集输管线电加热管网设术
摘要
电加热集输技术是近几年发展起来的一项油气集输新技术,基本原理是电能补充被伴热物体在工艺输送过程中的热损失,使流动介质温度维持在一定的工艺温度范围内以达到集输的目的。电伴热集输技术具有效率高、温控准等优点,从而在近年来得到了快速的发展。
本文通过对国内外有关电热集油工艺方面资料的调研,针对辽河油田部分零散区块的集油问题,确定油井储油罐的位置,由此得到管线的敷设路线,根据实际情况选择合适的管道半径和敷设方式,通过调研选择合理的电加热集油方式,应用传热学知识计算得到井口和管线的电加热功率,最终给出适合这些零散区块集油现状的单管电加热方案。
本文选取洼三区块,针对环状掺水流程、单井电加热拉油和多井电加热集中拉油的成本进行了模拟计算,通过成本计算确认性能和经济效益综合起来比较好的为电加热方式,其经济效益会更佳,且性能可靠。
Electric heating Gathering Technology has been a new developed technology of oil and gas gathering and transportation in recent years,which basic principle is that electric energy can supply the heating loss of electric heating objects during the process of transmission, so that the temperature of flowing medium can be maintained at a certain temperature range to achieve the purpose of gathering. This technology has been developed rapidly in recent yeas with several advantages such as: high efficiency,temperature control accurately ,etc.
With the researching on the domestic and foreign aspects of heating oil gathering information technology,the paper studies some scattered blocks of Liaohe Oilfield gathering problems anddetermine the location of oil storage tanks,then determine the pipeline laying route, in the light of research to choose the right set of electrical heating oil means. selected a reasonable way of electric heating gathering by research, the application of heat transfer calculated from the wellhead and the pipeline of knowledge of the electrical heating power, these scattered blocks for the final set is given the status of single-tube oil heating program.
This paper selects three hollow blocks, the process for the Ring with water flow, pulling a single well electric heating oil and electric heating concentrated multi-well pull the cost of oil was simulated by calculating the cost of verification performance and economic benefits for the power good together heating.Its economic benefits will be better and its performance will be reliable.
本文通过对国内外有关电热集油工艺方面资料的调研,针对辽河油田部分零散区块的集油问题,确定油井储油罐的位置,由此得到管线的敷设路线,根据实际情况选择合适的管道半径和敷设方式,通过调研选择合理的电加热集油方式,应用传热学知识计算得到井口和管线的电加热功率,最终给出适合这些零散区块集油现状的单管电加热方案。
本文选取洼三区块,针对环状掺水流程、单井电加热拉油和多井电加热集中拉油的成本进行了模拟计算,通过成本计算确认性能和经济效益综合起来比较好的为电加热方式,其经济效益会更佳,且性能可靠。
Electric heating Gathering Technology has been a new developed technology of oil and gas gathering and transportation in recent years,which basic principle is that electric energy can supply the heating loss of electric heating objects during the process of transmission, so that the temperature of flowing medium can be maintained at a certain temperature range to achieve the purpose of gathering. This technology has been developed rapidly in recent yeas with several advantages such as: high efficiency,temperature control accurately ,etc.
With the researching on the domestic and foreign aspects of heating oil gathering information technology,the paper studies some scattered blocks of Liaohe Oilfield gathering problems anddetermine the location of oil storage tanks,then determine the pipeline laying route, in the light of research to choose the right set of electrical heating oil means. selected a reasonable way of electric heating gathering by research, the application of heat transfer calculated from the wellhead and the pipeline of knowledge of the electrical heating power, these scattered blocks for the final set is given the status of single-tube oil heating program.
This paper selects three hollow blocks, the process for the Ring with water flow, pulling a single well electric heating oil and electric heating concentrated multi-well pull the cost of oil was simulated by calculating the cost of verification performance and economic benefits for the power good together heating.Its economic benefits will be better and its performance will be reliable.
