柠檬酸盐法治理低浓度二氧化硫烟气的研究
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摘要
二氧化硫是造成大气污染的主要气体之一。随着人们环保意识的增强,
    国家对二氧化硫排放量的严格控制,治理二氧化硫烟气已成为一项重要和
    迫切的任务。
     柠檬酸盐法是一种分离烟气中SO_2的新方法,在高浓度二氧化硫烟气
    中已有应用,但对高氧含量、低二氧化硫烟气的治理还未见报道,本课题
    则把该法应用于低浓度二氧化硫烟气的的治理中,并在金堆城冶炼厂进行
    了中试,研究取得了如下结果:
     (1)柠檬酸盐溶液是吸收钼焙烧烟气中 SO_2的理想吸收剂,其吸收容
    量最大为 105g/L。
     (2)柠檬酸盐溶液的吸收容量和吸收速率与吸收液的柠檬酸根浓度及
    pH值有关。柠檬酸根浓度大、pH高,溶液的吸收容量大,吸收速率快。
     (3)SO_2的脱吸率与吸收液中柠檬酸根浓度及pH值成反比关系。柠
    檬酸浓度小、吸收液的pH低,二氧化硫的脱吸率大,脱吸速度快。
     (4)综合考虑吸收和脱吸时,吸收液的最佳配比为 pH 4.5~5.0、柠檬
    酸根浓度1.0mol/L。在此条件下,可获得最大SO_2脱吸率。
     (5)吸收时,硫酸根的增长速率为0.2/L-1·h-1。随着吸收的进行,
    硫酸根浓度不断增长的,因此,在综合治理的工艺中须设专门的硫酸根脱
    除工序。
     (6)在硫酸根脱除过程中,当吸收液冷却到0℃时,并保持 4个小时
    时,溶液中的硫酸根浓度可降低到 15g/L。
Sulfur dioxide is one of the main gas which cause air pollution. With the
    enforcement of people's consciousness of environment and more restrictive
    sulfur dioxide emission, treatment of sulfur dioxide flue gas has become an
    important and imperative task.
    Citrate method is a new method for the separation of sulfur dioxide in
    flue gas, it has been used in treating high content sulfur dioxide flue gas,
    but the use of it in treating flue gas with high oxygen content and low sulfur
    dioxide content is not reported. The use of citrate solution in removal of
    sulfur dioxide is investigated, and the pilot-plant-scale test is carried out in
    Jin Dui Cheng refinery plant.
    The results show:
    (1)The solution of citrate is a satisfying absorbent for flue gas. The
    maximum capacity is 105g/L.
    (2)The capacity of citrate solution and SO_2 removal efficiency are
    dependent on the concentration of citric acid and pH .The higher the
    concentration of citric acid and pH is, the capacity is larger and the
    absorption rate is faster.
    (3)The desorption efficiency of SO_2 is related with the concentration of
    citric acid and pH. The lower the concentration and pH is, the efficiency is
    
    
    bigger an4 the rate is faster.
    (4)The optimum ingredients of absorbent are: pH 4.5 ~ 5.0,
    concentration of citric acid: l .0mol/L. In this case, the maximum efficiency
    is obtained.
    (5)The increase rate of SO.'- is 0.2g/L-'. h-'. Special process must be
    installed to discharge SO.'-.
    (6)Concentration of SO.'-can be reduced to l 5g/L when the temperature
    of solution is 0'C and the state lasts for 4 hours.
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