用于快速检测二噁英的表面等离子体共振生物传感器的构建
|
摘要
二噁英是一类毒性很大的持久性有机污染物。近年来,随着我国社会经济的蓬勃发展,城市化进程不断加快,我国固体废物和医疗废物的产生量和处理量都在不断增加。焚烧设施运行不当会造成二噁英超量排放。现行的二噁英检测方法存在周期长、成本高、操作繁琐等种种弊端,难于快速检测。因此,开发一种使用方便、运行成本低廉的二噁英的快速检测技术对于检测和控制二噁英污染具有重要意义。
论文首先介绍了表面等离子体共振(Surface Plasmon Resonance,SPR)生物传感器系统。这种生物传感器具有能实时监测反应动态过程、反应动力学常数、灵敏度高、抗背景干扰能力强、分析生物样品无需标记、所需试样少等优点,因而被广泛应用于环境检测领域。在实验室已搭建的角度调制型SPR生物传感器的基础上,本文进行了一系列的完善和改进工作,主要内容包括设计了一种角度调制型和强度调制型相结合的SPR生物传感系统,开发了错位平行四边形光路系统和多通道样品池,并在软件方面进行了完善优化。
其次,本文通过测定葡萄糖样品液和抗原抗体的免疫反应实验来测试所搭建装置的灵敏度和重复性等特性。在运用角度检测方式检测较高浓度(0.11-0.55 mol/L)变化的葡萄糖样品液时,葡萄糖的浓度与共振角度基本满足线性关系,有着较好的线性相关程度(R2=0.986 );运用强度检测型方式检测较低浓度(3-7 mmol/L)变化的葡萄糖样品液时,葡萄糖的浓度与反射光强强度度改变值基本满足线性关系,并测定得到该系统对葡萄糖的检测下限达到0.18 g/L;在抗原—抗体的免疫反应实验中,对动态和静态两种状态下的性能表现进行了比较,表明动态下能更好的反映样品池内抗原抗体结合情况。
在此基础上,通过实验优化了影响检测结果的各项条件,使用直接检测法和间接检测法对2,3,7,8-TCDD进行了检测,并将间接检测的结果同ELISA方法所得的结果进行了比较分析。结果表明SPR生物传感系统的检测范围为0.01-100 ng/mL,IC50为0.355 ng/mL,相应的标准偏差为0.00015,较之ELISA方法SPR方法在检测范围,灵敏度和稳定性上具有一定的优势。此外通过一系列的样品溶液进行验证发现,这两种方法所得的样品浓度线性关系良好。
Dioxin is classified as one of the most toxic of a dangerous class of chemicals known as POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants). In recent years, with the rapid development of society and economy, the speed of urbanization process is becoming faster, the generation and treatment capacity of solid waste and medical waste is becoming bigger and bigger. Among the solid waste disposal methods, the technology of waste incineration shows a rapid development momentum. According to the recently research, it is easy to bring about dioxin in the process of waste incineration. Traditional detection methods of dioxin-like compounds at present have their own disadvantages such as high cost, long detection period and complicated operations, which limit the short-term test of dioxin in a various industries. Therefore, it is of great significance for monitoring and controlling the dioxin to develop a rapid detection technology for dioxin which has the features of easy to use and low running cost.
Firstly, the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) bio-sensor system is introduced in the thesis. The bio-sensor system can monitor interaction between molecular, the dynamic process of reaction and the kinetic constant real time, has the feature of high sensitive、strong anti-interference ability、label free and small amount of sample. It has been used widely in the area of environmental monitoring. In the thesis, the system which was put up by laboratory is refined and improved. The model which was angle modulation is changed to the model which combines the angle modulation with intensity modulation together, the dislocation parallelogram optical system and multi-channel sample cell is developed, in addition, the area of software is improved and optimized.
