基于量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究复杂性疾病维医证型及其方药
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摘要
目的：
选择支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、肿瘤、风湿性关节炎、溃疡性结肠炎等复杂性疾病,建立它们的维医异常体液病证诊断标准及其用方规范。
材料与方-法：
病例来源—从2008年7月到2009年10月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院,第三附属医院、第四附属医院、和田地区医院、和田市医院选择诊断明确的支气管哮喘180例、阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)251例、高血压430例、冠心病180例、糖尿病305例、肿瘤180例、风湿性关节炎137例、溃疡性结肠炎129例等复杂性疾病的住院患者共1792例。疾病诊断标准依据叶任高、陆再英主编的普通高等教育“十五”国家级规划教材《内科学》(第六版)。操作与方法：(1)量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究—遴选6名维医专家分两组,不同的时间段以非疾病诊断相关临床信息(精神状态、面色、肌肤、眼部变化、皮温、睡眠、欲饮与口味、大便、小便、舌象、脉象)为依据在5所医院进行量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究。研究结果使用SPSS 18.0统计分析软件进行多分类logistic回归、共线性诊断和主成分分析,Stata 11.0进行矩阵计算。以辨证分型的维医异常体液(Y1=异常黑胆质型、Y2=异常血液质型、Y3=异常粘液质型、Y4=异常胆液质型)为应变量,以非疾病诊断相关临床信息为自变量X进行主成分改进的多分类Logistic回归分析,确立各证侯要素对该证侯的贡献度；据OR值分各疾病各异常体液主症、次症。变量进入回归方程的检验水准为0.05,剔除出回归方程的检验水准为0.1。(2)用方用药的专家咨询研究—进行量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究的同时收集、归纳专家经验型处方并录入数据；(3)文献研究—以“国内现存的维医古医籍及国内公开发行的综合性医籍中维医专卷”为基础,检索其中与研究对象有关的治疗处方并录入数据；经验型处方及文献研究资料的统计分析应用频数统计方法；处方药按频次做降序排列,作为最终提取处方组方的指征范围,选择出现频次高于相应异常体液型处方总数60%的药物作为高频处方组方的指征。
结果：
1.1支气管哮喘
表现为反复发作的喘息、气急、胸闷或咳嗽,遇变应原、冷空气、物理、化学性刺激、呼吸道感染、运动,药物突然发病或症状加重；以侯间哮鸣有声,呼吸喘促,甚则不能平卧为特征。进一步做支气管激发试验、运动试验和支气管舒张试验有助于确定诊断
异常黑胆质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：小便青色,舌质青紫,皮肤较凉,脉象细、硬；次症：面色晦暗,口味苦涩。
异常血液质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色发红,结膜充血,舌体短、胖,皮肤较热；次症：大便不干,小便黄赤,痰黄粘稠,排吐不利,脉象粗、有力。
异常粘液质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口黏,舌苔白色厚腻,小便清长,痰粘呈白色,大便干结；次症：口淡无味,结膜发白。
异常胆液质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症人面发黄,结膜发黄,皮肤热,小便偏黄,脉象细、浮；次症：舌体瘦薄、不充,口味甘苦,大便干。
1.2慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)
表现为慢性咳嗽、咳痰,痰多及烦躁,喘息气促,或胸部膨满、憋闷如塞,心悸浮肿等,以喘、咳、痰、胀为特征；重者可出现昏迷、喘脱等危重证侯。进一步做肺功能检查,X线检查有助于确定诊断。
异常黑胆质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：舌质青紫,口味苦涩,小便青色；次症：心神不宁,结膜发青,舌苔晦暗,皮肤粗糙。
异常血液质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色发红,结膜充血,大便干,脉象粗、有力；次症：口不渴,口味微苦,尿色黄赤,痰粘易咯出,痰中带血丝。
异常粘液质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：目光黯淡,口黏不渴,便秘,睡眠较多；次症：少气懒言,而色偏白,痰粘色白、不易咯出,脉数,肢体沉重、麻木。
异常胆液质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色无华,口味甘苦,皮肤较热,痰色淡黄,脉象细、浮。次症：人面黄白,结膜发黄,口干口渴,大便干结,痰粘不易咯出。
1.3冠心病(冠心病心绞痛、冠心病心肌梗死)
表现为胸骨后或左胸部有压迫感或疼痛,范围常不局限；也有上腹部、颈部、咽部等处疼痛。疼痛性质常为闷痛,也有隐痛、胀痛、烧痛、绞痛,常有窒息感、沉重感或仅感胸部不适。疼痛常放射到背部上方、左臂、胃脘部、甚至可放射至下颌、颈部、中指或小指,合并心悸、乏力、气促,劳累或精神紧张往往是它的诱发因素,进一步做相关辅助检查有助于确定诊断[2]
异常黑胆质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—心神不宁,唇色青紫,舌苔晦暗,皮肤较凉,小便青色；次症—舌质青紫,尿量少,多梦、噩梦。
异常血液质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—面色发红,结膜稍红,口干、口味微苦,脉象粗、有力,大便干结；次症—睡眠尚少,阵发性出汗,小便橙黄。
异常粘液质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—少气懒言,唇色淡白,口黏,口淡无味,出汗较多,肢体沉重；次症—面色苍白,舌苔白腻,舌体有齿痕,脉象沉、弱,睡眠较多,尿量较多。
异常胆液质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—面色无华,眼神无力,结膜偏黄,皮肤较热,脉象细、硬,舌苔黄腻；次症—心急易怒,面色暗黄,口味甘苦,皮肤粗糙,尿色发黄。
1.4原发性高血压
表现为无明确原因的头晕、头痛、颈项板紧、疲劳、心悸等,呈轻度持续性,在紧张或劳累后加重,多数症状自行缓解；也可出现耳鸣、视力模糊、鼻出血等。血压,未服用降压药物情况下,2次或2次以上非同日多次血压测定平均收缩压≥140mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90mmHg,进一步做相关辅助检查有助于确定诊断[2]
异常黑胆质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—多梦、噩梦,心神不宁,脉象细、硬,小便青色,舌质青紫；次症—大便干燥,舌苔晦暗,口味苦涩,面色晦暗,肢体酸痛,唇色发黑不润,夜间出汗。
异常血液质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—结膜稍红,舌尖红,脉象粗、短、有力,面色发红。次症—小便黄赤,皮肤较热,舌苔光滑,陈发性出汗,口味微苦,皮肤细嫩,眼神暗淡无光。
异常粘液质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—脉象沉、弱,口淡无味,出汗较多,便秘,肢体沉重。次症—疲乏,舌苔白腻,面色无华,睡眠较多,面色晄白,边缘齿痕,口黏,皮肤较湿,唇色淡白。
异常胆液质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—皮肤较热,情绪紧张,脉象细、浮、硬,失眠、睡觉易醒,舌苔黄色,面色偏黄。次症—舌瘦薄(舌体不充),口味甘苦,结膜偏黄,小便偏黄,尿量少。
1.5 2型糖尿病
表现为多饮、多尿、多食和形体消瘦,或尿有甜味为主要症状；查空腹、餐后2h血糖和尿糖,尿比重,葡萄糖耐量试验等检查有助于确定诊断,即任意时间血浆葡萄糖水平≥11.1 mmol/L或空腹血浆葡萄糖水平≥7.Ommol/L或OGTT(糖耐量实验)实验中,血糖水平(PG水平)≥11.1mmol/L[2];
异常黑胆质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：心神不宁,口干,舌苔为薄白苔,舌质色紫暗,口味苦涩；次症：唇色青紫,舌体胖、短,小便青色。
异常血液质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：皮肤较热,脉象粗、有力,眼睛暗淡无光,结膜稍红；次症：舌质色暗、舌苔光滑,面色发红,皮肤略粗。
异常粘液质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：唇色淡白,精神疲惫,口黏,舌苔白腻；次症：面色晄白,结膜发白,睡眠较多,脉象沉、缓。
异常胆液质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：心烦,面色黄白,唇色淡不润,结膜发黄,皮肤较热,脉象细数；次症：面色无华,眼睛暗淡无光,舌有黄苔,皮肤粗糙。
1.6恶性肿瘤
表现为不明原因的消瘦、贫血、乏力、发热、顽固性疼痛等症；进一步做相关辅助检查有助于确定诊断[2]。
异常黑胆质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：目光无神,唇色暗,舌质青紫,舌苔晦暗,小便青色；次症：心神不宁,皮肤较凉,舌体瘦薄、不充,大便干结,夜间出汗,多梦、噩梦。
异常血液质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色发红,目光乏神,舌质暗红,皮肤较热,皮肤湿、嫩；次症：脉象粗、有力,睡眠尚少。
异常粘液质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：少气懒言,面色晄白,口黏,皮肤较凉、湿,尿色清长,睡眠较多；次症：口淡无味,尿量偏多。
异常胆液质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：易怒,结膜发黄,唇色苍白,口干,皮肤干、较热,脉象细、短；次症：口味甘苦,舌体瘦薄,大便干色黄,脉搏快。
1.7溃疡性结肠炎
表现为腹泻、粘液脓血便或血水样便,每日10次以上,左下腹或下腹部陈发性、痉挛性绞痛伴有里急后重,偶有恶心、呕吐、腹胀、食欲不振、发热等症；病情轻重悬殊,多数病程缓慢,有反复发作的趋势,亦有急性爆发者。结肠镜检查有助于确定诊断[2]。
异常黑胆质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口干不欲饮,舌苔晦暗,多梦、噩梦,小便青色,口味苦涩,唇色紫暗,舌质青紫；次症：心神不宁,皮肤粗、凉。
异常血液质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：睡眠尚少,脉象粗、有力,结膜发红,舌质色深；次症：口味甘苦,皮肤较热。
异常粘液质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口黏,睡眠差,烦躁,皮肤凉、湿；次症—面色发白,口淡无味,尿量较多,小便清长。
异常胆液质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：皮肤热,口干口渴,脉象细、浮,心急易怒,人面发黄,结膜微黄,唇色苍白,小便黄赤；次症：舌体瘦、薄,口苦。
1.8风湿性关节炎
风湿性关节炎表现为游走性的多关节炎,侵犯数个大关节,局部呈现红、肿、热、痛。急性发作时受累关节呈红、肿、灼热、疼痛和压痛,活动受限制,伴有发热。查血清抗链球菌溶血素0滴度,X线检查有助于确定诊断[2]
异常黑胆质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色晦暗,结膜发青,舌苔晦暗；次症：口味苦涩,多梦、噩梦。
异常血液质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口干,皮肤较热,脉象粗、数、有力,睡眠尚少,面色发红,舌质暗红；次症：肢体沉重。
异常粘液质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色无华、色白,口黏,舌苔白腻；睡眠较多,肢体沉重；次症：脉象粗、沉、弱、缓。
异常胆液质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：结膜发黄,皮肤较热,口味甘苦；次症：面色发黄。
2.1支气管哮喘
异常黑胆质型：
生药：亚麻子50g,研粉,炼密150g,做蜜膏,早晚各服一次,每服7-9g；
罂粟子20g,大枣20g,铁线蕨15g,神香草15g,甘草根15g,水煎服,每服50ml,每日3次；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；罗欧克安据尔舔剂,每服8g,每日3次；罗欧克巴旦木舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；谢日比提比合苏斯糖浆,每服100ml,每日3次；艾比哈日混丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；谢日比提斯坎吉本安斯力醋糖浆Ⅰ每服30ml,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,蜀葵花子10g,睡莲花10g,麻黄20g,罂粟壳10g,水煎服或熏蒸,每日2次。
成药：罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服30g,每日3次；谢日比提海西哈西糖浆,每服4ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
生药：甘松9g、孜然6g,加水500ml,煎之200ml,药液加蜂蜜20g,和匀,早晚分服；洋茴香4g加水300ml,煎之1OOml,药液加蜂蜜20g,和匀,分两次吞服。
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；艾比哈日混丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；寒喘祖帕颗粒,每服12g,每日3次；夏日比提祖帕糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；谢日比提斯坎吉本安斯力醋糖浆Ⅱ,每服30ml,每日3次。艾热克檀香蒸露剂,每服30ml,每日3次；艾热克小茴香蒸露剂,每服50ml,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,睡莲花10g,蜀葵花10g,麻黄20g,罂粟壳1Og,水煎服,每日1剂；楹勃子10g(单独浸泡取汁),甘草根12g,铁线蕨9g,破布木果12g,水煎,药液加楹勃子汁,早晚各服一次,每服50ml。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；谢日比提海西哈西糖浆,每服4ml,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10ml,每日3次；罗欧克巴日德舔剂,每服12g,每日3次。
