肉仔鸡中药增重保健剂及其作用机理的研究
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摘要
从提高肉仔鸡的生产性能,增强机体抗病力的角度出发,结合肉仔鸡不同时期
    不同的生长特点,精心研制了纯中药饲料添加剂——“肉鸡宝”(方Ⅰ)和“雏鸡
    宝”(方Ⅱ)两方。通过饲养试验,观察了方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ对不同时期肉仔鸡的增重保
    健效果。为了探讨其增重保健机理,本研究一方面检测了方Ⅰ和方Ⅱ对肉仔鸡氮沉
    积率、干物质消化率、血液激素水平、尿酸尿素氮、小肠组织结构以及小肠运动各
    方面的影响;另一方面检测了方Ⅰ和方Ⅱ对肉仔鸡新城疫HI抗体效价以及T淋巴
    细胞ANAE~+阳性率的影响。结果表明:
     1.方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ可极显著提高肉仔鸡的增重速度(P<0.01)和饲料转化率
     (P<0.01),使肉仔鸡的氮沉积率和干物质消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。
     2.方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ使肉仔鸡T3、T4水平显著提高(P<0.05),GH水平极显著下降
     (P<0.01),尿酸尿素氮水平显著降低(P<0.05)。
     3.方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ可使肉仔鸡离体十二指肠运动加强,通过显微观察,发现方Ⅰ、
     方Ⅱ加药组肉仔鸡肠壁增厚、肠绒毛增长、数量增多且排列整齐。
     4.方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ使肉仔鸡首免后第6、15天新城疫HI抗体效价显著提高(P<0.05),
     二免后第6、15天的HI抗体效价有升高的趋势但差异不显著(P>0.05);方
     Ⅰ、方Ⅱ使二免后外周血T淋巴细胞阳性率显著提高(P<0.05)。
     5.体外抑菌试验结果,方Ⅰ抗大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径为13.5cm,方Ⅱ则为零。
     6.方Ⅰ、方Ⅱ的LD_(50)>21.5g/kg体重,无毒副作用,安全可靠。
In order to evaluate the performance and immune function on broiler chickens, we made up
     a pure Chinese herbal medicine additive "Rou-ji-bao(Prescription I )"and "Chu-ji-bao
     (Prescription II)"in accordance with broiler's physiological characteristics in their different
     periods. During the feeding trial, the effect of Prescription (P) I and P 11 on broiler's
     performance and immune function were observed in their different periods. In order to investigate
     its mechanism of action, some indexes such as the nitrogen baIance~ dry-matter digestibility of a
     feed (DMD ) uric acid (UA )~ blood urea nitrogen (BUN )~ T3 and T4 of peripheral blood.
     growth hormone (GH )、 duodenum's stmcture and its movement were detected. Meanwhile, the
     effect of P I and P II on the testing broilers?HI antibody titres and the positive rate of I
     lymphocytes were investigated. The results of the series experiments were listed below:
     I. Growth rate and meat-feed rate were significantly enhanced (P<0.0I ) , nitrogen
     deposition rate and dry-matter digestibility of the food were increased (P     feeding of Chinese herbal medicine P 1 and P II to the broiler chickens.
     2. P 1 and P 11 increased T3 and T4 levels in peripheral blood, significantly decreased
     growthhormone (GH) (P~0.0l)~ uricacid (UA) andbloodurean7itrogen (BUN)
     levels of testing broilers.
     3. P I and P 11 improved the duodenum movement of testing broilers. The results of
     microscope show that the duodenum mucous of broilers in testing groups became
     thickened and the quantity of villi was increased. Meanwhile, the regularity of villi
     became better.
     4. P I and P II made the HI antibody titres of the testing groups higher than that of the
     control groups on 6th day. 15thday post first immunization(P<0.05). There were no
     significant differences in HI antibody titres in the five groups post second immunization
     (P>0.05) . P I and P II made the positive rate of T lymphocytes higher than that of
     control group on 6th day and 15th day post second immunization(P<0.05).
     5. In in vitro bacteriostasis studies, the diameter of antibacterial action by P I to
     Escherichia coli were 13.5cm, but P11 showed no antibacterial activity.
     6. The LD~ of P 1 and P 11 was more than 21 .5g/kg body weight, no side-effect was
     observed. This prescription is safe and reliable to use.
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