有源电力滤波器的T-S建模及控制研究
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摘要
有源电力滤波器(APF)是改善电能质量、治理电网谐波污染的重要手段。本文研究APF的T．s模糊建模及其控制，分析并联型APF采用T．s模糊控制方法的可行性和具体方法及结果，讨论APF补偿参考电流的检测及T．s模糊反馈跟踪控制问题，以及降低APF容量的控制策略。
T．s模糊控制作为模糊控制的一个重要分支，是非线性系统建模和非线性系统控制十分有效的设计方法之一。本文采用T．s模糊控制方法，对并联型APF进行分析和建模的基础上，设计控制器并实施控制，仿真及实验验证了该方法应用于APF的参考电流检测及非线性控制是可行和有效的。对单相并联型APF进行电路分析，在此基础上利用T．s模糊控制进行建模，以直流侧电压的误差及其积分作为模糊前件输入，确立了前件输入三值逻辑的控制规则，基于并行分布补偿的方法，利用求解线性矩阵不等式获得满足稳定性前提下的状态反馈系数矩阵，在此基础上设计了模糊控制器。对三相三线并联型APF进行分析，利用T．s模糊控制进行建模，为降低控制的复杂性，确立了前件输入两值逻辑的控制规则，并设计了模糊控制器；讨论在电压存在畸变条件下，提出三相三线并联型APF的T．s模糊H控制方法，将电源电压存在的畸变视为一种有限有干扰项，建立了T．s模糊H。控制模型，并在保证系统稳定的前提下，设计了相应的T．s模糊控制器，对系统实施有效的控制，为解决新能源发电比重不断增加而引起电力系统供电质量下降条件下的APF提供一种新的控制方法。针对分裂电容中点式三相四线并联型APF的特点，将直流侧两路直流电压的误差及其积分值分别作为模糊前件输入变量，设计了T．s模糊控制器，实现了对APF参考补偿电流的检测及系统的非线性控制，同时解决了直流侧分裂电容的均压问题。分析了四桥臂三相四线并联型APF的动态方程，建立了相应的T．s模糊控制模型，在保证稳定性的前提下，设计了状态反馈控制器，以此获得了相应的补偿参考电流，有效地解决了四桥臂三相四线APF多变量强耦合等非线性控制难题，既补偿了负载电流的非线性也补偿了负载电流的不平衡性。
对比分析了有源电力滤波器补偿参考电流检测的几类方法，指出在电源电压正常以及畸变条件下，各种方法的适用性能。提出了基于RBF动态模型预测控制的参考电流检测法，快速地获得参考电流；提出了基于T．s模糊反馈控制的一类APF参考电流检测方法，即使当电源电压存在畸变或不对称时，反馈控制系统也能够自动补偿电源电压的畸变干扰。讨论了有源电力滤波器的滞环控制、三角波调制PwM控制、空间矢量PwM控制等电流跟踪控制方法，指出svPwM的双滞环电流跟踪方法具有较高的稳态电流精度和较快的电流响应，可获得APF更好的补偿性能。
指出APF补偿的首要目标是消除谐波，其次是补偿无功功率。通过综合分析并联型APF的控制策略，提出降低并联型APF容量的控制策略；提出了一种适用于电源电压畸变条件下产生基波正序分量的改进方法，获得了不包含基波正序有功功率及基波正序无功功率的补偿参考电流，为实现APF容量的小型化及在传统无功电力补偿领域的改造应用提供参考。
仿真及实验分析验证了采用T．s模糊控制方法综合解决APF补偿参考电流的检测及直流侧电压的控制等问题的正确性和工程应用的可行性。
Active Power Filter (APF) is an important means for restraining power harmonics and then improving the quality of power system. With modeling the shunt APF in T-S fuzzy control and researching on the control strategy of APF, the feasibility and application of these kinds of method were analyzed. While the reference current detection way and current tracking control means were discussed, a control strategy for minimizing the capacity of APF was put forwards.
