轿顶Pro/E参数化设计及ANSYS有限元分析
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摘要
轿顶是电梯的重要部件,其性能的好坏直接影响电梯产品的质量和寿命,其结构的合理性和可靠性也直接关乎维修人员的生命安全。利用Pro/E参数化设计平台对轿顶结构总体框架参数化设计,归纳总结零件、组件的参数化建模方法以及在参数化建模过程中出现的常见问题,为参数化设计的顺利实施节省了时间,它能快速地将设计者的设计意图转化为三维实体模型,然后对不合理的公式尺寸进行参数化修改,最终将产品结构总体框架转变为实际需要的产品,为提高产品设计效率提供了一种有力的手段,为赢取市场份额争取了时间,可以大大缩短产品的研制周期,提高生产效率；同时,目前国内的轿顶结构比较单一,轿顶的强度校核往往凭借经验公式,对开发出的新的电梯产品也使用同样的经验公式往往误差较大,不能及时满足多变的市场需求,利用ANSYS的结构分析模块对参数化的模型进行结构力学分析,可以大大提高电梯产品的安全性和可靠性,在很大程度上缩短了产品投入生产的时间,节省了大量的人力、物力和财力,从而降低了产品成本。如果能将CAD/CAE结合起来,实现电梯产品的自动建模和结构力学分析,将会是一大进步。
本课题是以苏州快速电梯公司的SUPEX梯型轿顶作为研究对象,结合产品现有BOM生产体系,充分运用了Pro/Engineer及其二次开发工具Pro/Program、Pro/Toolkit、Family Table等功能,通过引入基于特征的参数化建模思想,详细地分析了轿顶参数化模板的创建过程,然后将零件基本信息和材料属性集成到模型数据库中,使用VBA语言调用数据库的信息,输出BOM；最后,利用ANSYS结构分析模块对参数化后的轿顶结构做了结构力学分析,对强度不符合要求的零部件提出了可行的修改方案,重新拟定设计参数,反馈给电梯参数化设计平台,快速生成满足强度要求的电梯产品,从而实现了CAD/CAE相结合的电梯产品自动建模和结构力学分析的设计理念。
To use the Pro/E parametric platform to set the parametric model of the overall framework of the product structure, summarized the parametric modeling methods of parts, components, and frequently asked questions in the process of the parametric model, saved time for the smooth implementation of parametric design, it can quickly transform the designer's design intent into 3D model, then parametric modify the unreasonable formulas and sizes, the final product mix will change the overall framework for the actual needs of the product, provide a powerful means of improving the efficiency of product design, gain time to win the market share, shorten the product development cycle largely, and increase productivity. At the same time, at present the domestic ceiling's structure is single, the check of ceiling's strength often use experiential formula, the development of new products also using the same experiential formula often make greater error, unable to meet changing market demand, in the use of ANSYS structural analysis module to analysis the structural mechanics of parametric model, it is able to greatly enhance the safety and reliability of Elevator products, shorten the time of checking largely, to a great extent shorten the time of the product putting into production, save a lot of human material and financial resources. Finally, it can reduce the cost of the product. If combine CAD/CAE to achieve the automatic modeling and analysis of structural mechanics, it will be a big step forward.
This topic does the research on the SUPEX trapezoid ceiling of Suzhou Jiangnan Express Elevator Company, combining the products existing BOM production system, takes full advantage of Pro/Engineer and the second development tools Pro/Program, Pro/Toolkit, Family Table. By the thinking of introducing feature based parametric modeling, pick-up the information of database using VBA language, the output BOM. Finally, in the use of ANSYS structural analysis module to analysis the strength of structural mechanics of parametric ceiling model. The parts which strength does not meet the requirements are proposed the feasible amend, afresh study out design parameters, feedback to the design parameters of the lift platform, rapid generation to meet strength requirements of the elevator products, combine CAD/CAE to achieve the automatic modeling and analysis of structural mechanics.
