基于USB的光传操纵系统开发
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摘要
随着航空电子系统任务量的日益庞大,飞控系统中传递着大量的实时控制信息,这对传输速率提出更高的要求。本文以提高光传操纵系统的传输速率为目的,开创性地提出了分布式USB光传操纵系统的设计思想,开发成功基于USB总线的光传操纵系统原型样机,并进行了相关地面物理仿真验证。同时研究了基于PCI总线的双通道全双工光通信系统硬件部分的开发。
本文首先阐述了USB系统的组成特性,对USB的电气特性进行了讨论,探讨了构建USB光传操纵系统的可行性方案。在此基础上,利用USB接口并结合波分复用技术实现了多通道光通信系统,可在单根光纤中同时传输三路数字信号,单路传输速率最高达3Mbps,实现了光传操纵信号的Mbps级以上的稳定传输。
其次,为了满足光传操纵系统中的点对点传输的需要,本文开发了基于USB接口的点-点链路光通信系统。该系统可以实现传输速率同样高达3Mbps的高可靠的数据传输,从而为飞控系统构建点对点光通信网络提供了解决方案。
第三,为了验证本文所提出的USB光传操纵技术方案的正确性及所开发的光接口器件的可行性,开发了USB人工着舰光传推力控制系统仿真验证平台。这套平台验证了USB波分复用光通信系统和USB点-点链路光通信系统在技术上是可行的。
最后,为了满足高速航空电子对中高速数据传输速率的要求,本文提出了基于PCI总线的中高速光通信系统的实现方案,合作开发了一套基于PCI总线的双通道全双工光通信系统。该系统采用了现今流行的大规模可编程逻辑器件FPGA作为控制器,从而并行控制多个光通信接口的收发。本文侧重于该系统的硬件部分开发,重点论述大规模可编程逻辑器件FPGA的设计。
To satisfy the requirements of Fly-by-Light control system on the communication speed, this thesis discussed the innovative idea of the distributed Fly-by-Light system based on USB, and researched on key technologies of Fly-by-Light technology based on USB, and developed successfully the Fly-by-Light prototype based on USB, which was demonstrated by semi-substantial simulation. This thesis also researched on key hardware technologies of Fly-by-Light system based on PCI, which had two bir-direction optic channels.
Firstly, the framework and electric characteristics of USB system were described in this paper. Based on that, remarkable success was obtained in works on multi-channel optical communication system, in which the WDM technology was utilized. This system allows the transferring of three channel signals simultaneously through one fiber, in which each channel works at the speed of 3Mbps.
Secondly, to satisfy the point-to-point communications of Fly-by-Light control system, the Fly-by-Light prototype based on USB was designed, in which single-channel also works at the speed of 3Mbps.
Thirdly, the optical assistant landing simulation system based on manual control was developed to demonstrate the USB optical interface components this paper designed.
Last, Fly-by-Light control system based on PCI was designed in this thesis to satisfy high-speed communication. This system has two bir-directional optic channels to achieve bir-directional transfers and uses FPGA as transmission controller. This paper mainly designed the hardware part and stressed FPGA designs.
本文首先阐述了USB系统的组成特性,对USB的电气特性进行了讨论,探讨了构建USB光传操纵系统的可行性方案。在此基础上,利用USB接口并结合波分复用技术实现了多通道光通信系统,可在单根光纤中同时传输三路数字信号,单路传输速率最高达3Mbps,实现了光传操纵信号的Mbps级以上的稳定传输。
其次,为了满足光传操纵系统中的点对点传输的需要,本文开发了基于USB接口的点-点链路光通信系统。该系统可以实现传输速率同样高达3Mbps的高可靠的数据传输,从而为飞控系统构建点对点光通信网络提供了解决方案。
第三,为了验证本文所提出的USB光传操纵技术方案的正确性及所开发的光接口器件的可行性,开发了USB人工着舰光传推力控制系统仿真验证平台。这套平台验证了USB波分复用光通信系统和USB点-点链路光通信系统在技术上是可行的。
最后,为了满足高速航空电子对中高速数据传输速率的要求,本文提出了基于PCI总线的中高速光通信系统的实现方案,合作开发了一套基于PCI总线的双通道全双工光通信系统。该系统采用了现今流行的大规模可编程逻辑器件FPGA作为控制器,从而并行控制多个光通信接口的收发。本文侧重于该系统的硬件部分开发,重点论述大规模可编程逻辑器件FPGA的设计。
To satisfy the requirements of Fly-by-Light control system on the communication speed, this thesis discussed the innovative idea of the distributed Fly-by-Light system based on USB, and researched on key technologies of Fly-by-Light technology based on USB, and developed successfully the Fly-by-Light prototype based on USB, which was demonstrated by semi-substantial simulation. This thesis also researched on key hardware technologies of Fly-by-Light system based on PCI, which had two bir-direction optic channels.
