天然气涡旋压缩机增压装置供油系统的研究
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摘要
涡旋压缩机是一种新型高效、低噪、高可靠性的容积式压缩机,相对其它形式的压缩机在很多方面有着较大的优势,特别是在小排气量、低压缩比的情况下,涡旋压缩机的性能更为突出。目前涡旋压缩机的应用领域日趋广泛,如制冷空调、动力工程、石油化工等领域,其研究也越来越引起国内外学者的普遍重视。涡旋压缩机在天然气增压装置中是主要部件之一,供油系统的研究对于涡旋压缩机的性能相当重要,涡旋压缩机的摩擦、泄漏、密封、机械密封都与供油系统有关,进而影响着整个增压装置的性能。
本文从动力学分析的角度,分析了涡旋压缩机的各摩擦副的组成和受力情况,并计算出了各摩擦副的功耗。针对功耗比较大的动、静涡盘啮合齿顶面处的摩擦副,运用平均雷诺方程求解,得出了油膜载荷和油膜剪力随压缩机转速变化的情况。
建立了涡旋压缩机的泄漏模型,并给出判定依据,来确定泄漏介质的流态和状态,使泄漏模型更加符合实际,并推导出各泄漏量的计算公式。分析了涡旋压缩机有油润滑的密封机理及影响密封效果的因素,为提高密封效果,减少泄漏提供了理论依据。
通过有限元分析和ANSYS软件模拟,得出涡旋压缩机的双端面机械密封环温度场的分布云图,及其与供油系统油温,转速的关系。推导出机械密封动、静环的热量分配计算式并定性分析了膜厚、转速与密封端面摩擦热的关系。
应用流体力学和润滑理论,建立了涡旋压缩机供油系统流量分配模型,运用等价电路法对分配模型进行了简化。推导出涡旋压缩机内部润滑系统的功耗计算公式。对主要辅助设备的阻力损失进行了计算。对增压装置的电机选用和齿轮泵的选用进行了设计计算。
通过试验样机的性能测试和性能参数测量,验证了理论计算的正确性。为使装置性能得到更大提高,提出了改进措施和对后续工作的展望。
As a new high performance,high effficiency,low noise and high reliability positive displacement device,the scroll compressor has many advantages compared with other types of compressor,especially in smaller displacement volume and smaller power compressor,the scroll compressor has high performance.It has been more used in lots of areas,for example:air conditioning,power engineering,petrolchemical areas.Its researches has more attached by the researchers now.The scroll compressor is one of the important equipments in the Nature Gas Scroll Compressors,the oil supply system is very importent to the scroll compressor.The scroll compressor's friction,leakge,seal、mechanical seal connected with the oil supply system,so it affect the performance of the Nature Gas Scroll Compressors.
In this paper,Analysed the compose of the friction pairs and its friction force from the dynamics'theory,accounted the power consume of the friction pairs.To the biggest power consume which in the contacts state top teeth between the oribiting and fixed scroll plates.useing the average Reynolds equation received the oil film pressure and the oil film shearing strength in different shaft speed.
Constructed the leakage modle in scroll compressor,and gived the criterion which can determine the medium'state,so it can be close to the fact,and concluded the formula of the quantity of the leakage.Analysed the oil lubrication scroll compressor's seal mechanism and what can affecet its seal performance,this can provide the theory for how to minish the leakage enough and how to increase the seal effect.
The temperature field of double faces mechanical seal is analyzed using software ANSYS.Discussing the affect of the variable axis's peed and the variable lubricating oil temperature on the seal's end face temperature field separately.Concluded the quantity of heat distribution between the mobile loop and the immobile loop,and qualitative analysed the friction's quantity of heat of the double faces mechanical seal.
According to the theories of lubricating and hydrodynamics,constructed the model of rate of flow of lubrication.Using the equivalence circuit method predigest the model of the rate of flow of lubrication.Concluded formula of the power consume in the oil supply system of the scroll compressor.Calculated the important assistant equipment's resistance consume. The design is for how to select the electromotor and the gear-driven pump.
