半胱胺盐酸盐对高温季节高产奶牛生产性能的影响
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摘要
本文目的在于寻求缓解高温季节奶牛热应激的新途径。系列一 半胱胺盐酸盐对高温季节泌乳后期奶牛生产性能和内分泌的影响：试验采用泌乳后期荷斯坦奶牛96头，根据热应激期前的产奶量(M)划分4个产量组，每组再划分为半胱胺盐酸盐处理(CSC，n=49)，泌乳中期曾接受(CSC)与对照(n=47)。试验期(2个月)内牛舍温湿指数(THI)高于76，奶牛处于热应激状态。与对照相比，第一产量组(M＜24 kg／d)CSC奶牛体温降低(P＜0.05)。常乳、标准乳及饲料转化效率提高(P＜0.05)、乳脂率增加(P＜0.05)，乳蛋白量倾向增加(0.05＜P＜0.15)；体细胞数趋于降低(0.05＜P＜0.15)。所有参试奶牛(n=49)血清中胰岛素浓度显著提高(P＜0.01)，T_3、T_4浓度有降低趋势(0.05＜P＜0.15)。系列二 半胱胺盐酸盐对高温季节泌乳中期奶牛生产性能和内分泌的影响：试验选用30头泌乳中期荷斯坦奶牛，根据热应激前1周平均产奶量，将牛群分为对照(n=15)和半胱胺盐酸盐处理(CSC，n=15)两个组，CSC组每日添加半胱胺盐酸盐30g／d·head，对照组以常规饲喂方法饲喂，不添加半胱胺盐酸盐。试验期(2个月)内牛舍平均温湿指数(THI)高于79，奶牛处于严重热应激状态。结果表明，CSC组奶牛标准乳、乳脂提高(P＜0.05)，常乳、饲料转化效率倾向增加；血清中T_3水平降低(P＜0.05)，T_4有降低趋势(0.05＜P＜0.15)，表明半胱胺盐酸盐对高温季节泌乳中期奶牛具有同样的作用效果。上述结果表明，半胱胺盐酸盐改善高温季节高产奶牛奶产量和乳品质，提高饲料利用效率，其影响机理可能是经过胰岛素、T_3、T_4等内分泌激素和生长轴介导的。
The objectives of the present study were to reveal the effects of cysteamine compound on performances and endocrine hormones of lactating cow during hot summer, and look for new solution to relieve heat stress of lactating dairy cow. Series I : Effects of cysteamine compound on performances of late lactating cow during hot summer: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cysteamine compound (Lactonin)on milk production of late lactating cows during hot summer when the temperature humility index (THI) was higher than 76 and cows were suffered from heat stress. In this experiment 96 black and white dairy cows at late-lactation(210 d postpartum) was assigned into 4 groups (G), based on milk yield (M) prior to the experiment (Gl<24, 2432 kg/d). Each group was further divided into subgroups of cysteamine treatment (CSC, n= 49) and Control (n=47). In CSC of G1 the rectal temperature decreased (P<0.05)however milk yield, fat-corrected milk, milk fat and feed conversion rate (F
CR) increased (P<0.05). These were companied with trendy (0.05
on the level of production prior to treatment .Cows at low pretrement production increased milk and FCM yields to a greater degree than did cows at higher production.
The objectives of the present study were to reveal the effects of cysteamine compound on performances and endocrine hormones of lactating cow during hot summer, and look for new solution to relieve heat stress of lactating dairy cow. Series I : Effects of cysteamine compound on performances of late lactating cow during hot summer: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cysteamine compound (Lactonin)on milk production of late lactating cows during hot summer when the temperature humility index (THI) was higher than 76 and cows were suffered from heat stress. In this experiment 96 black and white dairy cows at late-lactation(210 d postpartum) was assigned into 4 groups (G), based on milk yield (M) prior to the experiment (Gl<24, 24
CR) increased (P<0.05). These were companied with trendy (0.05
on the level of production prior to treatment .Cows at low pretrement production increased milk and FCM yields to a greater degree than did cows at higher production.
