperfused beating heart in patients with patent bypass conduits [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg,2004,26(4):834-836.
20. Tamura K,Nomura F,Mukai S,et al. Combined aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting with in situ arterial grafts for porcelain aorta [J]. Ann Thoracic Cardio Surg: Official Journal Of The Association Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgeons Of Asia, 2003,9(3): 206-208.
21. Toyama M,Usui A,Murayama H,et al. Beating mitral valve replacement for a patient with porcelain aorta [J]. Jap Thoracic-Cardio Surg, 2004, 52(10): 488-490.
22. Ghosh S,Jutley RS,Wraighte P,et al. Beating-heart mitral valve surgery in patients with poor left ventricular function [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2004,13(4): 622-627.
23. Kumano H,Fumimoto K,Fujii H,et al. Beating heart surgery for ischemic mitral regurgitation: report of a case [J]. Jap J Thoracic Surg, 2005, 58(3): 232-234.
24. Prifti E,Bonacchi M,Giunti G,et al. Beating heart ischemic mitral valve repair and coronary revascularization in patients with impaired left ventricular function [J]. J Cardiac Surg,2003,18(5): 375-383.
25. Benussi S. Treatment of atrial fibrillation [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thoracic Surg, 2004,26(1): S39-S41.
26. 刘梅,肖颖彬,陈林等. 瓣膜置换术中心脏停跳和不停跳体外循环比较[J]. 第三军医大学学报,2000,22(4):385-387.
27. 胡萍,许寥梅,张春芳等.不停跳心内直视术的体外循环管理[J].中国现代医学杂志,2003,13(23):93-94.
28. 陈柏成,肖颖彬,陈林等.浅低温体外循环不停跳瓣膜置换术 800 例临床分析[J].心血管康复医学杂志,2004,13(4):345-348.
29. Stephen P,Nighswander-Rempel R,Anthony Shaw.Mapping tissue oxygenation in the beating heart with near-infrared spectroscopic imaging [J].Vibrational Spectroscopy,2003,32 (1):85–94..
30. Masroor S,Tehrani H,Salerno TA. Beating heart valvular surgery [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2003,76(3): 973-978.
31. Prifti E,Bonacchi M,Giunti G.Beating heart ischemic mitral valve repair and coronary revascularization in patients with impaired left ventricular function [J]. J Card Surg,2003,18(5): 375-83.
32. 张海洲,薛涛,范全心.心脏跳动下手术对心肌保护作用的临床研究[J].中国体外循环杂志,2003,1(4):198-201.
33. 周骐,肖颖彬,陈林.逆灌浅低温氧合血心脏不停跳和冷血心脏麻痹液对心肌代谢影响的临床研究[J].创伤外科杂志,2003,5(2):114-117.
34. 李福平,肖颖彬,高凌云.逆行灌注心脏不停跳心肌保护的实验研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2002,24(10):1208-1210.
35. 陈林,肖颖彬,王学峰等.浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中手术矫治先心病合并重度肺动脉高压[J] .第三军医大学学报,2001,23(5):505.
36. 向道康,阎兴治,杨世虞.心脏不停跳心内直视手术与神经元损伤[J].中华胸心血管外科杂志,2002,18,(4):220-222.
37. 王咏,肖颖彬,陈林.心脏不停跳心内直视手术对血浆 NSE 和 S-100b 及脑电图的影响[J].第三军医大学学报,2003,25(18):1652-1655.
38. Levy JH,Tanaka KA. Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2003,75(2):S715-20.
39. 康敢军,毛志福,高尚志.浅低温体外循环心脏不停跳法围术期细胞因子改变及其意义[J].中华实验外科杂志,2003,20(9):791.
40. 陈林,肖颖彬,王学峰等.先心病心脏不停跳下心内直视手术(附 555 例报告) [J].心肺血管病杂志,2001,20(1):6-8.
41. Toyama M,Usui A,Murayama H,et al. Beating mitral valve replacement for a patient with porcelain aorta [J].Jap J Thorac Cardio Surg, 2004, 52(10):488-490.
42. Ramphal PS,Irvine RW,Wierenga A,et al. Initial experience with beating-heart single valve replacement surgery at the University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica [J]. West Indian Med, 2004, 53(2): 109-112.
43. Matsumoto Y,Watanabe G,Endo M,et al. Efficacy and safety of on-pump beating heart surgery for valvular disease [J]. Ann Thoracic Surg, 2002, 74(3):678-683.
1. 刘维永。心脏瓣膜外科的现状和发展趋势[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床志, 1999, 6(2):65-66。
2. Tirone ED,Joan I,Sue A,et al. Late results of Heart Valve Replacement With The Hancock II Bioprosthesis[J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg. 2001,121: 268-278.
