三电平逆变器供电的感应电机直接转矩控制系统的研究
|
摘要
与两电平逆变器相比,多电平逆变器具有输出电压更加接近正弦波、谐波含量少和输出电压跳变小等特点,非常适合于高压大容量交流变频调速系统。然而,作为一种新型电能变换技术,基于多电平逆变器供电的感应电动机的高性能调速控制在理论和实践中依然存在着大量值得研究和探讨的问题。
三电平逆变器作为多电平逆变器的典型代表,具有拓扑结构相对简单、所用器件相对较少,可靠性高等特点。因此对以三电平拓扑结构为基础构成的高性能交流电机调速系统进行深入研究具有实际意义。本文以二极管箝位式三电平逆变器带电机负载为对象,对多电平逆变器的建模、PWM控制技术、直接转矩控制技术进行了全面的理论分析,并进行了仿真和实验研究。
论文首先分析了多电平逆变器拓扑结构的发展和研究现状,讨论了交流调速的发展和直接转矩控制技术的特点,指出本文选题的目的和意义。详细论述了二极管箝位型三电平逆变器的拓扑结构和工作原理,在α、β静止坐标系下,建立了三电平逆变器供电的感应电动机为负载的统一数学模型,在此基础上建立了仿真系统,为全面分析三电平逆变器供电的、采用各种控制策略的电机调速系统奠定了基础。
详细分析了三电平逆变器的脉宽调制模式的工作原理,包括载波形式的PWM控制技术和空间矢量脉宽调制技术,重点分析了空间电压矢量调制技术的实现方法。讨论了空间电压矢量调制模式下的中点电压波动的原因,建立了平均中点电流模型,为中点电压平衡控制提供了理论依据。对于上述各种PWM方法,均建立了仿真模型,仿真结果验证了其理论分析的正确性和方法的有效性。
深入分析了三相感应电动机直接转矩控制的基本原理,探讨了一种改进型的基于电机数学模型直接推导的定子磁链估算方法。讨论了三电平逆变器直接转矩控制中的主要问题及其矢量选择方案。详细介绍了传统的三电平基于滞环调节的直接转矩控制系统方案,有单一矢量法和固定矢量合成法,但两者转矩脉动较大。为此,分析了基于数学模型的转矩和磁链的预测控制,提出一种基于预测控制的快速空间矢量调制方式的三电平直接转矩控制方法,转矩脉动减少,且有利于数字化实现。
多电平电压型逆变器空间电压矢量多,采用传统的直接转矩控制,矢量选择比较复杂,且所选择的电压矢量作用时间通常为一个采样周期,因而转矩脉动相对较大。为此,提出了一种三电平模糊直接转矩控制策略,引入模糊逻辑后,将转矩和磁链误差进行分级,根据误差级别的大小选择需要的电压矢量。该方法既有效地抑制了磁链和转矩的脉动,又很好地保留和继承了传统直接转矩控制鲁棒性强的优点。
以TMS320F2812 DSP为控制核心研制了一套二极管箝位式三电平逆变器实验平台。在此平台上完成了三电平SVPWM开环控制、基于快速空间矢量调制算法的三电平直接转矩预测控制、基于模糊逻辑的三电平逆变器直接转矩控制等相关实验研究,并给出了主要的实验结果和相应的结论。实验结果论证了本文理论分析的正确性和控制方法的有效性。
Compared with two-level inverters, multilevel inverters have the following characteristics such as output voltage more close to sinusoidal wave, small harmonics and dv/dt. It’s suitable for high-voltage high-power variable speed system of AC motors. However, as a new energy converting technology, the control of machine based on multilevel inverters for high performance has still some problems that are worth to be researched and probed in theory and practices.
As one of typical representatives of multilevel inverters, three-level inverter is of the simple topology, few devices and high reliability. The research has the actual significance on high performance AC variable speed system based on three-level inverter. Taking the diode clamped three-level inverter as the objective, and induction machine as the load, this thesis gives the theoretical study and analysis of the multilevel with induction machine in detail. The inverters modeling, the control technology of PWM, and direct torque control (DTC) technologies are studied. The simulation and experiment researches are performed.
The thesis analyzes the development and research status of multi-level inverters firstly. Also the development of AC variable speed and the characteristic of direct torque control are discussed. Then the aim and significance for the research are demonstrated. The topology and operation principles of diode clamped three-level inverter are discussed, the mathematics model is built under theα,βtwo phase stationary coordinates, and based on the mathematics model the simulation system is built. All these lay the foundation of researching all kinds of control strategy of the induction machine supplied with three-level inverter.
The operation principle of three-level inverter is analyzed for the pulse width modulation (PWM), including carrier-based PWM and space vector PWM (SVPWM). The realization method of SVPWM is mainly analyzed. The reason is also analyzed for the neutral-point voltage fluctuating. Neutral-point voltage model is built which provides the evidence to the control of neutral-point potential. For the above PWM methods, the simulation models are built. The simulation results verified the validity and feasibility of the theory analysis.
This thesis discussed the principle of direct torque control of induction machine. An improved method of u-i integrator of stator flux-linkage observer is discussed. The problems of DTC in three-level inverters and the scheme of selecting vectors are analyzed. Then, conventional DTC based on hysteresis band including single vector and synthesized vectors are analyzed in detail. However, the torque ripple is large. Therefore, the precontrol of torque and flux-linkage is introduced, a new DTC algorithm based on precontrol of torque and fast space vector PWM is presented. The torque ripple is lower. It’s easy for digital implementation.
Due to the large number of vectors for multilevel inverter, vector selecting is complicated when conventional DTC is applied to three-level inverter. The selected vector acts on a sample period. This will result into torque fluctuation. Therefore, a fuzzy DTC is presented. After introducing fuzzy logic, the error of torque and flux-linkage is divided into different grades. According to the grades, the desired vector is selected. This method not only reduces the ripple of torque and flux-linkage, but also keeps and inherits the advantage of conventional direct torque control. It has desired robust.