As an important branch of the fuzzy control theory, T-S fuzzy control can be used for modeling the nonlinear systems and managing those nonlinear systems conveniently. The shunt APF were analyzed and then modeled by means of this T-S fuzzy control, the fuzzy controller were designed, simulation and experimentation were carried through that the method were feasible for APF reference current measurement and nonlinear control. Analyzing the single-phase shunt APF and modeling with T-S fuzzy control, setting the error of DC-link and its integral as its antecedents, considering three cost logic to setup control rules, basing on the parallel distributed compensation and linear matrix inequality to obtain state feedback coefficient matrix for the fuzzy controller. Analyzing the three-phase-three-wire shunt APF and modeling with T-S fuzzy control, in order to depress the complexity of system control, two antecedents combined in the error of DC-link and its integral were set, which consider double cost logic to setup control rules, and then the fuzzy controller designed. In the condition of power source distortion, T-S fuzzy H control was presented to the three-phase-three-wire shunt APF, under the stabilization of system, the corresponding H controller was designed which provides one kind of solution for APF control in the descending power quality that increasing the proportion of new energy. In allusion to split capacitor midpoint three-phase-four-wire APF, the two routes of DC-link errors and their integral were set as antecedents, and the corresponding T-S fuzzy controller was designed. Reference currents were detected and the problem of balancing the splited voltage was also solved. After establishing the dynamic equation of four-arms three-phase-four-wire APF, T-S fuzzy controller was constituted under stabilization pledged, the compensated currents were attained and the puzzle of multi-variable coupling strongly of nonlinear control to the APF was also raveled out. The nonlinear currents and the imbalance currents of the nonlinear load were compensated too.
Several kinds of reference currents detection methods were discussed, those applicability were indicated under condition of power source normal or distorted. A novel currents detection method by means of RBF dynamical model forecast control was put forward, which can obtain the reference currents. A kind of reference currents detection method which can automatically do compensation even power voltage distorted or imbalance by means of T-S fuzzy feedback control was mentioned. The currents tracking control techniques such as hysteresis control, delta modulation PWM control, space vector PWM control were argued. Double hysteresis SVPWM currents tracking was indicated that has better precision and rapidly response may achieve better compensation preferment.
The compensation goal of APF is indicated that main of eliminating the harmonics then of compensating the reactive power. While analyzing the control strategy of APF, a novel control strategy of reducing the APF capacity was brought forward. An improvement of generating the voltage fundamental positive-sequence was taken into use for obtaining the reference currents except fundamental positive-sequence active power and reactive power, which offering a way to make the APF capacity miniaturization in reforming the traditional reactive power compensation of power delivery systems.
Simulations and experimental results indicate the correctness of the theories above and the validities of the T-S fuzzy control strategy described.
T．s模糊控制作为模糊控制的一个重要分支，是非线性系统建模和非线性系统控制十分有效的设计方法之一。本文采用T．s模糊控制方法，对并联型APF进行分析和建模的基础上，设计控制器并实施控制，仿真及实验验证了该方法应用于APF的参考电流检测及非线性控制是可行和有效的。对单相并联型APF进行电路分析，在此基础上利用T．s模糊控制进行建模，以直流侧电压的误差及其积分作为模糊前件输入，确立了前件输入三值逻辑的控制规则，基于并行分布补偿的方法，利用求解线性矩阵不等式获得满足稳定性前提下的状态反馈系数矩阵，在此基础上设计了模糊控制器。对三相三线并联型APF进行分析，利用T．s模糊控制进行建模，为降低控制的复杂性，确立了前件输入两值逻辑的控制规则，并设计了模糊控制器；讨论在电压存在畸变条件下，提出三相三线并联型APF的T．s模糊H控制方法，将电源电压存在的畸变视为一种有限有干扰项，建立了T．s模糊H。控制模型，并在保证系统稳定的前提下，设计了相应的T．s模糊控制器，对系统实施有效的控制，为解决新能源发电比重不断增加而引起电力系统供电质量下降条件下的APF提供一种新的控制方法。针对分裂电容中点式三相四线并联型APF的特点，将直流侧两路直流电压的误差及其积分值分别作为模糊前件输入变量，设计了T．s模糊控制器，实现了对APF参考补偿电流的检测及系统的非线性控制，同时解决了直流侧分裂电容的均压问题。分析了四桥臂三相四线并联型APF的动态方程，建立了相应的T．s模糊控制模型，在保证稳定性的前提下，设计了状态反馈控制器，以此获得了相应的补偿参考电流，有效地解决了四桥臂三相四线APF多变量强耦合等非线性控制难题，既补偿了负载电流的非线性也补偿了负载电流的不平衡性。
对比分析了有源电力滤波器补偿参考电流检测的几类方法，指出在电源电压正常以及畸变条件下，各种方法的适用性能。提出了基于RBF动态模型预测控制的参考电流检测法，快速地获得参考电流；提出了基于T．s模糊反馈控制的一类APF参考电流检测方法，即使当电源电压存在畸变或不对称时，反馈控制系统也能够自动补偿电源电压的畸变干扰。讨论了有源电力滤波器的滞环控制、三角波调制PwM控制、空间矢量PwM控制等电流跟踪控制方法，指出svPwM的双滞环电流跟踪方法具有较高的稳态电流精度和较快的电流响应，可获得APF更好的补偿性能。
