城市公共物品市场化供给的问题研究
摘要
城市公共物品是一个城市得以存在、发展的前提和基础,切实加强城市公共物品的供给,必将对国民经济的发展起到重要的推动作用。改革开放以来,我国城市经济取得了巨大发展,它对于我国经济体制改革的完成、市场经济制度的最终确立发挥了重大的作用。国际城市发展的经验表明,我国城市经济目前已经由初步阶段进入到加速发展阶段,我国居民对原有城市公共物品和对新的高层次城市公共物品需求也不断增加。如何加强城市公共物品的供给,促进城市公共物品市场化供给的健康发展,就成为迫切需要解决的课题。
本文以城市公共物品作为研究对象,运用市场经济理论、公共选择理论、公共物品理论以及制度经济学等有关理论,采用理论阐述的方法,全面分析了城市公共物品市场化供给的基本问题,从经济的角度论述了城市公共物品市场化供给的主体问题、价格确定问题、供给范围问题及供给模式问题。采用案例分析法,以城市污水处理为例,较详细地分析了我国城市公共物品市场化运作过程中面临的具体问题,并分析了问题产生的原因,为此提出的解决我国城市公共物品市场化供给问题的主要对策有:正确处理政府与市场的关系、实现公共物品供给主体的多元化、划清中央政府与地方政府公共物品的供给边界、做好城市公共物品市场化运作的各项配套改革,大力营造其市场化运作的环境、努力探索良好的公共物品定价方式,发挥价格的调节作用等。
全文共分六部分,主要分为总论、文献综述、理论借鉴、问题分析、案例分析和对策研究。
The urban public goods is the basic and premise of city’s existence and development, improve the supply of urban public goods conscientiously will promote national economy certainly. The city’s economic has been developed greatly in our country since the Reform and Opening, what has important function for Restructing the Economic System’s accomplishment and ultimate establishing the market-oriented economy. According to the experiences of the development of city international, our urban economic has developed from primary stage go accelerate stage now , there is an ever-growing demand for original urban public goods and new high-level urban public goods in our country. Academic circles pay attention to all the following problems: how to strengthen the supply of the urban public goods, how to make the urban economic grow along a more health orientation.
This essay considers the urban public goods supply marketization, This thesis applies public selecting theory, institution economic theory, public goods theory, use the method of elaborating theory, analysis the basic problem relate to urban public goods marketing supply all-round, study the following problems from economical angle: theoretical concept of urban public goods; subject of provide; formulate the price of urban public goods; provide model of urban public goods, use the method of case analysis , take sewage treatment as an example , analysis the concrete problems existed in the urban public goods marketization in our country ,and then,analysis the reasons for the problems . So, there are the following methods for the problems of the urban public goods marketization in our country: deal with the relations between government and market correctly; make there are various supplying principal parts of public goods, make its clear of the boundary of the cent-government and the local-government, form a complete set or system for the marketization of the urban public goods, make a environment of market-oriented, seek for a good way for fixing a price , bring the function of adjust of the price into play , and so on .
There are six sections in this thesis. They are introduction, summarize of documents, reference of theories, analysis for the problems, case analysis and study of countermeasure.
本文以城市公共物品作为研究对象,运用市场经济理论、公共选择理论、公共物品理论以及制度经济学等有关理论,采用理论阐述的方法,全面分析了城市公共物品市场化供给的基本问题,从经济的角度论述了城市公共物品市场化供给的主体问题、价格确定问题、供给范围问题及供给模式问题。采用案例分析法,以城市污水处理为例,较详细地分析了我国城市公共物品市场化运作过程中面临的具体问题,并分析了问题产生的原因,为此提出的解决我国城市公共物品市场化供给问题的主要对策有:正确处理政府与市场的关系、实现公共物品供给主体的多元化、划清中央政府与地方政府公共物品的供给边界、做好城市公共物品市场化运作的各项配套改革,大力营造其市场化运作的环境、努力探索良好的公共物品定价方式,发挥价格的调节作用等。
全文共分六部分,主要分为总论、文献综述、理论借鉴、问题分析、案例分析和对策研究。
The urban public goods is the basic and premise of city’s existence and development, improve the supply of urban public goods conscientiously will promote national economy certainly. The city’s economic has been developed greatly in our country since the Reform and Opening, what has important function for Restructing the Economic System’s accomplishment and ultimate establishing the market-oriented economy. According to the experiences of the development of city international, our urban economic has developed from primary stage go accelerate stage now , there is an ever-growing demand for original urban public goods and new high-level urban public goods in our country. Academic circles pay attention to all the following problems: how to strengthen the supply of the urban public goods, how to make the urban economic grow along a more health orientation.