Secondly, in the thesis the features such as sensitivity and reproducibility of the system were tested by glucose sample solution and antigen-antibody reaction. The high concentration of glucose sample solution (0.11-0.55 mol/L) was tested in the way of angle modulation. The results showed that the concentration of glucose sample and the resonance angle met the basic linear relationship, and the linear relationship was ideal; the low concentration of glucose sample solution (3-7 mmol/L) was tested in the way of intensity modulation, the concentration of glucose sample and the intensity of reflected light met the basic linear relationship, too. The detection limit for glucoses sample was 0.18 g/l. In the process of antigen-antibody reaction, the results of dynamic and static were compared with each other and showed that the dynamic result was better to reflect the conditions of antigen-antibody binding process.
On the basic of the previous experiments, the sample solutions of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were tested. Firstly, the conditions of the experiments which may affect the test results were optimized; Secondly, the sample solutions of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were detected by direct detection method and indirect detection method separately. The results of ELISA were compared with the results of indirect detection method. The finally results showed that the detection range of SPR bio-sensor system was 0.01-100 ng/mL, the IC50 was 0.355 ng/mL and the corresponding standard deviation was 0.00015. It is better to use the SPR technology for dioxin detection than ELISA in the area of features such as detection range, sensitivity and stability. In addition, a serious of sample solutions are tested by the two ways, and the results of the two technologies show a good linear relationship.
论文首先介绍了表面等离子体共振(Surface Plasmon Resonance,SPR)生物传感器系统。这种生物传感器具有能实时监测反应动态过程、反应动力学常数、灵敏度高、抗背景干扰能力强、分析生物样品无需标记、所需试样少等优点,因而被广泛应用于环境检测领域。在实验室已搭建的角度调制型SPR生物传感器的基础上,本文进行了一系列的完善和改进工作,主要内容包括设计了一种角度调制型和强度调制型相结合的SPR生物传感系统,开发了错位平行四边形光路系统和多通道样品池,并在软件方面进行了完善优化。
其次,本文通过测定葡萄糖样品液和抗原抗体的免疫反应实验来测试所搭建装置的灵敏度和重复性等特性。在运用角度检测方式检测较高浓度(0.11-0.55 mol/L)变化的葡萄糖样品液时,葡萄糖的浓度与共振角度基本满足线性关系,有着较好的线性相关程度(R2=0.986 );运用强度检测型方式检测较低浓度(3-7 mmol/L)变化的葡萄糖样品液时,葡萄糖的浓度与反射光强强度度改变值基本满足线性关系,并测定得到该系统对葡萄糖的检测下限达到0.18 g/L;在抗原—抗体的免疫反应实验中,对动态和静态两种状态下的性能表现进行了比较,表明动态下能更好的反映样品池内抗原抗体结合情况。
在此基础上,通过实验优化了影响检测结果的各项条件,使用直接检测法和间接检测法对2,3,7,8-TCDD进行了检测,并将间接检测的结果同ELISA方法所得的结果进行了比较分析。结果表明SPR生物传感系统的检测范围为0.01-100 ng/mL,IC50为0.355 ng/mL,相应的标准偏差为0.00015,较之ELISA方法SPR方法在检测范围,灵敏度和稳定性上具有一定的优势。此外通过一系列的样品溶液进行验证发现,这两种方法所得的样品浓度线性关系良好。
Dioxin is classified as one of the most toxic of a dangerous class of chemicals known as POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants). In recent years, with the rapid development of society and economy, the speed of urbanization process is becoming faster, the generation and treatment capacity of solid waste and medical waste is becoming bigger and bigger. Among the solid waste disposal methods, the technology of waste incineration shows a rapid development momentum. According to the recently research, it is easy to bring about dioxin in the process of waste incineration. Traditional detection methods of dioxin-like compounds at present have their own disadvantages such as high cost, long detection period and complicated operations, which limit the short-term test of dioxin in a various industries. Therefore, it is of great significance for monitoring and controlling the dioxin to develop a rapid detection technology for dioxin which has the features of easy to use and low running cost.
