文学作品的可译限度——论《水浒传》的再创造性翻译
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摘要
本文意在从语言，文化和文学风格三方面入手，探讨文学翻译中的可译限度问题，同时分析在翻译过程中这三类可译限度为译者带来的种种困难。通过对比分析由《水浒传》的两个英文译本中选取的实例(莎博理的百回译本和赛珍珠的七十回简写译本)，作者力图归纳出一些再创造性的翻译方法，包括主动性再创造和被动性再创造，作为中国古典小说英译过程中应付可译限度造成的难题时可供借鉴的策略模式。
The thesis aims at exploring the constraints on translatability in literary translation from the perspectives of linguistic, cultural and literary style, as well as on difficulties caused by these constraints to translators in their efforts to render the source text into the target language. Through a contrastive study of examples chosen from the English translations of Shuihu Zhuan by Sidney Shapiro and Pearl S. Buck, the paper also attempts to propose some strategies of establishing a re-creative approach, both actively and passively, to deal with the constraints on translatability in literary translation.
The thesis aims at exploring the constraints on translatability in literary translation from the perspectives of linguistic, cultural and literary style, as well as on difficulties caused by these constraints to translators in their efforts to render the source text into the target language. Through a contrastive study of examples chosen from the English translations of Shuihu Zhuan by Sidney Shapiro and Pearl S. Buck, the paper also attempts to propose some strategies of establishing a re-creative approach, both actively and passively, to deal with the constraints on translatability in literary translation.
引文
Bassnett, Susan. Translation Studies. London and New York: Routledge, 1991.
Bassnett, Susan. and Lefevere, Andre. Constructing Cultures-Essays on Literary Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 1998.
Catford. J. C. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press, 1965.
Class, Olive. Ed. Encyclopedia of Literary Translation. London: Fitzroy Dearborn,2000.
Hatim Basil. and Mason Ian. Discourse and the Translator. New York: Longman Group Ltd, 1990.
Homby, Mary Snell. Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1988.
Landers, Clifford E. Literary Translation: A Practical Guide. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2001.
Morris, William, Ed. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1966.
Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1981.
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. UK: Prentice Hall International Ltd,1988.
Nida, E.A. Language and Culture: Contexts in Translating. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2001.
Searle, John R. Speech Act-An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Berkeley: University of California, 1969.
Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong. Trans. Buck, S. Pearl. All Men are Brothers. New York: The John Day Company, 1933.
Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong. Trans. Sidney Shapiro. Outlaws of the Marsh. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1980.
Simon, Sherry. Gender in Translation—Cultural Identity and the Politics of Translation. London: Routledge, 1996.
Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation-Problems and Methods Gunter Narr Verlag, 1982.
Wilss, Wolfram. Translation and Interpreting in the 20th Century Focus on German. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999.
包振南《外国翻译理论评介文集》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司1983
金惠康《跨文化交际翻译》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司2003
金陧《等效翻译探索》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司1989
廖七一等《当代西方翻译理论探索》南京：译林出版社2001
刘宓庆《文体与翻译》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司1998
刘仁圣，陈信陵，吴晓龙《水浒文化大观》南昌：百花洲文艺出版社1997
吕俊，侯向群《英汉翻译教程》(A Coursebook for English-Chinese Translation)上海：上海外语教育出版社2001
王同周《地煞天罡——<水浒传>与民俗文化》哈尔滨：黑龙江人民出版社2003
沈苏儒《论信达雅—严复翻译理论研究》北京：商务印书馆1998
盛馔昌《水浒黑白绰号谭》上海：上海辞书出版社2002
施耐庵罗贯中《水浒传》乌鲁木齐：新疆青少年出版社2002
萧立明《新译学论稿》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司2001
许钧《翻译思考录》汉口：湖北教育出版社1998a
许渊冲《文学翻译谈》台北：书林出版那有限公司1998b
余光中《余光中谈翻译》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司2002
周仪，罗平《翻译与批评》武汉：湖北教育出版社1999
Bassnett, Susan. and Lefevere, Andre. Constructing Cultures-Essays on Literary Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 1998.
Catford. J. C. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press, 1965.
Class, Olive. Ed. Encyclopedia of Literary Translation. London: Fitzroy Dearborn,2000.
Hatim Basil. and Mason Ian. Discourse and the Translator. New York: Longman Group Ltd, 1990.
Homby, Mary Snell. Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1988.
Landers, Clifford E. Literary Translation: A Practical Guide. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2001.
Morris, William, Ed. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1966.
Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1981.
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. UK: Prentice Hall International Ltd,1988.
Nida, E.A. Language and Culture: Contexts in Translating. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2001.
Searle, John R. Speech Act-An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Berkeley: University of California, 1969.
Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong. Trans. Buck, S. Pearl. All Men are Brothers. New York: The John Day Company, 1933.
Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong. Trans. Sidney Shapiro. Outlaws of the Marsh. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1980.
Simon, Sherry. Gender in Translation—Cultural Identity and the Politics of Translation. London: Routledge, 1996.
Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation-Problems and Methods Gunter Narr Verlag, 1982.
Wilss, Wolfram. Translation and Interpreting in the 20th Century Focus on German. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999.
包振南《外国翻译理论评介文集》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司1983
金惠康《跨文化交际翻译》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司2003
金陧《等效翻译探索》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司1989
廖七一等《当代西方翻译理论探索》南京：译林出版社2001
刘宓庆《文体与翻译》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司1998
刘仁圣，陈信陵，吴晓龙《水浒文化大观》南昌：百花洲文艺出版社1997
吕俊，侯向群《英汉翻译教程》(A Coursebook for English-Chinese Translation)上海：上海外语教育出版社2001
王同周《地煞天罡——<水浒传>与民俗文化》哈尔滨：黑龙江人民出版社2003
沈苏儒《论信达雅—严复翻译理论研究》北京：商务印书馆1998
盛馔昌《水浒黑白绰号谭》上海：上海辞书出版社2002
施耐庵罗贯中《水浒传》乌鲁木齐：新疆青少年出版社2002
萧立明《新译学论稿》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司2001
许钧《翻译思考录》汉口：湖北教育出版社1998a
许渊冲《文学翻译谈》台北：书林出版那有限公司1998b
余光中《余光中谈翻译》北京：中国对外翻译出版公司2002
周仪，罗平《翻译与批评》武汉：湖北教育出版社1999