基于电力线的传感器信号传输系统的研究
摘要
在现代生产的检测和控制中,传感器信号的采集是最普遍最重要的项目之一。在一些测控系统中,计算机主控系统与传感器、测量装置距离较远且测量环境恶劣,传统的数据采集方法是通过无线电传输或采用电缆系统和红外线传输方式。采用无线电传输方式组建测控网占用无线电频率资源;采用电缆成本较高;采用红外线的传输方式,不能穿越墙体,无法实现全部设备的集中测控。而电力网却是相当丰富和独立的,如采用电力线通信技术PLC,实现能源流和信息流共用即可解决采用其他方法存在的问题。
本文着重研发基于电力线通信技术这个新应用的传感器信号传输系统。整个系统主要由传感器数据采集单元、单片机主控单元和电力线载波发送、接收单元三部分组成。传感器采集信号经过A/D转换将模拟信号转换为数字信号,对转换后的信号采用BPSK调制技术进行调制,调制后经过载波发送电路把信号耦合到低压电力线网络,经过低压电网传输到指定接收端,再通过解调、信号耦合电路,载波接收电路把信号分离出来。传感器数据采集单元采用16位A/D转换芯片AD7715,AD7715具有片内可编程增益放大器,可以对传感器的小信号先进行放大再进行A/D转换;单片机主控单元采用STC89C516RD+实现对AD7715的控制,同时协调电力线载波的发送和接收;本系统选用RISE3401作为电力线载波芯片,该芯片采用了抗干扰能力较强的二进制相移键控BPSK调制解调技术;在此芯片的基础上设计了电力载波发送、接收等外围电路。根据所设计的硬件电路,编制了相应的软件,并做了软硬件测试。
电力载波信号传输测试在一个配电变压器区域范围内进行,测试结果表明:系统在一定距离内对传感器采集信号进行了有效传输。在总结全文工作的基础上,对载波传输系统目前存在的问题进行了分析,并为下一步的研究指明了方向。
In the detection and control of the modern production process, sensor signal acquisition is one of the most common and important projects. Some measurement and control systems which measure devices and sensors are far away from computer control system. At present, the methods widely used includes the radio transmission, cable systems and the infrared transmission. But the radio transmision occupies the wireless frequency resource, cable system costs too much and the infrared transmission can't pass through the walls to realize the centralized control of all the equipments. And the infrark is fairly abundant and dependent. If power line communication (PLC) is used, then energy flow and information flow can be used simultaneously. That is to say, the problems caused by other methods can be solved.
This paper mainly discusses a new application in sensor signal transmission system based on the technology of power line carrier communication. The entire system consists of three parts, including sensor data acquisition unit, single chip main control module and the transmitting and receiving unit by power line carrier. Fisrtly, sensor signals are converted from analog signals to digital signals through A/D converter;secondly, the digital signals we just obtained will be modulated by BPSK modulation technology. Thirdly, modulating signals will be coupled to the low-voltage power line network through carrier transmitting circuit;then modulating signals will be transmitted to the designated receiver through the low-voltage network;finally, modulating signals will be separated by demodulation, signal coupling circuit and carrier receiving circuit. 16-bit A/D converter chip AD7715, applied in the sensor data acquisition unit,has programmable gain amplifier on chip to amplfy the small signals in the sensor for transmiting A/D. Single chip main control unit has the capacity of achieving the control of AD7715 with ST89C516RD+, while coordinating the transmitting and receiving of power line carrier. The peripheral circuit is designed based on the chip RISE3401. And the chip, employs Binary Phase Shift Keying BPSK with high speed data transmission. According to the designed hardware circuit, relative software is compiled and the tests about the hardware and software are carried out.
Power line carrier signal transmission test is carried out within distribution transformers' region. The test results show that the system can send and receive the data without error in a certain distance , which can transmitte the sensor acquisition signals effctively. Based on the summary of the full paper, this topic not only analyzes the current problem in carrier transmission systems, but directs the further research.
