长春市城区小学开展体育游戏课的现状分析及对策研究
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摘要
随着教育的发展,体育改革的不断深入,人们越来越重视体育对人类的影响。当今世界范围经济和国力的竞争,实质是科学技术和民族素质的竞争,谁掌握了21世纪的教育,谁就在竞争中占主动地位。学校体育是构成我国现代体育重要的不可缺少的部分,是实现“德、智、体”全面发展的重要组成部分,而体育教学又是学校体育的重要环节。体育教学质量好坏将直接影响到跨世纪人才的培养。但由于现在的体育课大多以“放羊式”教学为主,或者是那种枯燥、单一的体育教学,使学生对体育课产生“消极”、“厌学”的心理,产生了喜欢体育运动,但不喜欢体育课这一现象,使学生体质下降,也直接影响到学校体育教学目的和任务的完成。特别是现在的中小学更应该重视体育课的开展,重视培养学生对体育运动的兴趣,培养他们终身体育的观念,使他们不仅在体育课中“玩”的快乐,同时学到知识,锻炼身体,也达到了“健康第一”的目的。这也是国家体育部为加强青少年体质而实施“阳光体育运动”的目的所在。
那么,体育游戏作为体育教学的一种重要手段,它能使学生对体育运动产生浓厚的兴趣、学到知识、锻炼身体和达到“健康第一”的目的,同时也能提高教学质量,促进教学任务的完成,能够改善中小学体育课教学和促进“阳光体育运动”运动的开展。所以说体育游戏作为体育教学的一个重要手段,它在体育教学中的运用应该更加广泛,作用也应该更加突出。
因此,本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈和数理统计的研究方法,通过对长春市城区小学体育游戏课的开展现状展开了调查,对影响长春市开展体育游戏课的因素及调查结果进行全面的总结分析,提出了相关的对策和建议。希望能对长春市城区小学的体育课和体育游戏课教学产生积极的影响。
Along with education’s development and physical education’s reform, more and more people think highly of the influence of PE. The competition in the present world is actuality a competition of technology and nation quality. The nation which grasp education will success in competition. PE in school is a very important part of our country’s modern physical project, and it is a way for a person to develop completely. PE teaching is an important teaching part of a school. The level of PE teaching influences the cultivation of talented man. Nowadays most PE class has much relaxation or is very dull and single. It makes that students dislike PE class, but like sports. It also leads to student’s poor constitution, unaccomplished of school’s PE education. Particularly school nowadays should think highly of the PE teaching and the cultivation of students’interest in it. Not only they are very happy in PE class, they learn knowledge and exercise themselves, achieve the object“health in the first place”. We should raise the thought of exercise all the life. It is also the objective of“sun-sports”conducted by our country PE department.
So, as an important method of PE education, PE game can arouse students’interest in sports, learn knowledge, exercise to get good building. In the same time, PE game can improve teaching effect and finish teaching task perfect. PE game can also improve middle school and elementary school’s PE teaching, promote the development of“sun-sports”. So PE game is an important of PE teaching, it should be used extensively, and its affect will be more outstanding.
In this article, we use many investigative methods, including literature, interviews with experts, the number of statistics, questionnaire survey. By way of investigating the current situation of PE game in the elementary school of Changchun proper, and analyzed the factors that affect it, we propose some countermeasures and advices. I hope it will be helpful for PE game teaching in the elementary school of Changchun proper.