2.2慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)
异常黑胆质型：
生药：无花干果80g,红葡萄100g,红松子20g,开心果20g,小茴香10g,葫芦巴10g,棉花子10g,巴旦仁20g,牛舌草15,水煎服,过滤,加500ml白砂糖,每服50-70ml,早晚各一次；神香草15g,铁线蕨15g,牛舌草10g,破布木果15g,甘草根15g,蜀葵花15g,共水煎制成卡西卡甫,每服50-70ml,每日2次；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克安据尔舔剂,每服8g,每日3次；孜马地晒维赛敷剂,每次30g,每日2次,外用；罗欧克苏阿力舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；罗欧克巴旦木舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；买朱尼乌尔木力开比日蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；
异常血液质型：
生药：蜀葵子15g,天山堇菜10g,甘草膏7g,破布木果13g,粉碎,和腺毛车前子罗阿比混合外敷于肩胛间区及喉咽部；
成药：谢日比提欧西白糖浆,每服50ml,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克巴日德舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；苏福非苏阿力散Ⅰ,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服6g,每日3次；艾日克夏合塔热蒸露,每服100ml,每日3次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：甘草根15g,神香草20g,铁线蕨15g,蜀葵花20g,共研粉,加适量巴旦油,制成孜马迪,外敷于肩胛间区；
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；谢日比提祖法糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；谢日比提比合苏斯糖浆,每服100ml,每日3次；买朱尼祖法蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；艾比哈日混小丸,每服2g,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：破布木果30g,天山堇菜10g,蜀葵子15g,蜀葵花15g,铁线蕨20g,水煎制成卡西卡甫,每服60ml,每日2次；天山堇菜10g,破布木果15g,牛舌草5g,茴香7g,铁线蕨15g,葫芦巴20g,水煎制成卡西卡甫,每服60ml,每日2次；葫芦油外敷于肩胛间区。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克赤里窝咱舔剂,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克安据尔舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；罗欧克苏阿力舔剂,每服15g,每日3次。艾日克克孜力古力蒸露,每服80ml,每日3次。
2.3冠心病
异常黑胆质型：
生药：薰衣草、香青兰、甘松各15g,枸橼皮、阿月混子、藏红花果、丁香各10g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次；孜日克、葫芦巴、牛蛇草等药的罗阿比外敷于胸部,每次20g,4小时一次；甘松、阿月混子、藏红花果各10g,粉碎,和牛蛇草罗阿比混合外敷于胸部。
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；合米日高孜班安拜尔糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；木排日艾比日西木爽心口服液,每服10mml,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；达瓦衣米西克西仁,每服3g,每日3次；买提布合艾非提蒙汤,每服100ml,每日3次；艾热克巴德然吉布亚蒸露,每服30mml,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：欧烟堇15g,红玫瑰、炙芫荽实、黄花柳、檀香、天山堇菜、睡莲花、阿勃勒各10g,菊苣子10g,香青兰20g,水煎服,每服30mml,每日3次；大枣15个,蓝莓、欧李各10个,桃子干、杏子干各20个,香青兰25g,红玫瑰10g,制成茶剂服,每服9g,每日3次；天山堇菜、罂粟壳、蜀葵花、野苜蓿子各取15g,芫荽实10g,共研粉,加亚麻籽、腺毛车前子罗阿比和玫瑰花油,制成孜马迪,外敷于胸部；
成药：伊提日非力夏塔热诃子膏,每服10g,每日3次；合米日散代力糖膏,每服6g,每日3次；合米日买日瓦日德糖膏,每服6g,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：丁香、甘松、香青兰、肉桂各取适量,粉碎,用艾热克散代力蒸露,制成孜马迪,外敷于胸部,每日2次；孜然粉、莳萝子、芸香、天仙子各30g,水煎制成浓缩液,加适量巴旦油,保温状态下外敷于胸部,用纱布绑上；
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；木排日艾比日西木爽心口服液,每服10mml,每日3次；达瓦衣米西克哈日,每服3g,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；合米日高孜班安拜尔糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；
异常胆液质型：
生药：檀香、牛蛇草、天山堇菜、阿勃勒、睡莲花、蜀葵花、金盏花、甘松各5g,粉碎,制成茶剂服,每服9g,每日3次；檀香50g,研粉,取适量艾热克巴德然吉布亚蒸露,制成孜马迪外敷于胸部；小麦皮、野苜蓿子、洋甘菊、牛蛇草各区10g,研粉,加适量巴旦油,制成孜马迪外敷于胸部。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每次3次；买提布合艾里勒汤,每服30ml,每日3次；谢日比提阿其克阿那尔糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；木排日艾比日西木爽心口服液,每服10mml,每日3次；合米日艾比日西木糖膏,每服4g,每日3次；谢日比提散代力糖浆,每服6ml,每日3次；合米日买日瓦日德糖膏,每服6g,每日3次。
2.4高血压
异常黑胆质型：
生药：香青兰和牛蛇草各20g,用开水浸泡10分钟,加少量白砂糖服用；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；艾比库克亚丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；合米日买散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提散代理糖浆,每服10mml,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：蓝莓10g,罗望子7g,大枣15g,桃子干10g,杏仁干10g,青蓝10g,祠堂10g,制成茶剂内服,每服3g,每日3次；
成药：合米日散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提其郎糖浆,每服30mml,每日3次；伊提日非力开西尼孜,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提比乃非谢糖浆,每服60mml,每日3次；艾热克散代力蒸露,每服50～150ml,每日3次；艾热克比地米西克蒸露,每服30～100ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；合米日散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；合米日艾比日西木糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；合米日高孜班糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；艾比库克亚丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；阿米勒努西达日,每服10g,每日3次；伊提日非力开西尼孜诃子膏,每服10g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：大枣15g,蓝莓草9g,罗望子10g,桃子干、杏仁干各10g,祠堂20g,菊苣子、黄花柳10g,用开水浸泡,分服。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；合米日散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；买提布合艾里勒汤,每服30mml,每日3次；买提布合艾菲提蒙汤,每服1 OOml,每日3次；伊提日非力开西尼孜诃子膏每服10g,每日3次。
2.5 2型糖尿病
异常黑胆质型：
生药：卡巴比其尼浴剂,外用,每日1次；拉琴达尼茶剂,每服20g,每日2次；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；库日斯塔巴西尔卡福尔片,每服4g,每日3次；艾比阿扎拉克小丸,每服1.5g,每日3次；库日斯衣木萨克片,每服1g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片2号,每服1.2g,每日3次；孜亚比提散,每服10g,每日3次；复方夏卡库力片,每服1.2g,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：芹菜子60g,小茴香、阿育魏实、菊苣子各20g,酸浆、无花果干、甜瓜子各30g,粗研,在1.5L开水中浸泡4-8个小时,煎煮,药液加适量白砂糖,每服40mml,早晚各服一次；卡巴比其尼浴剂,外用,每日1次。
成药：谢日比提艾非散厅糖浆,每服40ml,每日3次；买朱尼乌尔木力开比尔蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比土斯片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比土斯片2号,每服1.2g,每日3次；孜亚比提散,每服10g,每日3次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：玫瑰花、石榴花、酸莫各15g,天竺黄、莴苣子、马齿苋子、芫荽实各6g,粗研,制成茶剂分服,每服10g,每日3次；卡巴比其尼浴剂,外用,一日次。
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；合米日散代力土如西,每服15g,每日3次；艾比阿扎拉克小丸,每服1.5g,每日3次；库日斯衣木萨克片,每服1g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片2号,每服1.2g,每日3次；孜亚比提散,每服10g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：欧玉柱50g研粉,欧白芨20研粉、马齿苋子、黄瓜子、腺毛车前子各20g,茶叶10g,洋李7个,用开水浸泡分服,每服30-50ml,每日3次。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；库日斯塔巴西尔片,每服1g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比土斯片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次。
2.6恶性肿瘤
异常黑胆质型：
生药：湖蛙100g,小白蛇120g,百花蛇90g,炙鹿茸、人参、炙珍珠各20g,骆驼篷子35g,甘草根30g,红松子、阿月浑子、罂粟壳、破布木果各25g,阿拉伯胶、西黄芪胶、焦蛋壳各15g,粉碎,制成粉剂,每服7g,早晚各一次,饭后服用；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼马日阿非蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；买朱尼欧西白蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；麻吾力拉合米,每服30g,每日3次；库尔斯赛尔堂片剂,每服3g,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：白花蛇一个(头部和尾部剪掉5-10cm,清楚内脏),羊肉500g,用铁锅煎煮,每服7-9g,每日三次；糊蛙、小白蛇、白花蛇各15g,牛舌草、香青兰、薰衣草、铁线蕨、小茴香、欧烟堇各10g,破布木果、大枣、刺糖各30g,菟丝草、番泻叶20g,用1.5L开水浸泡4-6小时,分服,每服60-80ml,早晚各服一次,饭后服用；成药：苏福非马日阿非散,每服3g,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂添剂,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库尔斯赛尔堂片剂,每服1g,每日3次；苏福非赛尔堂散,每服3g,每日3次；麻吾力拉合米,每服30g,每日3次；艾热克龙葵果蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次；艾热克巴地洋蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
生药：牛舌草、香青兰、薰衣草、铁线蕨、欧烟堇、湖蛙、小白蛇各10g,破布木果15g,大枣、刺糖各30g,在1.5L开水中浸泡4-8个小时,煎成一半,分服,每服60-80ml,每日3次,饭后服用；白花蛇一个(头部和尾部剪掉5-10cm,清楚内脏),使他自然干,粉碎加等量干姜制成散,每服6g,每日3次；蛇蜕、蜂窝、僵蚕各60g,粉碎,制成散剂,每服10g,每日3次。
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼马日阿非蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；朱瓦日西加力努斯消食膏,每服6g,每日3次；苏福非赛尔堂散,每服3g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：白花蛇5g,湖蛙5g,炙螃蟹10g,把药物放在一个小鸽子腹腔里,煎煮,分两次吞服；
