基于IA的农业网站分析与评价
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摘要
随着科技的发展,信息技术在农业领域的应用不断深入。互联网成为了推广农业信息和资讯的主要渠道。农业网站在整合信息资源、发布农业资讯中担任着重要角色。各级政府部门加大了农业网站的建设力度,加强了农业网站的管理。
但农业网站的发展与建设仍存在着许多问题,农业信息资源分散、缺少有效的整合,且信息重复较多、共享性差。大部分网站只是将信息“堆放”在网站上,缺乏有效的组织和管理,且更新周期过长。另外,农业信息门户网站的服务对象以农民居多,其文化水平偏低且信息认知能力较差,需要具有针对性的信息服务。因此,必须构建面向农民的农业类网站,及时的发布农业方面的资讯,有助于农业信息的共享和传播。
在此背景下,需要一个全新的理论来顺应农业网站发展的需要,IA理论应用而生。信息构建(IA)作为一种信息组织的手段和方法,能够有效的组织信息,并实现信息的合理规划和布局。面对杂乱分散的网络信息资源,迫切需要工A理论来高效、合理、有序的组织。本文将IA理论与农业网站的信息建设相结合,利用IA理论来构建一个易于使用的农业信息网站。
本文首先对国内外信息构建的研究现状进行了简要概述,对农业网站的发展现状、农业网站类型、农业网站的用户信息需求和信息行为进行了详细的调查分析。将信息构建的四大核心系统作为出发点,提出了基于IA的设计方案。然后,将层次分析法与IA相结合,在总结了国内外评价经验的基础上,给出了农业网站的评价指标体系,并通过计算得出了指标对应的权重值。依据评价指标对排名前100的农业网站进行了实证分析,将定性与定量分析相结合,分析得出了农业网站的最终排名,最后对100个农业网站的评价结果进行了分类讨论,并得出了评价结论。
At present, the development of information technology, accelerates the pace of rural informatization of our country. It provide an important channel for the promotion of agricultural information with the application of Internet in agricultural. Rural informatization plays an significant role in the development of national economy and social. As an important platform of information transmission, the status and function of agricultural websites is increasingly prominent. All levels of government department have established the information websites of agriculture and improved the information service system under the surroundings of strengthen the force of construction of agricultural websites.
But there still have many problems in the development and construction of the agricultural websites. The big problems are information resources scattered, without effective integration, more repeat information and less efficient of sharing. And the most of information are stacked on the websites, lack the necessary organization and management and updated slowly. So the utilization rate of website information is extremely low, which lead to the poorer satisfaction of user. In addition, the farmer, as main service object of the agricultural websites, whose cultural level and cognitive ability is relatively low. Hence it is need to provide a specific kind of information service for farmers. It is vital to planning and design a comprehensive service platform of agriculture information, which is mainly used for information collection, Information publish and information services. It is a huge challenge for the current construction of agricultural websites.
In this context, the Information Architecture theory is applied in development of agricultural website. As kinds of means and methods of the information organization, Information Architecture can be effectively organize and manage information and help users to understand information preferably. It is an essential measure to combine the IA theory with the construction of agricultural websites in order to construct an information structure, which is clearness and easy to comprehend.
This paper introduces the current research status of the IA, and survey and analyse the development situation of the agricultural websites, agricultural websites type and the demand and behaviour of information of users. Then, proposes a design scheme on agricultural infromation websites based on the four core elements of Information Architecture:the organization system, navigation system, labeling system and retrieval system. Third, this paper applies analytic hierarchy process (AHP) constructs the evaluation index system of agricultural websites and confirm the corresponding weights based on the analysis of the evaluation method at home and abroad.
According to the evaluation standard, It has a empirical analysis with the top100agricultural websites, combines the qualitative analysis with the quantitative analysis, and makes a conclusion of the ranking of100agricultural websites. Simultaneously, the100agricultural websites are classified discussed and evaluated. Finally, it points out the problems and defects existed, and the outlook for the future.