那么,体育游戏作为体育教学的一种重要手段,它能使学生对体育运动产生浓厚的兴趣、学到知识、锻炼身体和达到“健康第一”的目的,同时也能提高教学质量,促进教学任务的完成,能够改善中小学体育课教学和促进“阳光体育运动”运动的开展。所以说体育游戏作为体育教学的一个重要手段,它在体育教学中的运用应该更加广泛,作用也应该更加突出。
因此,本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈和数理统计的研究方法,通过对长春市城区小学体育游戏课的开展现状展开了调查,对影响长春市开展体育游戏课的因素及调查结果进行全面的总结分析,提出了相关的对策和建议。希望能对长春市城区小学的体育课和体育游戏课教学产生积极的影响。
Along with education’s development and physical education’s reform, more and more people think highly of the influence of PE. The competition in the present world is actuality a competition of technology and nation quality. The nation which grasp education will success in competition. PE in school is a very important part of our country’s modern physical project, and it is a way for a person to develop completely. PE teaching is an important teaching part of a school. The level of PE teaching influences the cultivation of talented man. Nowadays most PE class has much relaxation or is very dull and single. It makes that students dislike PE class, but like sports. It also leads to student’s poor constitution, unaccomplished of school’s PE education. Particularly school nowadays should think highly of the PE teaching and the cultivation of students’interest in it. Not only they are very happy in PE class, they learn knowledge and exercise themselves, achieve the object“health in the first place”. We should raise the thought of exercise all the life. It is also the objective of“sun-sports”conducted by our country PE department.
So, as an important method of PE education, PE game can arouse students’interest in sports, learn knowledge, exercise to get good building. In the same time, PE game can improve teaching effect and finish teaching task perfect. PE game can also improve middle school and elementary school’s PE teaching, promote the development of“sun-sports”. So PE game is an important of PE teaching, it should be used extensively, and its affect will be more outstanding.
In this article, we use many investigative methods, including literature, interviews with experts, the number of statistics, questionnaire survey. By way of investigating the current situation of PE game in the elementary school of Changchun proper, and analyzed the factors that affect it, we propose some countermeasures and advices. I hope it will be helpful for PE game teaching in the elementary school of Changchun proper.
引文
①吴立岗,现代教学论基础[M],广西教育出版社,2001,(1)
[1] 毛振明.体育教学科学化探索[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[2] 斯宾塞.心理学原理[M].北京:商务印书馆,1963.
[3] 弗洛伊德.论美文选[M].上海:知识出版社,1987.
[4] 毛振明,圆山和夫.日本学校体育关键词 100[M].高等教育出版社,2005.
[5] 孟刚.体育游戏的产生与发展[J].贵州师范大学学报,1995.
[6] 莫少强.体育教学中体育游戏运用的分析[J].体育科技,2005.
[7] 呙华锋,郭敏刚,童周.中小学体育教学游戏化价值探讨[J].哈尔滨体育学院学报,2006,第24 卷第 1 期 84—85.
[8] 黄岁梅.体育游戏十五性[J].成都体育学院学报,1995.
[9] 李燕强.试论体育游戏与体育教学[J].北京体育大学学报,1998,第 21 卷第 2 期,64—66.
[10] 刘福林.体育游戏[M].北京大学出版社,2000,52—53.
[11] 谭小丰.试论体育游戏在排球教学中的作用与运用[J].株州师范高等专科学校学报,2003,第8 卷第 5 期 68—70.
[12] 莫少强.体育教学中体育游戏运用的分析[J].体育科技,2005.
[13] 瞿葆奎.中国教育研究新进展[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2001.
[14] 陈琦,杨文轩,郑俊武等.现代体育课程及其发展趋势[J].体育科学,1998.
[15] 毛振明.探索成功的体育教学[M].北京体育大学出版社,2001.
[16] 周登嵩.学校体育学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2004.
[17] 赖天德.学校体育改革热点探究[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2003.
[18] 杨文轩.体育学原理[M].广东高等教育出版社,1996.
[19] 邹玉铃,史署生,顾渊彦.体育课程导论[M].人民体育出版社,2005.
[20] 毛振明.体育课程与教材新论[M].辽宁大学出版社,2001.
[21] 季浏,胡增荤.体育教育展望[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2001.
[22] 王维廉.体育游戏概谈[J].体育与科学,1995.
[23] 胡君美.对我院体育游戏课教学改革之我见[J].西安体育学院学报,1996.
