不同时期添加甜菜碱对肉鸡生产性能及脂肪代谢影响的研究
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摘要
360只1日龄健康艾维茵(Avian)肉雏鸡随机分为6组,每组60
    只,分别为对照组和第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ试验组,试验期7周。第
    Ⅰ~Ⅴ组分别于不同时期添加同一剂量的甜菜碱(1000mg/kg,0.1%),
    添加时间依次为1~7周,2~4周,3~5周,4~6周,5~7周。结果表
    明:不同时期添加甜菜碱均促进了肉鸡体增重,降低了肉鸡腹脂率,
    与对照组相比,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组7周末体重分别高出
    8.01%(p<0.01),5.01%(p<0.05),4.47%(p<0.05),2.24%(p>0.05)和2.09%
    (p>0.05);腹脂率分别降低了19.56%(p<0.01),6.09%(p<0.05),13.48%
    (p<0.01),15.65%(p<0.01)和12.17%(p<0.05);第Ⅱ组体重曾在第3、4
    周末超过第Ⅰ组,从6周龄开始,各组间体重差异在逐渐缩小;添加
    甜菜碱组皮脂厚度,胸、腿肌中甘油三酯含量较对照组不同程度增加
    (厚),但肝脏中甘油三酯含量各实验组均低于对照组;血清多个生化
    指标各次采样测定值,组间变化复杂,但其动态变化呈现一定的规律
    性;其中,血清总蛋白含量较稳定,总氨基酸含量随周龄逐渐升高,
    甘油三酯5~6周高于1~3周,游离脂肪酸含量随周龄呈下降趋势,血
    清尿酸呈现缓U型变化曲线。结论:①不同时期添加0.1%甜菜碱可
    促进肉鸡体增重,降低腹胀率,引起体内脂肪重新分配;前期添加甜
    菜碱对肉鸡增重效果明显,而后期添加降腹脂作用显著;②甜菜碱具
    有明显抗脂肪肝作用;③血清部分生化指标的动态变化证明了肉鸡前
    期生长发育旺盛,后期脂肪沉积较多;④甜菜碱对肉鸡的增重效果短
    期内明显,最终肉鸡体重差异各组间逐渐变小。
Effect of Betai on Broiler Product Performance and
    
     Fat Metabolism in Different Stage
    
     Abstract
    
     360 broilers, aged 1 day, were allotted to 6 groups randomly and
     each group included 60 broiler respectively.All groups received the same
     basal diet. I - V group is the test groups(supplemented with 1000mg/kg
     betaine respectively in different stage just as F?wk, 2?wk, 3~5wk,
     4?wk, 5-?wk),and another group is the control group. The result
     indicated that betaine groups increased body weight by 8.Ol%(p     5.01 %(pO.OS) and 2.O9%(p>O.O5)
     respectively while these groups decreased the rate of abdominal fat by
     19.5 6%(p    
     12.17% (p     experiment. The body weight of group II was once higher than group I
     at the end of 3wk and 4wk.After 6wk, the difference of body weight
     between each group decreased gradually with the growth of age; The
     content of tricylglycerol in muscle of chest and leg in test groups had a
     rise but it decreased in liver; The change of serum biochemical indexes
     was regular relatively during the experiment though it was complicated
     between different groups. These results suggested that: ?Betaine
     increases the body weight gained but decrease the abdominal fat of
     broiler, results in the re-allocation of body fat;Jbetaine prevents from
     the fat liver;etaine increases weight gained significantly by betaine in
     early period.
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