本课题是以苏州快速电梯公司的SUPEX梯型轿顶作为研究对象,结合产品现有BOM生产体系,充分运用了Pro/Engineer及其二次开发工具Pro/Program、Pro/Toolkit、Family Table等功能,通过引入基于特征的参数化建模思想,详细地分析了轿顶参数化模板的创建过程,然后将零件基本信息和材料属性集成到模型数据库中,使用VBA语言调用数据库的信息,输出BOM；最后,利用ANSYS结构分析模块对参数化后的轿顶结构做了结构力学分析,对强度不符合要求的零部件提出了可行的修改方案,重新拟定设计参数,反馈给电梯参数化设计平台,快速生成满足强度要求的电梯产品,从而实现了CAD/CAE相结合的电梯产品自动建模和结构力学分析的设计理念。
To use the Pro/E parametric platform to set the parametric model of the overall framework of the product structure, summarized the parametric modeling methods of parts, components, and frequently asked questions in the process of the parametric model, saved time for the smooth implementation of parametric design, it can quickly transform the designer's design intent into 3D model, then parametric modify the unreasonable formulas and sizes, the final product mix will change the overall framework for the actual needs of the product, provide a powerful means of improving the efficiency of product design, gain time to win the market share, shorten the product development cycle largely, and increase productivity. At the same time, at present the domestic ceiling's structure is single, the check of ceiling's strength often use experiential formula, the development of new products also using the same experiential formula often make greater error, unable to meet changing market demand, in the use of ANSYS structural analysis module to analysis the structural mechanics of parametric model, it is able to greatly enhance the safety and reliability of Elevator products, shorten the time of checking largely, to a great extent shorten the time of the product putting into production, save a lot of human material and financial resources. Finally, it can reduce the cost of the product. If combine CAD/CAE to achieve the automatic modeling and analysis of structural mechanics, it will be a big step forward.
This topic does the research on the SUPEX trapezoid ceiling of Suzhou Jiangnan Express Elevator Company, combining the products existing BOM production system, takes full advantage of Pro/Engineer and the second development tools Pro/Program, Pro/Toolkit, Family Table. By the thinking of introducing feature based parametric modeling, pick-up the information of database using VBA language, the output BOM. Finally, in the use of ANSYS structural analysis module to analysis the strength of structural mechanics of parametric ceiling model. The parts which strength does not meet the requirements are proposed the feasible amend, afresh study out design parameters, feedback to the design parameters of the lift platform, rapid generation to meet strength requirements of the elevator products, combine CAD/CAE to achieve the automatic modeling and analysis of structural mechanics.
引文
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3.何煜琛.Pro/ENGINEER野火中文版建模基础技术[M],北京：清华大学出版社,2004.
4.林建冬,原思聪,郑建校.基于Pro/E与ANSYS的CAD/CAE数据交换方法研究[J],工程机械,2007,38(8)：32-36.
5.傅中裕,杨晓京.ANSYS与Pro/ENGINEER之间模型数据转换的研究[J],机电工程技术,2005,34(2)：51-53.
6.叶安丽.电梯技术基础[M],北京：中国电子出版社,2004.
7.刘连昆等.电梯安全技术——结构·标准·故障排除·事故分析[M],北京：机械工业出版社,2003.
8.丁立强.曳引电梯动态特性研究及其仿真平台[D],杭州：浙江大学,2005.
9.吴国政.电梯原理·使用·维修[M],北京：电子工业出版社,1999.
10.张远永.CJMS环境下CAD的应用与开发[J],计算机辅助设计与制造,2000(8)：14-15.
11.赖朝安等.Pro/E二次开发关键技术[J],机械设计与制造工程,2001(1)：43-45.
12.朱琦琦.基于Pro/TOOLKIT的回转体零件三维自动建模技术研究[D],昆明：昆明理工大学,2005.
13.廖敏.基于图形元素特征参数的参数化设计方法[J],四川工业学院学报,2001(3)：5-7.
14.何援军.基于参数化零部件的自动装配设计[J],计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001(11)：1008—1011.
15.张峰.参数化设计的研究现状与发展趋势[J],机械工程师,2002(1)：13-15.
16. Zheng Ling, Deng Zhaoxiang, Li Yinong. Parametric design of an electrorheological shock absorber with the mixed-mode, Journal of Chongqing University-Eng.Ed,2003(2):16-19.
17.赖朝安.Pro/E与MFC的接口开发及自动建模技术研究[J],计算机应用,2001(3)：41-43.
18.姚剑峰.三维参数化特征库的研究与实现[J],机械设计与研究,2002(1)：38—39.
19.黄安贻,吴海涛.Pro/E二次开发关键技术研究[J],机械工人,2006(11)：81-83.
20.何培英,李月琴.基于Pro/Toolkit的Pro/E二次开发及应用[J],机械设计与制造,2005(4)：35—37.
21.张继春.Pro/ENGINEER二次开发实用教程[M],北京：北京大学出版社2003.
22.房丽娜,郭培全.Pro/E的二次开发与应用[J],济南大学学报,2007,21(2)：157-160.
23.侯永涛,顾寄南.Pro/E二次开发的菜单及用户界面技术[J],机械与电子,2003(3)：72-74.
24.宋满仓,张俊河.Pro/E二次开发的UI对话框技术[J],现代机械,2006(1)：49-50.
25.吴卓,赵国霞,丁志磊.基于Pro/E二次开发参数化技术的研究与应用[J],工程机械,2006(6)：4-6.
26.黄军,胡晓兵,唐军.基于Pro/Engineer三维参数化模型的自动建模设计[J],现代机械,2006(1)：44-45.