本文着重研发基于电力线通信技术这个新应用的传感器信号传输系统。整个系统主要由传感器数据采集单元、单片机主控单元和电力线载波发送、接收单元三部分组成。传感器采集信号经过A/D转换将模拟信号转换为数字信号,对转换后的信号采用BPSK调制技术进行调制,调制后经过载波发送电路把信号耦合到低压电力线网络,经过低压电网传输到指定接收端,再通过解调、信号耦合电路,载波接收电路把信号分离出来。传感器数据采集单元采用16位A/D转换芯片AD7715,AD7715具有片内可编程增益放大器,可以对传感器的小信号先进行放大再进行A/D转换;单片机主控单元采用STC89C516RD+实现对AD7715的控制,同时协调电力线载波的发送和接收;本系统选用RISE3401作为电力线载波芯片,该芯片采用了抗干扰能力较强的二进制相移键控BPSK调制解调技术;在此芯片的基础上设计了电力载波发送、接收等外围电路。根据所设计的硬件电路,编制了相应的软件,并做了软硬件测试。
电力载波信号传输测试在一个配电变压器区域范围内进行,测试结果表明:系统在一定距离内对传感器采集信号进行了有效传输。在总结全文工作的基础上,对载波传输系统目前存在的问题进行了分析,并为下一步的研究指明了方向。
In the detection and control of the modern production process, sensor signal acquisition is one of the most common and important projects. Some measurement and control systems which measure devices and sensors are far away from computer control system. At present, the methods widely used includes the radio transmission, cable systems and the infrared transmission. But the radio transmision occupies the wireless frequency resource, cable system costs too much and the infrared transmission can't pass through the walls to realize the centralized control of all the equipments. And the infrark is fairly abundant and dependent. If power line communication (PLC) is used, then energy flow and information flow can be used simultaneously. That is to say, the problems caused by other methods can be solved.
This paper mainly discusses a new application in sensor signal transmission system based on the technology of power line carrier communication. The entire system consists of three parts, including sensor data acquisition unit, single chip main control module and the transmitting and receiving unit by power line carrier. Fisrtly, sensor signals are converted from analog signals to digital signals through A/D converter;secondly, the digital signals we just obtained will be modulated by BPSK modulation technology. Thirdly, modulating signals will be coupled to the low-voltage power line network through carrier transmitting circuit;then modulating signals will be transmitted to the designated receiver through the low-voltage network;finally, modulating signals will be separated by demodulation, signal coupling circuit and carrier receiving circuit. 16-bit A/D converter chip AD7715, applied in the sensor data acquisition unit,has programmable gain amplifier on chip to amplfy the small signals in the sensor for transmiting A/D. Single chip main control unit has the capacity of achieving the control of AD7715 with ST89C516RD+, while coordinating the transmitting and receiving of power line carrier. The peripheral circuit is designed based on the chip RISE3401. And the chip, employs Binary Phase Shift Keying BPSK with high speed data transmission. According to the designed hardware circuit, relative software is compiled and the tests about the hardware and software are carried out.
Power line carrier signal transmission test is carried out within distribution transformers' region. The test results show that the system can send and receive the data without error in a certain distance , which can transmitte the sensor acquisition signals effctively. Based on the summary of the full paper, this topic not only analyzes the current problem in carrier transmission systems, but directs the further research.
引文
[1]王林、周胜海.传感器信号远距离传输技术.信阳师范学院学报,2004,(10):482-485.
[2]詹圣红.基于低压电力线载波的测控系统设计设想.人工智能及识别技术,191-193.
[3]汤效军.改革开放30年电力线载波通信的回顾与展望.电力系统通信,2009,30(195):26-32.
[4]齐淑清.《电力线通信(PLC)技术与应用》.北京:中国电力出版社,2005,3-8.
[5]刘翔,符伯棠,任冀溢.对电力线载波通道组织与加工的几点意见,青海电力,1994,(2):19-23.
[6]Sven Battermann,Heyno Garbe.influence of Power Line Communication Transmission on the Sensitivity of a Short-Wave Receiving Station.IEEE Trans on EMC,1989,31(3):224-226.