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼马日阿非蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；谢日比提比乃非谢糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；库尔斯赛尔堂片剂,每服3g,每日3次;苏福非马日阿非散,每服3g,每日3次；苏福非赛尔堂散,每服3g,每日3次。艾热克确比其尼蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次。
2.7溃疡性结肠炎
异常黑胆质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,茴香10g,菊苣根10g,马蔺根15g,芹菜根10g,菟丝子10g,红玫瑰10g,马齿苋子10g,睡莲花10g,铁线蕨15g,浸泡12个小时,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次；天竺黄5g,淀粉10g,榲勃子10g,粉碎,制成粉剂,分两次服；长角豆、榲勃子、孜然、鞣树果、罂粟壳、香桃木实、洋乳香、橡子、芫荽实各10g粉碎,制成粉剂,用艾热克高孜班送服,每服50ml,每日3次。
成药：消食阿米勒努西达日蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；平溃加瓦日西麦尔瓦依提蜜膏,每服5g,每日3次；买朱尼昆都尔蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；库尔斯古力片,每服4g,每日3次；买朱尼代比地力外尔地蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；苏福非卡比子灌肠剂,30g,灌肠,1日1次。
异常血液质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,睡莲花10g,菊苣子10g,芹菜子10g,菊苣根10g,芫荽实子10g,鸦片15g,大枣15g,制成卡西卡浦,每服50ml,每日3次；榲勃子12g,腺毛车前子10g,天竺黄10g,罗勒子10g,马齿苋子10g,莴苣子10g,茴香根10g,芹菜根10g,水煎服,每服30～60ml,每日3次；天竺黄6g,淀粉7g,芫荽实子10g,研粉制成粉剂,每服3克,每日3次；
成药：复方鲁阿比衣斯批胡力,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提艾布拉斯糖浆,每服30mml,每日3次；罗欧克比乃非谢舔剂,每次6g,含服；库尔斯孜日西克片,每服2g,每日2次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：天山堇菜花、菊苣子、蜀葵花子、金盏花、无核龙葵果、茴香、菊苣根各10g,浸泡取汁,和谢日比提白祖日哈尔糖浆送服,每服30ml,每日3次；
成药：苏福非卡比子散,每服5g,每日3次；消食阿米勒努西达日蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；平溃加瓦日西麦尔瓦依提蜜膏,每服5g,每日3次；买朱尼那尼花蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库尔斯古力片,每服4g,每日3次；苏福非卡比子灌肠剂,每次30g,灌肠,1日1次；艾热克夏胡拉(龙葵果)蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次；艾热克巴地洋蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：莴苣子12g,马齿苋子12g,罗勒子12g,车亲自12g,葫芦子仁24g,黄瓜子24g,天竺黄30g,赤石脂30g,鸦片1g,水浸泡取汁,加适量谢日比提比也糖浆,拌匀,分服,每服30ml,每日2次；
成药：复方鲁阿比衣斯批胡力,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提艾布拉斯糖浆每服30mml,每日3次；朱瓦日西台米日印地消食膏,每服5g,每日3次；朱瓦日西麦尔瓦依提密膏每,每服5g,每日3次；买朱尼昆都尔蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；苏福非卡比子灌肠剂,每次30g,灌肠,1日1次。
2.8风湿性关节炎
异常黑胆质型：
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；买朱尼苏仁江蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；谢日比提白祖日糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；买朱尼朱瓦日西加力努斯消食膏,每服6g,每日3次；买朱尼阿扎拉克蜜膏每服2g,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：腺毛车前子和玫瑰花油,制成糊剂,外敷于局部；檀香10g,红檀香10g,红玫瑰10g,阿拉伯胶树汁12g,共研粉与芫荽实制成孜马迪,外敷于局部；秋水仙18g,欧烟堇18g,罗望子20g,蓝莓14g,诃子16g,刺糖16g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次。天山堇菜,牛舌草,大枣,破布木果,龙葵果各20g,刺糖40g制成卡西卡甫,每服50ml,每日3次。
成药：库尔斯苏仁江片,每服2g,每日3次；谢日比提欧西白糖浆,每服20ml,每日3次；伊特日非力确比其尼诃子膏,每服10g,每日3次。艾热克确比其尼蒸露,每服50ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
生药：野苜蓿子15g,莳萝10g,蜀葵花15g,没药7g,芦荟5g,大戟脂5g,粉碎,和玫瑰花拌匀制成孜马迪,外敷于局部；莴苣子15g,天仙子15g,白花丹3g,鸦片1.5g,研粉,加适量的蜂蜜调成糊内服,每服2g,每日2次,饭后服用；伯孜旦10g,秋水仙10g、药西瓜10g、大戟脂10g、黑孜然10g等取等量制成孜马迪外敷；
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；买朱尼苏仁江蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；谢日比提白祖日糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；买提布合苏仁江汤每服20ml,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：秋水仙10g,欧烟堇10g,罗望子10g,蓝莓15g,无核葡萄10g,诃子皮20g,决明子10g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次。兔丝草30g,黄诃子皮30g,薰衣草30g,欧烟堇15g,谁龙骨15g,番泻叶15g,阿里红3g,芦荟6g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；苏福非苏仁江散,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提白祖日糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次。
结论：
1.以非疾病诊断相关临床信息为依据,进行量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究,建立了支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、高血压、冠心病、2型糖尿病、肿瘤、溃疡性结肠炎、风湿性关节炎等复杂性疾病的维医异常体液病证分型诊断标准及其用方规范。
2.现代医学除具有它自己的、特有的、个性的疾病的物质基础以外,它可能还有不同的亚型；因为从维医的临床分型上,我们发现每一个疾病都分为四型,说明现代医学疾病还会被再分。
3.现代医学要向更高境界提升和发展,维吾尔医学的分型方法对它来说也是一个启迪。
4.要用现代生物学手段来进一步寻找复杂性疾病的物质基础,找到它亚型的生物学特征,并为其治疗提供线索、为其治疗提供靶点、为其治疗提供新的思路。
Objective:
Select complex diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, malignant tumor, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and to establish their diagnosis criteria of Uighur medical abnormal Hilit type and corresponding prescription criteria.
Materials and Methods:
The originate of cases---from July 2008 to October 2009 selected 180 cases of bronchial asthma,251 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,430 cases of hypertension,180 cases of coronary heart disease,305 cases of diabetes,180 cases of cancer, 137 cases of rheumatoid arthritis,129 cases of ulcer colitis, altogether 1792 cases from hospitalized patients who were in First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Third Affiliated Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hospital of Hutan City, Hospital of Hutan region. Diagnostic criteria based on the General Higher Education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (sixth edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying. Operations and Methods:(1)Delphi method--6 Uyghur medical experts were separated into two groups and in accordance with free disease clinical diagnostic information (mental state, complexion, skin quality, eye changes, skin temperature, drink desire and taste, stool, urine, tongue picture, pulse) do a quantitative diagnosis specialist counseling in five hospitals. SPSS 18.0 statistical analysis software was utilized to multiple regression analysis, collinearity diagnosis and principal component analysis, STATA 11.0 was utilized to matrix calculate the Delphi method results. Uighur medicine abnormal Hilit typing based on syndrome differentiations (Y1=abnormal savda type, Y2=abnormal kan type, Y3=abnormal balgham type, Y4=abnormal saprah type) were as a dependent variable, free disease clinical diagnostic information as a independent variable X, did a principle component analysis of multi-category logistic regression, establish contribution of each syndrome factors to the syndrome. According to OR value classify chief symptoms and subsequent symptoms of each abnormal Hilit.. Size of test of the Variable into the regression equation was 0.05, remove level was 0.1.(2) Collect expert experienced prescriptions by Delphi method:collect, summarize expert experienced prescriptions and entry them into the database during the screening of quantitative diagnosis specialist counseling. (3) Literature survey:according to the "domestic existing ancient Uighur medical books and Uighur medicine volumes in domestic publicly offered comprehensive medical books ", and search the prescriptions those related to the study objects from these books and entry them into the database. Frequency statistics method was used to analyze expert experienced prescriptions and literature survey materials. Done a descending order according to the frequency of herbs in the prescriptions. As an indication scope for the final extracted prescriptions., by orders of frequency select the prescriptions that occurrence frequency higher than 60% of the number of total prescriptions as the indication of high frequency occurrence prescriptions.