Firstly, the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) bio-sensor system is introduced in the thesis. The bio-sensor system can monitor interaction between molecular, the dynamic process of reaction and the kinetic constant real time, has the feature of high sensitive、strong anti-interference ability、label free and small amount of sample. It has been used widely in the area of environmental monitoring. In the thesis, the system which was put up by laboratory is refined and improved. The model which was angle modulation is changed to the model which combines the angle modulation with intensity modulation together, the dislocation parallelogram optical system and multi-channel sample cell is developed, in addition, the area of software is improved and optimized.
Secondly, in the thesis the features such as sensitivity and reproducibility of the system were tested by glucose sample solution and antigen-antibody reaction. The high concentration of glucose sample solution (0.11-0.55 mol/L) was tested in the way of angle modulation. The results showed that the concentration of glucose sample and the resonance angle met the basic linear relationship, and the linear relationship was ideal; the low concentration of glucose sample solution (3-7 mmol/L) was tested in the way of intensity modulation, the concentration of glucose sample and the intensity of reflected light met the basic linear relationship, too. The detection limit for glucoses sample was 0.18 g/l. In the process of antigen-antibody reaction, the results of dynamic and static were compared with each other and showed that the dynamic result was better to reflect the conditions of antigen-antibody binding process.
On the basic of the previous experiments, the sample solutions of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were tested. Firstly, the conditions of the experiments which may affect the test results were optimized; Secondly, the sample solutions of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were detected by direct detection method and indirect detection method separately. The results of ELISA were compared with the results of indirect detection method. The finally results showed that the detection range of SPR bio-sensor system was 0.01-100 ng/mL, the IC50 was 0.355 ng/mL and the corresponding standard deviation was 0.00015. It is better to use the SPR technology for dioxin detection than ELISA in the area of features such as detection range, sensitivity and stability. In addition, a serious of sample solutions are tested by the two ways, and the results of the two technologies show a good linear relationship.
引文
[1]张捷陆,鞠静.―世纪之毒‖二噁英[J].环境,2010,33(5):33-35.
[2]Olie K, Vermeulen P L, Hutzinger O. Chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurans are trace compounds of fly ash and flue gas of some municipal incinerators in the Netherlands[J]. Chemosphere, 1977, 6(8): 455-459.
[3]刘淑芬,田洪海,任玥,等.我国二噁英污染水平和环境归趋模拟[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(3):261-265.
[4]李海英,张书廷,赵新华.城市生活垃圾焚烧产物中二噁英检测方法[J].燃料化学学报,2005,33(3):279-384.
[5]陈彤,李晓东,严建华,等.垃圾焚烧炉飞灰中二噁英的分布特性[J].燃料化学学报,2002,30(6):563-568.
[6]新井纪男.燃烧生成物的发生与抑制技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[7]杜泽.二噁英的种类、产生机理及消除方法[J].科技信息(科学教研),2007,23(24):41-41.
[8]刘扬真,肖文.二嗯英的污染防治[J].中国环境管理,2008,22(2):36-36.
[9]黄文章,胡小燕.二噁英的特性及其危害[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2009,11(1):72-74.
[10]黄汝广,李莎,于萍萍.二噁英污染及其防控措施的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(30):9670-9671.
[11]Pandini A, Song Y, Zhao J, et al. Detection of the TCDD binding-fingerprint within the Ah receptor ligand binding domain by structurally driven mutagenesis and functional analysis[J]. Biochemistry, 2009, 48(25): 5972-5983.
[12]姚玉红,刘格林.二噁英的健康危害研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(7):560-562.
[13]张秀敏,刘敏.浅析二噁英的危害与防治[J].环境,2006,29(2):112-113.
[14]宋春莲.多氯联苯/二噁英类化学污染物的环境行为及对人体健康的危害[J].佳木斯大学学报(自然科学版),2007,25(2):208-209.