27.张亚双,任文涛.基于Pro/E的三维参数化特征建模技术研究及应用[J],农机化研究,2006(3)：151-153.
28.王三武,刘坤,马书恒.基于Pro/Engineer的组件参数化建模[J],机械传动,2006,30(3)：40-41.
29. Jiang Yan, Wang Rui. Parametric design of mannequins for virtual try-on system [J], Computer-Aided Industrial Design and Conceptual Design,2006 (17): 1-6.
30. Tong Jinsong, Cai Qing. Parametric design with intelligence configuration analysis mechanism [J], Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation,1993 (1):570-574.
31. G.N. Koini, S.S.Sarakinos, I.K.Nikolos. Parametric Design of Turbomachinery Blades [J], Computer as a Tool,2005 (1):539-542.
32.乔小燕,傅旻,王军.基于Pro/E二次开发的冲模零件参数化设计[J],模具工业,2007,33(12)：8-12.
33.郭运波,路长厚.Pro/E二次开发技术的方法研究[J],现代机械,2007(6)：44-46.
34.赖朝安,李振南,孙延明,徐学军,郑时雄.Pro/E二次开发的关键技术[J], 机械设计与制造工程,2001,30(1)：43-45.
35.张继春,罗念宁.一种Pro/E二次开发的新方法[J],机床与液压,2006(12)：212-218.
36.唐义平.基于Pro/E二次开发农业机械CAD系统的研究[J],福建农机,2007(2)：30-32.
37. Wei Xue, Jing Wang, Tianhong Cui. Modeling and design of polymer-based tunneling accelerometers by ANSYS/MATLAB [J], Mechatronics,10(4):468-472.
38. Sun Yuantao, Wang Shaomei. Ansys second development method and application in computer aided engineering [J], Computer-Aided Industrial Design and Conceptual Design,2006(6-7):1-3.
39. Wei Zhang, Shouzhi Li, Feng Gao. The modeling and simulations of the circuit element based on finite element methods [J], Vehicular Electronics and Safety, 2005 (10):257-260.
40.王强,赵喜荣,赵鹏,刘星安,姚三刚.基于Pro/E与ANSYS的盾构刀盘虚拟样机优化设计系统开发[J],矿山机械,2007,35(6)：57-60.
41.李拔周,徐长生.基于ANSYS的100t龙门起重机结构有限元分析[J],起重运输机械,2008(3)：12-14.
42.孙军艳,曹西京,张锁怀.基于ANSYS的堆垛机结构强度分析[J],研究·设计,2007(3)：51-54.
43.胡伟,刘刚,周于海.基于ANSYS的甲板起重机主结构有限元分析[J],武汉理工大学学报,2007,31(1)：176-179.
44.张进国,程晓辉,孙敬宜.基于ANSYS的汽车车架结构有限元分析[J],拖拉机于农用运输车,2006,33(5)：63-64.
45.王春华,桑盛远,朱殿烨.基于ANSYS的液压支架结构有限元分析[J],煤矿机械,2008,29(2)：58-60.
46.颜京磊,马金奎.PRO/E参数化设计和ANSYS有限元分析在变压器吊耳设计中的应用[J],变压器,2007,44(12)：11-12.
2.博嘉科技.有限元分析软件—ANSYS融会贯通[M],北京：中国水利水电出版社,2002.
3.何煜琛.Pro/ENGINEER野火中文版建模基础技术[M],北京：清华大学出版社,2004.
4.林建冬,原思聪,郑建校.基于Pro/E与ANSYS的CAD/CAE数据交换方法研究[J],工程机械,2007,38(8)：32-36.
5.傅中裕,杨晓京.ANSYS与Pro/ENGINEER之间模型数据转换的研究[J],机电工程技术,2005,34(2)：51-53.
6.叶安丽.电梯技术基础[M],北京：中国电子出版社,2004.
7.刘连昆等.电梯安全技术——结构·标准·故障排除·事故分析[M],北京：机械工业出版社,2003.
8.丁立强.曳引电梯动态特性研究及其仿真平台[D],杭州：浙江大学,2005.
9.吴国政.电梯原理·使用·维修[M],北京：电子工业出版社,1999.
10.张远永.CJMS环境下CAD的应用与开发[J],计算机辅助设计与制造,2000(8)：14-15.
11.赖朝安等.Pro/E二次开发关键技术[J],机械设计与制造工程,2001(1)：43-45.
12.朱琦琦.基于Pro/TOOLKIT的回转体零件三维自动建模技术研究[D],昆明：昆明理工大学,2005.
13.廖敏.基于图形元素特征参数的参数化设计方法[J],四川工业学院学报,2001(3)：5-7.
14.何援军.基于参数化零部件的自动装配设计[J],计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001(11)：1008—1011.
