芦苇置换蒸煮及无氯漂白的研究
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摘要
本论文研究了芦苇的湿法备料:芦苇的Soda-AQ制浆及己
    烯糖醛酸(HuA)的测定:芦苇的碱法置换蒸煮特性;芦苇浆
    的无氯漂白特性。研究结果表明:
     取自工厂的干法备料后的芦苇原料,再经湿法备料处理,试
    验测得湿法备料得率为86.3%。湿法备料的苇片洁净度高,其化
    学成分中灰分含量明显降低,有利于蒸煮和黑液的碱回收。糖类
    组分中,聚葡萄糖相对含量增加。
     芦苇的常规法碱法蒸煮过程中,添加0.05%CT-1蒸煮助剂,
    可明显地降低纸浆硬度,提高纸浆得率。
     采用紫外分光光度(UV)法测得Soda法苇浆中的HuA含量
    非常少,仅为lμmol/g左右,远低于硫酸盐法木浆中的HuA含
    量,其对纸浆硬度测定值影响较小。
     与常规Soda-AQ相比,芦苇碱法置换蒸煮能较大程度降低能
    耗,提高纸浆白度,减少成本;原浆物理强度比常规蒸煮原浆好
    得多,裂断长提高1.28km,耐破指数高出1.09KPa.m~2/g,撕裂指
    数上升2.15mN.m~2/g,但较难打浆。
     置换蒸煮过程中,由于黑液的加入,实际的耗碱量可能要比
    预计的用碱量稍高。蒸煮后的黑液残碱较高,有利于下一次的置
    换蒸煮,置换蒸煮的黑液清淡、无沉淀、无粘迹,固形物含量低,
    SiO_2含量少,粘度低,有利于废液的碱回收。
     不论是常规Soda-AQ芦苇浆,还是碱法置换蒸煮芦苇浆,氧
    脱术素都能够在保持纸浆一定强度的情况下,有效地脱除纸浆中
    的残余术素,提高纸浆白度;少量的H_2O_2强化的氧脱木素有效地
    增加了氧脱木素的效果,提高脱木素选择性。0_2强化的H_2O_2后续
    漂白可以获得更好的漂白效果。在芦苇Soda-AQ浆漂白试验中,
    用H_2O_2漂白作为最终漂白段,可有效地提高白度,减少返黄。采
    用QOpAPoP、QOpAP_1P_2 QOAP_1P_2、QOAPoP等TCF漂白程序,可将
    
     天津轻工业学院硕士学位论文
    芦苇碱法浆或芦苇置换蒸煮浆漂至75个78饥。采用ECF漂白程
    序QOPDP可将置换蒸煮芦苇浆漂到85M 以上的高白度,而且
    漂白后的纸浆粘度与原浆相比降低较小。这说明ECF漂白完全可
    以制得强度好白度高的置换芦苇浆。
In this paper, wet cleaning system of reed, pulpabilities of reed
     in conventional Soda-AQ and displacing Soda-AQ pulping were
     studied. Effects of pulping factors on the resultants were studies.
     In addition , bleachability of this two reed pulps was also
     researched. The results shows that:
    
     After wet cleaning system , dust and fine were removed .this
     increased the pulpabilities of raw materials.
    
     As a kind of AQ, additive CT-i can clearly increase
     delignification , and protection of cellulose and hemicelluloses is
     also enhanced .the quantity of 0.05% is equal to that of 2% alkali.
    
     The content of HUA in conventional Soda pulping is little
     the degree of it is iumollg.
    
     Compared to conventional Soda-AQ pulping ; displacing
     pulping decreases the consumption of energy, reduces the number
     of K1VInO4, increases the brightness of pulping , which means the
     pollutant loads of bleaching effluent would be decreased . All
     strength properties of displacing pulp are better than that
     of conventional . The content of Si02 in black liquor is greatly
     cut down . But displacing cooking requires slightly higher alkali
     charge than conventional.
    
     Bleachability of both of pulps is very well, through ECF
     bleaching and TCF bleaching , the pulps obtain high brightness.
    
     Oxygen delignification can effectively remove the residual
     lignin in pulp and increase brightness with the viscosity decreased
     little . Reinforced-oxygen-delignification with 11202 can improve
    
    
     little . Reinforced-oxygen-delignification with H202 can improve
     the degree and selectivity of delignification . H202
     bleaching as the final bleaching stage is very veil, it can
     not only improve the brightness , but also save bleaching
     cost. Through bleaching stage QOpDP, the final brightness
     of displacing reed pulp achieve 85%ISO
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