Firstly, the framework and electric characteristics of USB system were described in this paper. Based on that, remarkable success was obtained in works on multi-channel optical communication system, in which the WDM technology was utilized. This system allows the transferring of three channel signals simultaneously through one fiber, in which each channel works at the speed of 3Mbps.
Secondly, to satisfy the point-to-point communications of Fly-by-Light control system, the Fly-by-Light prototype based on USB was designed, in which single-channel also works at the speed of 3Mbps.
Thirdly, the optical assistant landing simulation system based on manual control was developed to demonstrate the USB optical interface components this paper designed.
Last, Fly-by-Light control system based on PCI was designed in this thesis to satisfy high-speed communication. This system has two bir-directional optic channels to achieve bir-directional transfers and uses FPGA as transmission controller. This paper mainly designed the hardware part and stressed FPGA designs.
引文
[1] John R.Todd,Fly-by-Light Flight Control System Developments for Transport Aircraft,SPIE,1996,Vol.2840:71~76
[2] 杨一栋,光传飞行控制,北京,国防工业出版社,2006:1~34
[3] Don Halski,Fly-by-Light Flight Control System,SPIE,1995,Vol.2467:34~45
[4] Thomas L,Weaver,Daniel W.seal,The Fiber Optics Control System Integration Program for Optics Control System Development,SPIE,1994,Vol.2295:52~58
[5] 钱锋,EZ-USB FX2 单片机原理、编程及应用,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006:1~4
[6] MindShare,Don Anderson,Dave Dzatko,Universal Serial Bus System Architecture,Addison Wesley,America,2003:253~258
[7] 顾海洲,马双武,PCB 电磁兼容技术-设计实践,北京,清华大学出版社,2004:39~61
[8] D.Varshneya,W.L.Glomb,Fiber Optic Sensor System Readiness for Aircraft,SPIE,1989,Vol.1173:114~120
[9] 李晗,陈平,吴太虎,利用 USB/UART 桥接芯片进行 USB 接口设计,医疗卫生装备,2005,26(3):14~15
[10] Martin Rochette,Martin Guy,Jocelyn Lauzon,etal. High-performance Optical Amplifier for WDM Communication Systems,SPIE,1998,Vol.3491:611~616
[11] 张树坤,光传操纵系统数据总线及可视化仿真技术研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2006
[12] 杨英杰,光纤通信技术,广州,华南理工大学大学出版社,2004:7~280
[13] 龚华军,光传飞控系统实现技术研究,[博士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,1999
[14] 黄智锋,波分复用光传飞行控制系统设计,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2005
[15] FTDI Integrated Products,FT232R USB UART IC,DataSheet,Revision 1.04,2005
[16] FTDI Integrated Products,Configuring FT232R、FT2232C and FT232BM Baud Rates,Application Notes,AN232B-05,2006
[17] TOSHIBA Integrated Products,Photocoupler 6N137,DataSheet,1998
[18] Maxim Integrated Products,High-Speed、Low-Power Voltage Comparators,DataSheet 19-2887,2005
[19] Maxim Integrated Products,Single +5V、Fully Integrated 155Mbps Laser Diode Driver,MAX3263 DataSheet 19-0432,1998
[20] 谷树忠, 闫胜利, Protel DXP 实用教程——原理图与 PCB 设计, 北京, 电子工业出版社, 2003:53~205
[21] FTDI Integrated Products,MProg Manual,Application Notes,2005
[22] Agilent Technologies,Agilent HFBR-0400,HFBR-14xx and HFBR-24xx Series Low Cost Miniature Fiber Optic Components,1999
[23] National Semiconductor Integrated Products,DS75451/2/3 Series Dual Peripheral Drivers,DataSheet,2000
[24] 蓝洋,飞行器返航导引技术研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2005
[25] 谭思亮,邹超群,Visual C++ 串口通信工程开发实例导航,北京,人民邮电出版社,2003:14~72
[26] 李贵山,陈金鹏,PCI 局部总线及其应用,西安,西安电子科技大学出版社,2003:1~6
[27] 王道宪,CPLD/FPGA 可编程逻辑器件应用与开发,北京,国防工业出版社,2004:25~34
[28] 胡振华,VHDL 与 FPGA 设计,北京,中国铁道出版社,2003:1~16
