基于RFID的读卡分站系统设计
摘要
目前国内煤矿的安全生产形势非常严峻,国家正在大力治理煤矿安全生产环境,为了有效提高煤矿的安全生产能力,必须加强对生产人员和移动设备的监管,使管理者能及时、清楚地了解谁在井下、到过哪里、正在哪里,哪台移动设备所在位置等等。由于无线电通讯技术以及技术向矿山安全应用领域转移投入的社会力量的局限,原有矿用无线通讯产品存在功耗较大、读卡速度慢、同时可读卡数少、读卡可靠性差和产品尺寸大不便于携带等问题,很难大批装备到煤矿使用。为了有效的定位以及管理更多的人员,所以必须建立读卡的分站,连接更多的读卡器,可以很好的在有效的范围之内锁定人员的位置,检测人员的流动情况。
本论文的主要工作有:
设计读卡分站系统。读卡分站系统包括了定位卡、读卡子站、读卡分站和监控主机四大部分。传输系统为RS485总线,分站通过传输总线从读卡子站中接收定位卡的信息,分析并且保存之后,通过总线上传至监控主机。负责监控的人员通过监控主机对矿井人员身上的定位卡信息进行分析,可以及时的掌握工作人员的方位。
系统中的定位卡为有源的RFID标签,依靠RFID技术主动的发送矿井人员的位置信息,由于采用了低功耗技术,可以保证定位卡的使用寿命达到3年以上;读卡子站中通过无线收信机,接受定位卡的地址信息,并且配备有时间芯片,可以实时的反映定位卡的地址信息;读卡分站配备有大容量的外部RAM和外部FLASH,外部RAM实现大量数据的缓存功能,外部RAM通过读卡子站的地址信息划分区块对定位卡的信息进行存储,大容量的外部FLASH除了对定位卡信息进行保存外,还要对定位卡信息进行分析处理,将已经离线或者工作不稳定的定位卡信息另外保存,实现更智能化的管理;监控主机中监控软件依靠数据库技术,快速的保存定位卡,读卡子站和读卡分站的数据信息。
实际应用证明,系统设计合理。在运行中系统表现稳定,实现了对矿井人员的定位,并且扩大了监控的范围,达到了设计的要求。
At present,coal mine production safety situation was very serious,the state is trying hard to control coal mine safety production environment,in order to effectively improve the station of coal production.,which need to strengthen the pregulation of worker and mobile devices,so that managers can promptly and clearly to know who works underground,where is the worker now,the location of mobile devices and so on.As a result of radio communications technology and the application of technology to the field of mine safety in the transfer of the limitations of social forces,the original mine-power wireless communication products need more power,but which provide less rate,at the same time,a few card read,poor reliability and Large size is not easy to carry and other issues,it is difficult to use a large number of equipment to the coal mine.In order to effectively manage the location,as well as more staff,it is necessary to establish the substation of card reader to connect more readers.Which can be very good at effectively locked within the scope of the location of personnel to detect the movement of personnel.
The main work of this paper is as follows:
Design on substation system of card reader.The substation system of card reader includes four main parts,such as ID card,card reader,substation of card reader and monitor.Transmission system is achieved through RS485 bus.Substation gets position information of ID card from the card reader though transmission system,then upload information to the monitor through the bus.The worker who in charge of monitor analyze ID card information,can promptly get the the information of underground staff's position.
These ID cards in this system are all active RFID tags,which sending the location information of mine workers by RFID technology.The ID card guarantee working last for three years at lest thanks to the low-power technology;the card reader receives position information of ID card through the wireless receiver,and which is equipped with a time chip can provide real-time position information of the ID card;the substation are equipped with high-capacity external RAM and external FLASH, external RAM provide cache for a large amount of data,the external RAM keep the information of card by the information of card reader address,high-capacity external FLASH card in addition to preserve position information,but also to analyze card information,to preserve the information of card of off-line and instable at another place,to achieve more intelligent management;the host software of monitor can preserve data of ID card,card reader and substation.
The practical application of system proves that design are reasonable.the system in the operation performs its stability,which expand the scope of monitor,achieve the design requirements.