Taking the DSP TMS320F2812 as the controller, the experiment platform for the diode clamped three-level inverter is established. The relative experiment researches were completed for the control of SVPWM and DTC control of torque precontrol and fuzzy logic. The main results and conclusions are given. The experimental results verified the theoretical analysis and the control strategies proposed in this thesis.
三电平逆变器作为多电平逆变器的典型代表,具有拓扑结构相对简单、所用器件相对较少,可靠性高等特点。因此对以三电平拓扑结构为基础构成的高性能交流电机调速系统进行深入研究具有实际意义。本文以二极管箝位式三电平逆变器带电机负载为对象,对多电平逆变器的建模、PWM控制技术、直接转矩控制技术进行了全面的理论分析,并进行了仿真和实验研究。
论文首先分析了多电平逆变器拓扑结构的发展和研究现状,讨论了交流调速的发展和直接转矩控制技术的特点,指出本文选题的目的和意义。详细论述了二极管箝位型三电平逆变器的拓扑结构和工作原理,在α、β静止坐标系下,建立了三电平逆变器供电的感应电动机为负载的统一数学模型,在此基础上建立了仿真系统,为全面分析三电平逆变器供电的、采用各种控制策略的电机调速系统奠定了基础。
详细分析了三电平逆变器的脉宽调制模式的工作原理,包括载波形式的PWM控制技术和空间矢量脉宽调制技术,重点分析了空间电压矢量调制技术的实现方法。讨论了空间电压矢量调制模式下的中点电压波动的原因,建立了平均中点电流模型,为中点电压平衡控制提供了理论依据。对于上述各种PWM方法,均建立了仿真模型,仿真结果验证了其理论分析的正确性和方法的有效性。
深入分析了三相感应电动机直接转矩控制的基本原理,探讨了一种改进型的基于电机数学模型直接推导的定子磁链估算方法。讨论了三电平逆变器直接转矩控制中的主要问题及其矢量选择方案。详细介绍了传统的三电平基于滞环调节的直接转矩控制系统方案,有单一矢量法和固定矢量合成法,但两者转矩脉动较大。为此,分析了基于数学模型的转矩和磁链的预测控制,提出一种基于预测控制的快速空间矢量调制方式的三电平直接转矩控制方法,转矩脉动减少,且有利于数字化实现。
多电平电压型逆变器空间电压矢量多,采用传统的直接转矩控制,矢量选择比较复杂,且所选择的电压矢量作用时间通常为一个采样周期,因而转矩脉动相对较大。为此,提出了一种三电平模糊直接转矩控制策略,引入模糊逻辑后,将转矩和磁链误差进行分级,根据误差级别的大小选择需要的电压矢量。该方法既有效地抑制了磁链和转矩的脉动,又很好地保留和继承了传统直接转矩控制鲁棒性强的优点。
以TMS320F2812 DSP为控制核心研制了一套二极管箝位式三电平逆变器实验平台。在此平台上完成了三电平SVPWM开环控制、基于快速空间矢量调制算法的三电平直接转矩预测控制、基于模糊逻辑的三电平逆变器直接转矩控制等相关实验研究,并给出了主要的实验结果和相应的结论。实验结果论证了本文理论分析的正确性和控制方法的有效性。
Compared with two-level inverters, multilevel inverters have the following characteristics such as output voltage more close to sinusoidal wave, small harmonics and dv/dt. It’s suitable for high-voltage high-power variable speed system of AC motors. However, as a new energy converting technology, the control of machine based on multilevel inverters for high performance has still some problems that are worth to be researched and probed in theory and practices.
As one of typical representatives of multilevel inverters, three-level inverter is of the simple topology, few devices and high reliability. The research has the actual significance on high performance AC variable speed system based on three-level inverter. Taking the diode clamped three-level inverter as the objective, and induction machine as the load, this thesis gives the theoretical study and analysis of the multilevel with induction machine in detail. The inverters modeling, the control technology of PWM, and direct torque control (DTC) technologies are studied. The simulation and experiment researches are performed.
The thesis analyzes the development and research status of multi-level inverters firstly. Also the development of AC variable speed and the characteristic of direct torque control are discussed. Then the aim and significance for the research are demonstrated. The topology and operation principles of diode clamped three-level inverter are discussed, the mathematics model is built under theα,βtwo phase stationary coordinates, and based on the mathematics model the simulation system is built. All these lay the foundation of researching all kinds of control strategy of the induction machine supplied with three-level inverter.
The operation principle of three-level inverter is analyzed for the pulse width modulation (PWM), including carrier-based PWM and space vector PWM (SVPWM). The realization method of SVPWM is mainly analyzed. The reason is also analyzed for the neutral-point voltage fluctuating. Neutral-point voltage model is built which provides the evidence to the control of neutral-point potential. For the above PWM methods, the simulation models are built. The simulation results verified the validity and feasibility of the theory analysis.
This thesis discussed the principle of direct torque control of induction machine. An improved method of u-i integrator of stator flux-linkage observer is discussed. The problems of DTC in three-level inverters and the scheme of selecting vectors are analyzed. Then, conventional DTC based on hysteresis band including single vector and synthesized vectors are analyzed in detail. However, the torque ripple is large. Therefore, the precontrol of torque and flux-linkage is introduced, a new DTC algorithm based on precontrol of torque and fast space vector PWM is presented. The torque ripple is lower. It’s easy for digital implementation.
Due to the large number of vectors for multilevel inverter, vector selecting is complicated when conventional DTC is applied to three-level inverter. The selected vector acts on a sample period. This will result into torque fluctuation. Therefore, a fuzzy DTC is presented. After introducing fuzzy logic, the error of torque and flux-linkage is divided into different grades. According to the grades, the desired vector is selected. This method not only reduces the ripple of torque and flux-linkage, but also keeps and inherits the advantage of conventional direct torque control. It has desired robust.
