基于DSP的中频电源的研究
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摘要
目前400Hz中频电源被广泛应用于飞机、舰船车辆等对电源性能要求严格的领域,在要求提供失真度小、稳定、纯正的正弦波的同时,还要具有系统紧凑、控制灵活、定性好等诸多优点。但传统上大都采用模拟器件控制的方法,由于模拟器件的温漂性容易造成系统性能不稳定以及存在控制电路元件多,系统复杂,灵活性差等缺点。本文系统地研究了一种数字化中频逆变电源来克服模拟器件本身的缺陷,控制芯片采用TMS320LF2407A来实现。
本文从理论上建立电源电路的连续空间和离散空间的数学模型,并提出了采用双极性SPWM调制正弦波,由于要达到高性能电源所要求的波形输出质量的要求,系统采取了数字PID控制和重复控制相结合的算法来实现系统的闭环控制来提高输出电压稳定度以及波形质量,给出了各自的算法模型以及实现方式。
在当今的电子电路设计中,在搭建系统之前通常会采用软件来仿真硬件实现的过程并以此来校正系统参数以及电路正确与否。本文也介绍了当前较常用的几种电子电路仿真软件,并使用其中的一种MATLAB,通过对其中Simpower库的调用仿真出真实的电路模型,对系统的开环和闭环模型做了动态的仿真过程和仿真结果的分析。
本文给出了实际电源系统结构和具体硬件的实现,通过理论计算选取了所需要电路各元器件的型号,LC低通滤波器的参数等。系统的硬件图采用protel DXP绘制,绘制出主逆变电路以及保护电路,采用了LEM模块来检测电压和电流,实现了电流电压检测电路。为了达到数字控制的实现,对DSP控制为核心的最小控制系统给出了总体电路设计,绘制了控制器的芯片引脚以及晶体振荡电路,JATG调试电路,复位电路以及外围存储芯片等。
在软件实现部分,本文对TI的CCS编译环境进行了简要的介绍,并详细给出了主程序的流程以及各个中断的时序,在CCS编译环境下编写出了在DSP上的SPWM脉冲调制程序以及各个中断子程序的实现。
由于EMC设计在当今电源设计中的重要性,因此文章特意介绍了中频电源的EMC设计方面,具体分析了本电源系统电磁干扰产生的原因,提出了中频电源的干扰源以及差模干扰和共模干扰,然后指出了在PCB制板过程中需要注意的准则以及软件的设计来抑制和防止电磁干扰。
Medium frequency power is widely used in aircraft, ship and vehicles which requires high quality of power. It provides pure and stable sine waves with little distortion while it has the advantage of smart and agile system. However, the products in the market controlled in the analog method have their shortcoming in their complicated elements and less agility. The paper discussed a digital medium frequency power, by using a TMSLF2407A chip.
Mathematical models were settled in continuous and discrete space, SPWM modulation was designed, a closed loop was designated to improve quality of the wave and voltage stability, which take combination of digital PID and repetition algorithm, aslo their models and realization were given.
A simulation was taken to calibrate the index and system before we connect the hardware, simulation software were introduced, MATLAB was used in this paper to simulate the model, as well as dynamic process and analysis of the system .
The structure of the system and hardware design was given, the types of the components and its data were chosen according to the compute. The hardware map was designed by protel DXP, including main circuits and protection circuit, the votage and current circuit take advantage of LEM for the detection. The minimum control system was designed, including the design of JATG debugger circuit, reset circuit an extended store circuit.
A brief introduction was on ccs IDE of Ti, the dataflow of the program and time sequence of the interrupt was detailly given, SPWM modulation program and each sub-program of interrupt was developed based on CCS IDE.
The design of EMC in a Medium frequency power was specified in the paper, the cause of electromagnetic interrupt was analysed, common-mode interrupt was discussed as well as different-mode interrupt. some notice on make PCB and software to inhibit and reduce electromagnetic interrupt.