本论文的主要工作有:
设计读卡分站系统。读卡分站系统包括了定位卡、读卡子站、读卡分站和监控主机四大部分。传输系统为RS485总线,分站通过传输总线从读卡子站中接收定位卡的信息,分析并且保存之后,通过总线上传至监控主机。负责监控的人员通过监控主机对矿井人员身上的定位卡信息进行分析,可以及时的掌握工作人员的方位。
系统中的定位卡为有源的RFID标签,依靠RFID技术主动的发送矿井人员的位置信息,由于采用了低功耗技术,可以保证定位卡的使用寿命达到3年以上;读卡子站中通过无线收信机,接受定位卡的地址信息,并且配备有时间芯片,可以实时的反映定位卡的地址信息;读卡分站配备有大容量的外部RAM和外部FLASH,外部RAM实现大量数据的缓存功能,外部RAM通过读卡子站的地址信息划分区块对定位卡的信息进行存储,大容量的外部FLASH除了对定位卡信息进行保存外,还要对定位卡信息进行分析处理,将已经离线或者工作不稳定的定位卡信息另外保存,实现更智能化的管理;监控主机中监控软件依靠数据库技术,快速的保存定位卡,读卡子站和读卡分站的数据信息。
实际应用证明,系统设计合理。在运行中系统表现稳定,实现了对矿井人员的定位,并且扩大了监控的范围,达到了设计的要求。
At present,coal mine production safety situation was very serious,the state is trying hard to control coal mine safety production environment,in order to effectively improve the station of coal production.,which need to strengthen the pregulation of worker and mobile devices,so that managers can promptly and clearly to know who works underground,where is the worker now,the location of mobile devices and so on.As a result of radio communications technology and the application of technology to the field of mine safety in the transfer of the limitations of social forces,the original mine-power wireless communication products need more power,but which provide less rate,at the same time,a few card read,poor reliability and Large size is not easy to carry and other issues,it is difficult to use a large number of equipment to the coal mine.In order to effectively manage the location,as well as more staff,it is necessary to establish the substation of card reader to connect more readers.Which can be very good at effectively locked within the scope of the location of personnel to detect the movement of personnel.
The main work of this paper is as follows:
Design on substation system of card reader.The substation system of card reader includes four main parts,such as ID card,card reader,substation of card reader and monitor.Transmission system is achieved through RS485 bus.Substation gets position information of ID card from the card reader though transmission system,then upload information to the monitor through the bus.The worker who in charge of monitor analyze ID card information,can promptly get the the information of underground staff's position.
These ID cards in this system are all active RFID tags,which sending the location information of mine workers by RFID technology.The ID card guarantee working last for three years at lest thanks to the low-power technology;the card reader receives position information of ID card through the wireless receiver,and which is equipped with a time chip can provide real-time position information of the ID card;the substation are equipped with high-capacity external RAM and external FLASH, external RAM provide cache for a large amount of data,the external RAM keep the information of card by the information of card reader address,high-capacity external FLASH card in addition to preserve position information,but also to analyze card information,to preserve the information of card of off-line and instable at another place,to achieve more intelligent management;the host software of monitor can preserve data of ID card,card reader and substation.
The practical application of system proves that design are reasonable.the system in the operation performs its stability,which expand the scope of monitor,achieve the design requirements.
引文
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[25]胡春燕.基于VC的串口通信的实现.福建电脑.2005.10:150-151
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[28]Microsoft Corporation.Data Access Using Data Access Objects(DAO).MSDN Library Visual Studio 6.0.1998
[29]唐代清.在Client/Server应用开发中使用ADO[J].计算机应用研究.2002.19(6):111-112
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[31]Compaq,Intel,Microsoft,NEC.Universal serial bus specification Revision 1[M].2001
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[33]ZigBee Allianee.ZigBee Specification 1.0,2004
[34]MohanmadUpalMahfuzKazi M Ahmed.A review of micro-nano-scale wireless sensor networks for envirormental protection Prospects and challenges[J].Science and Technology of Advanced Materials.2005(6):302-306
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[37]Jeff Wills.Will HVAC Control go wireless[J].ASHRAE Journal,2004(7):46-52
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[39]Texas Instruments,MSP430x14x Mixed Signal Microeontroller data sheet[Z].TI Corporation,2001
[40]于海斌等.智能传感器网络系统[M].北京:科学出版社.2006
[2]Klaus Finkenzoller.射频识别(RHD)技术-无线电感应的应答器和非接触IC卡的原理[M].陈大才,译.北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[3]徐德华,刘华,等.多用途射频IC卡应用系统设计[J].探测与控制学报,2003(3):13-15.