Taking the DSP TMS320F2812 as the controller, the experiment platform for the diode clamped three-level inverter is established. The relative experiment researches were completed for the control of SVPWM and DTC control of torque precontrol and fuzzy logic. The main results and conclusions are given. The experimental results verified the theoretical analysis and the control strategies proposed in this thesis.
引文
[1] Bin Wu. High-power converters and ac drives [M]. IEEE Wiley Press. 2006.
[2] JoséRodríguez, Jih-Sheng Lai, Fang zheng Peng. Multilevel inverters: a survey of topologies, controls, and applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.4: 724-738.
[3]吴洪洋,何湘宁.高功率多电平变换器的研究和应用[J].电气传动. 2000. Vol.30, No.2: 7-12.
[4]李永东.高性能大容量交流电机调速技术的现状及展望[J].电工技术学报. 2005. Vol.20, No.2: 1-10.
[5] L.Tolbert, F. Z. Peng, and T. Habetler. Multilevel converter for large electric drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. Vol. 35, pp.36-44, Jan./Feb. 1999..
[6]李永东,肖曦,高跃编著.大容量多电平变换器――原理.控制.应用[M].北京:科学出版社. 2006.
[7]吴忠智,吴加林.中高压大功率变频器应用手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2003.
[8] H. Miyazaki, H. Fukumoto, S. Sugiyama, et al. Neutral-point-clamped inverter with parallel driving of IGBTs for industry applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2000. Vol.36, No.1: 146-151.
[9] A. Nabae, I. Takahashi, H. Akagi. A new neutral-point-clamped PWM inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1981. Vol.17, No.5: 518-523.
[10] J. S. Lai, F. Z. Peng. Multilevel Converters----A new breed of power converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.3: 509-517.
[11]何湘宁,陈阿莲编著.多电平变换器的理论和应用技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2006.
[12] F. Z. Peng, J. S. Lai. et al. A multilevel voltage-source inverter with separate DC sources for static var generation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.9: 1130-1138.
[13] Fang Zheng Peng. A generalized multilevel inverter topology with self voltage balancing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001, Vol.37, No.2: 611-618.
[14] T. A. Meynard, H. Foch. Multilevel conversion: high voltage choppers and voltage-source inverters[C]. PESC. 1992.397-403.
[15] B. M. Song and J. S. Lai. A multilevel soft-switching inverter with inductor coupling[J]. IEEETransactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol. 37, No.2: 628-636.
[16] X. Yuan and I. Barbi. Zero voltage switching for three level capacitor clamping inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1999. Vol. 14, No.3: 771-781.
[17] L.M. Tolbert, Fang zheng Peng, T.G. Habetler. A multilevel converter-based universal power conditioner[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2000. Vol.36, No.2: 596-603.
[18] H.J.Kim, H.D.Lee, S.K.Sul. A new PWM strategy for common-mode voltage reduction in neutral-point-clamped inverter-fed AC motor drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol.37, No.6: 1840-1845.
[19]韦立祥,孙旭东,刘丛伟,李发海.高性能三电平异步电动机调速控制系统的研究和实现[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版). 2001. Vol.41, No.3: 13-16.
[20]倚鹏.高压变频器的产品和市场状况[J].电器工业. 2006. Vol.6, No.6: 17-18.
[21]刘凤君编著.多电平逆变技术及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2007.
[22] KMatsui, Y Kawata and F. Ueda. Application of parallel connected NPC-PWM inverters with multilevel modulation for AC motor drive[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2000. Vol. 15, No.5: 901-907.
[23]韦立祥,孙旭东,刘丛伟,李发海.一种新型的双PWM三电平调速系统控制方法[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版). 2002. Vol.42, No.3: 295-298.
[24]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第4版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2003.
[25]钱照明,张军明,吕征宇等.我国电力电子与电力传动面临的挑战与机遇[J].电工技术学报. 2004, Vol.19, No.8: 10-22.
[26]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005.
[27]冯垛生,曾岳南.无速度传感器矢量控制原理与实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 1998.
[28] M. Depenbrock. Direct self control of inverter-fed induction machine[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1988. Vol.PE-3, No.4: 420-429.
[29] I.Takahashi, T.Noguchi. A new quick-response and high efficiency control strategy of induction machine[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1986. Vol.22, No.5: 820-827.
[30]李夙.异步电动机直接转矩控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 1998.
[31]胡虎,李永东.交流电机直接转矩控制策略--现状与趋势[J].电气传动. 2004. Vol.25, No.3: 3-8.
[32] Romeo Ortega, Nikita Barabanov. Direct torque control of induction motors: stability analysis and performance improvement[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 2001. Vol.46, No.8: 1209-1222.
[33]李永东.多电平变换器----高压大容量电能变换的新技术[J].电力电子技术. 2005, Vol.39, No.5: 1-1.
[34]陶生桂,崔俊国.用于五电平逆变器的复式控制方法及其仿真研究[J].电工技术学报. 2002. Vol.7, No.2: 50-55.
[35] S. Busquets-Monge, J. Bordau, Dushan Boroyevich. Output voltage distortion characterization in multilevel PWM converters[J]. IEEE Power Electronics Letters. 2004. Vol.2, No.1: 24-28.
[36]宋文祥,陈国呈,武慧,孙承波.一种具有中点电位平衡功能的三电平空间矢量调制方法及其实现[J].中国电机工程学报. 2006. Vol.26, No.12: 95-100.
[37]王广柱.二极管钳位型多电平逆变器直流测电容电压不平衡机理的研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002. Vol.22, No.12: 111-117.
[38]姚文熙,吕征宇,费万民,等.一种新的三电平中点电位滞环控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报. 2005. Vol.25, No.7: 92-96.
[39]翁海清,孙旭东,刘丛伟等.三电平逆变器直流侧电压平衡控制方法的改进[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002, Vol.22, No.9, 94-97.
[40] Yo-Han Lee, Bum-Seok suh, and Dong-Seok Hyun. A novel PWM scheme for a three-level voltage source inverter with GTO thyristors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.2: 260-268.
[41]李永东.交流电机数字控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2002.