本文从理论上建立电源电路的连续空间和离散空间的数学模型,并提出了采用双极性SPWM调制正弦波,由于要达到高性能电源所要求的波形输出质量的要求,系统采取了数字PID控制和重复控制相结合的算法来实现系统的闭环控制来提高输出电压稳定度以及波形质量,给出了各自的算法模型以及实现方式。
在当今的电子电路设计中,在搭建系统之前通常会采用软件来仿真硬件实现的过程并以此来校正系统参数以及电路正确与否。本文也介绍了当前较常用的几种电子电路仿真软件,并使用其中的一种MATLAB,通过对其中Simpower库的调用仿真出真实的电路模型,对系统的开环和闭环模型做了动态的仿真过程和仿真结果的分析。
本文给出了实际电源系统结构和具体硬件的实现,通过理论计算选取了所需要电路各元器件的型号,LC低通滤波器的参数等。系统的硬件图采用protel DXP绘制,绘制出主逆变电路以及保护电路,采用了LEM模块来检测电压和电流,实现了电流电压检测电路。为了达到数字控制的实现,对DSP控制为核心的最小控制系统给出了总体电路设计,绘制了控制器的芯片引脚以及晶体振荡电路,JATG调试电路,复位电路以及外围存储芯片等。
在软件实现部分,本文对TI的CCS编译环境进行了简要的介绍,并详细给出了主程序的流程以及各个中断的时序,在CCS编译环境下编写出了在DSP上的SPWM脉冲调制程序以及各个中断子程序的实现。
由于EMC设计在当今电源设计中的重要性,因此文章特意介绍了中频电源的EMC设计方面,具体分析了本电源系统电磁干扰产生的原因,提出了中频电源的干扰源以及差模干扰和共模干扰,然后指出了在PCB制板过程中需要注意的准则以及软件的设计来抑制和防止电磁干扰。
Medium frequency power is widely used in aircraft, ship and vehicles which requires high quality of power. It provides pure and stable sine waves with little distortion while it has the advantage of smart and agile system. However, the products in the market controlled in the analog method have their shortcoming in their complicated elements and less agility. The paper discussed a digital medium frequency power, by using a TMSLF2407A chip.
Mathematical models were settled in continuous and discrete space, SPWM modulation was designed, a closed loop was designated to improve quality of the wave and voltage stability, which take combination of digital PID and repetition algorithm, aslo their models and realization were given.
A simulation was taken to calibrate the index and system before we connect the hardware, simulation software were introduced, MATLAB was used in this paper to simulate the model, as well as dynamic process and analysis of the system .
The structure of the system and hardware design was given, the types of the components and its data were chosen according to the compute. The hardware map was designed by protel DXP, including main circuits and protection circuit, the votage and current circuit take advantage of LEM for the detection. The minimum control system was designed, including the design of JATG debugger circuit, reset circuit an extended store circuit.
A brief introduction was on ccs IDE of Ti, the dataflow of the program and time sequence of the interrupt was detailly given, SPWM modulation program and each sub-program of interrupt was developed based on CCS IDE.
The design of EMC in a Medium frequency power was specified in the paper, the cause of electromagnetic interrupt was analysed, common-mode interrupt was discussed as well as different-mode interrupt. some notice on make PCB and software to inhibit and reduce electromagnetic interrupt.