[15]Uchiyama K, Yang M, Sawazaki T, et al. Development of a Bio-MEMS for Evaluation of dioxin toxicity by immunoassay method[J]. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, 2004, 103(1-2): 200-205.
[16]李柏生.纳米金技术检测痕量二噁英类化合物的方法学研究[D].华中科技大学,2006.
[17]张智平,倪余文,杨志军,等.二噁英样品制备与检测技术进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(3):13-17.
[18]葛宝坤.二噁英的分离及检测技术[J].口岸卫生控制,1999,4(3):38-40.
[19]王承智,胡筱敏,石荣,等.二噁英类物质的生物检测方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2006,16(5):136-138.
[21]Korenaga T, Fukusato T, Ohta M, et al. Long-term effects of subcutaneously injected 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the liver of rhesus monkeys[J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 67(9): 399-404.
[22]杨永滨,郑明辉,刘征涛.二噁英类毒理学研究新进展[J].生态毒理学报,2006,1(2):106-107.
[23]赵娜,汤乃军,张晓滨,等.芳香烃受体及其核转运蛋白融合表达载体的构建与序列鉴定[J].天津医科大学学报,2006,12(2):181-183.
[24]赵娜.芳香烃受体及其介导的二噁英毒性研究进展[J].毒理学杂志,2005,19(1):67-69.
[25]Nylander C, Liedberg B, Lind T. Gas detection by means of surface plasmons resonance[J]. Sensors and Actuators, 1982, 3(1): 79-88.
[26]Liedberg B, Nylander C, Lundstrom I. Surface plasmon resonance for gas detection and biosensing[J]. Sensors and Actuators, 1983, 4(2): 299-303.
[27]Mauriz E, Calle A, Manclus J J, et al. Single and multi-analyte surface plasmon resonance assays for simultaneous detection of cholinesterase inhibiting pesticides[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemieal, 2006, 118(1-2): 399-407.
[28]Vries E F A, Schasfoort R B M, Plas J van der, et al. Nucleic acid detection with surface plasmon resonance using cationic latex[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 1994, 9(7): 509-514.
[29]Elad B, Shai N, Boaz T, et al. Electrical control over antibody-antigen binding[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemieal, 2008, 128(2): 560-565.
[30]张微微,陈宇春,王菊英,等.表面等离子体共振技术在环境污染物分析中研究[J].环境科学与技术,2007,30(5):95-97.
[31]Gobi K V, Miure N. Highly sensitive and interference-free simultaneous detection of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at parts per-trillion levels using a surface Plasmon resonance immunosensor[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemieal, 2004, 103(1-2):265-271
[32]Rella R, Rizzi A, Licciulli A, et al. Tests in controlled atmosphere on new optical gas sensing layers based on TiO2/metal-phthalocyanines hybrid[J]. Materials Science and Engineering, 2002, 22(2): 439-443.
[33]窦勇,宁喜斌,胡佩红.ELISA在水产微生物检测中的应用[J].食品研究与开发,2006,27(8):143-146.
[34]刘宪华,鲁逸人.环境生物化学实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[35]叶玫,吴成业,刘海新,等.酶联免疫吸附法在水产品安全检测中的应用[J].上海水产大学学报,2002,11(2):171-175.
[36]刘娜,孟庆雷,钟立华.酶联免疫吸附法在环境监测领域中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(24):10673-10674.
[37]汪洛,陶祖荣.表面等离子体激元共振与生物分子相互作用分析[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,1996,23(6):483-487.
[38]Schasfoort R B M, Anna J T. Handbook of Surface Plasmon Resonance[M]. London: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2008.
[39]赵小君,陈焕文,宋大千,等.表面等离子体子共振传感器Ι:基本原理[J].分析仪器,2000,31(4):l-8.
[40]国家自然科学基金委员会.等离子体物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[41]宋大千,赵晓君,陈焕文,等.表面等离子体子共振传感器Ⅱ:实验装置与仪器[J].分析仪器,2001,32(1):1-6.