[42]陈伯时,陈敏逊.交流调速系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005.
[43]李崇坚著.交流同步电机调速系统[M].北京:科学出版社. 2006.
[44]吴守箴,臧英杰.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
[45]李永东.脉宽调制(PWM)技术——回顾、现状及展望[J].变频器世界. 1997. (7):14-22.
[46]吴洪洋,何湘宁.多电平载波PWM法与SVPWM法之间的本质联系及其应用[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002. Vol.22, No.5: 10-15.
[47] B. P. Mcgrath, and D. G. Holmes. An analytical technique for the determination of spectral components of multilevel carrier-based PWM methods[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.4: 847-857.
[48]王鸿雁.多电平逆变器PWM新方法及相关技术[D].浙江大学博士学位论文. 2004.
[49]陶生桂,杨超.二极管箝位式多电平逆变器PWM控制技术分析[J].电力电子技术. 2005. Vol.39, No.5: 7-9.
[50] Wei Sanmin, Wu Bin, Li Fahai, et al. A general space vector PWM control algorithm for multilevel inverters[C]. IEEE, APEC’2003, Florida, USA: 562-568.
[51] J. K. Steinke. Switching frequency optimal PWM control of a three-level inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1992. Vol.7, No.3: 487-496.
[52] Donald Grahame Holmes. The significance of zero space vector placement for carrier-based PWM schemes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.5: 1122-1129.
[53]宋强,刘文华,严干贵,王仲鸿.基于零序电压注入的三电平NPC逆变器中点电位平衡控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报. 2004. Vol.24, No.5: 57-62.
[54] Q. Song, W. Liu, Q. Yu, X. Xie and Z. Wang. A neutral-point potential balancing algorithm for three-level NPC inverters using analytically injected zero-sequence voltage[C]. Proceedings of the Applied Power Electronics Conference. 2003. Vol. 1, pp.228-233.
[55]张艳莉,费万民,吕征宇,姚文熙.三电平逆变器SHEPWM方法及其应用研究[J].电工技术学报. 2004. Vol.19. No.1: 16-19.
[56] A. K. Gupta, and A. M. khambadkone. A space vector PWM scheme for multilevel inverters based on two-level space vector PWM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2006. Vol.53, No.5: 1631-1639.
[57] B. P. McGrath, D. G. Holmes, and T. A. Lipo. Optimized space vector switching sequences for multilevel inverters[C]. Proceedings of IEEE APEC'01. 2001.pp.1123-1129.
[58] N.Celanovic, D.Voroyevich. A comprehensive study of neutral-point voltage balancing problem in three-level neutral-point-clamped voltage source PWM inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2000. Vol.15, No.2: 242-249.
[59] K. Yamanaka. A novel neutral point potential stabilization technique using the information of output current polarities and voltage vector[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2002. Vol.38, No.6: 1572-1580.
[60] Jae Hyeong Seo, Chang Ho Choi, Dong Seok Hyum. A new simplified space-vector PWM method for three-level inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2001. Vol.16. No.4: 545-550.
[61] H. L. Liu, G. H. Cho. Three-level space vector PWM in low index modulation region avoiding narrow pulse problem[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1994. Vol.9, No.5: 481-486.
[62]薄保中,苏彦民.多电平最优空间矢量PWM控制方法的研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002. Vol.22, No.2: 89-91.
[63] Roberto Rojas,Tokuo Ohnishi,and Takayuki Suzuki. An improved voltage vector control method for neutral-point-clamped inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1995.Vol.10, No.6: 666-672.
[64] B. Kaku, I. Miyashita, and S. Sone. Switching loss minimized space vector PWM method for IGBT three-level inverter[J]. IEE Proc. Electric Power Applications. 1997. Vol. 144, No.5: 182-190.
[65] J. Pou, D. Boroyevich and R. Pindado. New feedforward space-vector PWM method to obtain balanced AC output voltages in a three-level neutral-point-clamped converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.5: 1026-1034.
[66] K. A. Corzine, and J. R. Baker. Multilevel voltage-source duty-cycle modulation:analysis and implementation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.5: 1009-1016.
[67]唐雄民,龚理专,彭永进.一种快速的多电平空间矢量调制算法研究[J].高电压技术. 2006. Vol.32, No.2: 75-77.
[68]张永昌,赵争鸣.基于快速空间矢量调制算法的多电平逆变器电容电压平衡问题的研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2006. Vol.26, No.18: 71-76.
[69] N. Celanovic, D. Boroyevich. A fast space-vector modulation algorithm for multilevel three-phase converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol.37, No.2: 637-641.
[70] Y. Kawabata, T. kawakami, Y. Sasakura, E.C. Ejiogu, and T. Kawabata. New design method of decoupling control system for vector controlled induction motor[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2004. Vol.19, No.1: 1-9.
[71] M. Cirrincione, M. Pucci, G. Scordato. G. Vitale. A low-cost three-level converter for low-power electrical drives with induction motor applied to direct torque control[C]. IEEE. PESC’2004, Aachen, Germany, 2004.
[72]王焕刚,徐文立等.一种新型的感应电动机直接转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报. 2004. Vol.24, No.l: 107-111.
[73] Yen-Shin Lai, Jian-Ho Chen. A new approach to direct torque control of induction motor drives for constant inverter switching frequency and torque ripple reduction[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2001. Vol.16, No.3: 220-227.
[74] Lixin Tang. New direct torque control strategy for flux and torque ripple reduction for induction motors drive by using space vector modulation[C]. In Conf. Rec. PESC2001:1440-1445.
[75] Domenico Casadi, Giovanni Seas et al. Improvement of a direct torque control by using a discrete SVM technique[C]. IEEE PESC'98. 1998: 997-1003.
[76] S. Busquets-monge, J.D. Ortega, J. Bordonau, et al. Closed-loop control design for three-level three-phase neutral-point-clamped inverter using the optimized nearest three virtual-space-vector modulation[C]. Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 37th IEEE, Jeju, Korea, 2006: 1-7.