3. John S, Ravikumar E, John CN, et al. 25-year experience with 456 combined mitral and aortic valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2000, 69: 1167-1172.
4. Van NG,Ozaki S,Herijgers P. Distortion of The Stentless Porcine Valve Induces Accelerated Leaflet Fibrosis and Calcification in Juvenile Sheep [J]. J Heart Valve Dis. 1999; 8(1):34-41.
5. Devereux RB, lonso DR,Lutas EM, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy comparison to necropsy findings [J]. Am J Cardiol 57 (1986), 450–458.
6. Paraskos JA. Combined valvular disease [M]. In: Alpert JS, Dalen JE, RahimtoolaSH,eds. Valvular heart disease. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins, 2000,291-338.
7. Bech-Hanssen O, Wallentin I, Larsson S, et al. Reference Doppler echocardiographic values for St. Jude Medical, Omnicarbon, and Biocor prosthetic valves in the aortic position [J]. J Am Soc Echocardio, 1998, 11(5): 466-477.
8. 吴建淮,李小寒,游向东,等。经皮球囊导管二尖瓣成形术治疗风湿性二尖瓣狭窄的临床疗效[J]。中华心血管病杂志 2000.04.28; 28(2): 117-119.
9. Kang CH,Ahn H,Kim KH. Long-term result of 1144 CarboMedics mechanical valve implantations [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(6): 1939-1944.
10. Vaquette B,Corbineau H,Laurent M,et al. Valve replacement in patients with critical aortic stenosis and depressed left ventricular function: predictors of operative risk, left ventricular function recovery, and long term outcome [J].Heart, 2005, 91(10): 1324-1329.
11. Dalrymple-Hay MJ, Pearce R, Dawkins S, et al. A single-center experience with 1378 CarboMedics mechanical valve implants [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2000, 69: 457-463.
12. Tominaga R,Kurisu K,Ochiai Y,et al. A 10-year experience with the carbomedics cardiac prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(30: 784-789.
13. Eery RW,Krogh CC,Arom KV,et al. The St. Jude medical cardiac valve prosthesis: a 25-year experience with single valve replacement [J].Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(3): 776-782.
14. Jamieson WE, Edwards FH, Schwartz M, et al. Risk stratification for cardiac valve replacement: National Cardiac Surgery Database [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1999, 67(4): 943-951.
15. Aramendi JI,Mestres CA.Triflusal versus oral anticoagulation for primary prevention of thromboembolism after bioprosthetic valve replacement: prospective, randomized, co-operative trial [J]. Europ J Cardio Thorac Surg, 2005, 27(5): 854-860.
16. Rao V, Christakis GT, Sever J, et al. Anovel comparison of stentless versus stented valves in the small aortic root [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 1999,117 :431-438.
17. Christopher JKC,Ronald CE,Kathylee S,et al. Aortic Valve Replacement: comparison of Late Survival Between Autografts and Homografts [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2000,69: 1327-1332.
18. El SF,Hassan W,Latroche B,et al. Pregnancy has no effect on the rate of structuraldeterioration of bioprosthetic valves: long-term 18-year follow up results [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2005, 14(4): 481-485.
19. Toker ME,Kirali K,Balkanay M,et al. Operative mortality after valvular reoperations [J]. Heart Surg Forum, 2005, 8(4):E280-E283.
20. Potter DD,Sundt TM,Zehr KJ,et al. Operative risk of reoperative aortic valve replacement [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(1): 94-103.
21. Sodian R , Hoerstrup SP , Sperling JS , et al. Eary in Vivo Experience With Tissue-Engineered Trileaflet Heart Valves [J]. Circ,2000,102(19 suppl 3): 22-29.
22. Terrence MY,Yasser AF,Suan A,et al. Mitral Valve Repair and Replacment for Rheumatic Disease [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg. 2000,119(1): 53-61.
23. Prifti E, Bonacchi M, Giunti G. Beating heart ischemic mitral valve repair and coronary revascularization in patients with impaired left ventricular function [J]. J Card Surg,2003,18(5): 375-83.
24. Tweddell JS,Pelech AN,Jaquiss RDB, et al. Aortic valve repair [J]. Pedia Cardiac Surg Annals, 2005, 23(2): 112-121
25. Shin HJ,Lee YJ,Choo SJ,et al. Analysis of recurrent mitral regurgitation after mitral valve repair [J].Asian Cardiovas-Thorac Annals, 2005,13(3): 261-266.
26. 张宝仁,邹良建,徐志云,等。风湿性瓣膜病二尖瓣与主动脉瓣置换术 1154 例长期效果分析[J]。中华外科杂志,2003,41(2):243-246。
27. Yasushi M, Go W, Masamitsu E. Efficacy and Safety of On-Pump Beating Heart Surgery for Valvular Disease [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2002,74(4):678–83.