[7]Pedro Estopinan and Arturo Purroy,Alfredo Sanz and Jose Ignacio Garcia.Broadband Power Line Communication System in C Band.IEEE Trans on Consumer Eleetronies,2004,34(2):369-373.
[8]Ma Shiwei,Zhu Xiaojin,then Guanghua,Wang Jian & Cao Jialin.Parametric adaptive time-frequency representation based on time-sheared Gabor atoms*.Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics,2007,1(18),:1-7.
[9]越智光敬,锦织琢.信号传输装置及方法和控制装置及方法.日本专利,CN101026905,2007-08-29.
[10]王练,李强,汪血焰,明艳.《现代通信网》,北京:机械工业出版社,2008,63-83.
[11]王兴亮,高利平.《通信系统概论》,西安:西安电力科技大学出版社,2008,8-22.
[12]傅永耀.电力线载波通信的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安电子科技大学机电工程学院,2006.
[13]冯玉珉.《通信系统原理》,北京:清华大学出版社;北京交通大学出版社, 2005,Z8-68.
[14]Simon Haykin Michael Moherz著,《模拟与数字通信导论》(第二版),许波,夏玮玮,宋铁成译,北京:电子工业出版社,2007,194-237.
[15]肖峰.低压电力载波网络研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学物流工程学院,2007.
[16]Wayne Tomasi著,《电子通信系统》(第四版),王曼珠,许萍译,北京:电子工业出版社,2002,98-291.
[17]刘秋霞.电能信息自动采集与管理系统的设计:[硕士学位论文].山东:曲阜师范大学物理电子系,2007.
[18]李伟章,《现代通信网概论》(第二版),北京:电子工业出版社2008,14-15.
[19]孙海,孟祥,邓学伟.AD7715模数转换器在小信号测量中的应用.测控技术,2003(9),66-68.
[20]宏晶科技,STC89C51RC/RD+系列单片机器件手册,2009-2-02.
[21]ST7538 FSK POWER-LINE TRANSCEIVER DEMO-KIT DESCRIPTION.SGSTHOMSON 公司[EB/OL].June 2003,number:1-42.
[22]黄毕尧,王智慧,李建岐.配电网工频通信及其应用.电力系统通信,2009,30(197),74-80.
[23]刘秋霞,赵建平,刘萌,郝玲艳.新一代电力线Modem芯片ST7538及其应用.电子技术应用设计.2006(7),40-43.
[24]陈欣,贺良华,王典洪.一种基于SC1128的扩频通信电路.汕头大学学报(自然科学版).2004(11),49-53.
[25]RIES3401.RISECOMM公司.2008,number:1-30.
[26]韦惠民,殷晓虎,暴宇.《扩频通信技术及应用》.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2007.48-127.
[27]丁明芳编著.电感(L)、电容(C)回路及应用.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1994,33-35.
[28]徐武安编著.电感器件设计与计算.四川:四川科学技术出版社,1984,45-65.
[29]李健岐,李祥珍.配电网载波通信耦合方式的探讨[J].电力系统通信,2007,28(174):34-50.
[29]李健岐,胡岚,米硕.低压电力线载波通信宽带耦合技术及其装置[J]. 电力系统通信,2004,(4):7-10.
[31]王庆九.网络化电子多臂剑杆织机控制系统的研制:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学.2005.
[32]许其义.基于可编程控制器网络的智能控制系统研究与开发.[硕士学位论文].山东:曲阜师范大学.2007.
[33]何希才,姜余祥.新型稳压电源及其应用[J].国防工业出版社,2002.1:33-35.
[34]Charles H.small.电子工业的核心-PCB设计.电子产品世界,1998(8):58-61.
[35]秦国屏.《电力载波通信》.北京:水利电力出版社,1987.
[2]詹圣红.基于低压电力线载波的测控系统设计设想.人工智能及识别技术,191-193.
[3]汤效军.改革开放30年电力线载波通信的回顾与展望.电力系统通信,2009,30(195):26-32.
[4]齐淑清.《电力线通信(PLC)技术与应用》.北京:中国电力出版社,2005,3-8.