[77] J. Hu, B. Wu. New integration algorithms for estimating motor flux over a wide speed range[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1998. Vol.13, No.5: 969~977.
[78]林垒,邹云屏,王展,等.一种具有中点平衡功能的三电平异步电机直接转矩控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报. 2007. Vol.27, No.3: 46-50.
[79] C.K.Lee, Y.R.Hui, H.S.Chung, et al. A randomized voltage vector switching scheme for three-level power inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol.17, No.1: 94-100.
[80] Malik Elbuluk, Torque ripple minimization in direct torque control of induction machine[C]. Industry Applications Conference, Oct. 2003, vol.1: 11-16.
[81] Kyo-Beum Lee, Joong-Ho Song, Ick Choy, Ji-Yoon Yoo. Improvement of low-speed operation performance of DTC for three-level inverter-fed induction motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2001. Vol.48, No.5: 1006-1014.
[82]李永东,侯轩,谭卓辉.三电平逆变器异步电动机直接转矩控制系统(I)――单一矢量法[J].电工技术学报,2004,Vol.19, No.4: 34-39.
[83]李永东,侯轩,谭卓辉.三电平逆变器异步电动机直接转矩控制系统(II)――合成矢量法[J].电工技术学报. 2004. Vol.19, No.5: 31-35.
[84] S. Busquets-monge, J. Bordonau, D. Boroyevich, S. Somavilla. The nearest three virtual space vector PWM----a modulation for the comprehensive neutral-point balancing in the three-level NPC inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions Power Electronics Letters. 2004. Vol.2, No.1: 11-15.
[85] Zhuohui Tan, Yongdong Li, Min Li. A direct torque control of induction motor based on three-level NPC inverter[C]. IEEE PESC’2001. 2001. Vol.3: 1435-1439.
[86] S. Busquets-monge, J. D. Ortega, J. Bordonau, J. A. Beristain, J. Rocabert. Closed-loop control of a three-phase neutral-point-clamped inverter using an optimized virtual-vector-based pulse width modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2008. Vol.55, No.5: 2061-2071.
[87]刘亚东,吴学智,黄立培.改善直接转矩控制性能的SVPWM方法[J].清华大学学报. 2004. Vol.44, No.7: 869~872.
[88] T. G. Habetler, F. Profumo, M. Pastorelli, L. M. Tolbert. Direct torque control of inductionmachines using space vector modulation[C]. Conference Record IEEE IAS Annual Meeting. 1991. Vol. 1: 428-435.
[89] T. G. Habetler, F. Profumo, M. Pastorelli, et al. Direct torque control of induction motor using space vector modulation [J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1992. Vol.28, No.5: 1045-1053.
[90] J. Rodriguez, J. Pontt, C. Silva., R Huerta, H. Miranda. Simple direct torque control of induction machine using space vector modulation[J]. Electronics Letters, 2004. Vol.40, Issue. 7: 412-413.
[91] D.Casadei, G.Serra, A.Tani. Implementation of a direct torque control algorithm for induction motor based on discrete space vector modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2000. Vol.15 No.4: 769-777.
[92] Chlebis Petr, Moravcik Petr, Simonik Petr. Method of direct torque control for three-level voltage inverter[C]. 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications. Sep. 2009: 1-6.
[93]罗洁,桂武鸣,刘子建.三电平逆变器的空间矢量脉宽调制方法[J].电气传动自动化. 2006. Vol.28, No.4: 32-35.
[94] X. Hu, L. Zhang. A predictive direct torque control scheme for a three-level VSI-fed induction motor drive[C]. The 9th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Drives. Conference Publication No.468. 1999. 334-338.
[95] C. A. Martins, X. Roboam, et al. Switching frequency imposition and ripple reduction in DTC drives by using a multilevel converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol. 17, No.2: 286-297.
[96] G. Gatto, I. Marongiu, A. Serpi, A. Perfetto. A predictive direct torque control of induction machines[C]. International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 2008.6: 1103-1108.
[97] Izaskun Sarasola, Javier Poza, Miguel Angel Rodriguez, Gonzalo Abad. Predictive direct torque control for brushless doubly fed machine with reduced torque ripple at constant switching frequency[C]. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics. 4-7 June, 2007: 1074-1079.
[98] Kyo-Beum Lee, Joong-Ho Song, Ick Choy, Ji-Yoon Yoo. Torque ripple reduction in DTC of induction motor driven by three-level inverter with low switching frequency[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol.17, No.2: 255-264.
[99] Chuen Chien Lee. Fuzzy logic in control systems: fuzzy logic controller, Part II[J]. IEEETransactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. 1990. Vol. 20, No. 2: 419-435.
[100] Kevin M. Passino, Stephen Yurkovich. Fuzzy control[M]. Tsinghua University Press. ADDISON- WESLEY. 2001.
[101] Xuezhi Wu, Lipei Huang. Direct torque control of three-level inverter using neural network as a switching vector selection[C]. IAS Annual Meeting. IEEE Industry Applications Society, 2001.939-944.
[102] A.Arias, L.Romeral, E.Aldabas, M.G. Jayne. Improving direct torque control by means of fuzzy logic[J]. Electronics Letters. 2001. Vol.37, Issue: 1: 69 - 71.
[103]冯培悌.模糊控制器在异步电机直接转矩控制中的应用[J].电工技术学报. 1997. Vol.12, No.6: 10-14.
[104]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社. 2001.
[105]汤兵勇等.模糊控制理论与应用技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2002.
[106] K. L. Shi, T. F. Chan, Y K. Wong, et al. Direct self control of induction motor based on neural network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol.37, No.5: 1290-1298.
[107] Toro Xavier del, Calls Salvador, Jayne Marcel G., et al. Direct torque control of an inductor machine using a three-level inverter and fuzzy logic[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2004. Vol.2, No.4: 923-927.
[108]刘和平,邓力,江渝,张占龙编著.数字信号处理器原理、结构及应用基础——TMS320F28x DSP[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2007.
