鸡传染性喉气管炎油乳剂灭活苗的研究
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摘要
本试验首先比较研究了ILTV-王岗株和ILTV-NM98a株在鸡胚和鸡胚
肾细胞上的增殖特性。研究结果表明，同一毒株经鸡胚培养要好于鸡胚
肾细胞培养；经鸡胚培养，ILTV-NM98a的病毒量要略高于ILTV-王岗株。
然后，以ILTV-NM98a为种毒，分别用甲醛和二乙烯亚胺(BEI)灭活后，
制备出两种油乳剂灭活苗。经检验这两种疫苗的物理性状和无菌性均合
格，大剂量接种1日龄雏鸡未见不良反应，安全可靠。以0.5ml/只的剂
量接种80日龄蛋鸡，可产生良好免疫效果。与商品弱毒疫苗相比，两种
灭活疫苗免疫鸡血清抗体滴度较高，BEI苗比甲醛苗激发的抗体滴度更
高。攻毒试验结果显示弱毒疫苗的平均保护率最高为76.7%，BEI苗为
73.3%，而甲醛苗只有53.3%。
This research compared two strains of infectious laryngotracheitis
virus (ILTV),ILTV-wanggang strain and ILTVNM98a strain,based on the
culture on the kidney cells of chicken embryo and in embryonating
chicken eggs.As far as the same strain was concerned,the content of the
viruses growing in embryonating chicken eggs was more than or as much
as on the kidney cells.the virus content of ILTV~NM9ga strain cultured in
embryonating eggs was a little more than that of ILTV-wanggang
strain.In the experiment of inactivating virus,both formaling and
biethyleneimine(BEI) could inactivate ILTV very well.but after chicken
were vaccined by the formaling inactivated vaccine,both their serum
antibody titer and their protection against virulent ILTV were less than
that vaccined by the BEI inactivated vaccine.When compared with live
attenuated vaccine,the formaling inactivated vaccine and the BEI
inactivated vaccine could induct higher serum antibody titer but produce
less protective ratio.Protective ratio of live attenuated vaccine was
76.7%,the BEI inactivated vaccine was 73.3% and formaling inactivated
vaccine was 53.3%.
肾细胞上的增殖特性。研究结果表明，同一毒株经鸡胚培养要好于鸡胚
肾细胞培养；经鸡胚培养，ILTV-NM98a的病毒量要略高于ILTV-王岗株。
然后，以ILTV-NM98a为种毒，分别用甲醛和二乙烯亚胺(BEI)灭活后，
制备出两种油乳剂灭活苗。经检验这两种疫苗的物理性状和无菌性均合
格，大剂量接种1日龄雏鸡未见不良反应，安全可靠。以0.5ml/只的剂
量接种80日龄蛋鸡，可产生良好免疫效果。与商品弱毒疫苗相比，两种
灭活疫苗免疫鸡血清抗体滴度较高，BEI苗比甲醛苗激发的抗体滴度更
高。攻毒试验结果显示弱毒疫苗的平均保护率最高为76.7%，BEI苗为
73.3%，而甲醛苗只有53.3%。
This research compared two strains of infectious laryngotracheitis
virus (ILTV),ILTV-wanggang strain and ILTVNM98a strain,based on the
culture on the kidney cells of chicken embryo and in embryonating
chicken eggs.As far as the same strain was concerned,the content of the
viruses growing in embryonating chicken eggs was more than or as much
as on the kidney cells.the virus content of ILTV~NM9ga strain cultured in
embryonating eggs was a little more than that of ILTV-wanggang
strain.In the experiment of inactivating virus,both formaling and
biethyleneimine(BEI) could inactivate ILTV very well.but after chicken
were vaccined by the formaling inactivated vaccine,both their serum
antibody titer and their protection against virulent ILTV were less than
that vaccined by the BEI inactivated vaccine.When compared with live
attenuated vaccine,the formaling inactivated vaccine and the BEI
inactivated vaccine could induct higher serum antibody titer but produce
less protective ratio.Protective ratio of live attenuated vaccine was
76.7%,the BEI inactivated vaccine was 73.3% and formaling inactivated
vaccine was 53.3%.
引文
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2、殷震主编．动物病毒学(第二版)．1997．北京：科学出版社。
3、May, H.G. and R.P. Tittsler. Tracheo-laryngitis in poultry, Jam Vet Med Asso, 1925, 67:229～231.
4、Jordan,F.T.W.(1966). A review of the literature on infectious Largngotracheitis (ILT). Avian Disease, 10,1～26.
5、Hanson. L.E.&Bagust,T.J. Infections Largngotracheitis. In:B.W. Calnek (Ed.) Diseases of poultry. 1991, 9th edn PP.485～495(Ames, Iowa State University press).
6、Biggs, P.M. The world of poultry disease. Avian Pathology, 1982, 11, 281～300.
7、Bagust, T.J. Laryngotracheitis, in:Veterinary Diagnostic Virology: a practitioner's guide, 1992,40～43(St. Louis, Mosby Year Book).
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