[29] 王锁萍,电子设计自动化(EDA)教程,成都,电子科技大学出版社,2000:1~10
[30] 王诚,Altera FPGA/CPLD 设计,北京,人民邮电出版社,2005:1~100
[31] PLX Technology Integrated Products,PCI9054 Data Book,DataSheet Version 2.1,2000
[32] 杨宾,王斌,光通信 PCI 卡及其设备驱动程序开发,电子技术,2004,6:39~41
[33] 张益东,基于 PCI 总线的光传飞行控制系统研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2007
[34] 王新华,分布式三余度光传综合火力/飞行控制系统研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2003
[35] 武安河,邰铭,于洪涛,WDM 设备驱动程序开发,北京,电子工业出版社,2003:75~108
[36] B&B Electronics,RS-422 and RS-485 Application Note, 1997
[37] 王钿,卓兴旺,基于 Verilog HDL 的数字系统应用设计,北京,国防工业出版社,2006:56~114
[2] 杨一栋,光传飞行控制,北京,国防工业出版社,2006:1~34
[3] Don Halski,Fly-by-Light Flight Control System,SPIE,1995,Vol.2467:34~45
[4] Thomas L,Weaver,Daniel W.seal,The Fiber Optics Control System Integration Program for Optics Control System Development,SPIE,1994,Vol.2295:52~58
[5] 钱锋,EZ-USB FX2 单片机原理、编程及应用,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006:1~4
[6] MindShare,Don Anderson,Dave Dzatko,Universal Serial Bus System Architecture,Addison Wesley,America,2003:253~258
[7] 顾海洲,马双武,PCB 电磁兼容技术-设计实践,北京,清华大学出版社,2004:39~61
[8] D.Varshneya,W.L.Glomb,Fiber Optic Sensor System Readiness for Aircraft,SPIE,1989,Vol.1173:114~120
[9] 李晗,陈平,吴太虎,利用 USB/UART 桥接芯片进行 USB 接口设计,医疗卫生装备,2005,26(3):14~15
[10] Martin Rochette,Martin Guy,Jocelyn Lauzon,etal. High-performance Optical Amplifier for WDM Communication Systems,SPIE,1998,Vol.3491:611~616
[11] 张树坤,光传操纵系统数据总线及可视化仿真技术研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2006
[12] 杨英杰,光纤通信技术,广州,华南理工大学大学出版社,2004:7~280
[13] 龚华军,光传飞控系统实现技术研究,[博士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,1999
[14] 黄智锋,波分复用光传飞行控制系统设计,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2005
[15] FTDI Integrated Products,FT232R USB UART IC,DataSheet,Revision 1.04,2005
[16] FTDI Integrated Products,Configuring FT232R、FT2232C and FT232BM Baud Rates,Application Notes,AN232B-05,2006
[17] TOSHIBA Integrated Products,Photocoupler 6N137,DataSheet,1998
[18] Maxim Integrated Products,High-Speed、Low-Power Voltage Comparators,DataSheet 19-2887,2005
[19] Maxim Integrated Products,Single +5V、Fully Integrated 155Mbps Laser Diode Driver,MAX3263 DataSheet 19-0432,1998
[20] 谷树忠, 闫胜利, Protel DXP 实用教程——原理图与 PCB 设计, 北京, 电子工业出版社, 2003:53~205
[21] FTDI Integrated Products,MProg Manual,Application Notes,2005
[22] Agilent Technologies,Agilent HFBR-0400,HFBR-14xx and HFBR-24xx Series Low Cost Miniature Fiber Optic Components,1999
[23] National Semiconductor Integrated Products,DS75451/2/3 Series Dual Peripheral Drivers,DataSheet,2000
[24] 蓝洋,飞行器返航导引技术研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2005
[25] 谭思亮,邹超群,Visual C++ 串口通信工程开发实例导航,北京,人民邮电出版社,2003:14~72
[26] 李贵山,陈金鹏,PCI 局部总线及其应用,西安,西安电子科技大学出版社,2003:1~6
[27] 王道宪,CPLD/FPGA 可编程逻辑器件应用与开发,北京,国防工业出版社,2004:25~34
[28] 胡振华,VHDL 与 FPGA 设计,北京,中国铁道出版社,2003:1~16
[29] 王锁萍,电子设计自动化(EDA)教程,成都,电子科技大学出版社,2000:1~10
[30] 王诚,Altera FPGA/CPLD 设计,北京,人民邮电出版社,2005:1~100
[31] PLX Technology Integrated Products,PCI9054 Data Book,DataSheet Version 2.1,2000
[32] 杨宾,王斌,光通信 PCI 卡及其设备驱动程序开发,电子技术,2004,6:39~41
[33] 张益东,基于 PCI 总线的光传飞行控制系统研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2007
[34] 王新华,分布式三余度光传综合火力/飞行控制系统研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2003
[35] 武安河,邰铭,于洪涛,WDM 设备驱动程序开发,北京,电子工业出版社,2003:75~108
[36] B&B Electronics,RS-422 and RS-485 Application Note, 1997
[37] 王钿,卓兴旺,基于 Verilog HDL 的数字系统应用设计,北京,国防工业出版社,2006:56~114