[109]徐科军,张瀚,陈智渊编著. TMS320X281x DSP原理与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2006.
[2] JoséRodríguez, Jih-Sheng Lai, Fang zheng Peng. Multilevel inverters: a survey of topologies, controls, and applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.4: 724-738.
[3]吴洪洋,何湘宁.高功率多电平变换器的研究和应用[J].电气传动. 2000. Vol.30, No.2: 7-12.
[4]李永东.高性能大容量交流电机调速技术的现状及展望[J].电工技术学报. 2005. Vol.20, No.2: 1-10.
[5] L.Tolbert, F. Z. Peng, and T. Habetler. Multilevel converter for large electric drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. Vol. 35, pp.36-44, Jan./Feb. 1999..
[6]李永东,肖曦,高跃编著.大容量多电平变换器――原理.控制.应用[M].北京:科学出版社. 2006.
[7]吴忠智,吴加林.中高压大功率变频器应用手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2003.
[8] H. Miyazaki, H. Fukumoto, S. Sugiyama, et al. Neutral-point-clamped inverter with parallel driving of IGBTs for industry applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2000. Vol.36, No.1: 146-151.
[9] A. Nabae, I. Takahashi, H. Akagi. A new neutral-point-clamped PWM inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1981. Vol.17, No.5: 518-523.
[10] J. S. Lai, F. Z. Peng. Multilevel Converters----A new breed of power converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.3: 509-517.
[11]何湘宁,陈阿莲编著.多电平变换器的理论和应用技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2006.
[12] F. Z. Peng, J. S. Lai. et al. A multilevel voltage-source inverter with separate DC sources for static var generation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.9: 1130-1138.
[13] Fang Zheng Peng. A generalized multilevel inverter topology with self voltage balancing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001, Vol.37, No.2: 611-618.
[14] T. A. Meynard, H. Foch. Multilevel conversion: high voltage choppers and voltage-source inverters[C]. PESC. 1992.397-403.
[15] B. M. Song and J. S. Lai. A multilevel soft-switching inverter with inductor coupling[J]. IEEETransactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol. 37, No.2: 628-636.
[16] X. Yuan and I. Barbi. Zero voltage switching for three level capacitor clamping inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1999. Vol. 14, No.3: 771-781.
[17] L.M. Tolbert, Fang zheng Peng, T.G. Habetler. A multilevel converter-based universal power conditioner[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2000. Vol.36, No.2: 596-603.
[18] H.J.Kim, H.D.Lee, S.K.Sul. A new PWM strategy for common-mode voltage reduction in neutral-point-clamped inverter-fed AC motor drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol.37, No.6: 1840-1845.
[19]韦立祥,孙旭东,刘丛伟,李发海.高性能三电平异步电动机调速控制系统的研究和实现[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版). 2001. Vol.41, No.3: 13-16.
[20]倚鹏.高压变频器的产品和市场状况[J].电器工业. 2006. Vol.6, No.6: 17-18.
[21]刘凤君编著.多电平逆变技术及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2007.
[22] KMatsui, Y Kawata and F. Ueda. Application of parallel connected NPC-PWM inverters with multilevel modulation for AC motor drive[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2000. Vol. 15, No.5: 901-907.
[23]韦立祥,孙旭东,刘丛伟,李发海.一种新型的双PWM三电平调速系统控制方法[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版). 2002. Vol.42, No.3: 295-298.
[24]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第4版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2003.
[25]钱照明,张军明,吕征宇等.我国电力电子与电力传动面临的挑战与机遇[J].电工技术学报. 2004, Vol.19, No.8: 10-22.
[26]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005.
[27]冯垛生,曾岳南.无速度传感器矢量控制原理与实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 1998.
[28] M. Depenbrock. Direct self control of inverter-fed induction machine[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1988. Vol.PE-3, No.4: 420-429.
[29] I.Takahashi, T.Noguchi. A new quick-response and high efficiency control strategy of induction machine[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1986. Vol.22, No.5: 820-827.
[30]李夙.异步电动机直接转矩控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 1998.
[31]胡虎,李永东.交流电机直接转矩控制策略--现状与趋势[J].电气传动. 2004. Vol.25, No.3: 3-8.
[32] Romeo Ortega, Nikita Barabanov. Direct torque control of induction motors: stability analysis and performance improvement[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 2001. Vol.46, No.8: 1209-1222.
[33]李永东.多电平变换器----高压大容量电能变换的新技术[J].电力电子技术. 2005, Vol.39, No.5: 1-1.
[34]陶生桂,崔俊国.用于五电平逆变器的复式控制方法及其仿真研究[J].电工技术学报. 2002. Vol.7, No.2: 50-55.
[35] S. Busquets-Monge, J. Bordau, Dushan Boroyevich. Output voltage distortion characterization in multilevel PWM converters[J]. IEEE Power Electronics Letters. 2004. Vol.2, No.1: 24-28.
[36]宋文祥,陈国呈,武慧,孙承波.一种具有中点电位平衡功能的三电平空间矢量调制方法及其实现[J].中国电机工程学报. 2006. Vol.26, No.12: 95-100.
[37]王广柱.二极管钳位型多电平逆变器直流测电容电压不平衡机理的研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002. Vol.22, No.12: 111-117.
[38]姚文熙,吕征宇,费万民,等.一种新的三电平中点电位滞环控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报. 2005. Vol.25, No.7: 92-96.
[39]翁海清,孙旭东,刘丛伟等.三电平逆变器直流侧电压平衡控制方法的改进[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002, Vol.22, No.9, 94-97.
[40] Yo-Han Lee, Bum-Seok suh, and Dong-Seok Hyun. A novel PWM scheme for a three-level voltage source inverter with GTO thyristors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.2: 260-268.
[41]李永东.交流电机数字控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2002.
[42]陈伯时,陈敏逊.交流调速系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005.
[43]李崇坚著.交流同步电机调速系统[M].北京:科学出版社. 2006.