[42]Otto A. Excitation of nonradioactive surface plasmon waves in silver by the method of frustrated total reflection[J]. Zeitschrift für Physik A: Hadrons and Nuclei, 1968, 216(4): 398-410.
[43]Kretschmann E. The determination of the optical constants of metals by exci-ation of surface plasmons[J]. Zeitschrift für Physik: A Hadrons and Nuclei, 1971, 219(241): 313-324.
[44]Fontana E, Dulman H D, Doggett D E, et al. Surface plasmon resonance on a sing mode opticalfiber[J]. IEEE Transactions on Insturmentation and Measurement, 1998, 47(1): 168-173.
[45]Bevenot X, Trouillet A, Veillas C, et al. Surface Plasmon resonance hydrogen sensor using an optical fibre[J]. Measurement Science and Technology, 2002, 13(8): 118-124.
[46]Tiefenthaler K, Lukosz W. Integrated optical switches and gas sensors[J]. Optics Letter, 1984, 9(4): 137-139.
[47]Neef H, Zong W, Lima M N, et al. Optical properties and instrumental performance of thin gold films near the surface plasmon resonance[J]. Thin Solid Films, 2006, 496(2): 688-697.
[48]Xia Liu, Daqian Song, Hanqi Zhang, et al. Wavelength-modulation surface plasmon resonance sensor[J]. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2005, 24(10): 887-893.
[49]Johnston K, Karlson S, Jung C, et al. New analytical technique for characterization of thin films using surface plasmon resonance[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 1995, 42(4): 242-246.
[50]Nelson S G., Johnston K S, Yee S S. High sensitivity surface Plasmon resonance sensor based on phase detection[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 1996,35(1): 187-191.
[51]姜重阳.基于LabVIEW的表面等离子体共振传感器的设计与实现[D].天津大学,2010.
[52]Ulman A. Formation and structure of self-Assembled Monolayers[J]. Chemical Reviews, 1996, 96(4): 1533-1554.
[53]Koufaki M, Detsi A, Kiziridi C. Multifunctional Lipoic Acid Conjugates[J]. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 2009, 16(35): 4728-4742.
[54]Cheng Q, BrajterlcToth. Selectivity and Sensitivity of Self-Assembled Thioctic Acid Electrodes[J]. Analytical. Chemisistry. 1992, 64(17): 1998-2000.
[55]Yoshiko M, Shunsaku K, Kobayashi S, et al. Cation recognition by self-assembled monolayers of oriented helical peptides having a crown ether unit[J]. Pep-tide Science, 2000, 55(5): 391-398.
[56]Spangler B D, Scott Tarter E, Benjamin D R, et al. High Affinity Polyvalent NanotetherTM SAMs on Gold:Why More is Better[J]. Material Matters. 2006, 1(2): 15-17.
[57]PA/540/R-08/002. Performance of the CAPE Technologies DF1 Dioxin/Furan Immunoassay kit for Soil and Sediment Samples[S]. 2008.
[2]Olie K, Vermeulen P L, Hutzinger O. Chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurans are trace compounds of fly ash and flue gas of some municipal incinerators in the Netherlands[J]. Chemosphere, 1977, 6(8): 455-459.
[3]刘淑芬,田洪海,任玥,等.我国二噁英污染水平和环境归趋模拟[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(3):261-265.
[4]李海英,张书廷,赵新华.城市生活垃圾焚烧产物中二噁英检测方法[J].燃料化学学报,2005,33(3):279-384.
[5]陈彤,李晓东,严建华,等.垃圾焚烧炉飞灰中二噁英的分布特性[J].燃料化学学报,2002,30(6):563-568.
[6]新井纪男.燃烧生成物的发生与抑制技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[7]杜泽.二噁英的种类、产生机理及消除方法[J].科技信息(科学教研),2007,23(24):41-41.
[8]刘扬真,肖文.二嗯英的污染防治[J].中国环境管理,2008,22(2):36-36.
