有关保险经纪人法律制度的研究
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摘要
本论文将保险经纪人法律制度作为研究对象，基于我国《保险法》、《合同法》、《民法通则》、《保险经纪人管理规定(试行)》、《保险经纪公司管理规定》等法律、法规，结合英美等保险经纪发达国家有关保险经纪人制度的法律和判例，探讨了我国的保险经纪人法律制度。
全文分为四章。
第一章从经纪人的概念入手，追溯保险经纪人的起源和发展历程，并结合现实探讨我国建立保险经纪制度的必要性。目的在于加深对保险经纪人基本概念以及文章写作背景的了解。同时还对我国保险经纪制度与其他国家保险经纪制度的异同进行了比较研究。
第二章为本文主体，探讨了保险经纪人的法律地位、权利和义务。英美法系国家认为保险经纪人是被保险人的代理人，除了有专门的法律予以规范，保险经纪人也受《代理法》的规范。英国1906年《海上保险法》对保险经纪人还有特殊规定，与大陆法系的规定有所不同。我国属大陆法系国家，笔者认为保险经纪人在我国是被保险人或者投保人的受托人。本章以此为基点展开论述。此外，还论述了较为特殊的双重代理、再保险经纪人等有关问题。
第三章简要介绍了实践中存在的两种保险经纪合同。保险经纪人开展业务时，其与被保险人之间的权利义务主要通过签订保险经纪合同来约定，保险经纪合同的种类不同，其法律特征也就有所区别。本章使用了很大篇幅来阐述保险经纪人违反义务的法律后果以及承担责任的性质等问题。
第四章分四节讨论了保险经纪人监管的问题。第一节对不同国家的保险经纪监管制度进行比较，我国保险经纪监管的实践可以借鉴其精华。第二节分析了我国保险经纪监管的法律依据，着重讨论如何完善《保险经纪公司管理规定》，并提出了立法建议。第三节对于监管原则存在的问题进行分析。第四节阐述保险经纪人的刑事及行政责任。
本文研究的意图在于通过对保险经纪人有关的法律问题进行讨论，来构建系统的保险经纪人法律制度，并对我国相关立法提出修改建议。这些建议散见在各章节和结论中。
This dissertation studies the laws of the insurance broker of China in accordance with the regulations of the Insurance Law, Contract Law, General Principles of the Civil Law, Regulatory Rules on the Insurance Broker (Trial) of China, and Regulatory Rules on the Insurance Broking Companies of China, as well as the laws and leading cases about the insurance broker in Britain, America, and some other countries where insurance broker industries are developed.
The thesis consists of four chapters.
The first chapter begins with the concept of the broker, and casts back to the origin of the broker and his development. By combining with the status in quo, it probes the necessity of China establishing her own broking system. The intention is to deepen the understanding of some basic concepts and the background of the thesis. This chapter still discusses the differences between the laws of the insurance broker of China and those of other countries.
Being the main part of this thesis, the second chapter discusses the legal status of the insurance broker and his rights and obligations, his relation with the proposer and the insurer. In the countries of Common Law Legal System, the broker is regarded as the agent of the assured. Besides the special law, he is also regulated by The Act of Agency. There are some special provisions about brokers in English Marine Insurance Act 1906, which are different from those of the Continental Law Legal System. As a country of Continental Law Legal System, the writer concludes that generally the Chinese insurance broker is the committee of the proposer or the assured he serves under a commission contract. Therefore, the thesis studies the broker's legal status, his rights and obligations as a committee. In addition, this chapter discusses some special problems such as dual agency and reinsurance broker.
The third chapter introduces two kinds of insurance broking contracts and their legal characters, and analyses the broker's rights and obligations with the assured upon the contract. It still emphasizes the legal results when the broker breaches his duty and the character of his responsibility and etc.
The fourth chapter, which consists of four sections, focuses on the regulation
of the insurance broker. Section 1 compares the regulation laws of different countries of the insurance broker. Section 2 analyses the legal foundation of the regulation, expounds the perfection of the Regulatory Rules on the Insurance Broking Companies of China, and gives some suggestions to our legal system. Section 3 discusses the issues about the principles of regulation, and section 4 describes the criminal and administrative responsibilities of the insurance broker.
On the whole, the thesis, through arguing some relative issues, structures systematic insurance broker law of China, with the aim at polishing the revision of the present laws and regulations on the insurance broker.