Results:
1.1 Bronchial asthma
Accordance with the diagnosis criteria of bronchial asthma in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms are greenish urine, cyanotic tongue quality, cooler skin, thready、hard pulse. Subsequent symptoms are dark and gloomy complexion, bitter taste.
For abnormal kan type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms are reddish complexion, reddish conjunctiva, short、fat tongue, hotter skin. The second important symptoms are dry stools, deep-colored urine, yellow sticky sputum, thick、strong pulse.
For abnormal balgham type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms are sticky mouth, greasy, thick white fur, thick and low coloured urine, white and sticky tongue coating, dry stool. Subsequent symptoms are metallic taste, pale conjunctiva.
For abnormal sapra type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms——yellowish complexion, yellowish conjunctiva, hot skin, yellowish urine, thready、floating pulse. Subsequent symptoms are thin tongue, bittersweet taste, dry and hard stool.
1.2 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type COPD:Chief symptoms are dark purple tongue, sour taste, thick pale urine. Subsequent symptoms are heart-mind dysfunction, greenish conjunctiva, dark and gloomy fur, rough and dry skin quality.
For abnormal kan type COPD:Chief symptoms are reddish complexion, reddish conjunctiva, dried and hardened stool, thicks strong pulse (strong and wavelike pulse). Subsequent symptoms are thirstlessness, gently bitter taste, deep colored urine, sticky sputum and easy to spit, blood stained sputum.
For abnormal balgham type COPD:Chief symptoms are less eyes expression, sticky mouth, constipation, much need for sleep. Subsequent symptoms are low spirit, pale complexion, sticky white sputum and not easy to spit, slow pulse rate, heavy and numbness in limbs.
For abnormal sapra type COPD:Chief symptoms are pale complexion, bittersweet taste, hotter skin quality, yellowish sputum, thready、floating pulse. Subsequent symptoms—light yellow complexion, yellowish conjunctiva, desire for drinks, dried and hardened stool, sticky sputum and not easy to spit.
1.3 Coronary heart disease (coronary heart disease angina pectoris, coronary heart disease myocardial infarction)
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of coronary heart disease angina pectoris, coronary heart disease myocardial infarction in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information,
For abnormal savda type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are heart-mind dysfunction, cyanotic lips, grey-black fur, cooler skin, greenish urine. Subsequent symptoms are cyanotic tongue quality, less urine, much dream and nightmare.
For abnormal kan type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are flushed complexion, tiny redness conjunctiva, dry mouth, mildly bitter flavor taste, strong and wavelike pulse, dried and hardened stool. Subsequent symptoms are sleep disturbed, paroxysmal sweating, orange urine.
For abnormal balgham type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are lower spirit, pale lips, sticky mouth, metallic taste, spontaneous sweating, numbness in limb. Subsequent symptoms are pale complexion, greasy white tongue coating, indentation boundary of tongue, weak and deep pulse, much need for sleep, more urine.
For abnormal sapra type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are dim complexion, less eyes expression, yellowish conjunctiva, dry and warm skin, thready* hard pulse, yellow and dry tongue coating. Subsequent symptoms areacute mind and excessive anger, dark yellow complexion, bittersweet taste, rough and dry skin, light yellow urine.
1.4 Essential Hypertension
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of essential hypertension in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information,
For abnormal savda type hypertension:chief symptoms are dreaminess, nightmare, heart-mind dysfunction, thready and hard pulse, thin pale urine, cyanotic tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are dry stool, dark and gloomy tongue quality, bitter taste, dark and gloomy complexion, sour pain in limb, dark red lips, sweating at night.
For Abnormal kan type hypertension:chief symptoms are reddish conjunctiva, red tip of tongue, thick、short、strong pulse, reddish complexion. Subsequent symptoms are deep colored urine, hotter skin, smooth fur, paroxysmal sweating, bitter taste, less eye expression.
For abnormal balgham type hypertension:chief symptoms are deep、weak pulse, flat feeling in mouth, too much sweating, constipation, heavy limbs. Subsequent symptoms are white and sticky tongue coating, bright pale complexion, indentation boundary of tongue, sticky mouth, relatively moist skin, pale lips.
For abnormal sapra type hypertension:chief symptoms are warm skin, emotional tension, thready and floating hard pulse, insomnia, restless sleep, yellow fur, yellowish complexion. Subsequent symptoms are thin tongue, bittersweet taste, yellowish conjunctiva, deep yellow urine, less urine.
1.5 Type 2 diabetes
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of diabetes in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information,
For abnormal savda type diabetes:Chief symptoms are not peaceful in mind, dry mouth, thin white tongue coating, dark purple tongue quality, bitter taste. Subsequent symptoms are cyanotic lips, fat、short tongue, thin and pale urine.
For abnormal kan type diabetes:Chief symptoms are hotter skin, thick、strong pulse, less ayes expression, reddish conjunctiva. Subsequent symptoms are dark red tongue quality. smooth fur, reddish complexion, slightly rough skin.
For abnormal balgham type diabetes:Chief symptoms are pale lips, mental weary, sticky mouth, white and greasy tongue coating. Subsequent symptoms are pale complexion, whitish conjunctiva, much need for sleep, deep, slow pulse.
For abnormal sapra type diabetes:Chief symptoms are Acute mind and excessive anger, yellowish complexion, pale lips, yellowish conjunctiva, hotter skin. Subsequent symptoms are dim complexion, less eye expression, yellow fur, rough skin.
1.6 Malignant Tumor
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of bronchial asthma in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are less eyes expression, dim lips, cyanotic tongue quality, dark and gloomy fur, greenish urine. Subsequent symptoms are not peaceful in mind, cooler skin, thin tongue, dry stool, sweating at night, dreaminess, nightmare.
For abnormal kan type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are reddish complexion, lack of eyes expression, dark red tongue quality, hotter skin, moist and soft skin. Subsequent symptoms are thick, strong pulse, sleep less.
For abnormal balgham type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are low spirit and unpleasant, pale complexion, sticky mouth, cooler and moist skin quality, thick and low colored urine in large amounts, much need for sleep. Subsequent symptoms are pale and tasteless mouth, frequent and more urine.
For abnormal sapra type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are easy to anger, yellowish conjunctiva, pale lips, dry mouth, dry and hotter skin quality, thready, short fast pulse. Subsequent symptoms are bittersweet taste, thin tongue, dry and yellowish stool.
1.7 Ulcerative colitis
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of Ulcerative colitis in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information
For abnormal savda type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms are dry mouth without drink desire, dark and gloomy fur, dreaminess, nightmare, pale urine, bitter taste, dark purple lips, cyanotic tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are not peaceful in mind, rough and cooler skin.
For abnormal kan type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms are sleep less, thick, strong pulse, reddish conjunctiva, dark red tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are bitter sweet taste, tepid skin quality.
For abnormal balgham type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms are sticky mouth, low quality of sleep, fretful, cool and moist skin. Subsequent symptoms are whitish complexion, metallic taste (tasteless), increase urine volume, thin and pale urine.
For abnormal sapra type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms—hot skin, dry mouth, thready, floating pulse, irritability, yellowish conjunctiva, yellowish complexion, pale lips, deep colored urine. Subsequent symptoms are thin tongue and bitter mouth.
1.8 Rheumatic Arthritis
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of Rheumatic, Rheumatoid Arthritis in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms are dark and gloomy complexion, greenish conjunctiva, dark and gloomy fur. Subsequent symptoms are bitter and sour taste, frightful dreams.
For abnormal kan type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms are dry mouth, tepid skin quality, fast, thick、strong pulse, sleepless, reddish complexion, dark red tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are heavy limbs.
For abnormal balgham type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms are pale and dim complextion, sticky mouth, white greasy fur, much need for sleep, heavy limbs. Subsequent symptoms are thick, deep. weak, slow pulse.
For abnormal sapra type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms-yellowish conjunctiva, hotter skin, bittersweet taste. Subsequent symptoms-yellowish complexion。2. According to Delphi method and literature survey have established the prescription criteria of complex diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, malignant tumor, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis. During this research, it was found that abnormal Hilit type munziq and mushil were universally used in every disease.
Conclusion:
1. Criteria of abnormal Hilit typing and their corresponding prescriptions in Uyghur medicine have established based on free disease diagnosis related clinical information by a screening of quantitative diagnosis specialist counseling for complex diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, malignant tumor, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis.
2. Modern medicine not only has its own unique, personality material basis, but also may has different subtypes. Because it was found that every disease was classified four types in Uyghur medicine which will imply modern medicine diseases can be subdivided.
3. If modern medicine wants to upgrade and develop to the higher level, it is just the classify methods of Uyghur medicine that can be an inspiration to it.
4. From that can we consider by using modern biology means seek the material basis of complex diseases in Uygur medicine and find out Biological characteristics of their subtypes then by these to provide new clues, to provide new targets and to provide new advanced ideas for their treatment.