引文
[1]刘凤君编著,正弦波逆变器,科学出版社,2000
[2]李爱文,张承慧.现代逆变技术及其应用.北京:科学出版社,2001:14
[3]陈建业编著,电力电子的计算机仿真,清华大学出版社,2003,23-60
[4]周志敏,周济海,纪爱华。逆变电源实用技术—设计与应用,中国电力出版社 2005.1
[5]清源科技.TMS320LF240x DSP应用程序设计教程,机械工业出版社,2003
[6]王聪,软开关功率变换器及应用,科学出版社,2000:49-93
[7]黄俊,王兆安,电力电子变流技术,机械工业出版社,2000:207-233
[8]赵良炳,现代电力电子技术基础,清华大学出版社,1999:32-39
[9]林渭勋,现代电力电子电路,浙江大学出版社,2002:44-81
[10]王志良,电力电子新器件及其应用手册(第一版),国防工业版社,1995
[11]陈坚编著,电力电子学-电力电子变换和控制技术,高等教育出版社,2002
[12]陈志国,电源的计算机仿真技术,科学出版社,2001
[13]丁道宏.电子电源的发展回顾与展望.电源世界,2000(3),1
[14]韩安荣。通用变频器及其应用,机械工业出版社,25-46
[15]IEC 61000-2-2(1990),"Electromagnetic compatibility part 2:Environment Section 2:Compatibility levels for low frequency conducted disturbances and signaling in public low-voltage power supply systems",Geneve 1990
[16]IEC 61000-2-4(1994),"Electromagnetic compatibility part 2:Environment Section 4:Compatibility levels in industrial plants for low frequency conducted disturbances",Geneve 1994
[17]IEC 61000-2-6(1995),"Electromagnetic compatibility part 2:Environment Section 6:Guide to the assessment of the emission levels in the power supply of industrial plants as regards the low-frequency conducted disturbances ",Geneve 1995
[18]欧阳黎明.MATLAB控制系统设计.北京:国防工业出版社.2001.1
[19]张志涌.精通MATLAB6.5版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2003.3
[20]陈坚.电力电子学—电力电子变换利控制技术,北京:高等教育出版社.2002
[21]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统(第2版),北京:机械工业出版社.2000
[22]沙占友.特种集成电源最新应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2000:93-114
[23]陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:5-10
[24]陈道炼编著.DC/AC逆变技术及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.11
[25]刘凤君,Delta逆变技术及其在交流电源中的应用,机械工业出版社,2003.9
[26]Han-Ju Cha,Sin-Sup Kim,Min-Gu Kang and Yong-Ho Chung,Real-time Digital Control of PWM Inverter with PI Compensator for Uninterruptible Power Supply, IEEE 16th Annual Conference of the Industrial Electronics Society, IECON'90,1990:1124-1128
[27] Kurokawa M, Konishi Y, Nakaoka M. Auxiliary Resonant DC Link S nubber Assisted Voltage-S ource S oft Switching Inverter with S pace Zero Voltage Vector G eneration Method. IEE Proceedings: Electric Power Applications, 2002,149(5): 337-342
[28] Yu Xiong, Danjiang Chen, Xin yang, Changsheng Hu, Zhongchao Zhang, Analysis and Experimentation of A New Three-Phase Current-Source Inverter, 35th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, 548-551
[29] Lai Jih-Sheng, Robert W. Sr, Ott George W, ect. Delta- Configured Auxiliary Resonant S nubber I nverter. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1996,32(3): 518-524
[30] Bellar M. D, Wu Tzong Shiann, Tchamdjou Aristide, ect. Review of Soft-Switched DC- AC Converters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998,34(4) : 847-860
[31] R.W.DeDonker and J.P.Lyons . The Auxiliary Resonant C ommutated Pole C onverter . IEEE-IAS Annu. Meeting, 1990:1228-1235
[32] Wang Kunrong, Zhu Lizhi, Qu Dayu, ect. Design, I mplementation, and Experimental Results of Bi-D irectional F ull- Bridge DC/ DC Converter with Unified Soft-Switching Scheme and Soft-Starting Capability. PESC, 2000:1058-1063
[33] Wu T.S, Bellar M.D, Tchamdjou. A, ect. Review of Soft-Switched DC- AC Converters. IEEE Industry Applications Society. 1996, (2): 1133-1144