28. Thompson MJ, Behranwala A, Campanella C, et al. Immediate and long-term results of mitral prosthetic replacement using a right thoracotomy beating heart technique [J]. Eur J Cardio-thoracic Surg,2003, 24(1): 47–51.
29. Sutherland FW, West M, Pathi V, et al. Aortic valve replacement with continuously perfused beating heart in patients with patent bypass conduits [J]. Eur J Cardio-thorac Surg,2004,26(4): 834-6.
30. 陈柏成,肖颖彬,陈 林,等。浅低温体外循环心脏不停跳瓣膜置换术 800 例临床分析[J]。心血管康复医学杂志,2004,13(4):345-348。
31. Ghosh S, Jutley RS, Wraighte P, et al. Beating-heart mitral valve surgery in patients with poor left ventricular function [J].J Heart Valve Dis,2004,13(4): 622-627.
32. Masroor S, Tehrani H, Salerno TA. Beating heart valvular surgery [J]. Ann ThoracSurg,2003,76(3): 973-978.
33. 肖颖彬,陈林,王学锋等.浅低温体外循环心脏跳动中心内直视手术 1032 例临床分析[J].第三军医大学学报,2001,23(5):502-504.
34. 陈林,肖颖彬。心脏不停跳下心内直视手术的进展[J]。重庆医学,2003,32(5):607-609。
35. Arom KV,Emery RW,Kshettry VR,Dubois-KA.Evaluation of two new heart valve surgery techniques: partial sternotomy and port-access approaches [J]. Eur J Cardio-thorac Surg,1999,16(Suppl): S99-102.
36. Lillihei CW. Value of p reserving cho rdal integrity both experimental and clinical data [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 1963, 46(4):494-495.
37. Hetzer R, Bougioukas G, Frenz M, et al. MVR with preservation of papillarymuscle and chordae tendineae-revival of a seemingly for gotten concept [J]. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1983,(4):291-296.
38. Agaard J, Anderson NH, Lerbijerg G, et al. MVR w ith total preservation of native and subvalvular apparatus [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 1997, 6(3)∶274-277.
39. Borger MA,Yau TM,Rao Vivek,et al. Reoperative mitral valve replacement: importance of preservation of the subvalvular apparatus [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,74(5): 1482-1487.
40. Wasir H,Choudhary SK,Airan B,et al. Mitral valve replacement with chordal preservation in a rheumatic population [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2001, 10(1): 84-89.
41. Wu ZK,Sun PW,Zhang X,et al. Superiority of mitral valve replacement with preservation of subvalvular structure to conventional replacement in severe rheumatic mitral valve disease: a modified technique and results of one-year follow up [J]. J Heart Valve Dis,2000,9(5):616-622.
42. Mitral valve replacement with preservation of the subvalvular apparatus [J]. Reardon MJ; David TE. Current Opinion In Cardiology, 1999, 14(2):104-110.
43. Choh JH. Preservation of anterior and posterior leaflet in mitral vavle replacement with a tilting-dis valve [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997,64(1):271-273.
44. Rietman GW, Maaten JAV, Douglas YL,et al. Echocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after mitral valve replacement with subvalvular preservation [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg, 2002, 22(5): 825-827.
45. Yun KL, Sintek CF, Miller DC, et al. Randomized trial comparing partial versuscomplete chordal-sparing mitral valve replacement: Effects on left ventricular volume and function [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2002,123(4):707-714.
46. Chowdhury UK,Kumar AS,Airan B,et al. Mitral valve replacement with and without chordal preservation in a rheumatic population: serial echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular size and function [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(6): 1926-1933.
47. Gillinov AM,Blackstone EH,Cosgrove DM, et al. Mitral valve repair with aortic valve replacement is superior to double valve replacement [J].J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2003, 125(6):1372-1387.
48. Hamamoto M,Bando K,Kobayashi J,et al. Durability and outcome of aortic valve replacement with mitral valve repair versus double valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2003,75(1): 28-33.
49. Barreiro CJ,Patel ND,Fitton TP,et al. Aortic valve replacement and concomitant mitral valve regurgitation in the elderly: impact on survival and functional outcome [J]. Circ, 2005,112(9s):I443-I447.
50. Ho HQT,Nguyen VP,Phan KP,et al. Mitral valve repair with aortic valve replacement in rheumatic heart disease [J]. Asian Cardiovas-Thorac Annals, 2004, 12(4): 341-345.
51. Grinda JM,Latremouille C,Berrebi AJ,et al. Aortic cusp extension valvuloplasty for rheumatic aortic valve disease: midterm results [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,74(2): 438-443.
52. Masters RG,Rubens FD,Bédard PJ,et al. Late incidence and determinants of stroke after aortic and mitral valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2004, 78(1): 77-83.