15.张峰.参数化设计的研究现状与发展趋势[J],机械工程师,2002(1)：13-15.
16. Zheng Ling, Deng Zhaoxiang, Li Yinong. Parametric design of an electrorheological shock absorber with the mixed-mode, Journal of Chongqing University-Eng.Ed,2003(2):16-19.
17.赖朝安.Pro/E与MFC的接口开发及自动建模技术研究[J],计算机应用,2001(3)：41-43.
18.姚剑峰.三维参数化特征库的研究与实现[J],机械设计与研究,2002(1)：38—39.
19.黄安贻,吴海涛.Pro/E二次开发关键技术研究[J],机械工人,2006(11)：81-83.
20.何培英,李月琴.基于Pro/Toolkit的Pro/E二次开发及应用[J],机械设计与制造,2005(4)：35—37.
21.张继春.Pro/ENGINEER二次开发实用教程[M],北京：北京大学出版社2003.
22.房丽娜,郭培全.Pro/E的二次开发与应用[J],济南大学学报,2007,21(2)：157-160.
23.侯永涛,顾寄南.Pro/E二次开发的菜单及用户界面技术[J],机械与电子,2003(3)：72-74.
24.宋满仓,张俊河.Pro/E二次开发的UI对话框技术[J],现代机械,2006(1)：49-50.
25.吴卓,赵国霞,丁志磊.基于Pro/E二次开发参数化技术的研究与应用[J],工程机械,2006(6)：4-6.
26.黄军,胡晓兵,唐军.基于Pro/Engineer三维参数化模型的自动建模设计[J],现代机械,2006(1)：44-45.
27.张亚双,任文涛.基于Pro/E的三维参数化特征建模技术研究及应用[J],农机化研究,2006(3)：151-153.
28.王三武,刘坤,马书恒.基于Pro/Engineer的组件参数化建模[J],机械传动,2006,30(3)：40-41.
29. Jiang Yan, Wang Rui. Parametric design of mannequins for virtual try-on system [J], Computer-Aided Industrial Design and Conceptual Design,2006 (17): 1-6.
30. Tong Jinsong, Cai Qing. Parametric design with intelligence configuration analysis mechanism [J], Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation,1993 (1):570-574.
31. G.N. Koini, S.S.Sarakinos, I.K.Nikolos. Parametric Design of Turbomachinery Blades [J], Computer as a Tool,2005 (1):539-542.
32.乔小燕,傅旻,王军.基于Pro/E二次开发的冲模零件参数化设计[J],模具工业,2007,33(12)：8-12.
33.郭运波,路长厚.Pro/E二次开发技术的方法研究[J],现代机械,2007(6)：44-46.
34.赖朝安,李振南,孙延明,徐学军,郑时雄.Pro/E二次开发的关键技术[J], 机械设计与制造工程,2001,30(1)：43-45.
35.张继春,罗念宁.一种Pro/E二次开发的新方法[J],机床与液压,2006(12)：212-218.
36.唐义平.基于Pro/E二次开发农业机械CAD系统的研究[J],福建农机,2007(2)：30-32.
37. Wei Xue, Jing Wang, Tianhong Cui. Modeling and design of polymer-based tunneling accelerometers by ANSYS/MATLAB [J], Mechatronics,10(4):468-472.
38. Sun Yuantao, Wang Shaomei. Ansys second development method and application in computer aided engineering [J], Computer-Aided Industrial Design and Conceptual Design,2006(6-7):1-3.
39. Wei Zhang, Shouzhi Li, Feng Gao. The modeling and simulations of the circuit element based on finite element methods [J], Vehicular Electronics and Safety, 2005 (10):257-260.
40.王强,赵喜荣,赵鹏,刘星安,姚三刚.基于Pro/E与ANSYS的盾构刀盘虚拟样机优化设计系统开发[J],矿山机械,2007,35(6)：57-60.
41.李拔周,徐长生.基于ANSYS的100t龙门起重机结构有限元分析[J],起重运输机械,2008(3)：12-14.
42.孙军艳,曹西京,张锁怀.基于ANSYS的堆垛机结构强度分析[J],研究·设计,2007(3)：51-54.
43.胡伟,刘刚,周于海.基于ANSYS的甲板起重机主结构有限元分析[J],武汉理工大学学报,2007,31(1)：176-179.
44.张进国,程晓辉,孙敬宜.基于ANSYS的汽车车架结构有限元分析[J],拖拉机于农用运输车,2006,33(5)：63-64.
45.王春华,桑盛远,朱殿烨.基于ANSYS的液压支架结构有限元分析[J],煤矿机械,2008,29(2)：58-60.
46.颜京磊,马金奎.PRO/E参数化设计和ANSYS有限元分析在变压器吊耳设计中的应用[J],变压器,2007,44(12)：11-12.