引文
[1]朱秀莲,朱秀峰.油库外输管线运行工艺探讨[J].油气田地面工程,2003.
[2]祖耀.埋地输油管道中热油温度场的数值模拟[D].西南石油学院,2003.
[3]王凯,吴明.热油管道输送含蜡原油的轴向温降计算[J].管道技术与设备,2005.
[4]Jiang Qingzhe, Zhao Mifu, Song Zhaozheng1 and Ke Ming .Rheological Properties of Waxy Crude at a Low Temperature in the Presence of Pour Point Depressants[J],Petroleum Science,2005.
[5]方祥朝.管道自控电伴热安装与外保温敷设施工技术[J].石油工程建设,2000.
[6]王照亮,梁金国,王弥康.电伴热采油和输油工程设计[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1998.
[7]陈国群,张帆,张劲军.含蜡原油触变性与温度关系的研究[J].油气储运,2003.
[8]高希峰,王全社,李晓力.伴热管线冷热介质终点温度计算[J].管道技术与设备,1996.
[9]王岳,曾文.含蜡热油管道低输量时结蜡对能耗的影响[J].抚顺石油学院学报,2002.
[10]付永杰,刘爱虢,王岳.含蜡热油管道站间摩阻损失的计算[J].管道技术与设备,2004.
[11]赵宗昌,王栋.含蜡原油在凝点下的触变性研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2006.
[12]吴国忠,鲁刚.电加热埋地油气集输管道热力计算与实验研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004.
[13]蓝建新.电伴热技术在输油管道上的应用[J].油气田地面工程,1996.
[14]朱晓世.管道电加热自控系统[J].自动化博览,1997.
[15]苑井玉,姜红,李玉春.如何处理电加热集油流程存在的技术问题[J].油气田地面工程,2000.
[16]Fusgeng Zhang,HuiZhuan.A STUDY ON BEM SERIES OF POUR POINT DEPRESSANTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN CHINA[J],SPE,13～16,February2001.
[17]John H,Hallman,Ph.D. New Environmentally Safe Heat Transfer Fluild Improves The Performance of Heaters in Gas Production and Transmission Systerms[J],SPE,17-19 October 2000.
[18]HuiZhuan Xie,Fusheng Zhang,LiJian Dong.STUDY AND APPLICATION OF THE VISCOSITY REDUCER USED IN PRODUCTION OF THE VISCOUS CRUDE OIL[J],SPE, 13-16,February2001.
[19]罗塘湖.含蜡原油流变学的研究发展[J].油气储运,1989.
[20]王海琴.含蜡原油热输管道沿程温降计算[J].油气储运,2002.
[21]李传宪,张春光等.原油溶胶-凝胶等温转变过程中的流变性研究,化学学报,2003,61(3).
[22]刘晓燕.特高含水期油气水管道安全混输界限确定及水力热力计算方法研究[D].中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(博士),2005,(03) .
[23]乔晶鹏,梁志武,樊文杰等.特高含水期油井常温输送新途径[J].石油规划设计,2003,14(2):28-30.
[24]吴江肃.中原油田单管不加热集输流程简介[J].油气田地面工程, 1985,(01) .
[25]杨筱蘅.输油管道设计与管理.东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.
[26]王霞光,蔡均猛.模型环道的蜡沉积实验[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2005,18(2):64-66.
[27]Singh P, Venkatesan R, Fogler H S, et al. Formation and aging of incipient thin film wax-oil gels. AIChE J.,2000, 46(5):1059-1073.
[28]Azevedo L F A, Teixeira A M. A critical review of the modeling of wax deposition mechanism. Petroleum Science and Technology,2003,21(3-4):393-408.
[29]Burger E D, Perkins T K, Striegler J H. Study of wax deposition in the Trans Alaska Pipeline. J. of Petroleum Tech.,1981,33:1075-1086.
[30]Hsu J J C.Santamaria M M. Wax Deposition of Waxy Live Crude Under Turbulent Flow Conditions. SPE 28480. the SPE 69 th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, LA., U.S.A., 1994, 179-191.