[9]黄文章,胡小燕.二噁英的特性及其危害[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2009,11(1):72-74.
[10]黄汝广,李莎,于萍萍.二噁英污染及其防控措施的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(30):9670-9671.
[11]Pandini A, Song Y, Zhao J, et al. Detection of the TCDD binding-fingerprint within the Ah receptor ligand binding domain by structurally driven mutagenesis and functional analysis[J]. Biochemistry, 2009, 48(25): 5972-5983.
[12]姚玉红,刘格林.二噁英的健康危害研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(7):560-562.
[13]张秀敏,刘敏.浅析二噁英的危害与防治[J].环境,2006,29(2):112-113.
[14]宋春莲.多氯联苯/二噁英类化学污染物的环境行为及对人体健康的危害[J].佳木斯大学学报(自然科学版),2007,25(2):208-209.
[15]Uchiyama K, Yang M, Sawazaki T, et al. Development of a Bio-MEMS for Evaluation of dioxin toxicity by immunoassay method[J]. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, 2004, 103(1-2): 200-205.
[16]李柏生.纳米金技术检测痕量二噁英类化合物的方法学研究[D].华中科技大学,2006.
[17]张智平,倪余文,杨志军,等.二噁英样品制备与检测技术进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(3):13-17.
[18]葛宝坤.二噁英的分离及检测技术[J].口岸卫生控制,1999,4(3):38-40.
[19]王承智,胡筱敏,石荣,等.二噁英类物质的生物检测方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2006,16(5):136-138.
[21]Korenaga T, Fukusato T, Ohta M, et al. Long-term effects of subcutaneously injected 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the liver of rhesus monkeys[J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 67(9): 399-404.
[22]杨永滨,郑明辉,刘征涛.二噁英类毒理学研究新进展[J].生态毒理学报,2006,1(2):106-107.
[23]赵娜,汤乃军,张晓滨,等.芳香烃受体及其核转运蛋白融合表达载体的构建与序列鉴定[J].天津医科大学学报,2006,12(2):181-183.
[24]赵娜.芳香烃受体及其介导的二噁英毒性研究进展[J].毒理学杂志,2005,19(1):67-69.
[25]Nylander C, Liedberg B, Lind T. Gas detection by means of surface plasmons resonance[J]. Sensors and Actuators, 1982, 3(1): 79-88.
[26]Liedberg B, Nylander C, Lundstrom I. Surface plasmon resonance for gas detection and biosensing[J]. Sensors and Actuators, 1983, 4(2): 299-303.
[27]Mauriz E, Calle A, Manclus J J, et al. Single and multi-analyte surface plasmon resonance assays for simultaneous detection of cholinesterase inhibiting pesticides[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemieal, 2006, 118(1-2): 399-407.
[28]Vries E F A, Schasfoort R B M, Plas J van der, et al. Nucleic acid detection with surface plasmon resonance using cationic latex[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 1994, 9(7): 509-514.
[29]Elad B, Shai N, Boaz T, et al. Electrical control over antibody-antigen binding[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemieal, 2008, 128(2): 560-565.
[30]张微微,陈宇春,王菊英,等.表面等离子体共振技术在环境污染物分析中研究[J].环境科学与技术,2007,30(5):95-97.
[31]Gobi K V, Miure N. Highly sensitive and interference-free simultaneous detection of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at parts per-trillion levels using a surface Plasmon resonance immunosensor[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemieal, 2004, 103(1-2):265-271
[32]Rella R, Rizzi A, Licciulli A, et al. Tests in controlled atmosphere on new optical gas sensing layers based on TiO2/metal-phthalocyanines hybrid[J]. Materials Science and Engineering, 2002, 22(2): 439-443.
[33]窦勇,宁喜斌,胡佩红.ELISA在水产微生物检测中的应用[J].食品研究与开发,2006,27(8):143-146.