[44]吴守箴,臧英杰.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
[45]李永东.脉宽调制(PWM)技术——回顾、现状及展望[J].变频器世界. 1997. (7):14-22.
[46]吴洪洋,何湘宁.多电平载波PWM法与SVPWM法之间的本质联系及其应用[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002. Vol.22, No.5: 10-15.
[47] B. P. Mcgrath, and D. G. Holmes. An analytical technique for the determination of spectral components of multilevel carrier-based PWM methods[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.4: 847-857.
[48]王鸿雁.多电平逆变器PWM新方法及相关技术[D].浙江大学博士学位论文. 2004.
[49]陶生桂,杨超.二极管箝位式多电平逆变器PWM控制技术分析[J].电力电子技术. 2005. Vol.39, No.5: 7-9.
[50] Wei Sanmin, Wu Bin, Li Fahai, et al. A general space vector PWM control algorithm for multilevel inverters[C]. IEEE, APEC’2003, Florida, USA: 562-568.
[51] J. K. Steinke. Switching frequency optimal PWM control of a three-level inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1992. Vol.7, No.3: 487-496.
[52] Donald Grahame Holmes. The significance of zero space vector placement for carrier-based PWM schemes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1996. Vol.32, No.5: 1122-1129.
[53]宋强,刘文华,严干贵,王仲鸿.基于零序电压注入的三电平NPC逆变器中点电位平衡控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报. 2004. Vol.24, No.5: 57-62.
[54] Q. Song, W. Liu, Q. Yu, X. Xie and Z. Wang. A neutral-point potential balancing algorithm for three-level NPC inverters using analytically injected zero-sequence voltage[C]. Proceedings of the Applied Power Electronics Conference. 2003. Vol. 1, pp.228-233.
[55]张艳莉,费万民,吕征宇,姚文熙.三电平逆变器SHEPWM方法及其应用研究[J].电工技术学报. 2004. Vol.19. No.1: 16-19.
[56] A. K. Gupta, and A. M. khambadkone. A space vector PWM scheme for multilevel inverters based on two-level space vector PWM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2006. Vol.53, No.5: 1631-1639.
[57] B. P. McGrath, D. G. Holmes, and T. A. Lipo. Optimized space vector switching sequences for multilevel inverters[C]. Proceedings of IEEE APEC'01. 2001.pp.1123-1129.
[58] N.Celanovic, D.Voroyevich. A comprehensive study of neutral-point voltage balancing problem in three-level neutral-point-clamped voltage source PWM inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2000. Vol.15, No.2: 242-249.
[59] K. Yamanaka. A novel neutral point potential stabilization technique using the information of output current polarities and voltage vector[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2002. Vol.38, No.6: 1572-1580.
[60] Jae Hyeong Seo, Chang Ho Choi, Dong Seok Hyum. A new simplified space-vector PWM method for three-level inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2001. Vol.16. No.4: 545-550.
[61] H. L. Liu, G. H. Cho. Three-level space vector PWM in low index modulation region avoiding narrow pulse problem[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1994. Vol.9, No.5: 481-486.
[62]薄保中,苏彦民.多电平最优空间矢量PWM控制方法的研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2002. Vol.22, No.2: 89-91.
[63] Roberto Rojas,Tokuo Ohnishi,and Takayuki Suzuki. An improved voltage vector control method for neutral-point-clamped inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1995.Vol.10, No.6: 666-672.
[64] B. Kaku, I. Miyashita, and S. Sone. Switching loss minimized space vector PWM method for IGBT three-level inverter[J]. IEE Proc. Electric Power Applications. 1997. Vol. 144, No.5: 182-190.
[65] J. Pou, D. Boroyevich and R. Pindado. New feedforward space-vector PWM method to obtain balanced AC output voltages in a three-level neutral-point-clamped converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.5: 1026-1034.
[66] K. A. Corzine, and J. R. Baker. Multilevel voltage-source duty-cycle modulation:analysis and implementation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2002. Vol.49, No.5: 1009-1016.
[67]唐雄民,龚理专,彭永进.一种快速的多电平空间矢量调制算法研究[J].高电压技术. 2006. Vol.32, No.2: 75-77.
[68]张永昌,赵争鸣.基于快速空间矢量调制算法的多电平逆变器电容电压平衡问题的研究[J].中国电机工程学报. 2006. Vol.26, No.18: 71-76.
[69] N. Celanovic, D. Boroyevich. A fast space-vector modulation algorithm for multilevel three-phase converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol.37, No.2: 637-641.
[70] Y. Kawabata, T. kawakami, Y. Sasakura, E.C. Ejiogu, and T. Kawabata. New design method of decoupling control system for vector controlled induction motor[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2004. Vol.19, No.1: 1-9.
[71] M. Cirrincione, M. Pucci, G. Scordato. G. Vitale. A low-cost three-level converter for low-power electrical drives with induction motor applied to direct torque control[C]. IEEE. PESC’2004, Aachen, Germany, 2004.
[72]王焕刚,徐文立等.一种新型的感应电动机直接转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报. 2004. Vol.24, No.l: 107-111.
[73] Yen-Shin Lai, Jian-Ho Chen. A new approach to direct torque control of induction motor drives for constant inverter switching frequency and torque ripple reduction[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2001. Vol.16, No.3: 220-227.
[74] Lixin Tang. New direct torque control strategy for flux and torque ripple reduction for induction motors drive by using space vector modulation[C]. In Conf. Rec. PESC2001:1440-1445.
[75] Domenico Casadi, Giovanni Seas et al. Improvement of a direct torque control by using a discrete SVM technique[C]. IEEE PESC'98. 1998: 997-1003.
[76] S. Busquets-monge, J.D. Ortega, J. Bordonau, et al. Closed-loop control design for three-level three-phase neutral-point-clamped inverter using the optimized nearest three virtual-space-vector modulation[C]. Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 37th IEEE, Jeju, Korea, 2006: 1-7.
[77] J. Hu, B. Wu. New integration algorithms for estimating motor flux over a wide speed range[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1998. Vol.13, No.5: 969~977.