引文
1. Bauman DE, Eppard PJ, DeGeeter MJ. Responses of high-producing dairy cows to long-term treatment with pituitary somatotrOpin and mmbinant somatotropin [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1985.68:1352.
2. Burton JH, MacLeod G.K, McBride JL, Burton K, Bateman I, Eggert RG.. Overall efficacy of chronically adndnistmdbovine somatotropi(?) to lactating dairy cows [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1990. 73:2157.
3. Elvinger F, Head HH, Wilcox CJ, Natzke RP, Eggert RG. Effects of administration of bovine somatotropin on milk yield and composition [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1988.71:1515.
4. Soderholm CG., Otterby DE,. Linn JG, Ehle PR, Wheaton IE, Hansen WP, hex stad RI.. Effects of rccombiiant bovine somatotropin on milk production, body composition, and physiological parameters [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1988.71:355.
5. West JW, Bondari K, Johnson JC. Effects of bovine somatotropin on milk yield and composition. body weight, and condition score of Holstein and Jersey cows [J]. Dairy Sci. 1990.73:1062.
6. McGuffey RK, Wilkinson JI. Nutritional implications of bovine somatotropin for the lactating dairy cow [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1991.74 Suppl 2:63-71.
7. Chilliard Y. Roles and mechanisms of action of somatotropin (growth hormone) in lactating ruminants [J]Reprod Nutr Dev. 1988.28(1):39-59.
8. Adriaens FA, Miller MA, Hard DL, Weller RF, Hale MD, Collier RJ. Long-term effects of sometribove in lactating cows during a fourth consecutive lactation of treatment: insulin and somatotropin responses to glucose infusion [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1992.75(2):472-480.
9．马毅，马勇江，胡宝利，王桂瑛．奶牛泌乳调控研究进展[J]．甘肃畜牧兽医．156：27-29
10. Dahl GE, Chapin LT, Zinn SA, Moseley WM, Schwartz TR, Tucker HA. 1990 .Sixty-day infusions of somatotropin-releasing factor stimulate milk production in dairy cows. [J].J Dairy Sci. 2001. 73(9):2444-52
11 Kazmer GW, Zinn SA, Strausbaught LD. Short communication:.growth hormone response to somatostatin-28 and growth hormone-releasing factor in dairy heifers [J]. J Dairy Sci. 2000 83(10):2282.
12 Miki N, Ono M, Shizume K..Withdrawal of endogenous somatostatin induces secretion of growth hormone-releasing factor in rats [J]. Endocrinol. 1988 117(2):245-52
13 Dawson JM, Soar JB Buttery PJ, Craigon J, et al. The effect of immunization against somatostatin and β-agonist administration alone and in combination on growth and carcass composition in young steers [J]. J Anim Sci, 1997.64:37-51.
14 Quevedo-Corona L, Franco-Colin M. 3, 5, 3' - Triiodothyronine administered to rat dams during lactation increases milk yield and triglyceride concentration and hastens pups growth. [J]. Life Sci. 2000.66(21):2013-21.
15 Davis SR, Collier RJ, McNamara JP. Effects of thyroxine and growth hormone treatment of dairy
66(1):80-9
16 Davis SR, Collier RJ, McNamara JP. 1988. Effects of thyroxine and growth hormone treatment of dairy cows on milk yield, cardiac output and mammary blood flow. [J] Anim Sci. 66(1):70-9
17 Shin SH, Hanna SF, Hong M, Jhamandas K. 1990.Reexamination of doparnine as the prolactin-release inhibiting factor (PIF): supplementary agent may be required for dopamine to function as the physiological PIE Can [J] Physiol Pharmacol. 68 (9) : 1226-30.