指出APF补偿的首要目标是消除谐波，其次是补偿无功功率。通过综合分析并联型APF的控制策略，提出降低并联型APF容量的控制策略；提出了一种适用于电源电压畸变条件下产生基波正序分量的改进方法，获得了不包含基波正序有功功率及基波正序无功功率的补偿参考电流，为实现APF容量的小型化及在传统无功电力补偿领域的改造应用提供参考。
仿真及实验分析验证了采用T．s模糊控制方法综合解决APF补偿参考电流的检测及直流侧电压的控制等问题的正确性和工程应用的可行性。
Active Power Filter (APF) is an important means for restraining power harmonics and then improving the quality of power system. With modeling the shunt APF in T-S fuzzy control and researching on the control strategy of APF, the feasibility and application of these kinds of method were analyzed. While the reference current detection way and current tracking control means were discussed, a control strategy for minimizing the capacity of APF was put forwards.
As an important branch of the fuzzy control theory, T-S fuzzy control can be used for modeling the nonlinear systems and managing those nonlinear systems conveniently. The shunt APF were analyzed and then modeled by means of this T-S fuzzy control, the fuzzy controller were designed, simulation and experimentation were carried through that the method were feasible for APF reference current measurement and nonlinear control. Analyzing the single-phase shunt APF and modeling with T-S fuzzy control, setting the error of DC-link and its integral as its antecedents, considering three cost logic to setup control rules, basing on the parallel distributed compensation and linear matrix inequality to obtain state feedback coefficient matrix for the fuzzy controller. Analyzing the three-phase-three-wire shunt APF and modeling with T-S fuzzy control, in order to depress the complexity of system control, two antecedents combined in the error of DC-link and its integral were set, which consider double cost logic to setup control rules, and then the fuzzy controller designed. In the condition of power source distortion, T-S fuzzy H control was presented to the three-phase-three-wire shunt APF, under the stabilization of system, the corresponding H controller was designed which provides one kind of solution for APF control in the descending power quality that increasing the proportion of new energy. In allusion to split capacitor midpoint three-phase-four-wire APF, the two routes of DC-link errors and their integral were set as antecedents, and the corresponding T-S fuzzy controller was designed. Reference currents were detected and the problem of balancing the splited voltage was also solved. After establishing the dynamic equation of four-arms three-phase-four-wire APF, T-S fuzzy controller was constituted under stabilization pledged, the compensated currents were attained and the puzzle of multi-variable coupling strongly of nonlinear control to the APF was also raveled out. The nonlinear currents and the imbalance currents of the nonlinear load were compensated too.
Several kinds of reference currents detection methods were discussed, those applicability were indicated under condition of power source normal or distorted. A novel currents detection method by means of RBF dynamical model forecast control was put forward, which can obtain the reference currents. A kind of reference currents detection method which can automatically do compensation even power voltage distorted or imbalance by means of T-S fuzzy feedback control was mentioned. The currents tracking control techniques such as hysteresis control, delta modulation PWM control, space vector PWM control were argued. Double hysteresis SVPWM currents tracking was indicated that has better precision and rapidly response may achieve better compensation preferment.
The compensation goal of APF is indicated that main of eliminating the harmonics then of compensating the reactive power. While analyzing the control strategy of APF, a novel control strategy of reducing the APF capacity was brought forward. An improvement of generating the voltage fundamental positive-sequence was taken into use for obtaining the reference currents except fundamental positive-sequence active power and reactive power, which offering a way to make the APF capacity miniaturization in reforming the traditional reactive power compensation of power delivery systems.
Simulations and experimental results indicate the correctness of the theories above and the validities of the T-S fuzzy control strategy described.
引文
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