选择支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、肿瘤、风湿性关节炎、溃疡性结肠炎等复杂性疾病,建立它们的维医异常体液病证诊断标准及其用方规范。
材料与方-法：
病例来源—从2008年7月到2009年10月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院,第三附属医院、第四附属医院、和田地区医院、和田市医院选择诊断明确的支气管哮喘180例、阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)251例、高血压430例、冠心病180例、糖尿病305例、肿瘤180例、风湿性关节炎137例、溃疡性结肠炎129例等复杂性疾病的住院患者共1792例。疾病诊断标准依据叶任高、陆再英主编的普通高等教育“十五”国家级规划教材《内科学》(第六版)。操作与方法：(1)量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究—遴选6名维医专家分两组,不同的时间段以非疾病诊断相关临床信息(精神状态、面色、肌肤、眼部变化、皮温、睡眠、欲饮与口味、大便、小便、舌象、脉象)为依据在5所医院进行量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究。研究结果使用SPSS 18.0统计分析软件进行多分类logistic回归、共线性诊断和主成分分析,Stata 11.0进行矩阵计算。以辨证分型的维医异常体液(Y1=异常黑胆质型、Y2=异常血液质型、Y3=异常粘液质型、Y4=异常胆液质型)为应变量,以非疾病诊断相关临床信息为自变量X进行主成分改进的多分类Logistic回归分析,确立各证侯要素对该证侯的贡献度；据OR值分各疾病各异常体液主症、次症。变量进入回归方程的检验水准为0.05,剔除出回归方程的检验水准为0.1。(2)用方用药的专家咨询研究—进行量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究的同时收集、归纳专家经验型处方并录入数据；(3)文献研究—以“国内现存的维医古医籍及国内公开发行的综合性医籍中维医专卷”为基础,检索其中与研究对象有关的治疗处方并录入数据；经验型处方及文献研究资料的统计分析应用频数统计方法；处方药按频次做降序排列,作为最终提取处方组方的指征范围,选择出现频次高于相应异常体液型处方总数60%的药物作为高频处方组方的指征。
结果：
1.1支气管哮喘
表现为反复发作的喘息、气急、胸闷或咳嗽,遇变应原、冷空气、物理、化学性刺激、呼吸道感染、运动,药物突然发病或症状加重；以侯间哮鸣有声,呼吸喘促,甚则不能平卧为特征。进一步做支气管激发试验、运动试验和支气管舒张试验有助于确定诊断
异常黑胆质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：小便青色,舌质青紫,皮肤较凉,脉象细、硬；次症：面色晦暗,口味苦涩。
异常血液质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色发红,结膜充血,舌体短、胖,皮肤较热；次症：大便不干,小便黄赤,痰黄粘稠,排吐不利,脉象粗、有力。
异常粘液质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口黏,舌苔白色厚腻,小便清长,痰粘呈白色,大便干结；次症：口淡无味,结膜发白。
异常胆液质型除了上述支气管哮喘病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症人面发黄,结膜发黄,皮肤热,小便偏黄,脉象细、浮；次症：舌体瘦薄、不充,口味甘苦,大便干。
1.2慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)
表现为慢性咳嗽、咳痰,痰多及烦躁,喘息气促,或胸部膨满、憋闷如塞,心悸浮肿等,以喘、咳、痰、胀为特征；重者可出现昏迷、喘脱等危重证侯。进一步做肺功能检查,X线检查有助于确定诊断。
异常黑胆质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：舌质青紫,口味苦涩,小便青色；次症：心神不宁,结膜发青,舌苔晦暗,皮肤粗糙。
异常血液质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色发红,结膜充血,大便干,脉象粗、有力；次症：口不渴,口味微苦,尿色黄赤,痰粘易咯出,痰中带血丝。
异常粘液质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：目光黯淡,口黏不渴,便秘,睡眠较多；次症：少气懒言,而色偏白,痰粘色白、不易咯出,脉数,肢体沉重、麻木。
异常胆液质型除了上述COPD的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色无华,口味甘苦,皮肤较热,痰色淡黄,脉象细、浮。次症：人面黄白,结膜发黄,口干口渴,大便干结,痰粘不易咯出。
1.3冠心病(冠心病心绞痛、冠心病心肌梗死)
表现为胸骨后或左胸部有压迫感或疼痛,范围常不局限；也有上腹部、颈部、咽部等处疼痛。疼痛性质常为闷痛,也有隐痛、胀痛、烧痛、绞痛,常有窒息感、沉重感或仅感胸部不适。疼痛常放射到背部上方、左臂、胃脘部、甚至可放射至下颌、颈部、中指或小指,合并心悸、乏力、气促,劳累或精神紧张往往是它的诱发因素,进一步做相关辅助检查有助于确定诊断[2]
异常黑胆质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—心神不宁,唇色青紫,舌苔晦暗,皮肤较凉,小便青色；次症—舌质青紫,尿量少,多梦、噩梦。
异常血液质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—面色发红,结膜稍红,口干、口味微苦,脉象粗、有力,大便干结；次症—睡眠尚少,阵发性出汗,小便橙黄。
异常粘液质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—少气懒言,唇色淡白,口黏,口淡无味,出汗较多,肢体沉重；次症—面色苍白,舌苔白腻,舌体有齿痕,脉象沉、弱,睡眠较多,尿量较多。
异常胆液质型除了上述冠心病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—面色无华,眼神无力,结膜偏黄,皮肤较热,脉象细、硬,舌苔黄腻；次症—心急易怒,面色暗黄,口味甘苦,皮肤粗糙,尿色发黄。
1.4原发性高血压
表现为无明确原因的头晕、头痛、颈项板紧、疲劳、心悸等,呈轻度持续性,在紧张或劳累后加重,多数症状自行缓解；也可出现耳鸣、视力模糊、鼻出血等。血压,未服用降压药物情况下,2次或2次以上非同日多次血压测定平均收缩压≥140mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90mmHg,进一步做相关辅助检查有助于确定诊断[2]
异常黑胆质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—多梦、噩梦,心神不宁,脉象细、硬,小便青色,舌质青紫；次症—大便干燥,舌苔晦暗,口味苦涩,面色晦暗,肢体酸痛,唇色发黑不润,夜间出汗。
异常血液质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—结膜稍红,舌尖红,脉象粗、短、有力,面色发红。次症—小便黄赤,皮肤较热,舌苔光滑,陈发性出汗,口味微苦,皮肤细嫩,眼神暗淡无光。
异常粘液质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—脉象沉、弱,口淡无味,出汗较多,便秘,肢体沉重。次症—疲乏,舌苔白腻,面色无华,睡眠较多,面色晄白,边缘齿痕,口黏,皮肤较湿,唇色淡白。
异常胆液质型除了上述高血压病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症—皮肤较热,情绪紧张,脉象细、浮、硬,失眠、睡觉易醒,舌苔黄色,面色偏黄。次症—舌瘦薄(舌体不充),口味甘苦,结膜偏黄,小便偏黄,尿量少。
1.5 2型糖尿病
表现为多饮、多尿、多食和形体消瘦,或尿有甜味为主要症状；查空腹、餐后2h血糖和尿糖,尿比重,葡萄糖耐量试验等检查有助于确定诊断,即任意时间血浆葡萄糖水平≥11.1 mmol/L或空腹血浆葡萄糖水平≥7.Ommol/L或OGTT(糖耐量实验)实验中,血糖水平(PG水平)≥11.1mmol/L[2];
异常黑胆质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：心神不宁,口干,舌苔为薄白苔,舌质色紫暗,口味苦涩；次症：唇色青紫,舌体胖、短,小便青色。
异常血液质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：皮肤较热,脉象粗、有力,眼睛暗淡无光,结膜稍红；次症：舌质色暗、舌苔光滑,面色发红,皮肤略粗。
异常粘液质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：唇色淡白,精神疲惫,口黏,舌苔白腻；次症：面色晄白,结膜发白,睡眠较多,脉象沉、缓。
异常胆液质型除了上述2型糖尿病的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：心烦,面色黄白,唇色淡不润,结膜发黄,皮肤较热,脉象细数；次症：面色无华,眼睛暗淡无光,舌有黄苔,皮肤粗糙。
1.6恶性肿瘤
表现为不明原因的消瘦、贫血、乏力、发热、顽固性疼痛等症；进一步做相关辅助检查有助于确定诊断[2]。
异常黑胆质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：目光无神,唇色暗,舌质青紫,舌苔晦暗,小便青色；次症：心神不宁,皮肤较凉,舌体瘦薄、不充,大便干结,夜间出汗,多梦、噩梦。
异常血液质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色发红,目光乏神,舌质暗红,皮肤较热,皮肤湿、嫩；次症：脉象粗、有力,睡眠尚少。
异常粘液质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：少气懒言,面色晄白,口黏,皮肤较凉、湿,尿色清长,睡眠较多；次症：口淡无味,尿量偏多。
异常胆液质型：除了上述恶性肿瘤的共同表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：易怒,结膜发黄,唇色苍白,口干,皮肤干、较热,脉象细、短；次症：口味甘苦,舌体瘦薄,大便干色黄,脉搏快。
1.7溃疡性结肠炎
表现为腹泻、粘液脓血便或血水样便,每日10次以上,左下腹或下腹部陈发性、痉挛性绞痛伴有里急后重,偶有恶心、呕吐、腹胀、食欲不振、发热等症；病情轻重悬殊,多数病程缓慢,有反复发作的趋势,亦有急性爆发者。结肠镜检查有助于确定诊断[2]。
异常黑胆质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口干不欲饮,舌苔晦暗,多梦、噩梦,小便青色,口味苦涩,唇色紫暗,舌质青紫；次症：心神不宁,皮肤粗、凉。
异常血液质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：睡眠尚少,脉象粗、有力,结膜发红,舌质色深；次症：口味甘苦,皮肤较热。
异常粘液质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口黏,睡眠差,烦躁,皮肤凉、湿；次症—面色发白,口淡无味,尿量较多,小便清长。
异常胆液质型：除了上述溃疡性结肠炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：皮肤热,口干口渴,脉象细、浮,心急易怒,人面发黄,结膜微黄,唇色苍白,小便黄赤；次症：舌体瘦、薄,口苦。
1.8风湿性关节炎
风湿性关节炎表现为游走性的多关节炎,侵犯数个大关节,局部呈现红、肿、热、痛。急性发作时受累关节呈红、肿、灼热、疼痛和压痛,活动受限制,伴有发热。查血清抗链球菌溶血素0滴度,X线检查有助于确定诊断[2]
异常黑胆质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色晦暗,结膜发青,舌苔晦暗；次症：口味苦涩,多梦、噩梦。
异常血液质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：口干,皮肤较热,脉象粗、数、有力,睡眠尚少,面色发红,舌质暗红；次症：肢体沉重。
异常粘液质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：面色无华、色白,口黏,舌苔白腻；睡眠较多,肢体沉重；次症：脉象粗、沉、弱、缓。
异常胆液质型：除了上述风湿性关节炎的特有表现外,非疾病诊断相关的临床信息中主症：结膜发黄,皮肤较热,口味甘苦；次症：面色发黄。
2.1支气管哮喘
异常黑胆质型：
生药：亚麻子50g,研粉,炼密150g,做蜜膏,早晚各服一次,每服7-9g；
罂粟子20g,大枣20g,铁线蕨15g,神香草15g,甘草根15g,水煎服,每服50ml,每日3次；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；罗欧克安据尔舔剂,每服8g,每日3次；罗欧克巴旦木舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；谢日比提比合苏斯糖浆,每服100ml,每日3次；艾比哈日混丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；谢日比提斯坎吉本安斯力醋糖浆Ⅰ每服30ml,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,蜀葵花子10g,睡莲花10g,麻黄20g,罂粟壳10g,水煎服或熏蒸,每日2次。
成药：罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服30g,每日3次；谢日比提海西哈西糖浆,每服4ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
生药：甘松9g、孜然6g,加水500ml,煎之200ml,药液加蜂蜜20g,和匀,早晚分服；洋茴香4g加水300ml,煎之1OOml,药液加蜂蜜20g,和匀,分两次吞服。
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；艾比哈日混丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；寒喘祖帕颗粒,每服12g,每日3次；夏日比提祖帕糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；谢日比提斯坎吉本安斯力醋糖浆Ⅱ,每服30ml,每日3次。艾热克檀香蒸露剂,每服30ml,每日3次；艾热克小茴香蒸露剂,每服50ml,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,睡莲花10g,蜀葵花10g,麻黄20g,罂粟壳1Og,水煎服,每日1剂；楹勃子10g(单独浸泡取汁),甘草根12g,铁线蕨9g,破布木果12g,水煎,药液加楹勃子汁,早晚各服一次,每服50ml。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；谢日比提海西哈西糖浆,每服4ml,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10ml,每日3次；罗欧克巴日德舔剂,每服12g,每日3次。