53. Remadi JP and Duveau D. Long-term results of mechanical valve replacement: isolated mitral valve replacement and mitral-aortic valve replacement [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2004,13(Suppl):S26.
54. Borez JS, Hoch reiter C, Herro ld EM, et al. Prediction of indications for valve replacement among asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic patients with chronic aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular performance. Circ, 1998, 97(6)∶525-534.
55. Lund O, Emmertsen K, Nielsen TT, et al. Impact of size mismatch and left ventricular function on performance of the St. Jude disc valve after aortic valve replacement [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997,63(6):1227-1234.
56. Fuster RG,Montero Argudo JA,Albarova OG,et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch inaortic valve replacement: really tolerable? [J]. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg, 2005, 27(3):441-449.
57. Koch CG,Khandwala F,Estafanous FG,et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient size on functional recovery after aortic valve replacement [J]. Circ, 2005, 111(24):3221-3229.
58. 万亚红,张光休,程可洛,等。双瓣膜置换术中人工瓣膜的匹配[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2000,7(1):57-58。
59. Penta de Peppo A,Zeitani J,Nardi P,et al. Small "functional" size after mechanical aortic valve replacement: no risk in young to middle-age patients [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005,79(6):1915-1920.
60. Frather R. Tricuspid insufficiency [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2001, 122: 427-429.
61. Porter A, Shapira Y, Wurzel M, et al. Tricuspid regurgitation later after mitral valve replacement: clinical and echocardiographic evaluation [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 1999,8: 57-62.
62. Henein MY, O'Sullivan CA, Li W, et al. Evidence for rheumatic valve disease in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation long after mitral valve surgery: the role of
3D echo reconstruction [J]. J Heart Valve Dis, 2003,12(5): 566-572.
63. Christakis GT and Goldman BS. Do small aortic valves influence long-term survival? [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997,63(4): 933–934.
64. Amarelli C,Della CA,Romano G,et al. Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement with 17-mm St Jude Medical mechanical prostheses in isolated aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(3): 512-517.
65. Takahashi T,Hasegawa Y,Ohshima K,et al. Long-term follow-up after aortic valve replacement with a small aortic prosthesis [J]. Ann Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 11(4): 245-248.
66. Rahimtoola SH.The problem of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch [J]. Circ, 1978, 58(1): 20-24.
67. Sommers KE, David TE. Aortic valve replacement with patch enlargement of the aotic annulus [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997, 63(6):1608-1612.
68. Okuyama H,Hashimoto K,Kurosawa H,et al. Midterm results of Manouguian double valve replacement: comparison with standard double valve replacement [J]. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005, 129(4): 869-874.
69. De Oliveira NC,David TE,Armstrong S,Ivanov J. Aortic and mitral valve replacementwith reconstruction of the intervalvular fibrous body: an analysis of clinical outcomes [J].J Thorac Cardiovas Surg, 2005,129(2):286-290.
70. 吴洪斌,胡盛寿,祁国奇,等。小瓣环主动脉瓣替换手术的策略[J].中华外科杂志,2003,41(4):247-249。
71. Paulis RD, Sommariva L, Colagrande L, et al. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis with different valve substitutes [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998,116: 590-598.
72. 饶 莉,张 庆,唐 红,等。主动脉瓣狭窄瓣膜置换术后瓣口大小对左室舒张功能和心肌重量的影响[J]。华西医大学报,2001,32(4): 624-626。
73. Sim EKW, Orszulak TA, Schaff HV, et al. Influence of prosthesis size on change in left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement [J]. Eur J Cardio thorac Surg,1994,8(6):293-298。
74. Gonzalez Juanaey JR, Garcia Acuna JM, Vega Fernandez M, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prosthese on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implication for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,1996,112(2): 273-280.
75. Villari B, Vassalli G, Betocchi S, et al. Normalization of left ventricular nonuniformity late after valve replacement for aortic stenosis[J]. Am J Cardio, 1996, 78(1):66–71.
76. Sawant D, Singh AK, Feng WC, et al. Nineteen millimeter aortic St.Jude medical heart valve prosthesis: up to sixteen years’follow-up [J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1997, 63: 964 -970.
77. Kratz JM, Sade RM, Crawford FA, et al. The risk of small St. Jude aortic valve prostheses [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1994, 57:1114-1119.
78. 丁芳宝,梅举,张宝仁,等。主动脉瓣环窄小的二尖瓣和主动脉瓣联合置换术[J]。中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2003, 10(3):213-214。
79. Jose RGJ, Jose MGA, Marino VF, et al. Influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on hemodynamics and change in left ventricular mass: implications for the surgical management of aortic stenosis [J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1996,112: 273-280.