但农业网站的发展与建设仍存在着许多问题,农业信息资源分散、缺少有效的整合,且信息重复较多、共享性差。大部分网站只是将信息“堆放”在网站上,缺乏有效的组织和管理,且更新周期过长。另外,农业信息门户网站的服务对象以农民居多,其文化水平偏低且信息认知能力较差,需要具有针对性的信息服务。因此,必须构建面向农民的农业类网站,及时的发布农业方面的资讯,有助于农业信息的共享和传播。
在此背景下,需要一个全新的理论来顺应农业网站发展的需要,IA理论应用而生。信息构建(IA)作为一种信息组织的手段和方法,能够有效的组织信息,并实现信息的合理规划和布局。面对杂乱分散的网络信息资源,迫切需要工A理论来高效、合理、有序的组织。本文将IA理论与农业网站的信息建设相结合,利用IA理论来构建一个易于使用的农业信息网站。
本文首先对国内外信息构建的研究现状进行了简要概述,对农业网站的发展现状、农业网站类型、农业网站的用户信息需求和信息行为进行了详细的调查分析。将信息构建的四大核心系统作为出发点,提出了基于IA的设计方案。然后,将层次分析法与IA相结合,在总结了国内外评价经验的基础上,给出了农业网站的评价指标体系,并通过计算得出了指标对应的权重值。依据评价指标对排名前100的农业网站进行了实证分析,将定性与定量分析相结合,分析得出了农业网站的最终排名,最后对100个农业网站的评价结果进行了分类讨论,并得出了评价结论。
At present, the development of information technology, accelerates the pace of rural informatization of our country. It provide an important channel for the promotion of agricultural information with the application of Internet in agricultural. Rural informatization plays an significant role in the development of national economy and social. As an important platform of information transmission, the status and function of agricultural websites is increasingly prominent. All levels of government department have established the information websites of agriculture and improved the information service system under the surroundings of strengthen the force of construction of agricultural websites.
But there still have many problems in the development and construction of the agricultural websites. The big problems are information resources scattered, without effective integration, more repeat information and less efficient of sharing. And the most of information are stacked on the websites, lack the necessary organization and management and updated slowly. So the utilization rate of website information is extremely low, which lead to the poorer satisfaction of user. In addition, the farmer, as main service object of the agricultural websites, whose cultural level and cognitive ability is relatively low. Hence it is need to provide a specific kind of information service for farmers. It is vital to planning and design a comprehensive service platform of agriculture information, which is mainly used for information collection, Information publish and information services. It is a huge challenge for the current construction of agricultural websites.
In this context, the Information Architecture theory is applied in development of agricultural website. As kinds of means and methods of the information organization, Information Architecture can be effectively organize and manage information and help users to understand information preferably. It is an essential measure to combine the IA theory with the construction of agricultural websites in order to construct an information structure, which is clearness and easy to comprehend.
This paper introduces the current research status of the IA, and survey and analyse the development situation of the agricultural websites, agricultural websites type and the demand and behaviour of information of users. Then, proposes a design scheme on agricultural infromation websites based on the four core elements of Information Architecture:the organization system, navigation system, labeling system and retrieval system. Third, this paper applies analytic hierarchy process (AHP) constructs the evaluation index system of agricultural websites and confirm the corresponding weights based on the analysis of the evaluation method at home and abroad.
According to the evaluation standard, It has a empirical analysis with the top100agricultural websites, combines the qualitative analysis with the quantitative analysis, and makes a conclusion of the ranking of100agricultural websites. Simultaneously, the100agricultural websites are classified discussed and evaluated. Finally, it points out the problems and defects existed, and the outlook for the future.
引文
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[2]Louis Rosenfeld, Peter Morville. Information Architecture for the World Wide Web(2~(nd) Edition).O'Reilly& Association,2002.
[3]肖荣莲.数字领域的新兴学科—信息构建(IA)的发展与应用前景[J].现代情报,2005(4)：11-13.