[31]Hsu J J C. Wax Deposition Scale-Up Modeling for Waxy Crude Production Lines.OTC 7778, the 27 th Annual OTC, Houston, Texas, USA, 1995.
[32]Hsu J J C and Lian S J. Validation of Wax Deposition Model by a Field Test.SPE 48867, SPE International Conference and Exhibition, Beijing, 1998.
[33]Thornton D E.Steady-state and quasi-static thermal results for bare insulated pipes in permafrost [J]. CAN.GEQTECH.J, 1976,(13):881-893.
[34]Liu Yang. Optimal Parameters Design of Oilfield Surface Pipeline Systems Using Fuzzy Models[J]. Information Sciences, 1999, (16):88-93.
[35]Liu Yang. A Stochastic Model for Drilling Optimization[J].Mathematical and Computer Modeling. 1999, (29):165-172.
[36]Liu Yang. Optimal Design of Getting and Delivering System of Crude Oil(M).Elsevier,Science Publisher, 1990:56-58.
[37]Liu Yang. Drilling Optimization with Stochastic Drilling Models(M). Dalian University of Technology Press,2003:78-81.
[38]Liu Yang. The Mechanics Analysis for the Fracturing String in Horizontal Well Using Gap-Element Method. 2nd International Conference on Non-linear Mechanics(M),Beking University Press, 1993:69-74.
[39]Liu Yang.The Topology Optimization of Oil Gathering System with Circle Route.(M). INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC PUBLISHER,1993:53-57.
[40]Liu Yang. Fuzzy Optimization of Oil-Gas Gathering System. Proch. of First Asian Fuzzy System Symposium[J].National University of SINGAPORE.,2002,(12):343-351.
[41]Liu Xiaoyan,Tan Yingjie,Liu Lijun. The Temperature Limit Measurement of Oil-gas-water Mixed Transportation with Special High Water-cut[J]. WSEAS TRANSPORTATIONS on FLUID MECHANICS,2006,1(1):117-125.
[2]祖耀.埋地输油管道中热油温度场的数值模拟[D].西南石油学院,2003.
[3]王凯,吴明.热油管道输送含蜡原油的轴向温降计算[J].管道技术与设备,2005.
[4]Jiang Qingzhe, Zhao Mifu, Song Zhaozheng1 and Ke Ming .Rheological Properties of Waxy Crude at a Low Temperature in the Presence of Pour Point Depressants[J],Petroleum Science,2005.
[5]方祥朝.管道自控电伴热安装与外保温敷设施工技术[J].石油工程建设,2000.
[6]王照亮,梁金国,王弥康.电伴热采油和输油工程设计[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1998.
[7]陈国群,张帆,张劲军.含蜡原油触变性与温度关系的研究[J].油气储运,2003.
[8]高希峰,王全社,李晓力.伴热管线冷热介质终点温度计算[J].管道技术与设备,1996.
[9]王岳,曾文.含蜡热油管道低输量时结蜡对能耗的影响[J].抚顺石油学院学报,2002.
[10]付永杰,刘爱虢,王岳.含蜡热油管道站间摩阻损失的计算[J].管道技术与设备,2004.
[11]赵宗昌,王栋.含蜡原油在凝点下的触变性研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2006.
[12]吴国忠,鲁刚.电加热埋地油气集输管道热力计算与实验研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004.
[13]蓝建新.电伴热技术在输油管道上的应用[J].油气田地面工程,1996.
[14]朱晓世.管道电加热自控系统[J].自动化博览,1997.
[15]苑井玉,姜红,李玉春.如何处理电加热集油流程存在的技术问题[J].油气田地面工程,2000.
[16]Fusgeng Zhang,HuiZhuan.A STUDY ON BEM SERIES OF POUR POINT DEPRESSANTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN CHINA[J],SPE,13～16,February2001.
[17]John H,Hallman,Ph.D. New Environmentally Safe Heat Transfer Fluild Improves The Performance of Heaters in Gas Production and Transmission Systerms[J],SPE,17-19 October 2000.