This essay considers the urban public goods supply marketization, This thesis applies public selecting theory, institution economic theory, public goods theory, use the method of elaborating theory, analysis the basic problem relate to urban public goods marketing supply all-round, study the following problems from economical angle: theoretical concept of urban public goods; subject of provide; formulate the price of urban public goods; provide model of urban public goods, use the method of case analysis , take sewage treatment as an example , analysis the concrete problems existed in the urban public goods marketization in our country ,and then,analysis the reasons for the problems . So, there are the following methods for the problems of the urban public goods marketization in our country: deal with the relations between government and market correctly; make there are various supplying principal parts of public goods, make its clear of the boundary of the cent-government and the local-government, form a complete set or system for the marketization of the urban public goods, make a environment of market-oriented, seek for a good way for fixing a price , bring the function of adjust of the price into play , and so on .
There are six sections in this thesis. They are introduction, summarize of documents, reference of theories, analysis for the problems, case analysis and study of countermeasure.
引文
[1] [英]亚当·斯密:《国民财富的性质和原因研究》上卷,郭大力,王亚南译.北京:商务印书馆,1997.
[2] Williamson, Stephen, 1986. Costly monitoring, financial intermediation, and equilibrium credit rationing, Journal of Monetary Economics 97, 89-108.
[3] Willian A. Niskanen, Bureaucracy and Public Economics,《官僚制与供给经济学》,王浦劬译,北京:中国青年出版社, 2001.
[4] Blackorby, C. , and D. Donaldson , 1988 , Cash versus kind , self selection and efficient transfers , American Economic Review 78, 691-700.
[9] Blinder, Alan , 1987. Hard Heads, Soft Hearts : Tough-Minded Economics for a Just Society, Addison-Wesley.
[5] Boadway, Robin, and Michael Keen , 2000, Redistridution , in A. B. Atkinson and F. Bourguignon, eds. , Handbook of Income Redistribution: Volumel , Elsevier Science.
[6] Mary Mellor ,“Analysis Woman , nature and the social construction of‘Economic Man’”, Ecological Economics 20(1997),pp.129-140.
[7] Chris doucouliagos ,“A Note on the Evolution of Homo Economics”,Journal of Economic Issues, Vol.28, No.3,September 1994,pp.877-833.
[8] Joseph Persky,“Retrospectives The Ethology of Homo Economics”,Journal of economic perspectives ,Vol.9,No.2,Spring 1995 , pp.221-231.
[10]王春兰,罗玉林.《城市准公共物品市场化运作的困境分析——以城市污水治理为例》,《城市问题》2008年第5期.
[11]陈庆云.《强化公共管理理念,推进公共管理的社会化》,《中国行政管理》2001年第12期.
[12]周惠中.《微观经济学》,上海:上海人民出版社,2003.
[13]董建新.《人的经济哲学研究—“经济人”的界说、理论分析与应用》,广州:广东人民出版社,2001.
[14] [美]保罗?萨缪尔森、威廉?诺德豪斯:《经济学》(第十七版).
[15]董涛.《对推动我国政府公共物品供给民营化的探讨》,《新疆财经》2003年第6期45-47页.
[16]罗丽英,李国英.《地方公共物品民营化的理论探讨》,《湖南行政学院学报(双月刊)》2005年第1期,26-27页.
[17]董建新.《现代经济学与公共管理》北京:社会科学文献出版社,2006.3.
[18]张向达,赵建国,吕丹.《公共经济学》大连:东北财经大学出版社,2006,1.
[19]约翰·利奇.《公共经济学教程》上海:上海财经大学出版社,2005,8孔晏,朱萍译.
[20]王俊豪.《政府管制经济学导论—基本理论及其在政府管制实践中的应用》北京:商务印书馆,2001.
[21]刘汉屏,刘锡田.《地方政府竞争:分权、公共物品与制度创新》,《改革》2003年6月版,24-28页.
[22]袁仙品,周明.《不同发展阶段公共物品供给模式的理论分析》,《新疆财经》2005年第2期,32页-35页.
[23]邢福俊.《城市公共物品供给的制约因素分析》,《河北经贸大学学报》1999年12月第6期,41-57页.
[24]邢福俊.《城市公共物品供给的主体选择、效应分析与对策探讨》,《中央财经大学学报》,1999年第9期,11页-14页.
[25]李理.《城市公共物品供给内在规律性探讨》,《焦作大学学报》,2003年10月第4期,28-29页.
