雷达点迹预处理技术
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摘要
现代雷达由于其良好的性能和灵活的处理功能,获得广泛的应用。本文紧密结合目前西安电子工程研究所研制的新型低空三坐标搜索雷达信号处理器,以原来的所里的二维低空搜索雷达为基础,增加了高度指示功能,对精确探测低空巡航导弹有着非常重要的意义。本文首先详细描述脉冲积累和恒虚警这两方面的基本理论,在脉冲积累方面:讲述脉冲积累的基本概念和它对信号检测的影响,主要讨论了脉冲积累的两种方法即视频积累和二进制积累,分析滑窗检测器导致目标分裂的原因;在恒虚警率方面主要介绍固定门限恒虚警、自适应恒虚警和非参量恒虚警。其次介绍多目标处理,主要包括相关波门的形状和尺寸、航迹相关处理、点迹的凝聚方法。在工程实现方面详细叙述了MTI、数字脉冲压缩,恒虚警处理和信号检测等方面的工作原理和实现方法,对系统所使用的软硬件进行简单介绍。最后对全文工作进行总结,并提出了下一步设想。
Modern radars are widely used because of their good performance and flexible processing ability. This thesis is written based on the newly low altitude three-dimensional searching radar signal processor developed by Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, which adds the height indication function on the basis of former two-dimensional low altitude searching radar, thus it possesses very importance meaning for accurately detecting low altitude cruise missile. Firstly, two basic theories in radar field will be discussed: pulse integration and constant false alarm rate (CAFR). The basic concepts of pulse integration and its effect on the signal detection will be described for pulse integration, which mainly discuss two types of pulse integration, i.e. video integration and the binary integration, and analysis the reason why slide-window detectors could cause target splitting. The fixed threshold CFAR, self-adaptive CFAR and nonparametric CAFR are mainly introduced for CAFR. Secondly, the multi-target processing is introduced, including shape and size of correlation gate, relative processing of flight path and condensation method of plot. In this thesis, the working principle and realization of moving target indication, digital pulse compression, CFAR processing and signal detection are presented for engineering achievement, and software and hardware used in the system are also briefly introduced in this thesis. Finally, we conclude the work in the thesis and put forward the future development.
Modern radars are widely used because of their good performance and flexible processing ability. This thesis is written based on the newly low altitude three-dimensional searching radar signal processor developed by Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, which adds the height indication function on the basis of former two-dimensional low altitude searching radar, thus it possesses very importance meaning for accurately detecting low altitude cruise missile. Firstly, two basic theories in radar field will be discussed: pulse integration and constant false alarm rate (CAFR). The basic concepts of pulse integration and its effect on the signal detection will be described for pulse integration, which mainly discuss two types of pulse integration, i.e. video integration and the binary integration, and analysis the reason why slide-window detectors could cause target splitting. The fixed threshold CFAR, self-adaptive CFAR and nonparametric CAFR are mainly introduced for CAFR. Secondly, the multi-target processing is introduced, including shape and size of correlation gate, relative processing of flight path and condensation method of plot. In this thesis, the working principle and realization of moving target indication, digital pulse compression, CFAR processing and signal detection are presented for engineering achievement, and software and hardware used in the system are also briefly introduced in this thesis. Finally, we conclude the work in the thesis and put forward the future development.
引文
[1]丁鹭飞,耿富录《雷达原理》,西安电子科技大学出版社,1995
[2]西北电讯工程学院<雷达系统>编写组,《雷达系统》,国防工业出版社,1980
[3]丁鹭飞,张平《雷达系统》,西北电讯工程学院出版社,1984
[4]赵树杰 《信号检测与估值》,西安电子科技大学出版社,1998
[5]向敬成,张明友《雷达系统》,电子工业出版社,2001
[6]候伯亨,顾新《VHDL语言及其应用》,西安电子出版社,1999
[7]何友,关键,彭应宁等《雷达自动检测与恒虚警处理》,机械工业出版社,1999
[8]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅,《概率论与数理统计》高等教育出版社,1989
[9]毛用才,呼奇英,《随机过程》西安电子科技大学出版社,1998
[10]楼顺天,李博菡,《基于matlab的系统分析以设计—信号处理》
[11]贺士廉,《克服小滑窗检测中目标分裂的方法》,现代雷达,1995年第4期
[12]马晓岩,倪骏,《基于遗传算法的多分层滑窗检测器优化设计》现代雷达 2000年第3期
[13]戴树荪,《数字技术在雷达中的应用》,国防工业出版社,1981
[14]A.费利那,F.A斯塔德,《雷达数据处理》,国防工业出版社,1988
[15]阮信畅 方志宏 杨文琳,《动目标检测(MTD)点迹处理技术》现代电子 1999年第1期
[16]董志荣 《多目标密集环境下航迹问题及集合论描述法》火控技术 1981年第2期
[17]杨文琳 张长耀 阮信畅 杨文琳,《MTD后处理及其技术实现》现代电子 1996年第1期
[18]David,K Barton "Modern Radar System Analysis"
[19]谢明逸《信号检测与目标信息提取技术》西安电子科技大学硕士论文
[20]张荣华《一种以扇区为基础的目标航迹链式结构》空军雷达学院学报 2000年第3期
[21]S Blackman.Multiple Target Tracking with Radar Application.Artech house,1986
[22]Y Bar Shalom(edit).Multitarget-multisensor Tracking:Application and Advance(Vol Ⅰ,Ⅱ).Artech House,1990,1992
[23]V Ngarajan,R N Sharma.New Approach to Improved Detection and Tracking Performance in Tracki-while-scan Radars,Par 2:Detection,Track Initiation and Association.IEE proc.F,Commun,Radar& Signal Process,1987(134)
[24] A. Farina. Radar Data ProcessingII RESERCH STUDIES PRESS, 1992
[25]Yaakov Bar-Shalom Tracking and Data Association ACADEMIC PRESS IN C.HARCOURT Brace Jovanovich, Publishers.