2.2慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)
异常黑胆质型：
生药：无花干果80g,红葡萄100g,红松子20g,开心果20g,小茴香10g,葫芦巴10g,棉花子10g,巴旦仁20g,牛舌草15,水煎服,过滤,加500ml白砂糖,每服50-70ml,早晚各一次；神香草15g,铁线蕨15g,牛舌草10g,破布木果15g,甘草根15g,蜀葵花15g,共水煎制成卡西卡甫,每服50-70ml,每日2次；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克安据尔舔剂,每服8g,每日3次；孜马地晒维赛敷剂,每次30g,每日2次,外用；罗欧克苏阿力舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；罗欧克巴旦木舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；买朱尼乌尔木力开比日蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；
异常血液质型：
生药：蜀葵子15g,天山堇菜10g,甘草膏7g,破布木果13g,粉碎,和腺毛车前子罗阿比混合外敷于肩胛间区及喉咽部；
成药：谢日比提欧西白糖浆,每服50ml,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克巴日德舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；苏福非苏阿力散Ⅰ,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克海西哈西舔剂,每服6g,每日3次；艾日克夏合塔热蒸露,每服100ml,每日3次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：甘草根15g,神香草20g,铁线蕨15g,蜀葵花20g,共研粉,加适量巴旦油,制成孜马迪,外敷于肩胛间区；
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；谢日比提祖法糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；谢日比提比合苏斯糖浆,每服100ml,每日3次；买朱尼祖法蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；艾比哈日混小丸,每服2g,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：破布木果30g,天山堇菜10g,蜀葵子15g,蜀葵花15g,铁线蕨20g,水煎制成卡西卡甫,每服60ml,每日2次；天山堇菜10g,破布木果15g,牛舌草5g,茴香7g,铁线蕨15g,葫芦巴20g,水煎制成卡西卡甫,每服60ml,每日2次；葫芦油外敷于肩胛间区。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；罗欧克赤里窝咱舔剂,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂舔剂,每服10g,每日3次；罗欧克安据尔舔剂,每服15g,每日3次；罗欧克苏阿力舔剂,每服15g,每日3次。艾日克克孜力古力蒸露,每服80ml,每日3次。
2.3冠心病
异常黑胆质型：
生药：薰衣草、香青兰、甘松各15g,枸橼皮、阿月混子、藏红花果、丁香各10g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次；孜日克、葫芦巴、牛蛇草等药的罗阿比外敷于胸部,每次20g,4小时一次；甘松、阿月混子、藏红花果各10g,粉碎,和牛蛇草罗阿比混合外敷于胸部。
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；合米日高孜班安拜尔糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；木排日艾比日西木爽心口服液,每服10mml,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；达瓦衣米西克西仁,每服3g,每日3次；买提布合艾非提蒙汤,每服100ml,每日3次；艾热克巴德然吉布亚蒸露,每服30mml,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：欧烟堇15g,红玫瑰、炙芫荽实、黄花柳、檀香、天山堇菜、睡莲花、阿勃勒各10g,菊苣子10g,香青兰20g,水煎服,每服30mml,每日3次；大枣15个,蓝莓、欧李各10个,桃子干、杏子干各20个,香青兰25g,红玫瑰10g,制成茶剂服,每服9g,每日3次；天山堇菜、罂粟壳、蜀葵花、野苜蓿子各取15g,芫荽实10g,共研粉,加亚麻籽、腺毛车前子罗阿比和玫瑰花油,制成孜马迪,外敷于胸部；
成药：伊提日非力夏塔热诃子膏,每服10g,每日3次；合米日散代力糖膏,每服6g,每日3次；合米日买日瓦日德糖膏,每服6g,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：丁香、甘松、香青兰、肉桂各取适量,粉碎,用艾热克散代力蒸露,制成孜马迪,外敷于胸部,每日2次；孜然粉、莳萝子、芸香、天仙子各30g,水煎制成浓缩液,加适量巴旦油,保温状态下外敷于胸部,用纱布绑上；
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；木排日艾比日西木爽心口服液,每服10mml,每日3次；达瓦衣米西克哈日,每服3g,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；合米日高孜班安拜尔糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；
异常胆液质型：
生药：檀香、牛蛇草、天山堇菜、阿勃勒、睡莲花、蜀葵花、金盏花、甘松各5g,粉碎,制成茶剂服,每服9g,每日3次；檀香50g,研粉,取适量艾热克巴德然吉布亚蒸露,制成孜马迪外敷于胸部；小麦皮、野苜蓿子、洋甘菊、牛蛇草各区10g,研粉,加适量巴旦油,制成孜马迪外敷于胸部。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每次3次；买提布合艾里勒汤,每服30ml,每日3次；谢日比提阿其克阿那尔糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；木排日艾比日西木爽心口服液,每服10mml,每日3次；合米日艾比日西木糖膏,每服4g,每日3次；谢日比提散代力糖浆,每服6ml,每日3次；合米日买日瓦日德糖膏,每服6g,每日3次。
2.4高血压
异常黑胆质型：
生药：香青兰和牛蛇草各20g,用开水浸泡10分钟,加少量白砂糖服用；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；艾比库克亚丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；合米日买散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提散代理糖浆,每服10mml,每日3次；谢日比提巴德然吉布亚糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：蓝莓10g,罗望子7g,大枣15g,桃子干10g,杏仁干10g,青蓝10g,祠堂10g,制成茶剂内服,每服3g,每日3次；
成药：合米日散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提其郎糖浆,每服30mml,每日3次；伊提日非力开西尼孜,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提比乃非谢糖浆,每服60mml,每日3次；艾热克散代力蒸露,每服50～150ml,每日3次；艾热克比地米西克蒸露,每服30～100ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；合米日散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；合米日艾比日西木糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；合米日高孜班糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；艾比库克亚丸剂,每服2g,每日3次；阿米勒努西达日,每服10g,每日3次；伊提日非力开西尼孜诃子膏,每服10g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：大枣15g,蓝莓草9g,罗望子10g,桃子干、杏仁干各10g,祠堂20g,菊苣子、黄花柳10g,用开水浸泡,分服。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；合米日散代力糖膏,每服10g,每日3次；买提布合艾里勒汤,每服30mml,每日3次；买提布合艾菲提蒙汤,每服1 OOml,每日3次；伊提日非力开西尼孜诃子膏每服10g,每日3次。
2.5 2型糖尿病
异常黑胆质型：
生药：卡巴比其尼浴剂,外用,每日1次；拉琴达尼茶剂,每服20g,每日2次；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；库日斯塔巴西尔卡福尔片,每服4g,每日3次；艾比阿扎拉克小丸,每服1.5g,每日3次；库日斯衣木萨克片,每服1g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片2号,每服1.2g,每日3次；孜亚比提散,每服10g,每日3次；复方夏卡库力片,每服1.2g,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：芹菜子60g,小茴香、阿育魏实、菊苣子各20g,酸浆、无花果干、甜瓜子各30g,粗研,在1.5L开水中浸泡4-8个小时,煎煮,药液加适量白砂糖,每服40mml,早晚各服一次；卡巴比其尼浴剂,外用,每日1次。
成药：谢日比提艾非散厅糖浆,每服40ml,每日3次；买朱尼乌尔木力开比尔蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比土斯片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比土斯片2号,每服1.2g,每日3次；孜亚比提散,每服10g,每日3次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：玫瑰花、石榴花、酸莫各15g,天竺黄、莴苣子、马齿苋子、芫荽实各6g,粗研,制成茶剂分服,每服10g,每日3次；卡巴比其尼浴剂,外用,一日次。
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；合米日散代力土如西,每服15g,每日3次；艾比阿扎拉克小丸,每服1.5g,每日3次；库日斯衣木萨克片,每服1g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比提片2号,每服1.2g,每日3次；孜亚比提散,每服10g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：欧玉柱50g研粉,欧白芨20研粉、马齿苋子、黄瓜子、腺毛车前子各20g,茶叶10g,洋李7个,用开水浸泡分服,每服30-50ml,每日3次。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；库日斯塔巴西尔片,每服1g,每日3次；强身马达土力阿亚提蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；罗布比卡比热蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库日斯孜亚比土斯片1号,每服1.2g,每日3次。
2.6恶性肿瘤
异常黑胆质型：
生药：湖蛙100g,小白蛇120g,百花蛇90g,炙鹿茸、人参、炙珍珠各20g,骆驼篷子35g,甘草根30g,红松子、阿月浑子、罂粟壳、破布木果各25g,阿拉伯胶、西黄芪胶、焦蛋壳各15g,粉碎,制成粉剂,每服7g,早晚各一次,饭后服用；
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼马日阿非蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；买朱尼欧西白蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；麻吾力拉合米,每服30g,每日3次；库尔斯赛尔堂片剂,每服3g,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：白花蛇一个(头部和尾部剪掉5-10cm,清楚内脏),羊肉500g,用铁锅煎煮,每服7-9g,每日三次；糊蛙、小白蛇、白花蛇各15g,牛舌草、香青兰、薰衣草、铁线蕨、小茴香、欧烟堇各10g,破布木果、大枣、刺糖各30g,菟丝草、番泻叶20g,用1.5L开水浸泡4-6小时,分服,每服60-80ml,早晚各服一次,饭后服用；成药：苏福非马日阿非散,每服3g,每日3次；罗欧克赛尔皮斯堂添剂,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库尔斯赛尔堂片剂,每服1g,每日3次；苏福非赛尔堂散,每服3g,每日3次；麻吾力拉合米,每服30g,每日3次；艾热克龙葵果蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次；艾热克巴地洋蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
生药：牛舌草、香青兰、薰衣草、铁线蕨、欧烟堇、湖蛙、小白蛇各10g,破布木果15g,大枣、刺糖各30g,在1.5L开水中浸泡4-8个小时,煎成一半,分服,每服60-80ml,每日3次,饭后服用；白花蛇一个(头部和尾部剪掉5-10cm,清楚内脏),使他自然干,粉碎加等量干姜制成散,每服6g,每日3次；蛇蜕、蜂窝、僵蚕各60g,粉碎,制成散剂,每服10g,每日3次。
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼马日阿非蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；朱瓦日西加力努斯消食膏,每服6g,每日3次；苏福非赛尔堂散,每服3g,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：白花蛇5g,湖蛙5g,炙螃蟹10g,把药物放在一个小鸽子腹腔里,煎煮,分两次吞服；
