惠民凹陷西部古近系沙三段物源特征与沉积体系分布研究
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摘要
惠民凹陷西部地区主要包括临南洼陷及其周缘地区，具备有利的油气成藏条件，已发现一批以构造油气藏为主的油气田。本文以沙三段沉积地层为主要目的层系，运用层序地层学、沉积学、石油地质学等理论和方法，对惠民凹陷西部的层序地层、物源体系、砂体成因及分布开展系统性研究，为研究区的隐蔽性油气藏的勘探提供指导。
在综合分析地震、钻井、测井等资料的基础上，惠民凹陷沙三、沙四段可划分出6个三级层序，其中沙四下为层序1、沙四上(顶部的灰色砂岩段和下部的红色层)为层序2、沙三下(相当于盘河砂体和厚长页岩段)为层序3、沙三中(上下油页岩沉积)为层序4、沙三上的下部为层序5、沙三上的上部-沙二下沉积为层序6。且认为惠民凹陷沙三段与沙四段的分界线位于盘河砂体的顶部合理，区域上也具有良好的对比性。
惠民凹陷沙三段沉积时期存在南部和北部两大物源体系。在惠民凹陷的西部地区北部物源体系主要来自陵县凸起，物源方向主要为东西向、北北西向，控制了盘河砂体、临邑砂体、商河砂体、基山砂体。南部物源体系在惠民凹陷西部地区主要来自鲁西隆起，控制了南部的双丰砂体、江家店砂体、瓦屋砂体等。
通过惠民凹陷主要探井的岩芯观察、描述以及相关的测试分析，系统总结了惠民凹陷沙三段沉积地层的相标志特征。认为沙三段沉积时期主要发育了扇三角洲、三角洲、滑塌浊积扇、风暴、滩坝等沉积体系，其中河流三角洲可进一步分为辫状河(或短河流)三角洲、曲流河(或长河流)三角洲，曲流河三角洲又可分为浅水型三角洲、前缘斜坡的深水型三角洲和前缘变陡的深水型三角洲。在编制砂岩百分含量、地层厚度、砂岩厚度等定量图件的基础上，分别研究了沙三下、沙三中、沙三上亚段的沉积体系分布图。沙三段沉积时期南部主要发育了辫状河三角洲和曲流河三角洲，西北部地区发育了曲流河三角洲，中部地区主要为深湖—半深湖沉积，由沙三下至沙三上，西北部三角洲规模逐渐增大，沉积范围逐渐向东、向东南方向推进。
惠民凹陷沙河街组沉积地层中岩性圈闭以滑塌浊积岩岩性圈闭和地层侧向尖灭型岩性圈闭为主，岩性圈闭的形成和分布主要盆地结构特征、沉积古地貌特征和构造活动强度等因素控制。
The western Huimin depression including linnan sag and its adjacent areas have advantageous conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation. Up to now, many oil and gas fields have been discovered, the main petroleum pools of which are structural petroleum pools. The sequence stratigraphy, provenance system, and the genesis and distribution of sand bodies of the third member of the Shahejie formation(Es3) in the western Huimin depression were systematically studied by application of the theories and methods of sequence stratigraphy, sedimeatology, and petroleum geology. The study promoted the exploration of subtle pools in the western Huimin depression.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of seismic, well drilling and logging data, the third member and fourth member of Shahejie formation(Es3 and Es4) in Huimin depression can be divided into six the third order sequences. The lower part of Es4 is sequence 1, the upper part of Es4 is sequence 2, the lower part of Es3 is sequence 3, the middle part of Es3 is sequence 4, the underneath of the upper part of Es3 is sequence 5, and the topping of the upper part of Es3 and the lower part of the second member of Shahejie formation is sequence 6. It is more reasonable that the boundary of Es3 and Es4 in Huimin depression lies in the top of Panne sand bodies.
Both the southern and northern provenance systems in Huimin depression existed during the depositional period of Es3. The northern provenance system in the western Huimin depression mainly comes from Lingxian uplift and the provenance directions include east-west-trending and north-north-west-trending. The northern provenance system controls the Panhe, Linyi, Shanghe, and Jishan sand bodies. The southern provenance system in the western Huimin depression mainly comes from Luxi uplife and controls the Shuangfeng, Jiangjiadian, and Wawu sand bodies, and so on.
On the basis of core observation and correlative test analysis, the facies indicators of Es3 in Huimin depression was systematically summarized. The fan delta, delta, slump turbidite fan, storm deposits, and beach and bar were mainly developed during the depositional period of Es3 in Huimin depression. The fluvial-delta can be divided into braided river delta and meandering river delta. The meandering river delta also can be divided into shallow water delta and deep water delta. According to sand content chorisopleth, and the distribution of sand thickness and stratigraphic thickness, the distribution of the sedimentary system of the lower, middle, and upper part of Es3 was studied. The south mainly developed braided river delta and meandering river delta, the northwestward developed meandering river delta, and the middle part developed deep-semideep lake facies during depositional period of Es3 in the western Huimin depression, the scale of northwest delta gradually increased, and sedimentary area gradually advanced forward the east and southeast direction.
The fluxoturbidite lithologic trap and stratum lateral pinchout lithologic trap are the main lithologic traps in the Shahejie formation in Huimin depression. The formation and distribution of lithologic trap are mainly controlled by basin structural characteristics, palaeogeomorphology characteristics and the intensity of multiphase tectonic activity.