[26]Zhao Shuqing et al. Effect of Receive Noise and Stochastic Signal on Calibration of DBF. Inter conf on Signal Processing 93, Beijing
[27] E. L. Cole, M. J. Hodges, "Novel Accuracy and Resolution Algorithms for the Third Generation MTD" , IEEE National Conf, 1986, pp 41—47
[28]John W.Taylor, " Design of a New Airport Surverillance Radar(ASR-9)" .Proceedings of the IEEE , Vol. 73,No. 2,Feb. 1985
[2]西北电讯工程学院<雷达系统>编写组,《雷达系统》,国防工业出版社,1980
[3]丁鹭飞,张平《雷达系统》,西北电讯工程学院出版社,1984
[4]赵树杰 《信号检测与估值》,西安电子科技大学出版社,1998
[5]向敬成,张明友《雷达系统》,电子工业出版社,2001
[6]候伯亨,顾新《VHDL语言及其应用》,西安电子出版社,1999
[7]何友,关键,彭应宁等《雷达自动检测与恒虚警处理》,机械工业出版社,1999
[8]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅,《概率论与数理统计》高等教育出版社,1989
[9]毛用才,呼奇英,《随机过程》西安电子科技大学出版社,1998
[10]楼顺天,李博菡,《基于matlab的系统分析以设计—信号处理》
[11]贺士廉,《克服小滑窗检测中目标分裂的方法》,现代雷达,1995年第4期
[12]马晓岩,倪骏,《基于遗传算法的多分层滑窗检测器优化设计》现代雷达 2000年第3期
[13]戴树荪,《数字技术在雷达中的应用》,国防工业出版社,1981
[14]A.费利那,F.A斯塔德,《雷达数据处理》,国防工业出版社,1988
[15]阮信畅 方志宏 杨文琳,《动目标检测(MTD)点迹处理技术》现代电子 1999年第1期
[16]董志荣 《多目标密集环境下航迹问题及集合论描述法》火控技术 1981年第2期
[17]杨文琳 张长耀 阮信畅 杨文琳,《MTD后处理及其技术实现》现代电子 1996年第1期
[18]David,K Barton "Modern Radar System Analysis"
[19]谢明逸《信号检测与目标信息提取技术》西安电子科技大学硕士论文
[20]张荣华《一种以扇区为基础的目标航迹链式结构》空军雷达学院学报 2000年第3期
[21]S Blackman.Multiple Target Tracking with Radar Application.Artech house,1986
[22]Y Bar Shalom(edit).Multitarget-multisensor Tracking:Application and Advance(Vol Ⅰ,Ⅱ).Artech House,1990,1992
[23]V Ngarajan,R N Sharma.New Approach to Improved Detection and Tracking Performance in Tracki-while-scan Radars,Par 2:Detection,Track Initiation and Association.IEE proc.F,Commun,Radar& Signal Process,1987(134)
[24] A. Farina. Radar Data ProcessingII RESERCH STUDIES PRESS, 1992
[25]Yaakov Bar-Shalom Tracking and Data Association ACADEMIC PRESS IN C.HARCOURT Brace Jovanovich, Publishers.
[26]Zhao Shuqing et al. Effect of Receive Noise and Stochastic Signal on Calibration of DBF. Inter conf on Signal Processing 93, Beijing
[27] E. L. Cole, M. J. Hodges, "Novel Accuracy and Resolution Algorithms for the Third Generation MTD" , IEEE National Conf, 1986, pp 41—47
[28]John W.Taylor, " Design of a New Airport Surverillance Radar(ASR-9)" .Proceedings of the IEEE , Vol. 73,No. 2,Feb. 1985