[5]刘翔,符伯棠,任冀溢.对电力线载波通道组织与加工的几点意见,青海电力,1994,(2):19-23.
[6]Sven Battermann,Heyno Garbe.influence of Power Line Communication Transmission on the Sensitivity of a Short-Wave Receiving Station.IEEE Trans on EMC,1989,31(3):224-226.
[7]Pedro Estopinan and Arturo Purroy,Alfredo Sanz and Jose Ignacio Garcia.Broadband Power Line Communication System in C Band.IEEE Trans on Consumer Eleetronies,2004,34(2):369-373.
[8]Ma Shiwei,Zhu Xiaojin,then Guanghua,Wang Jian & Cao Jialin.Parametric adaptive time-frequency representation based on time-sheared Gabor atoms*.Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics,2007,1(18),:1-7.
[9]越智光敬,锦织琢.信号传输装置及方法和控制装置及方法.日本专利,CN101026905,2007-08-29.
[10]王练,李强,汪血焰,明艳.《现代通信网》,北京:机械工业出版社,2008,63-83.
[11]王兴亮,高利平.《通信系统概论》,西安:西安电力科技大学出版社,2008,8-22.
[12]傅永耀.电力线载波通信的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安电子科技大学机电工程学院,2006.
[13]冯玉珉.《通信系统原理》,北京:清华大学出版社;北京交通大学出版社, 2005,Z8-68.
[14]Simon Haykin Michael Moherz著,《模拟与数字通信导论》(第二版),许波,夏玮玮,宋铁成译,北京:电子工业出版社,2007,194-237.
[15]肖峰.低压电力载波网络研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学物流工程学院,2007.
[16]Wayne Tomasi著,《电子通信系统》(第四版),王曼珠,许萍译,北京:电子工业出版社,2002,98-291.
[17]刘秋霞.电能信息自动采集与管理系统的设计:[硕士学位论文].山东:曲阜师范大学物理电子系,2007.
[18]李伟章,《现代通信网概论》(第二版),北京:电子工业出版社2008,14-15.
[19]孙海,孟祥,邓学伟.AD7715模数转换器在小信号测量中的应用.测控技术,2003(9),66-68.
[20]宏晶科技,STC89C51RC/RD+系列单片机器件手册,2009-2-02.
[21]ST7538 FSK POWER-LINE TRANSCEIVER DEMO-KIT DESCRIPTION.SGSTHOMSON 公司[EB/OL].June 2003,number:1-42.
[22]黄毕尧,王智慧,李建岐.配电网工频通信及其应用.电力系统通信,2009,30(197),74-80.
[23]刘秋霞,赵建平,刘萌,郝玲艳.新一代电力线Modem芯片ST7538及其应用.电子技术应用设计.2006(7),40-43.
[24]陈欣,贺良华,王典洪.一种基于SC1128的扩频通信电路.汕头大学学报(自然科学版).2004(11),49-53.
[25]RIES3401.RISECOMM公司.2008,number:1-30.
[26]韦惠民,殷晓虎,暴宇.《扩频通信技术及应用》.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2007.48-127.
[27]丁明芳编著.电感(L)、电容(C)回路及应用.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1994,33-35.
[28]徐武安编著.电感器件设计与计算.四川:四川科学技术出版社,1984,45-65.
[29]李健岐,李祥珍.配电网载波通信耦合方式的探讨[J].电力系统通信,2007,28(174):34-50.
[29]李健岐,胡岚,米硕.低压电力线载波通信宽带耦合技术及其装置[J]. 电力系统通信,2004,(4):7-10.
[31]王庆九.网络化电子多臂剑杆织机控制系统的研制:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学.2005.
[32]许其义.基于可编程控制器网络的智能控制系统研究与开发.[硕士学位论文].山东:曲阜师范大学.2007.
[33]何希才,姜余祥.新型稳压电源及其应用[J].国防工业出版社,2002.1:33-35.
[34]Charles H.small.电子工业的核心-PCB设计.电子产品世界,1998(8):58-61.
[35]秦国屏.《电力载波通信》.北京:水利电力出版社,1987.