[24] 潘青海.对中学生不喜欢上体育课的调查研究[J].中国体育教育,2002.
[25] 王淑清,孙显涛.吉林市区体育与健康课程实施现状调查与分析[J].内蒙古大学学报,2005.
[26] 章开锋,严峻.中小学体育课“游戏模式”教学的研究[J].体育学刊,1996.
[27] 张洪顺,张学研,高建磊,赵栩博,陈瑛.普通高校“三阶段----两形式”体育教学模式的研究[J].广州体育学院学报.2003.
[28] 徐鹏.高校体育课中如何运用体育游戏[J].长春师范学院学报,2005.
[29] 李岩.对体育游戏运用的几点思考[J].沈阳体育学院学报,1995.
[30] 高航,高嵘,王建华.北京高校体育课程与教学现状研究[J].山东体育学院学报,2007.
[31] 张五平,董立,彭福栋.体育院校体育游戏课程教学改革的思考[J].成都体育学院学报,2005.
[32] 曾晓琼.新世纪高校体育教学现状及改革管见[J].体育学刊,2000.
[33] 苏长英.新时期我过学校体育课程理论的困惑与创新[J].山东体育科技,2005.
[34] 王长生.体育游戏的内涵及心理特征[J].湖北体育科技,1995.
[35] 腾达.体育游戏基本理论问题的探讨[J].北京体育大学学报,2005.
[36] 郭洪波,窦丽.国外现行中学体育与健康课程内容(标准)的比较研究[J].山东体育学院学报,2007.
[37] 胡伟,蒲白.体育游戏的作用与效应[J].上海体育学院学报,2000.
[38] Gamble,Paul,Challenges and Game-Related Solutions to Metabolic Conditioning for Team Sports,Strength and Conditioning Journal 29,no.4 (2007).
[39] Toma.J.Douglas,Reclaiming the Gamd:College Sports and Educational Values (review),Review of Higher Education 30,no.1 (2006).
[40] Rayburn,Carole A,Goetz,DonnaJ,Osman,SuzanneL,The Game of Leadership: Exercise,Games,Sports,and Leadership,International Journal of Value-Based Management 14,no.1 (2001).
[41] Reid,Paul,More than a Game?The Role of Sports Governing Bodies in the Development of Sport Education Programmes,European Physical Education Review 9,no.3 (2003).
[42] Shulman,James L,Bowen,WilliamG,The Game of Life:College Sports and Educational Values,Princeton University Press,41 William Street,Princeton.2001
[43] R R Apache,The Behavioral Assessment of Parents and Coaches at Youth Sports: Validity and Reliability,Physical Educator.indianapolis:fall2006.
[44] Yoshihisa Ohtake,Meaningful Inclusion of All Students in Team Sports,Teaching Exceptional Children.Reston:Nov\Dec 2004.
[1] 毛振明.体育教学科学化探索[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[2] 斯宾塞.心理学原理[M].北京:商务印书馆,1963.
[3] 弗洛伊德.论美文选[M].上海:知识出版社,1987.
[4] 毛振明,圆山和夫.日本学校体育关键词 100[M].高等教育出版社,2005.
[5] 孟刚.体育游戏的产生与发展[J].贵州师范大学学报,1995.
[6] 莫少强.体育教学中体育游戏运用的分析[J].体育科技,2005.
[7] 呙华锋,郭敏刚,童周.中小学体育教学游戏化价值探讨[J].哈尔滨体育学院学报,2006,第24 卷第 1 期 84—85.
[8] 黄岁梅.体育游戏十五性[J].成都体育学院学报,1995.
[9] 李燕强.试论体育游戏与体育教学[J].北京体育大学学报,1998,第 21 卷第 2 期,64—66.
[10] 刘福林.体育游戏[M].北京大学出版社,2000,52—53.
