改性乳化沥青的制备及性能
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摘要
本文论述了国内外乳化沥青及改性乳化沥青的发展过程、研究与应用;介绍了乳化沥青的形成和乳化机理、稳定机理、制备技术及配套技术进展;分析了改性乳化沥青的配伍性和储存稳定性,筛选出符合要求且性能优良的制备材料;考察了乳化剂种类及剂量、改性剂、pH值、稳定剂等重要因素对改性乳化沥青蒸发残留物性质及储存稳定性的影响规律。
选用丁苯(SBR)胶乳为改性剂,分别筛选了三种不同的乳化剂及稳定剂制备SBR改性乳化沥青,对制备SBR改性乳化沥青性能的影响因素进行了考察,并测试了SBR改性乳化沥青的各项性能指标。结果表明,采用二次热混合工艺,乳化溶液pH值5～6,油温120℃,水温60℃的条件下,以B乳化剂1.0%,SBR胶乳3%(干基),氯化铵0.2%的组分配合比,制备的改性乳化沥青达到交通部JTGF40-2004的质量要求。通过制备的普通乳化沥青和SBR改性乳化沥青的各项性能指标对比,发现SBR改性乳化沥青的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、弹性、粘结性均优于普通乳化沥青的相应性能。
以复合乳化剂制备了符合规范要求的SBR改性乳化沥青,论证了采用复合乳化剂可节约乳化剂的用量,提高生产经济效益。实验证明,采用B和A复合乳化剂,复配比例3:1时,可节省乳化剂用量约30%。制备了强渗透改性乳化沥青,研究了该材料的渗透深度,讨论了其作为透层油时所带来的经济效益。结果表明,该强渗透型沥青乳液的渗透深度可达到5～10mm,而普通乳液的渗透深度仅1～2mm。
在以上研究基础上,对强渗透型沥青乳液进行改良,制备了两种雾封层材料。通过雾封层技术现场工程实验对比,发现这两种材料的渗透力较强,施工后其渗透深度可以达到约6mm,均能粘结道路松散集料,改善路面外观,路面施工质量明显提高,防止路面水的渗入,减少水损坏,施工后路面的渗水系数可降低约70%,而路面的摩擦系数仅下降了约10%。
The paper discusses the progress of asphalt emulsion, research and applications. The general introduction were given about the preparation of asphalt emulsion, emulsified mechanism, stable mechanism and so on. This paper also analyzes the compatibility and storage stability of modified emulsified asphalt, selected to meet the need of materials. According to the related tests, it is found that the type and dosage of emulsifier, modifier, pH value, and other factors have important influnce on the storage stability of the emulsion.
SBR modified emulsified asphalt were prepared through the use of SBR latex as modifiers, meanwhile three different types of emulsifiers and stabilizers were selected respectively. The influence factors of preparation were investigated. The results showed: by process of emulsion at the same time and modification, when the pH of emulsion 5～6, asphalt temperature 120℃, the water temperature 60℃, the components mix of B emulsifier 1.0%, SBR latex 3%(asphalt), ammonium chloride 0.2%, the quality of the prepared modified emulsified asphalt could meet the requirements of ministry. High temperature stability, low temperature facture resistance, elasticity and bond property of modified emulsified asphalt are proved beter than relevant performance of common emulsified asphalt.
By composites emulsifier SBR modified asphalt emulsion to comply with regulatory requirements were prepared. Through the use of B and A compound emulsifier, the ratio of 3:1 mixtures, the amount of emulsifier can be saved about 30%. The paper also produced the strong penetration of Asphalt emulsion. Strong penetration of asphalt emulsion can reach the penetration depth of 5～10mm, and an ordinary emulsion only 1～2mm.
Based on the above research, the paper produced the two types of fog seal materials by the further improvement of strong penetration of asphalt emulsion.Through the comparative study of engineering experimental, the two materials can be found to prevent infiltration of surface water, reduce water damage, bond loosely aggregates. After construction the two materials can be achieved penetration depth of about 6mm, road seepage coefficient can reduce about 70%, and the friction coefficient decreased by only about 10%.