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；买朱尼阿非阿蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；买朱尼马日阿非蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；谢日比提比乃非谢糖浆,每服30ml,每日3次；库尔斯赛尔堂片剂,每服3g,每日3次;苏福非马日阿非散,每服3g,每日3次；苏福非赛尔堂散,每服3g,每日3次。艾热克确比其尼蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次。
2.7溃疡性结肠炎
异常黑胆质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,茴香10g,菊苣根10g,马蔺根15g,芹菜根10g,菟丝子10g,红玫瑰10g,马齿苋子10g,睡莲花10g,铁线蕨15g,浸泡12个小时,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次；天竺黄5g,淀粉10g,榲勃子10g,粉碎,制成粉剂,分两次服；长角豆、榲勃子、孜然、鞣树果、罂粟壳、香桃木实、洋乳香、橡子、芫荽实各10g粉碎,制成粉剂,用艾热克高孜班送服,每服50ml,每日3次。
成药：消食阿米勒努西达日蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；平溃加瓦日西麦尔瓦依提蜜膏,每服5g,每日3次；买朱尼昆都尔蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；库尔斯古力片,每服4g,每日3次；买朱尼代比地力外尔地蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；苏福非卡比子灌肠剂,30g,灌肠,1日1次。
异常血液质型：
生药：天山堇菜10g,睡莲花10g,菊苣子10g,芹菜子10g,菊苣根10g,芫荽实子10g,鸦片15g,大枣15g,制成卡西卡浦,每服50ml,每日3次；榲勃子12g,腺毛车前子10g,天竺黄10g,罗勒子10g,马齿苋子10g,莴苣子10g,茴香根10g,芹菜根10g,水煎服,每服30～60ml,每日3次；天竺黄6g,淀粉7g,芫荽实子10g,研粉制成粉剂,每服3克,每日3次；
成药：复方鲁阿比衣斯批胡力,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提艾布拉斯糖浆,每服30mml,每日3次；罗欧克比乃非谢舔剂,每次6g,含服；库尔斯孜日西克片,每服2g,每日2次；
异常粘液质型：
生药：天山堇菜花、菊苣子、蜀葵花子、金盏花、无核龙葵果、茴香、菊苣根各10g,浸泡取汁,和谢日比提白祖日哈尔糖浆送服,每服30ml,每日3次；
成药：苏福非卡比子散,每服5g,每日3次；消食阿米勒努西达日蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；平溃加瓦日西麦尔瓦依提蜜膏,每服5g,每日3次；买朱尼那尼花蜜膏,每服10g,每日3次；库尔斯古力片,每服4g,每日3次；苏福非卡比子灌肠剂,每次30g,灌肠,1日1次；艾热克夏胡拉(龙葵果)蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次；艾热克巴地洋蒸露,每服30ml,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：莴苣子12g,马齿苋子12g,罗勒子12g,车亲自12g,葫芦子仁24g,黄瓜子24g,天竺黄30g,赤石脂30g,鸦片1g,水浸泡取汁,加适量谢日比提比也糖浆,拌匀,分服,每服30ml,每日2次；
成药：复方鲁阿比衣斯批胡力,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提艾布拉斯糖浆每服30mml,每日3次；朱瓦日西台米日印地消食膏,每服5g,每日3次；朱瓦日西麦尔瓦依提密膏每,每服5g,每日3次；买朱尼昆都尔蜜膏,每服6g,每日3次；苏福非卡比子灌肠剂,每次30g,灌肠,1日1次。
2.8风湿性关节炎
异常黑胆质型：
成药：异常黑胆质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常黑胆质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；买朱尼苏仁江蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；谢日比提白祖日糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；买朱尼朱瓦日西加力努斯消食膏,每服6g,每日3次；买朱尼阿扎拉克蜜膏每服2g,每日3次。
异常血液质型：
生药：腺毛车前子和玫瑰花油,制成糊剂,外敷于局部；檀香10g,红檀香10g,红玫瑰10g,阿拉伯胶树汁12g,共研粉与芫荽实制成孜马迪,外敷于局部；秋水仙18g,欧烟堇18g,罗望子20g,蓝莓14g,诃子16g,刺糖16g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次。天山堇菜,牛舌草,大枣,破布木果,龙葵果各20g,刺糖40g制成卡西卡甫,每服50ml,每日3次。
成药：库尔斯苏仁江片,每服2g,每日3次；谢日比提欧西白糖浆,每服20ml,每日3次；伊特日非力确比其尼诃子膏,每服10g,每日3次。艾热克确比其尼蒸露,每服50ml,每日3次。
异常粘液质型：
生药：野苜蓿子15g,莳萝10g,蜀葵花15g,没药7g,芦荟5g,大戟脂5g,粉碎,和玫瑰花拌匀制成孜马迪,外敷于局部；莴苣子15g,天仙子15g,白花丹3g,鸦片1.5g,研粉,加适量的蜂蜜调成糊内服,每服2g,每日2次,饭后服用；伯孜旦10g,秋水仙10g、药西瓜10g、大戟脂10g、黑孜然10g等取等量制成孜马迪外敷；
成药：异常粘液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常粘液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日3次；买朱尼苏仁江蜜膏,每服3g,每日3次；谢日比提白祖日糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次；买提布合苏仁江汤每服20ml,每日3次。
异常胆液质型：
生药：秋水仙10g,欧烟堇10g,罗望子10g,蓝莓15g,无核葡萄10g,诃子皮20g,决明子10g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次。兔丝草30g,黄诃子皮30g,薰衣草30g,欧烟堇15g,谁龙骨15g,番泻叶15g,阿里红3g,芦荟6g,水煎服,每服30ml,每日3次。
成药：异常胆液质成熟剂,每服75ml,每日3次；异常胆液质清除剂,每服75ml,每日2次；苏福非苏仁江散,每服10g,每日3次；谢日比提白祖日糖浆,每服15ml,每日3次。
结论：
1.以非疾病诊断相关临床信息为依据,进行量化诊断入选项专家咨询研究,建立了支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、高血压、冠心病、2型糖尿病、肿瘤、溃疡性结肠炎、风湿性关节炎等复杂性疾病的维医异常体液病证分型诊断标准及其用方规范。
2.现代医学除具有它自己的、特有的、个性的疾病的物质基础以外,它可能还有不同的亚型；因为从维医的临床分型上,我们发现每一个疾病都分为四型,说明现代医学疾病还会被再分。
3.现代医学要向更高境界提升和发展,维吾尔医学的分型方法对它来说也是一个启迪。
4.要用现代生物学手段来进一步寻找复杂性疾病的物质基础,找到它亚型的生物学特征,并为其治疗提供线索、为其治疗提供靶点、为其治疗提供新的思路。
Objective:
Select complex diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, malignant tumor, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and to establish their diagnosis criteria of Uighur medical abnormal Hilit type and corresponding prescription criteria.
Materials and Methods:
The originate of cases---from July 2008 to October 2009 selected 180 cases of bronchial asthma,251 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,430 cases of hypertension,180 cases of coronary heart disease,305 cases of diabetes,180 cases of cancer, 137 cases of rheumatoid arthritis,129 cases of ulcer colitis, altogether 1792 cases from hospitalized patients who were in First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Third Affiliated Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hospital of Hutan City, Hospital of Hutan region. Diagnostic criteria based on the General Higher Education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (sixth edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying. Operations and Methods:(1)Delphi method--6 Uyghur medical experts were separated into two groups and in accordance with free disease clinical diagnostic information (mental state, complexion, skin quality, eye changes, skin temperature, drink desire and taste, stool, urine, tongue picture, pulse) do a quantitative diagnosis specialist counseling in five hospitals. SPSS 18.0 statistical analysis software was utilized to multiple regression analysis, collinearity diagnosis and principal component analysis, STATA 11.0 was utilized to matrix calculate the Delphi method results. Uighur medicine abnormal Hilit typing based on syndrome differentiations (Y1=abnormal savda type, Y2=abnormal kan type, Y3=abnormal balgham type, Y4=abnormal saprah type) were as a dependent variable, free disease clinical diagnostic information as a independent variable X, did a principle component analysis of multi-category logistic regression, establish contribution of each syndrome factors to the syndrome. According to OR value classify chief symptoms and subsequent symptoms of each abnormal Hilit.. Size of test of the Variable into the regression equation was 0.05, remove level was 0.1.(2) Collect expert experienced prescriptions by Delphi method:collect, summarize expert experienced prescriptions and entry them into the database during the screening of quantitative diagnosis specialist counseling. (3) Literature survey:according to the "domestic existing ancient Uighur medical books and Uighur medicine volumes in domestic publicly offered comprehensive medical books ", and search the prescriptions those related to the study objects from these books and entry them into the database. Frequency statistics method was used to analyze expert experienced prescriptions and literature survey materials. Done a descending order according to the frequency of herbs in the prescriptions. As an indication scope for the final extracted prescriptions., by orders of frequency select the prescriptions that occurrence frequency higher than 60% of the number of total prescriptions as the indication of high frequency occurrence prescriptions.