[26]刘洋.《城市公共物品供给与税制》,《城市问题》2004年第4期,58-61页.
[27]李霞,王军.《城市化进程中的城市公共物品供给》,《西南民族大学学报·人文社科版》,2004年9月,82-85页.
[28]管强.《城市化进程中的公共物品引致供需分析》,《中央财经大学学报》2003年第7期,9-12页.
[29]邢福俊.《刍议城市公共物品的供给决策机制》,《财经理论与实践(双月刊)》1999年11月,66-67页.
[30]王莹.《对城市公共物品的供给效率决策机制的探讨》《内蒙古科技与经济》2004年第7期,21-22页.
[2] Williamson, Stephen, 1986. Costly monitoring, financial intermediation, and equilibrium credit rationing, Journal of Monetary Economics 97, 89-108.
[3] Willian A. Niskanen, Bureaucracy and Public Economics,《官僚制与供给经济学》,王浦劬译,北京:中国青年出版社, 2001.
[4] Blackorby, C. , and D. Donaldson , 1988 , Cash versus kind , self selection and efficient transfers , American Economic Review 78, 691-700.
[9] Blinder, Alan , 1987. Hard Heads, Soft Hearts : Tough-Minded Economics for a Just Society, Addison-Wesley.
[5] Boadway, Robin, and Michael Keen , 2000, Redistridution , in A. B. Atkinson and F. Bourguignon, eds. , Handbook of Income Redistribution: Volumel , Elsevier Science.
[6] Mary Mellor ,“Analysis Woman , nature and the social construction of‘Economic Man’”, Ecological Economics 20(1997),pp.129-140.
[7] Chris doucouliagos ,“A Note on the Evolution of Homo Economics”,Journal of Economic Issues, Vol.28, No.3,September 1994,pp.877-833.
[8] Joseph Persky,“Retrospectives The Ethology of Homo Economics”,Journal of economic perspectives ,Vol.9,No.2,Spring 1995 , pp.221-231.
[10]王春兰,罗玉林.《城市准公共物品市场化运作的困境分析——以城市污水治理为例》,《城市问题》2008年第5期.
[11]陈庆云.《强化公共管理理念,推进公共管理的社会化》,《中国行政管理》2001年第12期.
[12]周惠中.《微观经济学》,上海:上海人民出版社,2003.
[13]董建新.《人的经济哲学研究—“经济人”的界说、理论分析与应用》,广州:广东人民出版社,2001.
[14] [美]保罗?萨缪尔森、威廉?诺德豪斯:《经济学》(第十七版).
[15]董涛.《对推动我国政府公共物品供给民营化的探讨》,《新疆财经》2003年第6期45-47页.
[16]罗丽英,李国英.《地方公共物品民营化的理论探讨》,《湖南行政学院学报(双月刊)》2005年第1期,26-27页.
[17]董建新.《现代经济学与公共管理》北京:社会科学文献出版社,2006.3.
[18]张向达,赵建国,吕丹.《公共经济学》大连:东北财经大学出版社,2006,1.
[19]约翰·利奇.《公共经济学教程》上海:上海财经大学出版社,2005,8孔晏,朱萍译.
[20]王俊豪.《政府管制经济学导论—基本理论及其在政府管制实践中的应用》北京:商务印书馆,2001.
[21]刘汉屏,刘锡田.《地方政府竞争:分权、公共物品与制度创新》,《改革》2003年6月版,24-28页.
[22]袁仙品,周明.《不同发展阶段公共物品供给模式的理论分析》,《新疆财经》2005年第2期,32页-35页.
[23]邢福俊.《城市公共物品供给的制约因素分析》,《河北经贸大学学报》1999年12月第6期,41-57页.
[24]邢福俊.《城市公共物品供给的主体选择、效应分析与对策探讨》,《中央财经大学学报》,1999年第9期,11页-14页.
[25]李理.《城市公共物品供给内在规律性探讨》,《焦作大学学报》,2003年10月第4期,28-29页.
[26]刘洋.《城市公共物品供给与税制》,《城市问题》2004年第4期,58-61页.
[27]李霞,王军.《城市化进程中的城市公共物品供给》,《西南民族大学学报·人文社科版》,2004年9月,82-85页.
[28]管强.《城市化进程中的公共物品引致供需分析》,《中央财经大学学报》2003年第7期,9-12页.
[29]邢福俊.《刍议城市公共物品的供给决策机制》,《财经理论与实践(双月刊)》1999年11月,66-67页.
[30]王莹.《对城市公共物品的供给效率决策机制的探讨》《内蒙古科技与经济》2004年第7期,21-22页.