18 Shin SH, Chang A, Ross GM. 1997.Dopamine requires ascorbic acid to be the prolactin release-inhibiting factor. Am [J] Physiol. 273(3):E593-8
19 Ralph R, Robert J, Albert J, william C, Robert Jeness.Bruce L.Allen H.1985.Lactation. In:Bruce L. Larson. ( Editor ) .Composed and printed by The Iowa State University Press, pp.39-69
2. Burton JH, MacLeod G.K, McBride JL, Burton K, Bateman I, Eggert RG.. Overall efficacy of chronically adndnistmdbovine somatotropi(?) to lactating dairy cows [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1990. 73:2157.
3. Elvinger F, Head HH, Wilcox CJ, Natzke RP, Eggert RG. Effects of administration of bovine somatotropin on milk yield and composition [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1988.71:1515.
4. Soderholm CG., Otterby DE,. Linn JG, Ehle PR, Wheaton IE, Hansen WP, hex stad RI.. Effects of rccombiiant bovine somatotropin on milk production, body composition, and physiological parameters [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1988.71:355.
5. West JW, Bondari K, Johnson JC. Effects of bovine somatotropin on milk yield and composition. body weight, and condition score of Holstein and Jersey cows [J]. Dairy Sci. 1990.73:1062.
6. McGuffey RK, Wilkinson JI. Nutritional implications of bovine somatotropin for the lactating dairy cow [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1991.74 Suppl 2:63-71.
7. Chilliard Y. Roles and mechanisms of action of somatotropin (growth hormone) in lactating ruminants [J]Reprod Nutr Dev. 1988.28(1):39-59.
8. Adriaens FA, Miller MA, Hard DL, Weller RF, Hale MD, Collier RJ. Long-term effects of sometribove in lactating cows during a fourth consecutive lactation of treatment: insulin and somatotropin responses to glucose infusion [J]. J Dairy Sci. 1992.75(2):472-480.
9．马毅，马勇江，胡宝利，王桂瑛．奶牛泌乳调控研究进展[J]．甘肃畜牧兽医．156：27-29
10. Dahl GE, Chapin LT, Zinn SA, Moseley WM, Schwartz TR, Tucker HA. 1990 .Sixty-day infusions of somatotropin-releasing factor stimulate milk production in dairy cows. [J].J Dairy Sci. 2001. 73(9):2444-52
11 Kazmer GW, Zinn SA, Strausbaught LD. Short communication:.growth hormone response to somatostatin-28 and growth hormone-releasing factor in dairy heifers [J]. J Dairy Sci. 2000 83(10):2282.
12 Miki N, Ono M, Shizume K..Withdrawal of endogenous somatostatin induces secretion of growth hormone-releasing factor in rats [J]. Endocrinol. 1988 117(2):245-52
13 Dawson JM, Soar JB Buttery PJ, Craigon J, et al. The effect of immunization against somatostatin and β-agonist administration alone and in combination on growth and carcass composition in young steers [J]. J Anim Sci, 1997.64:37-51.
14 Quevedo-Corona L, Franco-Colin M. 3, 5, 3' - Triiodothyronine administered to rat dams during lactation increases milk yield and triglyceride concentration and hastens pups growth. [J]. Life Sci. 2000.66(21):2013-21.
15 Davis SR, Collier RJ, McNamara JP. Effects of thyroxine and growth hormone treatment of dairy
66(1):80-9
16 Davis SR, Collier RJ, McNamara JP. 1988. Effects of thyroxine and growth hormone treatment of dairy cows on milk yield, cardiac output and mammary blood flow. [J] Anim Sci. 66(1):70-9
17 Shin SH, Hanna SF, Hong M, Jhamandas K. 1990.Reexamination of doparnine as the prolactin-release inhibiting factor (PIF): supplementary agent may be required for dopamine to function as the physiological PIE Can [J] Physiol Pharmacol. 68 (9) : 1226-30.
18 Shin SH, Chang A, Ross GM. 1997.Dopamine requires ascorbic acid to be the prolactin release-inhibiting factor. Am [J] Physiol. 273(3):E593-8
19 Ralph R, Robert J, Albert J, william C, Robert Jeness.Bruce L.Allen H.1985.Lactation. In:Bruce L. Larson. ( Editor ) .Composed and printed by The Iowa State University Press, pp.39-69