基于SDOG的岩石圈板块多尺度数据组织与可视化
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摘要
地球表层岩石圈不仅是人类生活和生产活动的最主要场所,也是给人类带来主要灾难的活动领域,加强对岩石圈尤其是浅层岩石圈的三维结构研究具有重要意义。
本文结合当前岩石圈三维结构的研究现状,如平面模式的平面和剖面图形式难以直观的表现原本复杂的三维岩石圈结构;三棱柱、广义三棱柱等欧式真三维地质建模和数据组织方法在表达大范围的岩石圈结构时存在变形、数据裂缝和度量不准确的问题;基于直接球面流形空间球面格网表达方式又存在维度不足的问题,而基于阴阳格网的三维球体表达模型也存在球面格网非正交,增加数值计算复杂度的问题。在充分了解已有岩石圈板块数据和球体退化八叉树格网(SDOG)多层次、多分辨率和动态扩展编码等特点的基础上,进行如下研究工作:
1.岩石圈板块细节层次模型表设计与数据收集。结合当前已公开的岩石圈数据和SDOG格网可视化速度,设计多层次岩石圈模型表,并结合模型表收集数据。
2.岩石圈板块数据预处理。基于SDOG格网剖分退化的特点,针对多源异构的岩石圈数据进行预处理,生成统一的经纬网格式。
3.岩石圈板块预处理数据组织。设计预处理数据目录表,对生成的经纬网格式岩石圈数据进行组织,并存入关系型数据库。
4.岩石圈板块建模及数据组织。预处理经纬网数据首先转换为设计的离散中间坐标系-NsSDOG数据,然后转换为SDOG格网码数据。基于SDOG格网实现岩石圈板块建模,并设计岩石圈实体表和码属关联表,方便实现任意板块的可视化。
本文的创新之处:
基于一种新的三维空间格网基础框架-SDOG格网,设计了岩石圈板块建模前和建模后的数据结构表,并在可视化效果中验证,按照作者设计的数据结构管理数据具有一定可行性,并且数据结构表具有可扩展性,只需在数据结构表中增加相应的属性字段即可。
Earth's surface lithosphere is not only the most important place of human life for production activities, but also is activity areas which bring a major disaster to human, and some natural disasters occur in the depth of 20km range of the shallow lithosphere, such as earthquakes, landslides, mudslides, tsunamis, typhoons, floods, volcanic eruptions. Human can only have a correct understanding of it, rational development and protect it to ultimately protect the man himself.
In this paper, the current three-dimensional structure of the lithosphere research Status, such as plane and profile the performance of the original form is difficult to visually complex three-dimensional lithospheric structure; prism, triangular prism and other generalized three-dimensional and so on of European space true three-dimensional geological modeling and data organization method for expressing a wide range of rock deformation ring structure exists the data do not accurately measure cracks and problems; Manifold space based on the direct sphere of expression and the existence of space dimensions of the problem of inadequate, Yin and Yang grid-based representation model three-dimensional sphere there are also non-orthogonal spherical grid to increase the numerical complexity of the problem。
The following research work carried out bases on in full knowledge of existing data of the sphere of lithospheric plate, multi-level, multi-resolution and dynamic expansion and other characteristics of Sphere degradation octree grid (SDOG).
1. The lithosphere plate details hierarchical model table design and data collection. According to the current of lithosphere data of already publicly and SDOG grid visualization, design multi-level lithosphere model table, and collect data.
2. Preprocessing of lithosphere plate data. Preprocessing of multi-source heterogeneous lithosphere data based on SDOG, and convert to longitude-latitude geographical format.
3. Organization of pretreatment data. Design struction of data content, organization of longitude-latitude geographical data, and deposited in the relational database.
4. The lithosphere plate modeling and data organization. Longitude-latitude geographical data convert to SDOG format and model lithosphere plate. Design entity content, coding-attribution content.
