电气化铁路同相供电装置关键技术研究
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摘要
随着高速、重载电气化铁路的快速发展,电铁牵引供电系统的三相不平衡、负序、无功、谐波、通信干扰以及过电分相等问题显得更加突出,因此需要研究新型牵引供电系统以便从根本上全面解决这些问题。论文深入研究了电气化铁道的本质问题,较为全面的研究了同相供电系统的理论,并通过仿真和实际系统的构建进行了验证。
针对电气化铁道存在的亟待解决的问题,提出了一种同相供电装置的结构,该结构不仅可以解决现有电气化铁路存在的各种问题,还能兼顾再生制动能量的存储问题。给出了基于同相供电装置的同相供电系统的拓扑结构,优缺点及实现路径。
深入分析了贯通同相牵引供电系统的相关问题,给出了贯通同相供电装置的结构、工作原理及功率分布等。
研究了再生制动能量利用问题。提出了同相供电装置结合能量存储系统ESS,实现再生制动能量的利用。分析了作为再生制动能量储存的直流储能单元,CTPSD具有较强的适应机车负荷变化的能力,可实现快速动态补偿。CTPSD+ESS具有有功、无功四象限调节能力,可以实现机车再生制动回馈能量,在保证系统安全的同时,大幅提高牵引供电系统的运行效率。并讨论了再生制动能力的计算、储存及控制策略等。
研究了贯通同相供电装置的并网运行措施,采用分散逻辑结构的环流功率控制措施,可以很好地解决并网中的环流问题。
提出了基于多Agent技术的贯通同相供电协调控制的系统结构,建立了基于BDI模型的监控CDMCA、协作CDCA和管理CDMA;对各模块的结构和功能进行了深入研究,讨论了贯通同相供电系统的建立方案、运行和协调机制,仿真研究了紧急情况下的系统控制策略。
通过对京沪高速铁路的仿真和分析,得出：采用基于多Agent的同相供电协调控制系统,不仅可以解决电气化铁路现存的各种问题,特别是通过各同相供电装置之间的相互协作,实现变电所之间的潮流调度,提高牵引变压器的容量利用率和负荷率。
基于上述理论,进行了仿真,结果表明：本文提出的同相供电系统方案、控制策略、再生制动能量的利用是正确可行的；基于同相供电装置的同相供电系统,能够实现由单相系统到三相系统的平衡变换,并且能够滤除谐波并对无功进行补偿,使得单相电铁不平衡负载对电力系统而言,只相当于一个纯阻性的三相对称负载。
With the rapid progress of high-speed and overloading electric railway, those problems such as seriously-unbalanced three phases, reactive power, and low power factor, harmonic current and crossing neutral sections existing in traction power systems are getting worse, so it is a great meaning to study a novel traction power supply system to solve all these problems. Depends on the deep study of the essence of kind of problems, the theory and practice of cophase power supply system are studid, to validate the built system some simulations and real experiments are performed.
According to the existing problem of electrified railway to be solved, a new structure of cophase power supply device was put forward. This structure can not only solve the existing problems of electrified railway, but also can be renewable energy storage braking. And the opological structure, the advantages disadvantages, the realize methods based on this cophase power supply device are all be given.
Related problems of ideal traction power supply system are analysed in-depth, and gives the independent power structure, working principle and power distribution, etc.
The utilization of the regenerative braking energy is discussed. Combined with the energy storage system, CTPSD can further solve the problem of electrical locomotives' regenerative braking power-feedback. And the structur of storage unit has been designed.CTPSD has the strong capacity to adapt the exchange of locomotive and the fast dynamic compensation can be realized. CTPSD+ESS have the ability of four quadrants for active and reactive power adjustment, which can achieve locomotive regenerative braking energy. So it can greatly improve the safety and efficiency of traction power supply system. And the calculation, storage and control strategy for regenerative braking capacity were discussed in this paper.
The parallel operation measures of CTPSD were studied. Applying the circulation power control measures with scatter logical structure, the problems such as circulation and voltage-sharing can be solved.
The composition, feature and communication of multi agent technique, along with the structure of multi-agent system and organization form together, are discussed. Based on BDI model the CTPSD monitoring and control, the management agent and coordinate agent are bulit, and the function modules for different agent are established. And then, the operation mechanism, construction project, correspondence and coordination mechanism for system are discussed. The operating performance and control strategy under emergent conditions are analyzed respectively.
Finally, the simulation of the multi-agent-based CTPSD system is made based on the classical Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. And the results show that the proposed design structure is very effective. Not only can solve all kinds of problems existing in electrified railway, especially through the mutual cooperation of CTPSD, realize the tide scheduling between substations, and improve the capacity utilization ratio and the load of the traction transforme.
