寄生于航管一次雷达中的气象检测系统
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摘要
全固态机场监视一次雷达的研制是为了适应国际和国内飞速发展的民用和军用航空业,改变国内航管一次雷达普遍依赖国外进口的局面。主要用于机场航空交通管制系统,而气象检测为航管一次雷达中的一项重要辅助功能。本论文主要研究了在航管一次雷达中的气象检测如何极大可能地利用本为他用的雷达体制和参数来完成飞行空域的气象状况检测,为机场引导飞机起飞和降落提供危险气象警报。
本文论述的寄生气象检测系统是一次雷达中的气象检测通道。该气象检测通道与目标探测通道共用发射机和天线,系统并没有从天线极化器的正交耦合器的射频输出端口提取气象回波,而是在接收通道放大后数字采样后,在信号处理中提取气象信息进行检测。接收输入动态范围为90dB,灵敏度达到-107dBm。接收机共计高、低波束两个通道,不分目标检测和气象检测,两者共用。接收机的每个通道都由高频放大器、中频放大、中频采样、数字正交器组成,另外还有DDS信号产生和频率激励源用来形成雷达发射机所需的S波段脉冲调制激励信号。接收通道中进行动态压缩处理,采用对数通道和STC控制。气象信号处理采取MTD滤波器完成在回波信号中剔除掉无用的虚假回波和干扰,脉压副瓣要求约为40dB。并完成气象幅度数据的提取,进行6个强度等级幅度分层。显示终端以6级点迹轮廓图的形式进行显示。
该气象检测系统在十四所研制的航管一次雷达中得到了应用,效果良好。
The primary surveilence radar of all solid transmitter is studied for the international and the civil aviation or the military aviation. It would change the situation that is most of the primary surveilence radar in the CHINA are imported. The function of weather detection is one important part of the primary surveilence radar. This article describes the function which how to accomplish weather detection in the airway under the condition of one radar system. The radar serves for plane starting and arriving, and provides alarm of dangerous weather.
This weather detection system is named of weather channel of the radar. The antenna and the transmitter of the radar are used for both of the weather channel and target channel. Weather signal is picked up by signal process after the echo signal is magnified in the receiver. The dynamic range of receiver is made sure 90dB and the sensitive of it is - 107dB. The receiver has two unique channels for high and low beam. Each of them is composed of high frequency amplifier, intermediate frequency amplifier and sampling, digital phase uprightness intersector, DDS and the S band signal inspirator for the transmitter. The receiver adopts dynamic range compressing, logarithm amplifing circuit and STC control. The MTD filters are applied in the digital wheather signal processing to delete false echo, jam and etc. The value of sidelobe of digital pluse compress is about -40dB. The channel performs detecting the intensity of weather signal and divides them into 6 grades. The teiminal displays weather map of 6-levels contours.
This system has been used in the primary radar reseached by the CETC 14th Research Institute.It has been proved successful.
本文论述的寄生气象检测系统是一次雷达中的气象检测通道。该气象检测通道与目标探测通道共用发射机和天线,系统并没有从天线极化器的正交耦合器的射频输出端口提取气象回波,而是在接收通道放大后数字采样后,在信号处理中提取气象信息进行检测。接收输入动态范围为90dB,灵敏度达到-107dBm。接收机共计高、低波束两个通道,不分目标检测和气象检测,两者共用。接收机的每个通道都由高频放大器、中频放大、中频采样、数字正交器组成,另外还有DDS信号产生和频率激励源用来形成雷达发射机所需的S波段脉冲调制激励信号。接收通道中进行动态压缩处理,采用对数通道和STC控制。气象信号处理采取MTD滤波器完成在回波信号中剔除掉无用的虚假回波和干扰,脉压副瓣要求约为40dB。并完成气象幅度数据的提取,进行6个强度等级幅度分层。显示终端以6级点迹轮廓图的形式进行显示。
该气象检测系统在十四所研制的航管一次雷达中得到了应用,效果良好。
The primary surveilence radar of all solid transmitter is studied for the international and the civil aviation or the military aviation. It would change the situation that is most of the primary surveilence radar in the CHINA are imported. The function of weather detection is one important part of the primary surveilence radar. This article describes the function which how to accomplish weather detection in the airway under the condition of one radar system. The radar serves for plane starting and arriving, and provides alarm of dangerous weather.
This weather detection system is named of weather channel of the radar. The antenna and the transmitter of the radar are used for both of the weather channel and target channel. Weather signal is picked up by signal process after the echo signal is magnified in the receiver. The dynamic range of receiver is made sure 90dB and the sensitive of it is - 107dB. The receiver has two unique channels for high and low beam. Each of them is composed of high frequency amplifier, intermediate frequency amplifier and sampling, digital phase uprightness intersector, DDS and the S band signal inspirator for the transmitter. The receiver adopts dynamic range compressing, logarithm amplifing circuit and STC control. The MTD filters are applied in the digital wheather signal processing to delete false echo, jam and etc. The value of sidelobe of digital pluse compress is about -40dB. The channel performs detecting the intensity of weather signal and divides them into 6 grades. The teiminal displays weather map of 6-levels contours.
