高压电场对小麦及绿豆种子萌发的影响及其机理探讨
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摘要
随着改革开放的不断深入,我国的经济正在不断高速发展,但是在这背后很大程度上却是以牺牲环境为代价的,例如土地不断减少,温室气体排放过多等等。因此现阶段国家把节能减排,大力发展低碳经济提高到战略性的高度,并作为十二五规划的重要任务来完成。民以食为天,农作物的产量以及质量问题日益引起人们的重视。目前,种植粮食传统的生产方式是通过农药化肥来增加产量,但这势必对环境造成污染,增加危害人类健康的因素,那怎样才能既保护环境又能尽量多地提高粮食的产量呢?为了达到高产且环保的目的,应该是寻找作物生长的内在规律,根据作物本身的物理或物理化学规律,来控制作物生长和能量的合理利用。多年来,科学界已经有大量的关于增产的研究,且很多都已经应用于实际生产中,取得了可喜的进展,但还不能达到人们希望的要求,因此有必要对此通过多种科学手段进行多方面研究。本论文就是通过采用高压静电场作用于小麦和绿豆种子,研究电场对种子萌发的影响,并从电场对膜通透性影响的角度初步探讨了电场效应的机理。
本研究选取不同梯度电场作用于小麦和绿豆种子,电压分别为1 kV、3 kV、5 kV、7 kV、9 kV和对照组(电压为0 kV),共6个不同电压下实验组,每种种子在每个电压下有2盘样品,每盘内100粒种子,每天电场处理30 min,连续处理5d。结果表明:电场对种子的萌发有刺激作用,不同强度电场对种子萌发的影响不同,与对照组相比3 kV和5 kV电场对种子萌发有明显促进作用,小麦和绿豆实验均表明3 kV和5 kV实验组种子发芽数、种子鲜重明显高于对照组,且从小麦淀粉酶测定实验中得知,此两种电场下萌发小麦的淀粉酶含量最高。几个实验比较此两种电压作用效果最为明显。同时,利用平面类脂双层模型,从势垒贯穿角度讨论高压电场对细胞膜通透性的影响。高压电场使细胞膜跨膜电位发生改变,即势垒高度变化。由于隧道效应,势垒高度会影响离子穿过势垒的几率,当跨膜电位减小时透射率变大,反之变小。外加高压电场可以对细胞膜的通透性产生影响。
As of the reform, our economy is continuously developing, but behind this largely as at the expense of the environment, such as land is cut greenhouse gas emissions, too much, and so on. the current state of the energy reduction, low-carbon economic development of strategic, and as 12.5 the important task to finish. the people, embrace the crop yields and quality is an issue. At present, the traditional mode of production by the pesticides to increase output of chemical fertilizer, but the will of the environmental pollution and increase the danger to human health factors, how can we not only protect the environment and to try to improve the production of? to achieve high yields and environmental protection, it is for the crops along the inner laws of physics, according to the crops or physical chemistry, law, to control plant growth and energy use rationally. Over the years, the scientific community has a lot of the production of research, and many have application in practice, and made good progress, but i still can't reach the people want to claim, hence the need for this through a variety of scientific research on various means. this paper is used in a static electric field of wheat and mung seeds for seed germination research field of quantum mechanics and application for an electric field theory on the mechanism conducted initial discussions.
This research choose a different field gradient strength of the wheat seeds, and voltage and mung a kv, 3 and 5 kv kv, 7, 9 and the kv kv ( voltage 0 kv, ), the voltage six different groups, each of the voltage the seed of two samples of each dish plate 100 seeds in a field day with 30 min, after processing 5d. It shows that electric field for seed germination stimulating effect, with a strong electric field for seed germination influence, compared with 3 and 5 kv in the field for seed germination kv there is a distinct role, wheat and mung all demonstrate that experiment 3 and 5 kv experimental group seeds sprout, the seed is clearly higher than the weight, measure from the wheat and corn starch enzymes in the experiment, under two electric fields germination wheat starch enzymes the highest level. A few experiments on electricity under the two most obvious. Using plane class fat double-decked model, from potential barrier penetration angle discussion high pressure electric field to cell membrane permeability influence. The high-pressured electric field causes the cell membrane cross membrane potential to have the change, namely barrier height change. As a result of the tunnel effect, the barrier height will affect the ion to pass through the potential barrier the probability, when the cross membrane potential will reduce transmittance fill-out, will otherwise change is small. The sur- high-pressured electric field may have the influence to the cell membrane permeability.