[11] 谭小丰.试论体育游戏在排球教学中的作用与运用[J].株州师范高等专科学校学报,2003,第8 卷第 5 期 68—70.
[12] 莫少强.体育教学中体育游戏运用的分析[J].体育科技,2005.
[13] 瞿葆奎.中国教育研究新进展[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2001.
[14] 陈琦,杨文轩,郑俊武等.现代体育课程及其发展趋势[J].体育科学,1998.
[15] 毛振明.探索成功的体育教学[M].北京体育大学出版社,2001.
[16] 周登嵩.学校体育学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2004.
[17] 赖天德.学校体育改革热点探究[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2003.
[18] 杨文轩.体育学原理[M].广东高等教育出版社,1996.
[19] 邹玉铃,史署生,顾渊彦.体育课程导论[M].人民体育出版社,2005.
[20] 毛振明.体育课程与教材新论[M].辽宁大学出版社,2001.
[21] 季浏,胡增荤.体育教育展望[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2001.
[22] 王维廉.体育游戏概谈[J].体育与科学,1995.
[23] 胡君美.对我院体育游戏课教学改革之我见[J].西安体育学院学报,1996.
[24] 潘青海.对中学生不喜欢上体育课的调查研究[J].中国体育教育,2002.
[25] 王淑清,孙显涛.吉林市区体育与健康课程实施现状调查与分析[J].内蒙古大学学报,2005.
[26] 章开锋,严峻.中小学体育课“游戏模式”教学的研究[J].体育学刊,1996.
[27] 张洪顺,张学研,高建磊,赵栩博,陈瑛.普通高校“三阶段----两形式”体育教学模式的研究[J].广州体育学院学报.2003.
[28] 徐鹏.高校体育课中如何运用体育游戏[J].长春师范学院学报,2005.
[29] 李岩.对体育游戏运用的几点思考[J].沈阳体育学院学报,1995.
[30] 高航,高嵘,王建华.北京高校体育课程与教学现状研究[J].山东体育学院学报,2007.
[31] 张五平,董立,彭福栋.体育院校体育游戏课程教学改革的思考[J].成都体育学院学报,2005.
[32] 曾晓琼.新世纪高校体育教学现状及改革管见[J].体育学刊,2000.
[33] 苏长英.新时期我过学校体育课程理论的困惑与创新[J].山东体育科技,2005.
[34] 王长生.体育游戏的内涵及心理特征[J].湖北体育科技,1995.
[35] 腾达.体育游戏基本理论问题的探讨[J].北京体育大学学报,2005.
[36] 郭洪波,窦丽.国外现行中学体育与健康课程内容(标准)的比较研究[J].山东体育学院学报,2007.
[37] 胡伟,蒲白.体育游戏的作用与效应[J].上海体育学院学报,2000.
[38] Gamble,Paul,Challenges and Game-Related Solutions to Metabolic Conditioning for Team Sports,Strength and Conditioning Journal 29,no.4 (2007).
[39] Toma.J.Douglas,Reclaiming the Gamd:College Sports and Educational Values (review),Review of Higher Education 30,no.1 (2006).
[40] Rayburn,Carole A,Goetz,DonnaJ,Osman,SuzanneL,The Game of Leadership: Exercise,Games,Sports,and Leadership,International Journal of Value-Based Management 14,no.1 (2001).
[41] Reid,Paul,More than a Game?The Role of Sports Governing Bodies in the Development of Sport Education Programmes,European Physical Education Review 9,no.3 (2003).
[42] Shulman,James L,Bowen,WilliamG,The Game of Life:College Sports and Educational Values,Princeton University Press,41 William Street,Princeton.2001
[43] R R Apache,The Behavioral Assessment of Parents and Coaches at Youth Sports: Validity and Reliability,Physical Educator.indianapolis:fall2006.
[44] Yoshihisa Ohtake,Meaningful Inclusion of All Students in Team Sports,Teaching Exceptional Children.Reston:Nov\Dec 2004.