黄骅坳陷南部自来屯区块地质构造和成藏研究
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摘要
黄骅坳陷在燕山褶皱带以南,埕宁隆起以西,大体成南西—北东向展布,是中国东部渤海湾盆地的一个构造单元。渤海湾盆地是华北地台最大的中新生代的断陷区,以印支期为转折,形成了黄骅坳陷古生界底板构造骨架,在底板构造的基础上拉张裂陷,发育了第三系断陷盆地。自来屯油田位于黄骅坳陷南部,处于孔店潜山构造带西翼北端,孔西断层西侧北段。其断裂背斜构造构造面貌是在中生代褶皱运动基础上,由于新生代始新世—渐新世时期断块旋转翘倾侧向挤压形成。从断裂展布特征分析,其构造主体部位为北东向和近南北向两组正断层组成的“人”字形断裂系统,向东收敛,断层非常发育。其中北东向李天木断裂和枣2301断裂是主干断裂,控制研究区地层沉积和构造形成。自来屯区块所处的黄骅坳陷南区在其演化过程中,始终伴随着十分明显的断裂作用,这些断层的形成与活动不但控制了盆地沉积环境和生油凹陷的分布和演化,形成了许多有利的构造圈闭。而且也对油气运移有着十分重要的影响。研究区的沉积受喜山运动影响,在盆地南区产生拉张裂陷,形成孤立的沉积小盆地,并在这种沉积环境中沉积了孔店组地层,孔一段时期以盆缘冲积扇群、洪泛平原为主,局部伴有小型准盐化湖沼的冲积扇—膏盐湖沉积环境。其有利的生油条件、丰富的资源量是油气藏形成的物质基础。以巨厚烃源岩岩为生油层,以膏泥岩为盖层,以冲积扇扇中亚相辫状河道、心滩微相为主的砂岩体构造了主力储集层,为油气富集提供了有利的空间场所。自来屯地区沉积相带决定了储层特征,砂岩储层发育,高孔中渗细喉为其特征。油藏类型主要为岩性构造油藏,其次为岩性油藏。油水分布规律主要受断块构造的控制,各断块油层富集程度有较大的区别,受构造部位、储层岩性变化、断层通道、油源方向等诸多因素的控制,形成了自来屯地区含油富集带。
Huanghua depression locates in the south of Yanshan Fold zone and west of Chengning Upheaval,tending towards to SW-NE,and belongs to a tectonic unit of Bohai Bay basin in the east of China. Bohai Bay basin is the biggest depressed area in the Huabei platform during Mesozoic and Cenozoic,but to the stage of Yinzhi,this area transforms to the Paleozoic Erathem floor tetonic framework of Huanghua Depression,and on the basis of floor tectonic,this area has been pulled and falled,coming into being tertiary fault basin.Zilaitun oil field lies in the south of Huanghua depression,locating to the north part of the west limb of Kongdian submoutain and north to west of Kongxi Fault. The faulting fold structure is the result of faulting block circumrotating,warping,lateral extrusion during Eiocene and Oligocene of Cenozoic on the basis of Mesozoic Folding movement.From the analysis of the faults distributing characters,the main part of faults have two group normal fault system with "lambdoidal shape"and trending towards to NE and NS separately.The backbone fault is the Litianmu Fault and Zao2301 Fault taking to NE,controlling the formation of sedimentary and structure of studing area.During the evolvement course of Zilaitun block of Huanghua Depression,the faulting action plays an important rule from early to late;the formation and movement of these faults controls the sedimentary entironment and distribution and evolvement of oil sag,on the same time,forming many advantaged structure traps,and having an important infuluence to the transfer of oil and gas.The sedimentary of studying area affected by the movement of Xishan,the south area of basin brought into pullment sinking,and formed a isolated sedimentary basin.Under this sedimentary surroundings,the Kongdian formation stratum has been formed.On the stage of Kongyi Member,the main sedimentary facies are the fluvial fan group and flooding plain,and going with the sedimentary surrounding of minitype limnological fluvial fan—gypsum saline.The advantaged oil conditions and rich resource are the physical basis of oil and gas reservoir.The thick oil stratum of hydrocarbon rock,the trap stratum of gypsum-mud rock,the reservoir stratum of sandstone with faceis of fluvial fan braided riverway and center beach. offers advantaged location for collection of oil and gas.The sedimentary facies zone of Zilaitun area determines the characteristic of reservoir as following sandstone reservoir,high interstice,high infiltration.The mian type of reservoir is lithological-tectonic reservoir,and then lithological reservoir.The distribution rule of oil and water is mainly controlled by fault block structure, and that the richness of separately fault block oil reservoir has great difference.The formation of oil reservoir zone on Zilaitun area is controlled by many factors such as structure location, lithological change of reservoir,fault channels,way of oil resource.
Huanghua depression locates in the south of Yanshan Fold zone and west of Chengning Upheaval,tending towards to SW-NE,and belongs to a tectonic unit of Bohai Bay basin in the east of China. Bohai Bay basin is the biggest depressed area in the Huabei platform during Mesozoic and Cenozoic,but to the stage of Yinzhi,this area transforms to the Paleozoic Erathem floor tetonic framework of Huanghua Depression,and on the basis of floor tectonic,this area has been pulled and falled,coming into being tertiary fault basin.Zilaitun oil field lies in the south of Huanghua depression,locating to the north part of the west limb of Kongdian submoutain and north to west of Kongxi Fault. The faulting fold structure is the result of faulting block circumrotating,warping,lateral extrusion during Eiocene and Oligocene of Cenozoic on the basis of Mesozoic Folding movement.From the analysis of the faults distributing characters,the main part of faults have two group normal fault system with "lambdoidal shape"and trending towards to NE and NS separately.The backbone fault is the Litianmu Fault and Zao2301 Fault taking to NE,controlling the formation of sedimentary and structure of studing area.During the evolvement course of Zilaitun block of Huanghua Depression,the faulting action plays an important rule from early to late;the formation and movement of these faults controls the sedimentary entironment and distribution and evolvement of oil sag,on the same time,forming many advantaged structure traps,and having an important infuluence to the transfer of oil and gas.The sedimentary of studying area affected by the movement of Xishan,the south area of basin brought into pullment sinking,and formed a isolated sedimentary basin.Under this sedimentary surroundings,the Kongdian formation stratum has been formed.On the stage of Kongyi Member,the main sedimentary facies are the fluvial fan group and flooding plain,and going with the sedimentary surrounding of minitype limnological fluvial fan—gypsum saline.The advantaged oil conditions and rich resource are the physical basis of oil and gas reservoir.The thick oil stratum of hydrocarbon rock,the trap stratum of gypsum-mud rock,the reservoir stratum of sandstone with faceis of fluvial fan braided riverway and center beach. offers advantaged location for collection of oil and gas.The sedimentary facies zone of Zilaitun area determines the characteristic of reservoir as following sandstone reservoir,high interstice,high infiltration.The mian type of reservoir is lithological-tectonic reservoir,and then lithological reservoir.The distribution rule of oil and water is mainly controlled by fault block structure, and that the richness of separately fault block oil reservoir has great difference.The formation of oil reservoir zone on Zilaitun area is controlled by many factors such as structure location, lithological change of reservoir,fault channels,way of oil resource.
引文
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