[2]李爱文,张承慧.现代逆变技术及其应用.北京:科学出版社,2001:14
[3]陈建业编著,电力电子的计算机仿真,清华大学出版社,2003,23-60
[4]周志敏,周济海,纪爱华。逆变电源实用技术—设计与应用,中国电力出版社 2005.1
[5]清源科技.TMS320LF240x DSP应用程序设计教程,机械工业出版社,2003
[6]王聪,软开关功率变换器及应用,科学出版社,2000:49-93
[7]黄俊,王兆安,电力电子变流技术,机械工业出版社,2000:207-233
[8]赵良炳,现代电力电子技术基础,清华大学出版社,1999:32-39
[9]林渭勋,现代电力电子电路,浙江大学出版社,2002:44-81
[10]王志良,电力电子新器件及其应用手册(第一版),国防工业版社,1995
[11]陈坚编著,电力电子学-电力电子变换和控制技术,高等教育出版社,2002
[12]陈志国,电源的计算机仿真技术,科学出版社,2001
[13]丁道宏.电子电源的发展回顾与展望.电源世界,2000(3),1
[14]韩安荣。通用变频器及其应用,机械工业出版社,25-46
[15]IEC 61000-2-2(1990),"Electromagnetic compatibility part 2:Environment Section 2:Compatibility levels for low frequency conducted disturbances and signaling in public low-voltage power supply systems",Geneve 1990
[16]IEC 61000-2-4(1994),"Electromagnetic compatibility part 2:Environment Section 4:Compatibility levels in industrial plants for low frequency conducted disturbances",Geneve 1994
[17]IEC 61000-2-6(1995),"Electromagnetic compatibility part 2:Environment Section 6:Guide to the assessment of the emission levels in the power supply of industrial plants as regards the low-frequency conducted disturbances ",Geneve 1995
[18]欧阳黎明.MATLAB控制系统设计.北京:国防工业出版社.2001.1
[19]张志涌.精通MATLAB6.5版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2003.3
[20]陈坚.电力电子学—电力电子变换利控制技术,北京:高等教育出版社.2002
[21]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统(第2版),北京:机械工业出版社.2000
[22]沙占友.特种集成电源最新应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2000:93-114
[23]陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:5-10
[24]陈道炼编著.DC/AC逆变技术及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.11
[25]刘凤君,Delta逆变技术及其在交流电源中的应用,机械工业出版社,2003.9
[26]Han-Ju Cha,Sin-Sup Kim,Min-Gu Kang and Yong-Ho Chung,Real-time Digital Control of PWM Inverter with PI Compensator for Uninterruptible Power Supply, IEEE 16th Annual Conference of the Industrial Electronics Society, IECON'90,1990:1124-1128
[27] Kurokawa M, Konishi Y, Nakaoka M. Auxiliary Resonant DC Link S nubber Assisted Voltage-S ource S oft Switching Inverter with S pace Zero Voltage Vector G eneration Method. IEE Proceedings: Electric Power Applications, 2002,149(5): 337-342
[28] Yu Xiong, Danjiang Chen, Xin yang, Changsheng Hu, Zhongchao Zhang, Analysis and Experimentation of A New Three-Phase Current-Source Inverter, 35th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, 548-551
[29] Lai Jih-Sheng, Robert W. Sr, Ott George W, ect. Delta- Configured Auxiliary Resonant S nubber I nverter. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1996,32(3): 518-524
[30] Bellar M. D, Wu Tzong Shiann, Tchamdjou Aristide, ect. Review of Soft-Switched DC- AC Converters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998,34(4) : 847-860
[31] R.W.DeDonker and J.P.Lyons . The Auxiliary Resonant C ommutated Pole C onverter . IEEE-IAS Annu. Meeting, 1990:1228-1235
[32] Wang Kunrong, Zhu Lizhi, Qu Dayu, ect. Design, I mplementation, and Experimental Results of Bi-D irectional F ull- Bridge DC/ DC Converter with Unified Soft-Switching Scheme and Soft-Starting Capability. PESC, 2000:1058-1063
[33] Wu T.S, Bellar M.D, Tchamdjou. A, ect. Review of Soft-Switched DC- AC Converters. IEEE Industry Applications Society. 1996, (2): 1133-1144