Innovation points of this paper:
Design the lithosphere plate data structure of before and after of modeling based on SDOG grid, have certain feasibility, and verified in visualization experiment, also have expansibility to add field.
本文结合当前岩石圈三维结构的研究现状,如平面模式的平面和剖面图形式难以直观的表现原本复杂的三维岩石圈结构;三棱柱、广义三棱柱等欧式真三维地质建模和数据组织方法在表达大范围的岩石圈结构时存在变形、数据裂缝和度量不准确的问题;基于直接球面流形空间球面格网表达方式又存在维度不足的问题,而基于阴阳格网的三维球体表达模型也存在球面格网非正交,增加数值计算复杂度的问题。在充分了解已有岩石圈板块数据和球体退化八叉树格网(SDOG)多层次、多分辨率和动态扩展编码等特点的基础上,进行如下研究工作:
1.岩石圈板块细节层次模型表设计与数据收集。结合当前已公开的岩石圈数据和SDOG格网可视化速度,设计多层次岩石圈模型表,并结合模型表收集数据。
2.岩石圈板块数据预处理。基于SDOG格网剖分退化的特点,针对多源异构的岩石圈数据进行预处理,生成统一的经纬网格式。
3.岩石圈板块预处理数据组织。设计预处理数据目录表,对生成的经纬网格式岩石圈数据进行组织,并存入关系型数据库。
4.岩石圈板块建模及数据组织。预处理经纬网数据首先转换为设计的离散中间坐标系-NsSDOG数据,然后转换为SDOG格网码数据。基于SDOG格网实现岩石圈板块建模,并设计岩石圈实体表和码属关联表,方便实现任意板块的可视化。
本文的创新之处:
基于一种新的三维空间格网基础框架-SDOG格网,设计了岩石圈板块建模前和建模后的数据结构表,并在可视化效果中验证,按照作者设计的数据结构管理数据具有一定可行性,并且数据结构表具有可扩展性,只需在数据结构表中增加相应的属性字段即可。
Earth's surface lithosphere is not only the most important place of human life for production activities, but also is activity areas which bring a major disaster to human, and some natural disasters occur in the depth of 20km range of the shallow lithosphere, such as earthquakes, landslides, mudslides, tsunamis, typhoons, floods, volcanic eruptions. Human can only have a correct understanding of it, rational development and protect it to ultimately protect the man himself.
In this paper, the current three-dimensional structure of the lithosphere research Status, such as plane and profile the performance of the original form is difficult to visually complex three-dimensional lithospheric structure; prism, triangular prism and other generalized three-dimensional and so on of European space true three-dimensional geological modeling and data organization method for expressing a wide range of rock deformation ring structure exists the data do not accurately measure cracks and problems; Manifold space based on the direct sphere of expression and the existence of space dimensions of the problem of inadequate, Yin and Yang grid-based representation model three-dimensional sphere there are also non-orthogonal spherical grid to increase the numerical complexity of the problem。
The following research work carried out bases on in full knowledge of existing data of the sphere of lithospheric plate, multi-level, multi-resolution and dynamic expansion and other characteristics of Sphere degradation octree grid (SDOG).
1. The lithosphere plate details hierarchical model table design and data collection. According to the current of lithosphere data of already publicly and SDOG grid visualization, design multi-level lithosphere model table, and collect data.
2. Preprocessing of lithosphere plate data. Preprocessing of multi-source heterogeneous lithosphere data based on SDOG, and convert to longitude-latitude geographical format.
3. Organization of pretreatment data. Design struction of data content, organization of longitude-latitude geographical data, and deposited in the relational database.
4. The lithosphere plate modeling and data organization. Longitude-latitude geographical data convert to SDOG format and model lithosphere plate. Design entity content, coding-attribution content.
Innovation points of this paper:
Design the lithosphere plate data structure of before and after of modeling based on SDOG grid, have certain feasibility, and verified in visualization experiment, also have expansibility to add field.