在综合分析地震、钻井、测井等资料的基础上，惠民凹陷沙三、沙四段可划分出6个三级层序，其中沙四下为层序1、沙四上(顶部的灰色砂岩段和下部的红色层)为层序2、沙三下(相当于盘河砂体和厚长页岩段)为层序3、沙三中(上下油页岩沉积)为层序4、沙三上的下部为层序5、沙三上的上部-沙二下沉积为层序6。且认为惠民凹陷沙三段与沙四段的分界线位于盘河砂体的顶部合理，区域上也具有良好的对比性。
惠民凹陷沙三段沉积时期存在南部和北部两大物源体系。在惠民凹陷的西部地区北部物源体系主要来自陵县凸起，物源方向主要为东西向、北北西向，控制了盘河砂体、临邑砂体、商河砂体、基山砂体。南部物源体系在惠民凹陷西部地区主要来自鲁西隆起，控制了南部的双丰砂体、江家店砂体、瓦屋砂体等。
通过惠民凹陷主要探井的岩芯观察、描述以及相关的测试分析，系统总结了惠民凹陷沙三段沉积地层的相标志特征。认为沙三段沉积时期主要发育了扇三角洲、三角洲、滑塌浊积扇、风暴、滩坝等沉积体系，其中河流三角洲可进一步分为辫状河(或短河流)三角洲、曲流河(或长河流)三角洲，曲流河三角洲又可分为浅水型三角洲、前缘斜坡的深水型三角洲和前缘变陡的深水型三角洲。在编制砂岩百分含量、地层厚度、砂岩厚度等定量图件的基础上，分别研究了沙三下、沙三中、沙三上亚段的沉积体系分布图。沙三段沉积时期南部主要发育了辫状河三角洲和曲流河三角洲，西北部地区发育了曲流河三角洲，中部地区主要为深湖—半深湖沉积，由沙三下至沙三上，西北部三角洲规模逐渐增大，沉积范围逐渐向东、向东南方向推进。
惠民凹陷沙河街组沉积地层中岩性圈闭以滑塌浊积岩岩性圈闭和地层侧向尖灭型岩性圈闭为主，岩性圈闭的形成和分布主要盆地结构特征、沉积古地貌特征和构造活动强度等因素控制。
The western Huimin depression including linnan sag and its adjacent areas have advantageous conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation. Up to now, many oil and gas fields have been discovered, the main petroleum pools of which are structural petroleum pools. The sequence stratigraphy, provenance system, and the genesis and distribution of sand bodies of the third member of the Shahejie formation(Es3) in the western Huimin depression were systematically studied by application of the theories and methods of sequence stratigraphy, sedimeatology, and petroleum geology. The study promoted the exploration of subtle pools in the western Huimin depression.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of seismic, well drilling and logging data, the third member and fourth member of Shahejie formation(Es3 and Es4) in Huimin depression can be divided into six the third order sequences. The lower part of Es4 is sequence 1, the upper part of Es4 is sequence 2, the lower part of Es3 is sequence 3, the middle part of Es3 is sequence 4, the underneath of the upper part of Es3 is sequence 5, and the topping of the upper part of Es3 and the lower part of the second member of Shahejie formation is sequence 6. It is more reasonable that the boundary of Es3 and Es4 in Huimin depression lies in the top of Panne sand bodies.
Both the southern and northern provenance systems in Huimin depression existed during the depositional period of Es3. The northern provenance system in the western Huimin depression mainly comes from Lingxian uplift and the provenance directions include east-west-trending and north-north-west-trending. The northern provenance system controls the Panhe, Linyi, Shanghe, and Jishan sand bodies. The southern provenance system in the western Huimin depression mainly comes from Luxi uplife and controls the Shuangfeng, Jiangjiadian, and Wawu sand bodies, and so on.
On the basis of core observation and correlative test analysis, the facies indicators of Es3 in Huimin depression was systematically summarized. The fan delta, delta, slump turbidite fan, storm deposits, and beach and bar were mainly developed during the depositional period of Es3 in Huimin depression. The fluvial-delta can be divided into braided river delta and meandering river delta. The meandering river delta also can be divided into shallow water delta and deep water delta. According to sand content chorisopleth, and the distribution of sand thickness and stratigraphic thickness, the distribution of the sedimentary system of the lower, middle, and upper part of Es3 was studied. The south mainly developed braided river delta and meandering river delta, the northwestward developed meandering river delta, and the middle part developed deep-semideep lake facies during depositional period of Es3 in the western Huimin depression, the scale of northwest delta gradually increased, and sedimentary area gradually advanced forward the east and southeast direction.
The fluxoturbidite lithologic trap and stratum lateral pinchout lithologic trap are the main lithologic traps in the Shahejie formation in Huimin depression. The formation and distribution of lithologic trap are mainly controlled by basin structural characteristics, palaeogeomorphology characteristics and the intensity of multiphase tectonic activity.
引文
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2 操应长．2000．断陷湖盆层序地层中下降体系域的划分．石油大学学报，24(1)：22～25．
3 池英柳．1996a．可容空间概念在陆相断陷盆地层序分析中的应用．沉积学报，16(4)：7～11．
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