[78]林垒,邹云屏,王展,等.一种具有中点平衡功能的三电平异步电机直接转矩控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报. 2007. Vol.27, No.3: 46-50.
[79] C.K.Lee, Y.R.Hui, H.S.Chung, et al. A randomized voltage vector switching scheme for three-level power inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol.17, No.1: 94-100.
[80] Malik Elbuluk, Torque ripple minimization in direct torque control of induction machine[C]. Industry Applications Conference, Oct. 2003, vol.1: 11-16.
[81] Kyo-Beum Lee, Joong-Ho Song, Ick Choy, Ji-Yoon Yoo. Improvement of low-speed operation performance of DTC for three-level inverter-fed induction motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2001. Vol.48, No.5: 1006-1014.
[82]李永东,侯轩,谭卓辉.三电平逆变器异步电动机直接转矩控制系统(I)――单一矢量法[J].电工技术学报,2004,Vol.19, No.4: 34-39.
[83]李永东,侯轩,谭卓辉.三电平逆变器异步电动机直接转矩控制系统(II)――合成矢量法[J].电工技术学报. 2004. Vol.19, No.5: 31-35.
[84] S. Busquets-monge, J. Bordonau, D. Boroyevich, S. Somavilla. The nearest three virtual space vector PWM----a modulation for the comprehensive neutral-point balancing in the three-level NPC inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions Power Electronics Letters. 2004. Vol.2, No.1: 11-15.
[85] Zhuohui Tan, Yongdong Li, Min Li. A direct torque control of induction motor based on three-level NPC inverter[C]. IEEE PESC’2001. 2001. Vol.3: 1435-1439.
[86] S. Busquets-monge, J. D. Ortega, J. Bordonau, J. A. Beristain, J. Rocabert. Closed-loop control of a three-phase neutral-point-clamped inverter using an optimized virtual-vector-based pulse width modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2008. Vol.55, No.5: 2061-2071.
[87]刘亚东,吴学智,黄立培.改善直接转矩控制性能的SVPWM方法[J].清华大学学报. 2004. Vol.44, No.7: 869~872.
[88] T. G. Habetler, F. Profumo, M. Pastorelli, L. M. Tolbert. Direct torque control of inductionmachines using space vector modulation[C]. Conference Record IEEE IAS Annual Meeting. 1991. Vol. 1: 428-435.
[89] T. G. Habetler, F. Profumo, M. Pastorelli, et al. Direct torque control of induction motor using space vector modulation [J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 1992. Vol.28, No.5: 1045-1053.
[90] J. Rodriguez, J. Pontt, C. Silva., R Huerta, H. Miranda. Simple direct torque control of induction machine using space vector modulation[J]. Electronics Letters, 2004. Vol.40, Issue. 7: 412-413.
[91] D.Casadei, G.Serra, A.Tani. Implementation of a direct torque control algorithm for induction motor based on discrete space vector modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2000. Vol.15 No.4: 769-777.
[92] Chlebis Petr, Moravcik Petr, Simonik Petr. Method of direct torque control for three-level voltage inverter[C]. 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications. Sep. 2009: 1-6.
[93]罗洁,桂武鸣,刘子建.三电平逆变器的空间矢量脉宽调制方法[J].电气传动自动化. 2006. Vol.28, No.4: 32-35.
[94] X. Hu, L. Zhang. A predictive direct torque control scheme for a three-level VSI-fed induction motor drive[C]. The 9th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Drives. Conference Publication No.468. 1999. 334-338.
[95] C. A. Martins, X. Roboam, et al. Switching frequency imposition and ripple reduction in DTC drives by using a multilevel converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol. 17, No.2: 286-297.
[96] G. Gatto, I. Marongiu, A. Serpi, A. Perfetto. A predictive direct torque control of induction machines[C]. International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 2008.6: 1103-1108.
[97] Izaskun Sarasola, Javier Poza, Miguel Angel Rodriguez, Gonzalo Abad. Predictive direct torque control for brushless doubly fed machine with reduced torque ripple at constant switching frequency[C]. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics. 4-7 June, 2007: 1074-1079.
[98] Kyo-Beum Lee, Joong-Ho Song, Ick Choy, Ji-Yoon Yoo. Torque ripple reduction in DTC of induction motor driven by three-level inverter with low switching frequency[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2002. Vol.17, No.2: 255-264.
[99] Chuen Chien Lee. Fuzzy logic in control systems: fuzzy logic controller, Part II[J]. IEEETransactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. 1990. Vol. 20, No. 2: 419-435.
[100] Kevin M. Passino, Stephen Yurkovich. Fuzzy control[M]. Tsinghua University Press. ADDISON- WESLEY. 2001.
[101] Xuezhi Wu, Lipei Huang. Direct torque control of three-level inverter using neural network as a switching vector selection[C]. IAS Annual Meeting. IEEE Industry Applications Society, 2001.939-944.
[102] A.Arias, L.Romeral, E.Aldabas, M.G. Jayne. Improving direct torque control by means of fuzzy logic[J]. Electronics Letters. 2001. Vol.37, Issue: 1: 69 - 71.
[103]冯培悌.模糊控制器在异步电机直接转矩控制中的应用[J].电工技术学报. 1997. Vol.12, No.6: 10-14.
[104]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社. 2001.
[105]汤兵勇等.模糊控制理论与应用技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2002.
[106] K. L. Shi, T. F. Chan, Y K. Wong, et al. Direct self control of induction motor based on neural network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2001. Vol.37, No.5: 1290-1298.
[107] Toro Xavier del, Calls Salvador, Jayne Marcel G., et al. Direct torque control of an inductor machine using a three-level inverter and fuzzy logic[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2004. Vol.2, No.4: 923-927.
[108]刘和平,邓力,江渝,张占龙编著.数字信号处理器原理、结构及应用基础——TMS320F28x DSP[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2007.
[109]徐科军,张瀚,陈智渊编著. TMS320X281x DSP原理与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2006.