This system has been used in the primary radar reseached by the CETC 14th Research Institute.It has been proved successful.
引文
[1]张辉.航管一次监视雷达中气象通道的设计.现代电子,2001(2):5-9.
[2]陈忠先,王景嗣.JY-21全固态航管一次监视雷达.现代电子,2002(3):10-16.
[3]安春雨,陈忠先.空管一次雷达的市场需求及发展.空中交通管理,2006(5):28-30.
[4]罗群,等总编.世界地面雷达手册.2005::781-782.
[5]Michael Martinean,E.L.Cole.Weather detection design issues for a solid state asr.IEEE International Radar Conference,1995:536-541.
[6]苏玲,等编译.雷神ASR.10SS设备手册(上册).2000.47-48,183-184.
[7]E.L.Cole,DeCesare,M.J.Martineau,等.ASR-12 A next generation solid state air traffic control radar.IEEE Radar Conference,1998:9-14.
[8]马振骅,陶善吕,葛润生,等.气象雷达同波信息原理.北京:科学出版社.1989:24-27.
[9]Merrill i.Skolnik.RADAR Handbook.Second Edition.2003:868-869.
[10]Merrill I.Skolnik.Introduction to RADAR Systems.Third Edition.2001:214-215.
[11]潘新民.数字化天气雷达定标方法探讨.雷达气象,1996(4):39-40.
[12]罗玉文,傅文斌,徐生求,等.圆极化雷达反气象干扰的机理分析.吉首大学学报:自然科学版,1999(3):57-60.
[13]魏敬义.多普勒大气雷达接收机的设计.现代雷达,1998(6):87-91.
[14]方立军,马骏.一种脉冲多普勒天气雷达接收机,现代雷达,2004(3):58-60.
[15]毛开洲.气象雷达用的的脉冲压缩技术.现代电子,1995(3).38-47.
[16]洪一,孙实泽,吴晓丽,等.脉冲多普勒气象雷达信号处理的参数讨论.现代电子,1996(4):17-26.
[17]金伟福,张承旺,孙秀忠,等.数字化713大气雷达定标及结果验证.山尔气象,2004(4):33-34.
[18]建平译,湘彭校.使刚机场监视雷达进行低空风切变探测.现代电子,1996(1):28-37.
[19]张辉.航管一次监视雷达--JY-21.现代电子,2000(3):14-20.
[20]同态机场监视雷达中的气象检测设计问题.现代电子,1995(3):14-20.
[21]姚振东.双DSP实现气象雷达信号处理.微处理机,2000(3):50-35.
[22]闫洪奇.气象雷达纵横谈.辽宁气象,1997(1):29-31.
[23]范晖.气象雷达终端三维图形软什设计.现代雷达,2002(3):31-35.
[24]徐阳春.气象雷达与雷达气象.宁夏科技,1996(3):43-44.
[25]王金础,郑吕璇,余松煜.基于TMS320C30 并行处理的气象雷达信号处理系统.数据采集与处理,1999(3):326-330.
[26]黄兴玉译,彭湘校.航空气象雷达.现代电子.1995(4):1-6.
[27]刘力,邓华秋.多参数雷达在气象观测中的应用.大气科学,1998(3):363-370.
[28]李太勇,游志胜,费向东,等.一次雷达气象数据处理研究.四川大学学报,2004(2):24-25
[29]张庆阳,张沅,李莉,等.大气探测技术发展概述.气象科技,2003(2):119-123.
[30]罗孟巨.浅析气象雷达同定同波现象.航空维修,2002(8):19-22.
[31]盛磊.S波段全固态气象雷达-Stormfinder 2000系统性能介绍.现代电子,1996(4).59-62.
[32]朱晓华,张华.基于TMS320C6701 的多酱勒气象雷达信号处理系统.电光与控制,2002(4):63-65.
[33]梁红玉,马旭林.浅谈现代电子技术在我国气象领域中的应用与发展.山两气象,2001(1):43-46
[34]David K.Barton.Radar System Analysis and Modeling.2004:121-124.
[35]G.Righard Curry.RADAR System Performance Modeling.2001:70-72.
[36]周红平,唐瑾,陈大鹏.一种相位编码算法在气象雷达中的应用.小型微型计算机系统,2006(12):2310-2313.
[37]树军,王伟健.一次雷达作刚距离的工程计算.民航科技,2003(6):11-12.
[38]邵竹生,许盛海.现代通信技术在气象雷达中的应用.雷达科学与技术,2003(3):143-146.
[39]李忱.X波段双基站多普勒天气雷达系统设计.现代雷达,2005(2):11-14.