[4]祝木田,师勇.ModBUS协议通讯的应用.[J]微计算机信息.2003.11
[5]Nancy Friedrich,RFID Innovations Deepen Market Penetration,Microwaves & RF.2007,no.26,vol.46
[6]Smart Laura,Making Sense of RFID[M],NetConnect,2004
[7]游战清,李苏剑,等.无限射频识别技术(REID)理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[8]李喻奎.下一代手机中的电源管理分割方案.http://kimberye.bokee.com/.2006.
[9]陈智育.嵌入式系统中的Flash文件系统[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002(2):5-8.
[10]陈峰,尹寒.嵌入式系统中的Flash存储管理[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,200(2):19-22.
[11]陈智育.嵌入式系统中的Flash文件系统[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002.5-8
[12]陈峰,尹寒.嵌入式系统中的Flash存储管理[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002.19-22.
[13]吴晨.RS-232与RS-485接口的技术探讨[J].计量与测试技术.2008.10
[14]中国工控网.RS-485标准及应用[EB/OL].www.chinakong.com.2005
[15]1郝铭,刘景泰,卢桂章.基于RS485总线分布式智能控制系统的设计与实现[J].自动化与仪表,2005.23-25.
[16]朱志伟,周志光,鲍祖尚.RS-485总线通信系统的可靠性措施.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006.68-70.
[17]陈竞,刘玉等.PC与ARM嵌入式系统间串口通信功能的实现.微计算机信息,2005.56-57.
[18]周奋,王婷.嵌入式系统中串口通信帧的同步方法[J].单片机及嵌入式系统应用.2007
[19]董明,刘加,刘润生.适宜于嵌入式多媒体应用的FLASH文件系统[J].电子技术应用,2002.24-27.
[20]孙安青.Nand Flash坏块管理方法.http://blog.ednchina.com/supermcu/27455/post.aspx.2007
[21]何金伟,史斌宁,罗力,黄建华.Nand Flash存储管理在DSP系统中的实现[J].微计算机信息.2009.
[22]潘沁,周新志,魏刚,磨损均衡算法在Nand Flash管理中的改进[J].微计算机信息,2007,3-1.23.
[23]23 Van Riel R.Page Replacement in Linux 2.4 Memory Manage-ment.In:USENIX Annual Technical Conference,FREENIXTrack,2001:165-172.
[24]Lu Sheng,Li Chunping.Using Statistical Model to Improve the Efficiency of Mining Maximum Sequential Patterns[c].Proc.of the 2nd International Workshop on KGGI,2004.
[25]胡春燕.基于VC的串口通信的实现.福建电脑.2005.10:150-151
[26]周轶峰,杨建新.Visual Basic 6.0实用编程技术.中国水利水电出版社.1999.20-40
[27]王建新,陈一飞等译.Visual Basic 6.0开发人员指南,机械工业出版社.1999.60-67
[28]Microsoft Corporation.Data Access Using Data Access Objects(DAO).MSDN Library Visual Studio 6.0.1998
[29]唐代清.在Client/Server应用开发中使用ADO[J].计算机应用研究.2002.19(6):111-112
[30]黄天戍,等基于ADuc812的CAN总线智能节点的设计[J].国外电子元器件.2004(8).
[31]Compaq,Intel,Microsoft,NEC.Universal serial bus specification Revision 1[M].2001
[32]Cenag,G,Valenzano,A.An improved CAN fieldbus for industrial applications[A][M].IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics[C].1997
[33]ZigBee Allianee.ZigBee Specification 1.0,2004
[34]MohanmadUpalMahfuzKazi M Ahmed.A review of micro-nano-scale wireless sensor networks for envirormental protection Prospects and challenges[J].Science and Technology of Advanced Materials.2005(6):302-306
[35]ABIReseareh,ZigBeeandS02.15.4,WirelessNetwork Markets[EB/OL],http://www.abiresearch.com/reports/ZIG.html,2004
[36]W.R.Fahrner,K.Job,M.Wemer.Sensors and smart electronics in harsh environment applications[J].Microsystem Technologies,2001,7(4):138-144.
[37]Jeff Wills.Will HVAC Control go wireless[J].ASHRAE Journal,2004(7):46-52
[38]Jin Cun,Jiang Xianyu,Luo Zhuqiu.Analysis and Comparison of ZigBee and Bluetooth[J].Information Technology & Standardization,2004,6:17-20
[39]Texas Instruments,MSP430x14x Mixed Signal Microeontroller data sheet[Z].TI Corporation,2001
[40]于海斌等.智能传感器网络系统[M].北京:科学出版社.2006