[4]Chris, Famum. Information Architecture:Five Things Information Managers Need to Know [J]. Information Management Journal,2002, (5):33-36,38-40.
[5]Dillon. Information Architecture in JASIST:Just where did we come from?[EB/OL]. http://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/1060/,2007-8-12
[6][EB/OL].Sara Langston, Introduction to Information Ardhitecture:Principles and Conventions.
[7]Cook Melissa. Building Enterprise Information Architectures[M].New York:Prentice Hall,1996.
[8]Boynton, etal. The Influence of IT Management Practice on IT Use in Large organizations [J]. MIS Quarterly,1994(3):299-319.
[9]Chris Famum, Information Architecture:Five Things Information Managers Need to Know [J]. Inform ation Management Journal,2002, (5):33-36,38-40.
[10]Sara Langston. Introduction to Information Architecture:Principles and Conventions [EB/OL].http://www.Advsol.com/.../Services/Web-Consultion/Creative-Design/Info rm ation-Architecture/AMIN for ArchPres.pdf,2008-06-02.
[11]周晓英.基于信息理解的信息构建[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,2005年78-120.
[12]潘梅.国内外信息构建(IA)研究综述[J].图书情报工作,2004(6)：8-12.
[13]颜端武,蒋琳.IA信息构建理论及其在网站评价中的应用[J].情报资料工作,2005(1)：30-32.
[14]伍玉伟,何淑娟.信息构建理论在政府门户网站中的应用[J].现代情报,2006(4)：60-62.
[15]杨维敏.基于信息构建理论的图书馆网站建设[J].图书馆学刊,2007(3)：21-27.
[16]周宇.一种基于信息构建理论的图书馆信息组织与服务模型[J].情报杂志,2008(7)： 90-92.
[17]邢春艳.信息构建在个性化信息组织中的应用研究[J].图书馆学刊,2009(1)：20-23.
[18]李小青.基于用户体验的Web信息构建模型研究[J].图书馆论坛,2010,30(2)：68-70.
[19郑强.浅析信息构建理论对高校数字图书馆的影响[J].科技情报开发与经济,201 1,21(6)：45-46.
[20]Nashaat Sayed. Information Architecture-the Concept[J].Mississippi Libraries,2002(4): 105-106.
[21荣毅虹,梁战平.信息构建(Information Architecture, IA)探析[J].情报学报,2003(4)：229-232.
[22]甘利人.电子商务网站的信息构建考察分析—卓越网购物测试评价[J].情报理论与实践,2005(6)：605-608.
[23邓昶等.基于信息构建理论的高校图书馆网站评价研究[J].情报科学,2007,25(2)：240-245.
[24]Schriver K A.Evaluating Text Quality:The Continuum from Text-focused Toreader-foeused Methods [J].IEEE Transactions on Professional Communieation,1989,32(4): 238-255.
[25]Sweeney M, Maguire M,Shaekel B.Evaluating User Computer Interaetion:A Framework[J]. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies,1993,38(4):689-711.
[26]Brian Detlor. The Corporat Proal as Information Infrastructure:Towards a Framework for Portal Design. Internationnal Journal of Information Management.2000,91-101.
[27]C.Ann Hollifield& JosePh F.Donnermeyer. Creating demand:influeneing Information teehnology diffusion in rural communities.Government Information Quarterly,2003, 135-150.
[28]Jonga M,Lentz L.Scenario Evaluation of Munieipal Web Sites:Development and Use of an ExPert-focused Evaluation Tool[J].Government Information Quarterly,2006, 23(2):191-206.
[29]郑江平,章云兰.农业信息网站建设探讨[J].农业图书情报学刊,2001,(2)：28-30.
[30]黄樑等AWAL--农业信息网站建设综合解决方案的研究[J].计算机与农业,2001,(11)：22-23.
[31]郑业鲁等.农业信息网站建设策略[J].农业图书情报学刊,2003,(2)：5-6.
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