本研究选取不同梯度电场作用于小麦和绿豆种子,电压分别为1 kV、3 kV、5 kV、7 kV、9 kV和对照组(电压为0 kV),共6个不同电压下实验组,每种种子在每个电压下有2盘样品,每盘内100粒种子,每天电场处理30 min,连续处理5d。结果表明:电场对种子的萌发有刺激作用,不同强度电场对种子萌发的影响不同,与对照组相比3 kV和5 kV电场对种子萌发有明显促进作用,小麦和绿豆实验均表明3 kV和5 kV实验组种子发芽数、种子鲜重明显高于对照组,且从小麦淀粉酶测定实验中得知,此两种电场下萌发小麦的淀粉酶含量最高。几个实验比较此两种电压作用效果最为明显。同时,利用平面类脂双层模型,从势垒贯穿角度讨论高压电场对细胞膜通透性的影响。高压电场使细胞膜跨膜电位发生改变,即势垒高度变化。由于隧道效应,势垒高度会影响离子穿过势垒的几率,当跨膜电位减小时透射率变大,反之变小。外加高压电场可以对细胞膜的通透性产生影响。
As of the reform, our economy is continuously developing, but behind this largely as at the expense of the environment, such as land is cut greenhouse gas emissions, too much, and so on. the current state of the energy reduction, low-carbon economic development of strategic, and as 12.5 the important task to finish. the people, embrace the crop yields and quality is an issue. At present, the traditional mode of production by the pesticides to increase output of chemical fertilizer, but the will of the environmental pollution and increase the danger to human health factors, how can we not only protect the environment and to try to improve the production of? to achieve high yields and environmental protection, it is for the crops along the inner laws of physics, according to the crops or physical chemistry, law, to control plant growth and energy use rationally. Over the years, the scientific community has a lot of the production of research, and many have application in practice, and made good progress, but i still can't reach the people want to claim, hence the need for this through a variety of scientific research on various means. this paper is used in a static electric field of wheat and mung seeds for seed germination research field of quantum mechanics and application for an electric field theory on the mechanism conducted initial discussions.
This research choose a different field gradient strength of the wheat seeds, and voltage and mung a kv, 3 and 5 kv kv, 7, 9 and the kv kv ( voltage 0 kv, ), the voltage six different groups, each of the voltage the seed of two samples of each dish plate 100 seeds in a field day with 30 min, after processing 5d. It shows that electric field for seed germination stimulating effect, with a strong electric field for seed germination influence, compared with 3 and 5 kv in the field for seed germination kv there is a distinct role, wheat and mung all demonstrate that experiment 3 and 5 kv experimental group seeds sprout, the seed is clearly higher than the weight, measure from the wheat and corn starch enzymes in the experiment, under two electric fields germination wheat starch enzymes the highest level. A few experiments on electricity under the two most obvious. Using plane class fat double-decked model, from potential barrier penetration angle discussion high pressure electric field to cell membrane permeability influence. The high-pressured electric field causes the cell membrane cross membrane potential to have the change, namely barrier height change. As a result of the tunnel effect, the barrier height will affect the ion to pass through the potential barrier the probability, when the cross membrane potential will reduce transmittance fill-out, will otherwise change is small. The sur- high-pressured electric field may have the influence to the cell membrane permeability.
引文
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[2]严羚玮.高压芒刺电场对人肝癌细胞生理活动的影响[D]: [硕士学位论文].长春:东北师范大学物理学院,2005.
[3]邓爱文,袁雪光,魏东.高压交变电磁场对脑卒中康复的影响[J].第一军医大学学报,2004,(8):946-949,952.
[4]张红锋,陈树德,张利华.低频脉冲电场对真皮成纤维细胞细胞周期的影响[J].动物学专辑—上海市动物学会1997年论文集,1997,17(6):53-58.
[5]王晓俊.高压芒刺静电场及其配合化疗药物对Hela细胞生长的影响[D]:[硕士学位论文].长春:东北师范大学物理学院,2005.
[6]高伟娜,顾晓青,乔晓岚,等.高压静电场对老化水稻种子活力的影响[J].西北农业学报,2007,16(2):37-40.
[7]高雪红,吴俊林,陈怀军,等.高压静电场预处理黄豆对其幼芽生物成分的影响[J].陕西师范大学学报,2008,36(3): 35-39.
[8]李新建.高压静电场对油菜种子萌发影响的研究[J].食品科技.2007, (12):68-69.
[9]徐建萍,白亚乡,迟建卫,等.应用高压电场干燥芸豆角的试验研究[J].农机化研究,2008,(7):155-157.
[10]宛文鹏,李淑娟,唐建军,等.高压静电场对水曲柳花粉生命力的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2007,35(3):13-14.
[11]阿继凯,李惠山,董汇泽.高压静电场对大黄种子萌发能力的影响[J].青海农林科技,2008,(4):42.
[12]孙贵宝.高压静电场处理黄冠梨的贮藏保鲜试验[J].农机化研究,2009,(8):166-167,220.
[13]张宇锋,王黎,侯新朴.膜上相互作用对平板双分子层脂膜电性质的影响[J].生物物理学报.2000,16(4):694-700.
[14]左明雪.细胞静息膜电位的产生和维持[J].生物学通报, 2006,41(4):1-2.
[15]左明雪.细胞静息膜电位的测量[J].生物学通报, 2006,41(5):7.
[16]谢菊芳,易伟松,熊刚,等.高压静电场对植物细胞跨膜电位的影响及机理初探[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版), 2002,24(3):235-237.
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