选用丁苯(SBR)胶乳为改性剂,分别筛选了三种不同的乳化剂及稳定剂制备SBR改性乳化沥青,对制备SBR改性乳化沥青性能的影响因素进行了考察,并测试了SBR改性乳化沥青的各项性能指标。结果表明,采用二次热混合工艺,乳化溶液pH值5～6,油温120℃,水温60℃的条件下,以B乳化剂1.0%,SBR胶乳3%(干基),氯化铵0.2%的组分配合比,制备的改性乳化沥青达到交通部JTGF40-2004的质量要求。通过制备的普通乳化沥青和SBR改性乳化沥青的各项性能指标对比,发现SBR改性乳化沥青的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、弹性、粘结性均优于普通乳化沥青的相应性能。
以复合乳化剂制备了符合规范要求的SBR改性乳化沥青,论证了采用复合乳化剂可节约乳化剂的用量,提高生产经济效益。实验证明,采用B和A复合乳化剂,复配比例3:1时,可节省乳化剂用量约30%。制备了强渗透改性乳化沥青,研究了该材料的渗透深度,讨论了其作为透层油时所带来的经济效益。结果表明,该强渗透型沥青乳液的渗透深度可达到5～10mm,而普通乳液的渗透深度仅1～2mm。
在以上研究基础上,对强渗透型沥青乳液进行改良,制备了两种雾封层材料。通过雾封层技术现场工程实验对比,发现这两种材料的渗透力较强,施工后其渗透深度可以达到约6mm,均能粘结道路松散集料,改善路面外观,路面施工质量明显提高,防止路面水的渗入,减少水损坏,施工后路面的渗水系数可降低约70%,而路面的摩擦系数仅下降了约10%。
The paper discusses the progress of asphalt emulsion, research and applications. The general introduction were given about the preparation of asphalt emulsion, emulsified mechanism, stable mechanism and so on. This paper also analyzes the compatibility and storage stability of modified emulsified asphalt, selected to meet the need of materials. According to the related tests, it is found that the type and dosage of emulsifier, modifier, pH value, and other factors have important influnce on the storage stability of the emulsion.
SBR modified emulsified asphalt were prepared through the use of SBR latex as modifiers, meanwhile three different types of emulsifiers and stabilizers were selected respectively. The influence factors of preparation were investigated. The results showed: by process of emulsion at the same time and modification, when the pH of emulsion 5～6, asphalt temperature 120℃, the water temperature 60℃, the components mix of B emulsifier 1.0%, SBR latex 3%(asphalt), ammonium chloride 0.2%, the quality of the prepared modified emulsified asphalt could meet the requirements of ministry. High temperature stability, low temperature facture resistance, elasticity and bond property of modified emulsified asphalt are proved beter than relevant performance of common emulsified asphalt.
By composites emulsifier SBR modified asphalt emulsion to comply with regulatory requirements were prepared. Through the use of B and A compound emulsifier, the ratio of 3:1 mixtures, the amount of emulsifier can be saved about 30%. The paper also produced the strong penetration of Asphalt emulsion. Strong penetration of asphalt emulsion can reach the penetration depth of 5～10mm, and an ordinary emulsion only 1～2mm.
Based on the above research, the paper produced the two types of fog seal materials by the further improvement of strong penetration of asphalt emulsion.Through the comparative study of engineering experimental, the two materials can be found to prevent infiltration of surface water, reduce water damage, bond loosely aggregates. After construction the two materials can be achieved penetration depth of about 6mm, road seepage coefficient can reduce about 70%, and the friction coefficient decreased by only about 10%.
引文
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[15]何会成,杨奇竹,吴扩怀.乳化改性沥青和改性乳化沥青对比试验[J].石油沥青,2007,21(4):22-24。
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