小鱼眼草化学成分研究
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摘要
小鱼眼草(Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke)为菊科(Compositae)鱼眼草属(Dichrocephala)植物,全草入药。具有清热解毒,祛风明目的功能,在民间多用于治疗肝炎,小儿消化不良,小儿感冒发烧,痢疾等。
小鱼眼草用85%和75%乙醇多次浸提,回收溶剂后的浸膏。浸膏依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,用色谱分离技术对各分部进行分离。从氯仿和乙酸乙酯分部中分离得到7个物质,通过理化常数测定及波谱技术分析,鉴定了其中的4个,它们分别是:没食子酸、山奈酚、槲皮素和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
另外采用水蒸馏法提取小鱼眼草挥发油,并运用GC-MS鉴定了其中的38种化学成分,主要为α,α.4-三甲基-环已-3-烯-1-甲醇(6.66%)、苯甲醛(5.68%)、杜松醇(4.33%)、苯乙烯醇(2.90%)、Aciphyllene(2.89%)、正十六酸(2.86%)、苯甲酸乙酯(2.78%)。采用打孔法对小鱼眼草挥发油的抑菌活性进行了研究,研究表明:小鱼眼草挥发油对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌都有较强的抑菌活性。
Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke belongs to a species of Dichrocephal in Compositae,the whole plant can be for medicine.It possesses the function Of "heat-cleaning and detoxicating,dispelling wind-evil".In the civil,It was healed for hepatitis,cacochylia cold and fervescence in children and dysentery etc.
Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke was dipped with 85%and 75%ethanol in turn,after condensed,a Concrete obtained.Then the Concrete was extracted especitively with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl aceate and n-butyl alcohol.All the parts were separated and purified by the skills as follows,silica gel column,TLC and recrystallization and LH-20 sephades column.Seven compounds are purified from chloroform and ethyl acetate parts and 4 of the compounds were identified by physical & chemical data,~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR and mass spectrum.They are gallic acid, kaempferol,quercetin,dibutyl phthalate.These compounds are isolated from the genus for the first time.
Used GC-Ms to analyze the constituents of the essential oil from Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke,we identified 38 compounds,the major compounds are 3-Cyclohexcn-1-methanol,α,α.4-trimcthyl-(6.66%)、Benzaldehyde (5.68%)、α-Cadinol(4.33%)、PhenylethylAlcohol(2.90%)、Aciphyllene(2.89%)、n-Hexadecanoic acid(2.86%)、Benzoic acid,ethyl ester(2.78%).An antibacterial activity of the essential oil was tested by strike hollow method,and the result showed that the essential oil from Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke have a strong antibacterial activity.
小鱼眼草用85%和75%乙醇多次浸提,回收溶剂后的浸膏。浸膏依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,用色谱分离技术对各分部进行分离。从氯仿和乙酸乙酯分部中分离得到7个物质,通过理化常数测定及波谱技术分析,鉴定了其中的4个,它们分别是:没食子酸、山奈酚、槲皮素和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
另外采用水蒸馏法提取小鱼眼草挥发油,并运用GC-MS鉴定了其中的38种化学成分,主要为α,α.4-三甲基-环已-3-烯-1-甲醇(6.66%)、苯甲醛(5.68%)、杜松醇(4.33%)、苯乙烯醇(2.90%)、Aciphyllene(2.89%)、正十六酸(2.86%)、苯甲酸乙酯(2.78%)。采用打孔法对小鱼眼草挥发油的抑菌活性进行了研究,研究表明:小鱼眼草挥发油对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌都有较强的抑菌活性。
Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke belongs to a species of Dichrocephal in Compositae,the whole plant can be for medicine.It possesses the function Of "heat-cleaning and detoxicating,dispelling wind-evil".In the civil,It was healed for hepatitis,cacochylia cold and fervescence in children and dysentery etc.
Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke was dipped with 85%and 75%ethanol in turn,after condensed,a Concrete obtained.Then the Concrete was extracted especitively with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl aceate and n-butyl alcohol.All the parts were separated and purified by the skills as follows,silica gel column,TLC and recrystallization and LH-20 sephades column.Seven compounds are purified from chloroform and ethyl acetate parts and 4 of the compounds were identified by physical & chemical data,~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR and mass spectrum.They are gallic acid, kaempferol,quercetin,dibutyl phthalate.These compounds are isolated from the genus for the first time.
Used GC-Ms to analyze the constituents of the essential oil from Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke,we identified 38 compounds,the major compounds are 3-Cyclohexcn-1-methanol,α,α.4-trimcthyl-(6.66%)、Benzaldehyde (5.68%)、α-Cadinol(4.33%)、PhenylethylAlcohol(2.90%)、Aciphyllene(2.89%)、n-Hexadecanoic acid(2.86%)、Benzoic acid,ethyl ester(2.78%).An antibacterial activity of the essential oil was tested by strike hollow method,and the result showed that the essential oil from Dichrocephala benthamii Clarke have a strong antibacterial activity.
引文
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[2]王开金,陈列忠.一枝黄花属植物的化学成分和生物活性研究进展.科技通报,2007,23(1):23-25.
[3]王炳章.红花液对实验性心肌梗塞犬不同梗塞区心肌缺血程度的影响.药学学报.1979,14(8),47.
[4]王海波.SFE萃取蛇床子挥发成分的研究.中药材,1996,19(2):84.
[5]王新芳,董岩.艾蒿的化学成分及药理作用研究进展.时珍国医国药,2006,17(2):58.
[6]王蕾.口服大蓟止血粉处理拔牙创口的新应用初报[J].药学实践杂志,1999,17(3):140-141.
[7]尹复元,蔡锋.菊叶鱼眼草挥发油成分研究.云南中医学院学报,1993,16:26.
[8]云南卫生局.云南中草药.昆明:云南人民卫生出版社,1987:230.
[9]张新.国外医药植物药分册,1999,14:65.
[10]全国中草药汇编下册人民卫生出版社,1978,85.
[11]全国中草药汇编(上册)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1976:27.
[12]刘建文,贾伟.生物资源中活性物质的开发与利用.北京:化学工业出版社,2005,8:97
[13]刘娴芳.蓍草总酸药理作用的初步研究.中药通报,1985,10(5):44.
[14]华波,吕圭源,张园.杭白菊黄酮类化台物的心血管药理实验研究进展[J].中华实用中西医杂志,2006,19(15):1868-1869.
[15]朱大元.甘草化学成分的研究——异甘草黄酮醇及甘草香豆素的结构.中草药:1982,6:13-16.
[16]朱亮锋,陆碧瑶,罗友娇.艾蒿和蕲艾精油化学成分的研究[J].云南植物研究,1985,7(4):443.
[17]朴永哲,金鸣,藏宝霞.红花黄色素改善缺氧心肌能量代谢的研究[J].中草药,2003,34(5):225-436.
[18]何顺志,徐文芬.贵州中药资源种类、地理分布及开发利用现状.贵州科学, 2004,22(4):65.
[19]张兰桐,任雷鸣.中药现代化研究与发展战略.河北医科大学学报,2000,21:4.
[20]张影.金顶侧耳化学成分的研究.吉林农业大学硕士学位论文,2003,6:43.
[21]李文魁,李英和.瓜子金化学成分的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,1996,8(3):1-4.
[22]李观海.雪莲对大鼠实验性关节急性炎症的作用.药学学报,1980,15(6):368.
[23]李祖强,马国义.杯菊中的倍半萜内酯.高等学校化学学报,2006,5,27(5):859-862.
[24]李贵荣.野菊花多糖的提取及其对活性氧自由基的清除作用[J].中国公共卫生,2002.18(3):269-270.
[25]李淑媛.熊果甙镇咳作用的实验观察.遵义医学院学报,1980,3(3):77-78.
[26]李淑嫒.熊果甙镇咳作用的实验研究.药学通报,1982,17(12):16-18
[27]杜冠华.药物筛选新技术与中药现代化研究.世界科学技术,2000,4:48-59.
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