地铁振动在土层中的传播特性研究
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摘要
地铁作为一种城市交通方式,其优势显而易见。近年来,我国地铁运输系统迅猛发展。但是,随着地铁建设的大力发展,一些负面影响也同时产生。其中,地铁运行诱发的振动对环境的影响问题尤为显著。在运营过程中会产生严重的振动和噪声,并诱发沿线临近建筑物的振动和二次结构噪声,这对人们生活学习产生了一定的影响,地铁振动已成为一种振动公害。
本文在对国内外相关研究内容进行分析的基础上,分析并研究了地铁运行诱发邻近建筑物的振动特性和规律,并且对地铁荷载引起的环境振动的研究现状进行了总结与研究。然后借鉴国内外相关研究成果,以分析地铁诱发土层振动特性为目的,对地铁运行时土层-隧道进行了建模和分析。得出地铁运行诱发沿线基础土层振动的特性与规律.论文中还阐述了数值模拟过程中一系列的理论知识和解决方法,包括方程的建立,算法的了解,单元的选取,土体边界的模拟,阻尼的确定等,为文中的的数值模拟打下基础。
本文采用有限元计算软件ANSYS,建立了二维土—隧道模型,分析了多种工况下(不同土层材料密度特性情况下)的动力响应,得到了地铁轨道交通运营诱发的地层及地表的不同振动特点,可为地铁运营诱发的环境振动以及地面建筑的防振减振控制提供参考。并且以北京地铁5号线的隧道尺寸和土质特性为研究背景,分析采用不同断面结构时(矩形隧道、圆形隧道)的不同的振动特点。用有限元软件对圆形隧道和矩形隧道在相同荷载作用下的动力响应进行计算。并将这两种断面的有限元计算结果进行比较和分析,为以后的工程设计提供依据。
Subway transportation system,one of main city traffic methods,has many obvious advantages. In resent years, subway transportation systems have been developed rapidly in China.However,with the development of subway construction, some negative effects also appear.One of the serious problems is the impact of vibration induced by subway train to environment. Subway is a kind of powerful and rapid traffic way in big city and very effective to alleviate the traffic pressure.but subway can produce serious vibration and noise in its operation ,and bring out sub-structural noise and vibration of building along the line .this is a kind of serious pollution to urban environment,and sometimes affects the people's working and living condition neaeby. This vibration is called a social effects of pollution and should be controlled.
Based on interpretation and analysis of home and foreign relevant research,for the purpose of reducing the vibration of adjacent buildings induced by subway,the characteristics of buildings vibration induced by subway are studied.Based on the research work before, firstly, The research results and situations about environmental vibration indueed by loads on subways at home and abroad have been summarized.Then,based on the relevant research production,we analyze the characteristics of adjacent buildings vibration induced by subway.A series of theoretieal knowledge and resolving methods in the process of numeric simulation has been represented,including the establishment of the function,the comprehension of the arithmetic,the choice of the elements,the modeling of the soil's boundary, the confirm of the dam Pete. This work offers a concrete basic for the following chapters.
Using the Finite-element software ANSYS,two dimensions soil-tunnel model is established, and the dynamic response are analyzed in situation.At last,the characteristic of subway vibration is concluded,which could be used for for reference in vibration control and buffer design of the ground structure.Most importantly,by using the Tunnel Size soil and characteristics of Beijing subway line 5. two-dimensional dynamic finite element model has been derived in the circular tunnel and the rectangular tunnel. we also compare and analysis the two models which can be used in tunnel engineering design.