[40]吴书君,蒋显红,张鹏.基于宽带网技术的气象数据传输系统.气象,2002(9):54-57.
[41]张晰莹,张礼宝,官福顺,等.天气雷达数字化终端及其应用软什.气象科技,2004(4):297-299.
[2]陈忠先,王景嗣.JY-21全固态航管一次监视雷达.现代电子,2002(3):10-16.
[3]安春雨,陈忠先.空管一次雷达的市场需求及发展.空中交通管理,2006(5):28-30.
[4]罗群,等总编.世界地面雷达手册.2005::781-782.
[5]Michael Martinean,E.L.Cole.Weather detection design issues for a solid state asr.IEEE International Radar Conference,1995:536-541.
[6]苏玲,等编译.雷神ASR.10SS设备手册(上册).2000.47-48,183-184.
[7]E.L.Cole,DeCesare,M.J.Martineau,等.ASR-12 A next generation solid state air traffic control radar.IEEE Radar Conference,1998:9-14.
[8]马振骅,陶善吕,葛润生,等.气象雷达同波信息原理.北京:科学出版社.1989:24-27.
[9]Merrill i.Skolnik.RADAR Handbook.Second Edition.2003:868-869.
[10]Merrill I.Skolnik.Introduction to RADAR Systems.Third Edition.2001:214-215.
[11]潘新民.数字化天气雷达定标方法探讨.雷达气象,1996(4):39-40.
[12]罗玉文,傅文斌,徐生求,等.圆极化雷达反气象干扰的机理分析.吉首大学学报:自然科学版,1999(3):57-60.
[13]魏敬义.多普勒大气雷达接收机的设计.现代雷达,1998(6):87-91.
[14]方立军,马骏.一种脉冲多普勒天气雷达接收机,现代雷达,2004(3):58-60.
[15]毛开洲.气象雷达用的的脉冲压缩技术.现代电子,1995(3).38-47.
[16]洪一,孙实泽,吴晓丽,等.脉冲多普勒气象雷达信号处理的参数讨论.现代电子,1996(4):17-26.
[17]金伟福,张承旺,孙秀忠,等.数字化713大气雷达定标及结果验证.山尔气象,2004(4):33-34.
[18]建平译,湘彭校.使刚机场监视雷达进行低空风切变探测.现代电子,1996(1):28-37.
[19]张辉.航管一次监视雷达--JY-21.现代电子,2000(3):14-20.
[20]同态机场监视雷达中的气象检测设计问题.现代电子,1995(3):14-20.
[21]姚振东.双DSP实现气象雷达信号处理.微处理机,2000(3):50-35.
[22]闫洪奇.气象雷达纵横谈.辽宁气象,1997(1):29-31.
[23]范晖.气象雷达终端三维图形软什设计.现代雷达,2002(3):31-35.
[24]徐阳春.气象雷达与雷达气象.宁夏科技,1996(3):43-44.
[25]王金础,郑吕璇,余松煜.基于TMS320C30 并行处理的气象雷达信号处理系统.数据采集与处理,1999(3):326-330.
[26]黄兴玉译,彭湘校.航空气象雷达.现代电子.1995(4):1-6.
[27]刘力,邓华秋.多参数雷达在气象观测中的应用.大气科学,1998(3):363-370.
[28]李太勇,游志胜,费向东,等.一次雷达气象数据处理研究.四川大学学报,2004(2):24-25
[29]张庆阳,张沅,李莉,等.大气探测技术发展概述.气象科技,2003(2):119-123.
[30]罗孟巨.浅析气象雷达同定同波现象.航空维修,2002(8):19-22.
[31]盛磊.S波段全固态气象雷达-Stormfinder 2000系统性能介绍.现代电子,1996(4).59-62.
[32]朱晓华,张华.基于TMS320C6701 的多酱勒气象雷达信号处理系统.电光与控制,2002(4):63-65.
[33]梁红玉,马旭林.浅谈现代电子技术在我国气象领域中的应用与发展.山两气象,2001(1):43-46
[34]David K.Barton.Radar System Analysis and Modeling.2004:121-124.
[35]G.Righard Curry.RADAR System Performance Modeling.2001:70-72.
[36]周红平,唐瑾,陈大鹏.一种相位编码算法在气象雷达中的应用.小型微型计算机系统,2006(12):2310-2313.
[37]树军,王伟健.一次雷达作刚距离的工程计算.民航科技,2003(6):11-12.
[38]邵竹生,许盛海.现代通信技术在气象雷达中的应用.雷达科学与技术,2003(3):143-146.
[39]李忱.X波段双基站多普勒天气雷达系统设计.现代雷达,2005(2):11-14.
[40]吴书君,蒋显红,张鹏.基于宽带网技术的气象数据传输系统.气象,2002(9):54-57.
[41]张晰莹,张礼宝,官福顺,等.天气雷达数字化终端及其应用软什.气象科技,2004(4):297-299.