Wang Hongjuan (International Law) Directed by Professor Yang Zhaonan
全文分为四章。
第一章从经纪人的概念入手，追溯保险经纪人的起源和发展历程，并结合现实探讨我国建立保险经纪制度的必要性。目的在于加深对保险经纪人基本概念以及文章写作背景的了解。同时还对我国保险经纪制度与其他国家保险经纪制度的异同进行了比较研究。
第二章为本文主体，探讨了保险经纪人的法律地位、权利和义务。英美法系国家认为保险经纪人是被保险人的代理人，除了有专门的法律予以规范，保险经纪人也受《代理法》的规范。英国1906年《海上保险法》对保险经纪人还有特殊规定，与大陆法系的规定有所不同。我国属大陆法系国家，笔者认为保险经纪人在我国是被保险人或者投保人的受托人。本章以此为基点展开论述。此外，还论述了较为特殊的双重代理、再保险经纪人等有关问题。
第三章简要介绍了实践中存在的两种保险经纪合同。保险经纪人开展业务时，其与被保险人之间的权利义务主要通过签订保险经纪合同来约定，保险经纪合同的种类不同，其法律特征也就有所区别。本章使用了很大篇幅来阐述保险经纪人违反义务的法律后果以及承担责任的性质等问题。
第四章分四节讨论了保险经纪人监管的问题。第一节对不同国家的保险经纪监管制度进行比较，我国保险经纪监管的实践可以借鉴其精华。第二节分析了我国保险经纪监管的法律依据，着重讨论如何完善《保险经纪公司管理规定》，并提出了立法建议。第三节对于监管原则存在的问题进行分析。第四节阐述保险经纪人的刑事及行政责任。
本文研究的意图在于通过对保险经纪人有关的法律问题进行讨论，来构建系统的保险经纪人法律制度，并对我国相关立法提出修改建议。这些建议散见在各章节和结论中。
This dissertation studies the laws of the insurance broker of China in accordance with the regulations of the Insurance Law, Contract Law, General Principles of the Civil Law, Regulatory Rules on the Insurance Broker (Trial) of China, and Regulatory Rules on the Insurance Broking Companies of China, as well as the laws and leading cases about the insurance broker in Britain, America, and some other countries where insurance broker industries are developed.
The thesis consists of four chapters.
The first chapter begins with the concept of the broker, and casts back to the origin of the broker and his development. By combining with the status in quo, it probes the necessity of China establishing her own broking system. The intention is to deepen the understanding of some basic concepts and the background of the thesis. This chapter still discusses the differences between the laws of the insurance broker of China and those of other countries.
Being the main part of this thesis, the second chapter discusses the legal status of the insurance broker and his rights and obligations, his relation with the proposer and the insurer. In the countries of Common Law Legal System, the broker is regarded as the agent of the assured. Besides the special law, he is also regulated by The Act of Agency. There are some special provisions about brokers in English Marine Insurance Act 1906, which are different from those of the Continental Law Legal System. As a country of Continental Law Legal System, the writer concludes that generally the Chinese insurance broker is the committee of the proposer or the assured he serves under a commission contract. Therefore, the thesis studies the broker's legal status, his rights and obligations as a committee. In addition, this chapter discusses some special problems such as dual agency and reinsurance broker.
The third chapter introduces two kinds of insurance broking contracts and their legal characters, and analyses the broker's rights and obligations with the assured upon the contract. It still emphasizes the legal results when the broker breaches his duty and the character of his responsibility and etc.
The fourth chapter, which consists of four sections, focuses on the regulation
of the insurance broker. Section 1 compares the regulation laws of different countries of the insurance broker. Section 2 analyses the legal foundation of the regulation, expounds the perfection of the Regulatory Rules on the Insurance Broking Companies of China, and gives some suggestions to our legal system. Section 3 discusses the issues about the principles of regulation, and section 4 describes the criminal and administrative responsibilities of the insurance broker.
On the whole, the thesis, through arguing some relative issues, structures systematic insurance broker law of China, with the aim at polishing the revision of the present laws and regulations on the insurance broker.