本文在对国内外相关研究内容进行分析的基础上,分析并研究了地铁运行诱发邻近建筑物的振动特性和规律,并且对地铁荷载引起的环境振动的研究现状进行了总结与研究。然后借鉴国内外相关研究成果,以分析地铁诱发土层振动特性为目的,对地铁运行时土层-隧道进行了建模和分析。得出地铁运行诱发沿线基础土层振动的特性与规律.论文中还阐述了数值模拟过程中一系列的理论知识和解决方法,包括方程的建立,算法的了解,单元的选取,土体边界的模拟,阻尼的确定等,为文中的的数值模拟打下基础。
本文采用有限元计算软件ANSYS,建立了二维土—隧道模型,分析了多种工况下(不同土层材料密度特性情况下)的动力响应,得到了地铁轨道交通运营诱发的地层及地表的不同振动特点,可为地铁运营诱发的环境振动以及地面建筑的防振减振控制提供参考。并且以北京地铁5号线的隧道尺寸和土质特性为研究背景,分析采用不同断面结构时(矩形隧道、圆形隧道)的不同的振动特点。用有限元软件对圆形隧道和矩形隧道在相同荷载作用下的动力响应进行计算。并将这两种断面的有限元计算结果进行比较和分析,为以后的工程设计提供依据。
Subway transportation system,one of main city traffic methods,has many obvious advantages. In resent years, subway transportation systems have been developed rapidly in China.However,with the development of subway construction, some negative effects also appear.One of the serious problems is the impact of vibration induced by subway train to environment. Subway is a kind of powerful and rapid traffic way in big city and very effective to alleviate the traffic pressure.but subway can produce serious vibration and noise in its operation ,and bring out sub-structural noise and vibration of building along the line .this is a kind of serious pollution to urban environment,and sometimes affects the people's working and living condition neaeby. This vibration is called a social effects of pollution and should be controlled.
Based on interpretation and analysis of home and foreign relevant research,for the purpose of reducing the vibration of adjacent buildings induced by subway,the characteristics of buildings vibration induced by subway are studied.Based on the research work before, firstly, The research results and situations about environmental vibration indueed by loads on subways at home and abroad have been summarized.Then,based on the relevant research production,we analyze the characteristics of adjacent buildings vibration induced by subway.A series of theoretieal knowledge and resolving methods in the process of numeric simulation has been represented,including the establishment of the function,the comprehension of the arithmetic,the choice of the elements,the modeling of the soil's boundary, the confirm of the dam Pete. This work offers a concrete basic for the following chapters.
Using the Finite-element software ANSYS,two dimensions soil-tunnel model is established, and the dynamic response are analyzed in situation.At last,the characteristic of subway vibration is concluded,which could be used for for reference in vibration control and buffer design of the ground structure.Most importantly,by using the Tunnel Size soil and characteristics of Beijing subway line 5. two-dimensional dynamic finite element model has been derived in the circular tunnel and the rectangular tunnel. we also compare and analysis the two models which can be used in tunnel engineering design.
引文
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[35]张玉娥,白宝鸿,潘昌实.地铁列车振动对周围环境影响评估.噪声与振动控制,1997,2:37-41.
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[2]钱七虎.岩土工程的第四次高潮[J].地下空间,1999,19(4):267-272.
[3]关宝树,杨其新.地下工程概论[M].西南交通大学出版社,2001.
[4]NelsonJ.Predietion and control of ground-bome noise and vibration from rail transittrains.UMTAMA-06-0049-83-4 Report.
[5]J Melke.Noise and Vibration from underground railway lines.Proposals for a Prediction Procedure,J·S·&Vib,1988,120(2):391-406.
[6]Voberg K.G.proPagation of ground Vibrations near railway traeks.J.S&vib,1983,87(2):371-376.
[7]Rueker w.Research Report,1980.
[8]郝文化,叶裕明等.ANSYS土木工程应用实例.中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[9]Fujikake T.A Predition method for the ProPagatio of ground vibration from railway trains[J].J sound & vibration,1986,111(2):289-297.
[10]Hayakawa K.Reduetion Effects of Ballast Mats and EPS Blocks on Ground Vibration Caused by Trainandits Evaluation.Proc.Inter Noise,1992:233-240.