[18]HuiZhuan Xie,Fusheng Zhang,LiJian Dong.STUDY AND APPLICATION OF THE VISCOSITY REDUCER USED IN PRODUCTION OF THE VISCOUS CRUDE OIL[J],SPE, 13-16,February2001.
[19]罗塘湖.含蜡原油流变学的研究发展[J].油气储运,1989.
[20]王海琴.含蜡原油热输管道沿程温降计算[J].油气储运,2002.
[21]李传宪,张春光等.原油溶胶-凝胶等温转变过程中的流变性研究,化学学报,2003,61(3).
[22]刘晓燕.特高含水期油气水管道安全混输界限确定及水力热力计算方法研究[D].中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(博士),2005,(03) .
[23]乔晶鹏,梁志武,樊文杰等.特高含水期油井常温输送新途径[J].石油规划设计,2003,14(2):28-30.
[24]吴江肃.中原油田单管不加热集输流程简介[J].油气田地面工程, 1985,(01) .
[25]杨筱蘅.输油管道设计与管理.东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.
[26]王霞光,蔡均猛.模型环道的蜡沉积实验[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2005,18(2):64-66.
[27]Singh P, Venkatesan R, Fogler H S, et al. Formation and aging of incipient thin film wax-oil gels. AIChE J.,2000, 46(5):1059-1073.
[28]Azevedo L F A, Teixeira A M. A critical review of the modeling of wax deposition mechanism. Petroleum Science and Technology,2003,21(3-4):393-408.
[29]Burger E D, Perkins T K, Striegler J H. Study of wax deposition in the Trans Alaska Pipeline. J. of Petroleum Tech.,1981,33:1075-1086.
[30]Hsu J J C.Santamaria M M. Wax Deposition of Waxy Live Crude Under Turbulent Flow Conditions. SPE 28480. the SPE 69 th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, LA., U.S.A., 1994, 179-191.
[31]Hsu J J C. Wax Deposition Scale-Up Modeling for Waxy Crude Production Lines.OTC 7778, the 27 th Annual OTC, Houston, Texas, USA, 1995.
[32]Hsu J J C and Lian S J. Validation of Wax Deposition Model by a Field Test.SPE 48867, SPE International Conference and Exhibition, Beijing, 1998.
[33]Thornton D E.Steady-state and quasi-static thermal results for bare insulated pipes in permafrost [J]. CAN.GEQTECH.J, 1976,(13):881-893.
[34]Liu Yang. Optimal Parameters Design of Oilfield Surface Pipeline Systems Using Fuzzy Models[J]. Information Sciences, 1999, (16):88-93.
[35]Liu Yang. A Stochastic Model for Drilling Optimization[J].Mathematical and Computer Modeling. 1999, (29):165-172.
[36]Liu Yang. Optimal Design of Getting and Delivering System of Crude Oil(M).Elsevier,Science Publisher, 1990:56-58.
[37]Liu Yang. Drilling Optimization with Stochastic Drilling Models(M). Dalian University of Technology Press,2003:78-81.
[38]Liu Yang. The Mechanics Analysis for the Fracturing String in Horizontal Well Using Gap-Element Method. 2nd International Conference on Non-linear Mechanics(M),Beking University Press, 1993:69-74.
[39]Liu Yang.The Topology Optimization of Oil Gathering System with Circle Route.(M). INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC PUBLISHER,1993:53-57.
[40]Liu Yang. Fuzzy Optimization of Oil-Gas Gathering System. Proch. of First Asian Fuzzy System Symposium[J].National University of SINGAPORE.,2002,(12):343-351.
[41]Liu Xiaoyan,Tan Yingjie,Liu Lijun. The Temperature Limit Measurement of Oil-gas-water Mixed Transportation with Special High Water-cut[J]. WSEAS TRANSPORTATIONS on FLUID MECHANICS,2006,1(1):117-125.