Results:
1.1 Bronchial asthma
Accordance with the diagnosis criteria of bronchial asthma in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms are greenish urine, cyanotic tongue quality, cooler skin, thready、hard pulse. Subsequent symptoms are dark and gloomy complexion, bitter taste.
For abnormal kan type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms are reddish complexion, reddish conjunctiva, short、fat tongue, hotter skin. The second important symptoms are dry stools, deep-colored urine, yellow sticky sputum, thick、strong pulse.
For abnormal balgham type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms are sticky mouth, greasy, thick white fur, thick and low coloured urine, white and sticky tongue coating, dry stool. Subsequent symptoms are metallic taste, pale conjunctiva.
For abnormal sapra type bronchial asthma:Chief symptoms——yellowish complexion, yellowish conjunctiva, hot skin, yellowish urine, thready、floating pulse. Subsequent symptoms are thin tongue, bittersweet taste, dry and hard stool.
1.2 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type COPD:Chief symptoms are dark purple tongue, sour taste, thick pale urine. Subsequent symptoms are heart-mind dysfunction, greenish conjunctiva, dark and gloomy fur, rough and dry skin quality.
For abnormal kan type COPD:Chief symptoms are reddish complexion, reddish conjunctiva, dried and hardened stool, thicks strong pulse (strong and wavelike pulse). Subsequent symptoms are thirstlessness, gently bitter taste, deep colored urine, sticky sputum and easy to spit, blood stained sputum.
For abnormal balgham type COPD:Chief symptoms are less eyes expression, sticky mouth, constipation, much need for sleep. Subsequent symptoms are low spirit, pale complexion, sticky white sputum and not easy to spit, slow pulse rate, heavy and numbness in limbs.
For abnormal sapra type COPD:Chief symptoms are pale complexion, bittersweet taste, hotter skin quality, yellowish sputum, thready、floating pulse. Subsequent symptoms—light yellow complexion, yellowish conjunctiva, desire for drinks, dried and hardened stool, sticky sputum and not easy to spit.
1.3 Coronary heart disease (coronary heart disease angina pectoris, coronary heart disease myocardial infarction)
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of coronary heart disease angina pectoris, coronary heart disease myocardial infarction in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information,
For abnormal savda type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are heart-mind dysfunction, cyanotic lips, grey-black fur, cooler skin, greenish urine. Subsequent symptoms are cyanotic tongue quality, less urine, much dream and nightmare.
For abnormal kan type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are flushed complexion, tiny redness conjunctiva, dry mouth, mildly bitter flavor taste, strong and wavelike pulse, dried and hardened stool. Subsequent symptoms are sleep disturbed, paroxysmal sweating, orange urine.
For abnormal balgham type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are lower spirit, pale lips, sticky mouth, metallic taste, spontaneous sweating, numbness in limb. Subsequent symptoms are pale complexion, greasy white tongue coating, indentation boundary of tongue, weak and deep pulse, much need for sleep, more urine.
For abnormal sapra type coronary heart disease:chief symptoms are dim complexion, less eyes expression, yellowish conjunctiva, dry and warm skin, thready* hard pulse, yellow and dry tongue coating. Subsequent symptoms areacute mind and excessive anger, dark yellow complexion, bittersweet taste, rough and dry skin, light yellow urine.
1.4 Essential Hypertension
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of essential hypertension in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information,
For abnormal savda type hypertension:chief symptoms are dreaminess, nightmare, heart-mind dysfunction, thready and hard pulse, thin pale urine, cyanotic tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are dry stool, dark and gloomy tongue quality, bitter taste, dark and gloomy complexion, sour pain in limb, dark red lips, sweating at night.
For Abnormal kan type hypertension:chief symptoms are reddish conjunctiva, red tip of tongue, thick、short、strong pulse, reddish complexion. Subsequent symptoms are deep colored urine, hotter skin, smooth fur, paroxysmal sweating, bitter taste, less eye expression.
For abnormal balgham type hypertension:chief symptoms are deep、weak pulse, flat feeling in mouth, too much sweating, constipation, heavy limbs. Subsequent symptoms are white and sticky tongue coating, bright pale complexion, indentation boundary of tongue, sticky mouth, relatively moist skin, pale lips.
For abnormal sapra type hypertension:chief symptoms are warm skin, emotional tension, thready and floating hard pulse, insomnia, restless sleep, yellow fur, yellowish complexion. Subsequent symptoms are thin tongue, bittersweet taste, yellowish conjunctiva, deep yellow urine, less urine.
1.5 Type 2 diabetes
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of diabetes in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information,
For abnormal savda type diabetes:Chief symptoms are not peaceful in mind, dry mouth, thin white tongue coating, dark purple tongue quality, bitter taste. Subsequent symptoms are cyanotic lips, fat、short tongue, thin and pale urine.
For abnormal kan type diabetes:Chief symptoms are hotter skin, thick、strong pulse, less ayes expression, reddish conjunctiva. Subsequent symptoms are dark red tongue quality. smooth fur, reddish complexion, slightly rough skin.
For abnormal balgham type diabetes:Chief symptoms are pale lips, mental weary, sticky mouth, white and greasy tongue coating. Subsequent symptoms are pale complexion, whitish conjunctiva, much need for sleep, deep, slow pulse.
For abnormal sapra type diabetes:Chief symptoms are Acute mind and excessive anger, yellowish complexion, pale lips, yellowish conjunctiva, hotter skin. Subsequent symptoms are dim complexion, less eye expression, yellow fur, rough skin.
1.6 Malignant Tumor
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of bronchial asthma in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are less eyes expression, dim lips, cyanotic tongue quality, dark and gloomy fur, greenish urine. Subsequent symptoms are not peaceful in mind, cooler skin, thin tongue, dry stool, sweating at night, dreaminess, nightmare.
For abnormal kan type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are reddish complexion, lack of eyes expression, dark red tongue quality, hotter skin, moist and soft skin. Subsequent symptoms are thick, strong pulse, sleep less.
For abnormal balgham type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are low spirit and unpleasant, pale complexion, sticky mouth, cooler and moist skin quality, thick and low colored urine in large amounts, much need for sleep. Subsequent symptoms are pale and tasteless mouth, frequent and more urine.
For abnormal sapra type Malignant Tumor:Chief symptoms are easy to anger, yellowish conjunctiva, pale lips, dry mouth, dry and hotter skin quality, thready, short fast pulse. Subsequent symptoms are bittersweet taste, thin tongue, dry and yellowish stool.
1.7 Ulcerative colitis
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of Ulcerative colitis in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information
For abnormal savda type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms are dry mouth without drink desire, dark and gloomy fur, dreaminess, nightmare, pale urine, bitter taste, dark purple lips, cyanotic tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are not peaceful in mind, rough and cooler skin.
For abnormal kan type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms are sleep less, thick, strong pulse, reddish conjunctiva, dark red tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are bitter sweet taste, tepid skin quality.
For abnormal balgham type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms are sticky mouth, low quality of sleep, fretful, cool and moist skin. Subsequent symptoms are whitish complexion, metallic taste (tasteless), increase urine volume, thin and pale urine.
For abnormal sapra type ulcerative colitis:Chief symptoms—hot skin, dry mouth, thready, floating pulse, irritability, yellowish conjunctiva, yellowish complexion, pale lips, deep colored urine. Subsequent symptoms are thin tongue and bitter mouth.
1.8 Rheumatic Arthritis
Accord with the diagnosis criteria of Rheumatic, Rheumatoid Arthritis in general higher education "fifth" national planning material named "Internal Medicine" (Sixth Edition) which was edited by Ye Ren Gao and Lu Zai Ying, among free disease clinical diagnostic information:
For abnormal savda type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms are dark and gloomy complexion, greenish conjunctiva, dark and gloomy fur. Subsequent symptoms are bitter and sour taste, frightful dreams.
For abnormal kan type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms are dry mouth, tepid skin quality, fast, thick、strong pulse, sleepless, reddish complexion, dark red tongue quality. Subsequent symptoms are heavy limbs.
For abnormal balgham type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms are pale and dim complextion, sticky mouth, white greasy fur, much need for sleep, heavy limbs. Subsequent symptoms are thick, deep. weak, slow pulse.
For abnormal sapra type Rheumatic Arthritis:Chief symptoms-yellowish conjunctiva, hotter skin, bittersweet taste. Subsequent symptoms-yellowish complexion。2. According to Delphi method and literature survey have established the prescription criteria of complex diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, malignant tumor, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis. During this research, it was found that abnormal Hilit type munziq and mushil were universally used in every disease.
Conclusion:
1. Criteria of abnormal Hilit typing and their corresponding prescriptions in Uyghur medicine have established based on free disease diagnosis related clinical information by a screening of quantitative diagnosis specialist counseling for complex diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, malignant tumor, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis.
2. Modern medicine not only has its own unique, personality material basis, but also may has different subtypes. Because it was found that every disease was classified four types in Uyghur medicine which will imply modern medicine diseases can be subdivided.
3. If modern medicine wants to upgrade and develop to the higher level, it is just the classify methods of Uyghur medicine that can be an inspiration to it.
4. From that can we consider by using modern biology means seek the material basis of complex diseases in Uygur medicine and find out Biological characteristics of their subtypes then by these to provide new clues, to provide new targets and to provide new advanced ideas for their treatment.
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[1]哈木拉提·吾甫尔,阿不都热依木·玉苏甫,吐尔逊·吾甫尔.维医异常体液分型与年龄、性别关系的探讨[J].中国民族民间医药杂志,2003,(61)：84-86
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