[34]刘宪华,鲁逸人.环境生物化学实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[35]叶玫,吴成业,刘海新,等.酶联免疫吸附法在水产品安全检测中的应用[J].上海水产大学学报,2002,11(2):171-175.
[36]刘娜,孟庆雷,钟立华.酶联免疫吸附法在环境监测领域中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(24):10673-10674.
[37]汪洛,陶祖荣.表面等离子体激元共振与生物分子相互作用分析[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,1996,23(6):483-487.
[38]Schasfoort R B M, Anna J T. Handbook of Surface Plasmon Resonance[M]. London: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2008.
[39]赵小君,陈焕文,宋大千,等.表面等离子体子共振传感器Ι:基本原理[J].分析仪器,2000,31(4):l-8.
[40]国家自然科学基金委员会.等离子体物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[41]宋大千,赵晓君,陈焕文,等.表面等离子体子共振传感器Ⅱ:实验装置与仪器[J].分析仪器,2001,32(1):1-6.
[42]Otto A. Excitation of nonradioactive surface plasmon waves in silver by the method of frustrated total reflection[J]. Zeitschrift für Physik A: Hadrons and Nuclei, 1968, 216(4): 398-410.
[43]Kretschmann E. The determination of the optical constants of metals by exci-ation of surface plasmons[J]. Zeitschrift für Physik: A Hadrons and Nuclei, 1971, 219(241): 313-324.
[44]Fontana E, Dulman H D, Doggett D E, et al. Surface plasmon resonance on a sing mode opticalfiber[J]. IEEE Transactions on Insturmentation and Measurement, 1998, 47(1): 168-173.
[45]Bevenot X, Trouillet A, Veillas C, et al. Surface Plasmon resonance hydrogen sensor using an optical fibre[J]. Measurement Science and Technology, 2002, 13(8): 118-124.
[46]Tiefenthaler K, Lukosz W. Integrated optical switches and gas sensors[J]. Optics Letter, 1984, 9(4): 137-139.
[47]Neef H, Zong W, Lima M N, et al. Optical properties and instrumental performance of thin gold films near the surface plasmon resonance[J]. Thin Solid Films, 2006, 496(2): 688-697.
[48]Xia Liu, Daqian Song, Hanqi Zhang, et al. Wavelength-modulation surface plasmon resonance sensor[J]. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2005, 24(10): 887-893.
[49]Johnston K, Karlson S, Jung C, et al. New analytical technique for characterization of thin films using surface plasmon resonance[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 1995, 42(4): 242-246.
[50]Nelson S G., Johnston K S, Yee S S. High sensitivity surface Plasmon resonance sensor based on phase detection[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 1996,35(1): 187-191.
[51]姜重阳.基于LabVIEW的表面等离子体共振传感器的设计与实现[D].天津大学,2010.
[52]Ulman A. Formation and structure of self-Assembled Monolayers[J]. Chemical Reviews, 1996, 96(4): 1533-1554.
[53]Koufaki M, Detsi A, Kiziridi C. Multifunctional Lipoic Acid Conjugates[J]. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 2009, 16(35): 4728-4742.
[54]Cheng Q, BrajterlcToth. Selectivity and Sensitivity of Self-Assembled Thioctic Acid Electrodes[J]. Analytical. Chemisistry. 1992, 64(17): 1998-2000.
[55]Yoshiko M, Shunsaku K, Kobayashi S, et al. Cation recognition by self-assembled monolayers of oriented helical peptides having a crown ether unit[J]. Pep-tide Science, 2000, 55(5): 391-398.
[56]Spangler B D, Scott Tarter E, Benjamin D R, et al. High Affinity Polyvalent NanotetherTM SAMs on Gold:Why More is Better[J]. Material Matters. 2006, 1(2): 15-17.
[57]PA/540/R-08/002. Performance of the CAPE Technologies DF1 Dioxin/Furan Immunoassay kit for Soil and Sediment Samples[S]. 2008.