Wang Hongjuan (International Law) Directed by Professor Yang Zhaonan
引文
[1] 经纪人管理办法．国家工商行政管理局．1995—10—26
[2] 唐运祥．保险经纪理论与实务．北京：中国社会科学出版社，2000．8
[3] 中国保险监督管理委员会保险中介规章课题组．保险中介制度比较．北京：中国金融出版社，2003
[4] 马壮．论保险经纪人的性质．北方经贸(金融与保险)，2002(8)
[5] 罗立颍．在我国建立保险经纪人制度的思考．华南金融研究，1999(6)．第14卷第2期
[6] 高富平，王连国．委托合同、行纪合同、居间合同．北京：中国法制出版社，1999
[7] 唐运祥．保险中介概论．北京：商务印书馆，2000
[8] 梁慧星．民法总论．北京．法律出版社，1996
[9] 谢怀拭．合同法原理。北京：法律出版社，2000
[10] 周玉华．保险合同与保险索赔理赔．北京：人民法院出版社，2001
[11] 江波．中国保险法与保险法律实务．北京：华夏出版社，1999
[12] 赵苑达．再保险学．北京：中国金融出版社，2003
[13] 方艮，徐声．当代经纪人实用大全．北京：北京师范大学出版社，1993
[14] (台)史尚宽．债法各论．修订5版．三民书局出版社，1981
[15] (台)郑玉波．债法各论(下)．台湾：三民书局，1989
[16] 张湘兰．海上保险法．北京：中国政法大学出版社，1997
[17] 彭万林．民法学．北京：中国政法大学出版社，1997
[18] 张智勇．试论国内再保险市场的建立．河南高等专科学校学报，1999(5)
[19] 汪淮江．海上保险法律与实务．北京：人民交通出版社，1997
[20] (港)何美欢．香港代理法(下)．北京：北京大学出版社，1996
[21] 李萍．保险法新释与例解．北京：同心出版社，2000
[22] 刘晓帆．保险经纪人——风险识别、控制与转移．北京：中国大百科全书出版社，2003
[23] 上海保险．上海：上海保险杂志出版社
[24] 保险研究
[25] 保险经纪人管理规定(试行)．委托、代理合同文本及相关法律规定．北京：中国法制出版社，2002
[26] Cockerell, Gordon Shaw. Insurance Broking And Agency——The Law And The
Practice. London: Witherby & Co. Ltd., 1979
[27] Reyholds. Bostead On Agency, 15th. F. M. B., London:Sweet & Maxwell, 1985
[28] Malcolm A. Clarke. The Law Of Insurance Contract. LLP , 1989
[29] E. R. Hardy Ivamy. General Principles Of Insurance Law, 5th. London: Butterworths, 1989
[30] Near East Relief v. King, Chasseur & Co. Ltd. [1930] 2 K.B.
[31] Sir. M.J. Mustill, J.C.B. Gilman. Arnounld' s Law Of Marine Insurance And Average. Volume 1. 16th. London:Stevens & Sons, 1981
[32] Legh-Jones, MacGillivray, Parkington. Insurance Law, 1979
[33] R.L. Carter. Reinsurance, 1985
[34] Lloyd' s Reports
[2] 唐运祥．保险经纪理论与实务．北京：中国社会科学出版社，2000．8
[3] 中国保险监督管理委员会保险中介规章课题组．保险中介制度比较．北京：中国金融出版社，2003
[4] 马壮．论保险经纪人的性质．北方经贸(金融与保险)，2002(8)
[5] 罗立颍．在我国建立保险经纪人制度的思考．华南金融研究，1999(6)．第14卷第2期
[6] 高富平，王连国．委托合同、行纪合同、居间合同．北京：中国法制出版社，1999
[7] 唐运祥．保险中介概论．北京：商务印书馆，2000
[8] 梁慧星．民法总论．北京．法律出版社，1996
[9] 谢怀拭．合同法原理。北京：法律出版社，2000
[10] 周玉华．保险合同与保险索赔理赔．北京：人民法院出版社，2001
[11] 江波．中国保险法与保险法律实务．北京：华夏出版社，1999
[12] 赵苑达．再保险学．北京：中国金融出版社，2003
[13] 方艮，徐声．当代经纪人实用大全．北京：北京师范大学出版社，1993
[14] (台)史尚宽．债法各论．修订5版．三民书局出版社，1981
[15] (台)郑玉波．债法各论(下)．台湾：三民书局，1989
[16] 张湘兰．海上保险法．北京：中国政法大学出版社，1997
[17] 彭万林．民法学．北京：中国政法大学出版社，1997
[18] 张智勇．试论国内再保险市场的建立．河南高等专科学校学报，1999(5)
[19] 汪淮江．海上保险法律与实务．北京：人民交通出版社，1997
[20] (港)何美欢．香港代理法(下)．北京：北京大学出版社，1996
[21] 李萍．保险法新释与例解．北京：同心出版社，2000
[22] 刘晓帆．保险经纪人——风险识别、控制与转移．北京：中国大百科全书出版社，2003
[23] 上海保险．上海：上海保险杂志出版社
[24] 保险研究
[25] 保险经纪人管理规定(试行)．委托、代理合同文本及相关法律规定．北京：中国法制出版社，2002
[26] Cockerell, Gordon Shaw. Insurance Broking And Agency——The Law And The
Practice. London: Witherby & Co. Ltd., 1979
[27] Reyholds. Bostead On Agency, 15th. F. M. B., London:Sweet & Maxwell, 1985
[28] Malcolm A. Clarke. The Law Of Insurance Contract. LLP , 1989
[29] E. R. Hardy Ivamy. General Principles Of Insurance Law, 5th. London: Butterworths, 1989
[30] Near East Relief v. King, Chasseur & Co. Ltd. [1930] 2 K.B.
[31] Sir. M.J. Mustill, J.C.B. Gilman. Arnounld' s Law Of Marine Insurance And Average. Volume 1. 16th. London:Stevens & Sons, 1981
[32] Legh-Jones, MacGillivray, Parkington. Insurance Law, 1979
[33] R.L. Carter. Reinsurance, 1985
[34] Lloyd' s Reports