Based on the above theory, lots of simulations are finished, and the simulation results show that the proposed system solutions, the control strategies and the regenerative braking energy use are to be true and feasible. The system can realize the balance trasform from single-phase to three-phase, can filter harmonics and compensate reactive power, and makes the single-phase unbalanced loads is only a three-phase symmetric pure resistance load for the power system.
针对电气化铁道存在的亟待解决的问题,提出了一种同相供电装置的结构,该结构不仅可以解决现有电气化铁路存在的各种问题,还能兼顾再生制动能量的存储问题。给出了基于同相供电装置的同相供电系统的拓扑结构,优缺点及实现路径。
深入分析了贯通同相牵引供电系统的相关问题,给出了贯通同相供电装置的结构、工作原理及功率分布等。
研究了再生制动能量利用问题。提出了同相供电装置结合能量存储系统ESS,实现再生制动能量的利用。分析了作为再生制动能量储存的直流储能单元,CTPSD具有较强的适应机车负荷变化的能力,可实现快速动态补偿。CTPSD+ESS具有有功、无功四象限调节能力,可以实现机车再生制动回馈能量,在保证系统安全的同时,大幅提高牵引供电系统的运行效率。并讨论了再生制动能力的计算、储存及控制策略等。
研究了贯通同相供电装置的并网运行措施,采用分散逻辑结构的环流功率控制措施,可以很好地解决并网中的环流问题。
提出了基于多Agent技术的贯通同相供电协调控制的系统结构,建立了基于BDI模型的监控CDMCA、协作CDCA和管理CDMA;对各模块的结构和功能进行了深入研究,讨论了贯通同相供电系统的建立方案、运行和协调机制,仿真研究了紧急情况下的系统控制策略。
通过对京沪高速铁路的仿真和分析,得出：采用基于多Agent的同相供电协调控制系统,不仅可以解决电气化铁路现存的各种问题,特别是通过各同相供电装置之间的相互协作,实现变电所之间的潮流调度,提高牵引变压器的容量利用率和负荷率。
基于上述理论,进行了仿真,结果表明：本文提出的同相供电系统方案、控制策略、再生制动能量的利用是正确可行的；基于同相供电装置的同相供电系统,能够实现由单相系统到三相系统的平衡变换,并且能够滤除谐波并对无功进行补偿,使得单相电铁不平衡负载对电力系统而言,只相当于一个纯阻性的三相对称负载。
With the rapid progress of high-speed and overloading electric railway, those problems such as seriously-unbalanced three phases, reactive power, and low power factor, harmonic current and crossing neutral sections existing in traction power systems are getting worse, so it is a great meaning to study a novel traction power supply system to solve all these problems. Depends on the deep study of the essence of kind of problems, the theory and practice of cophase power supply system are studid, to validate the built system some simulations and real experiments are performed.
According to the existing problem of electrified railway to be solved, a new structure of cophase power supply device was put forward. This structure can not only solve the existing problems of electrified railway, but also can be renewable energy storage braking. And the opological structure, the advantages disadvantages, the realize methods based on this cophase power supply device are all be given.
Related problems of ideal traction power supply system are analysed in-depth, and gives the independent power structure, working principle and power distribution, etc.
The utilization of the regenerative braking energy is discussed. Combined with the energy storage system, CTPSD can further solve the problem of electrical locomotives' regenerative braking power-feedback. And the structur of storage unit has been designed.CTPSD has the strong capacity to adapt the exchange of locomotive and the fast dynamic compensation can be realized. CTPSD+ESS have the ability of four quadrants for active and reactive power adjustment, which can achieve locomotive regenerative braking energy. So it can greatly improve the safety and efficiency of traction power supply system. And the calculation, storage and control strategy for regenerative braking capacity were discussed in this paper.
The parallel operation measures of CTPSD were studied. Applying the circulation power control measures with scatter logical structure, the problems such as circulation and voltage-sharing can be solved.
The composition, feature and communication of multi agent technique, along with the structure of multi-agent system and organization form together, are discussed. Based on BDI model the CTPSD monitoring and control, the management agent and coordinate agent are bulit, and the function modules for different agent are established. And then, the operation mechanism, construction project, correspondence and coordination mechanism for system are discussed. The operating performance and control strategy under emergent conditions are analyzed respectively.
Finally, the simulation of the multi-agent-based CTPSD system is made based on the classical Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. And the results show that the proposed design structure is very effective. Not only can solve all kinds of problems existing in electrified railway, especially through the mutual cooperation of CTPSD, realize the tide scheduling between substations, and improve the capacity utilization ratio and the load of the traction transforme.
Based on the above theory, lots of simulations are finished, and the simulation results show that the proposed system solutions, the control strategies and the regenerative braking energy use are to be true and feasible. The system can realize the balance trasform from single-phase to three-phase, can filter harmonics and compensate reactive power, and makes the single-phase unbalanced loads is only a three-phase symmetric pure resistance load for the power system.
引文
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