引文
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[2] Artemieva, I.M.. Global 1°x 1°thermal model TC1 for the continental lithosphere: implications for lithosphere secular evolution[J]. Tectonophysics, 2006,(416):245-277.
[3] Barto Lt. KeithP. Model GTOPO30 Data in ArcView GIS [J]. 2000.
[4] Bassin, C., Laske, G. and Masters, G., The Current Limits of Resolution for Surface Wave Tomography in North America, EOS Trans AGU, 81, F897, 2000.
[5] Chase, C. G., The n - plate problem of plate tectonics [J]. Geophys. J . R.astr. Soc. ,1972(29).
[6] Chase, C. G., Plate kinematics. The Americas, East Africa, and the rest of the world. Earth planet . Sci. Lett., 1978, (37): 355-368.
[7] Christopher Amante Barry W. Eakins. ETOPO1 1 ARC-MINUTE GLOBAL RELIEF MODEL: PROCEDURES, DATA SOURCES AND ANALYSIS [J]. NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-24, pp. 1, 2009, 9.
[8] Clinton P. Conrad, Carolina Lithgow-Bertelloni. Influence of continental roots and asthenosphere on plate-mantle coupling [J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2006, (33):1-4.
[9] Cooper C.M., Lenardic A., Moresi L. The thermal structure of stable continental lithosphere within a dynamic mantle [J]. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 2004, (222):807-817
[10] Demets C G, Gordon R G, Argus D , et al. Current plate motions [J] . Geophys J Int , 1990 , (101):425-478.
[11] Dutton G. Modeling Locational Uncertainty via Hierarchical Tessellation[M]. In: Goodchild M. and Gopal S. (Eds.), Accuracy of Spatial Databases, Tayor and Francis, London, 1989, 125-140.
[12] Dutton, G. Polyhedral hierarchical tessellations: The shape of GIS to come[J]. Geographical Information Systems , 1991,1(3): 49-55.
[13] Kevin Sahr, Denis White. Discrete Global Grid Systems[J]. Computing Science and Statistics.1998
[14] Le Pichon X. , Sea - floor spreading and continent drift[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 1968, (73): 3661-3697.
[15] L P DAAC. Global 30 Arc-Second Elevation Data Set GTOPO30. Land Process Distribution Active Archive Center, 2004 ( http :/ / edcdaac. usgs. gov/ gtopo30. asp )
[16] Minster, J. B. et al., Numerical modeling of instantaneous plate tectonics [J]. Geophys. J. R.astr. Soc., 1974, (36):541-576.
[17] Minster, J. B. and T. H. Jordan. Present - day plate motions [J]. J .Geophys. Res., 1978, (83): 5331-5354.
[18] Peter Bird. An updated digital model of plate boundaries [J]. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 2003,4(3):1027-1077.
[19] Sanford Ballard, James R. Hipp, Christopher J. Young. Efficient and Accurate Calculation of Ray Theory Seismic Travel Time through Variable Resolution 3D Earth Models[J]. Seismological Research Letters ,2009, 80 (6):990-1000.
[20] WD Mooney, G Laske, TG Masters. CRUST 5.1: A global crustal model at 5°×5°[J]. J .Geophys. Res., 1998, (103): 727-747.
[21]白建军,赵学胜,陈军.基于椭球面三角格网的数字高程建模[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(5):504-508.
[22]曹代勇,李青元,朱小弟,等.地质构造三维可视化模型探讨[J].地址与勘探,2001,37(4):60-62.
[23]曹帅,张克亮,魏东平.全球板块运动及其对地球表面积变化的影响[J].地震,2009,29(4):14-22.
[24]蔡学林,朱介寿,曹家敏,等.中国大陆及邻区岩石圈地壳三维结构与动力学型式[J].中国地质,2007,34(4):543-557. [25 ]蔡学林,曹家敏,朱介寿,等.龙门山岩石圈地壳三维结构及汶川大地震成因浅析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(4):354-364.
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