[11]夏禾,于大明.城市轨道交通系统引起的环境问题.北方交通大学学报,1999,23(4):1-6.
[12]王毅,徐辉.地铁车辆段平台居住小区振动与噪声污染控制.中国环境监测,1999,15(6):43-45
[13]王毅.北京地下铁道振动对环境影响的调查与研究.噪声与振动控制,1992,(1):15-17.
[14]徐忠根,任珉,杨泽群等.广州市地铁一号线振动传播对环境影响测定与分析.环境技术,2002,(4):12-14.
[15]曹国辉,方志.地铁运行引起房屋振动的研究.工业建筑,2003,33(12):31-33.
[16]茅玉泉.交通运输车辆引起的地面振动特性与衰减.建筑结构学报,1987,(1):12-19.
[17]田春芝.地铁振动对周围建筑物影响的研究概况.铁道劳动安全与环境,2000,27(1):64-67.
[18]彭胜群.地铁振动污染防治对策.地铁劳动安全卫生与环保,2004,31(3):110-112.
[19]彭波,谢伟平,蒋沧如.移动荷载作用下地基-轨道系统的土动力分析.华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2003,20(2):72-74.
[20]H.-H.Hung,Y-B.Yang.Elastic waves in viso-elastic half-space generated by various vehicle loads[J],soil Dynamic and Earquake Engineering,2001,(21):1-17.
[21]Hong Hao,Thien Cheng Ang.Analytical Modeling of Traffic induced Ground Vibration.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(8):
[22]张昀青,刘维宁,王霆.轨道参数对地铁列车所引起轨枕动力响应的影响.都市快轨交通,2004,(17):21-23.
[23]谢伟平,孙洪刚.地铁运行时引起的土的波动分析.岩土力学与工程学报,2003,22(7):1180-1184.
[24]洪俊清,刘伟庆.地铁对周边建筑物振动影响分析.振动与冲击,2006,25(4):142-145.
[25]翟辉,刘维宁.地铁列车引起的低频地表响应及减振措施的研究.都市快轨交通,2004, (17):21-23.
[26]张玉娥,白宝鸿,潘昌实.地铁列车振动对周围环境影响评估.噪声与振动控制,1997,(2):37-41.
[27]潘昌实,谢正光.地铁区间隧道列车振动测试与分析.土木工程学报.1990,23(2):21-28.
[28]潘昌实,谢正光.北京地铁列车振动对环境影响的探讨.隧道及地下工程学会第七届年会论文集,北京,1992:424-431.
[29]茅玉泉.交通运输车辆引起的地面振动特性和衰减.建筑结构学报,1987,(1):12-19.
[30]辜小安,刘宪章,张春华.地铁环境振动预测方法浅析.环境工程,1996,14(5):35-39.
[31]孙家麒主编.城市轨道交通振动和噪声控制简明手册.中国科学技术出版社,2002:2-8,160,208
[32]VolbergG.Propagation of ground vibrations near railway tracks[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1983,87(2):371-376.
[33]Fujikaka T.A Prediction method for the ProPagation of ground vibration from railway train[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1986,111(2):289-297.
[34]王逢朝,夏禾,张鸿儒.地铁列车振动对邻近建筑物的影响.北方交通大学学报,1999,23(5):45-48.
[35]张玉娥,白宝鸿,潘昌实.地铁列车振动对周围环境影响评估.噪声与振动控制,1997,2:37-41.
[36]潘昌实,刘维宁.隧道列车振动试验与动态分析.兰州铁道学院学报,1985,4(2):1-21.
[37]周才宝.地下铁道整体轨下基础.地铁与轻轨,1994,(2):29-31.
[38]张昀青,王秀英.地下铁道列车运行是对环境影响的研究状态.北方交通大学学报,2003,(4):48-51.
[39]潘昌实,刘维宁.隧道列车振动试验与动态分析.兰州铁道学院学报,1985,4(2):1-21.
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