A test scroll compressor is designed and developed,the test results agreed with the theory.For developing the Nature Gas Scroll Compressors,this paper proposed how to improve the equipment's performance.
本文从动力学分析的角度,分析了涡旋压缩机的各摩擦副的组成和受力情况,并计算出了各摩擦副的功耗。针对功耗比较大的动、静涡盘啮合齿顶面处的摩擦副,运用平均雷诺方程求解,得出了油膜载荷和油膜剪力随压缩机转速变化的情况。
建立了涡旋压缩机的泄漏模型,并给出判定依据,来确定泄漏介质的流态和状态,使泄漏模型更加符合实际,并推导出各泄漏量的计算公式。分析了涡旋压缩机有油润滑的密封机理及影响密封效果的因素,为提高密封效果,减少泄漏提供了理论依据。
通过有限元分析和ANSYS软件模拟,得出涡旋压缩机的双端面机械密封环温度场的分布云图,及其与供油系统油温,转速的关系。推导出机械密封动、静环的热量分配计算式并定性分析了膜厚、转速与密封端面摩擦热的关系。
应用流体力学和润滑理论,建立了涡旋压缩机供油系统流量分配模型,运用等价电路法对分配模型进行了简化。推导出涡旋压缩机内部润滑系统的功耗计算公式。对主要辅助设备的阻力损失进行了计算。对增压装置的电机选用和齿轮泵的选用进行了设计计算。
通过试验样机的性能测试和性能参数测量,验证了理论计算的正确性。为使装置性能得到更大提高,提出了改进措施和对后续工作的展望。
As a new high performance,high effficiency,low noise and high reliability positive displacement device,the scroll compressor has many advantages compared with other types of compressor,especially in smaller displacement volume and smaller power compressor,the scroll compressor has high performance.It has been more used in lots of areas,for example:air conditioning,power engineering,petrolchemical areas.Its researches has more attached by the researchers now.The scroll compressor is one of the important equipments in the Nature Gas Scroll Compressors,the oil supply system is very importent to the scroll compressor.The scroll compressor's friction,leakge,seal、mechanical seal connected with the oil supply system,so it affect the performance of the Nature Gas Scroll Compressors.
In this paper,Analysed the compose of the friction pairs and its friction force from the dynamics'theory,accounted the power consume of the friction pairs.To the biggest power consume which in the contacts state top teeth between the oribiting and fixed scroll plates.useing the average Reynolds equation received the oil film pressure and the oil film shearing strength in different shaft speed.
Constructed the leakage modle in scroll compressor,and gived the criterion which can determine the medium'state,so it can be close to the fact,and concluded the formula of the quantity of the leakage.Analysed the oil lubrication scroll compressor's seal mechanism and what can affecet its seal performance,this can provide the theory for how to minish the leakage enough and how to increase the seal effect.
The temperature field of double faces mechanical seal is analyzed using software ANSYS.Discussing the affect of the variable axis's peed and the variable lubricating oil temperature on the seal's end face temperature field separately.Concluded the quantity of heat distribution between the mobile loop and the immobile loop,and qualitative analysed the friction's quantity of heat of the double faces mechanical seal.
According to the theories of lubricating and hydrodynamics,constructed the model of rate of flow of lubrication.Using the equivalence circuit method predigest the model of the rate of flow of lubrication.Concluded formula of the power consume in the oil supply system of the scroll compressor.Calculated the important assistant equipment's resistance consume. The design is for how to select the electromotor and the gear-driven pump.
A test scroll compressor is designed and developed,the test results agreed with the theory.For developing the Nature Gas Scroll Compressors,this paper proposed how to improve the equipment's performance.
引文
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[5]赵远扬,李连生等.涡旋压缩机研究概述[J].流体机械,2002,30(9):28-31
[6]屈宗长,王迪生.涡旋压缩机研究现状与展望[J].压缩机技术,1998,148(2):3-6
[7]冯健美,屈宗长.涡旋压缩机的发展优势和关键技术[J].中国机械工程,2002,13(19):1706-1708
[8]李超,赵荣珍,刘振全.驱动轴承内嵌式涡旋压缩机动力特性分析[J].兰州理工大学学报,2007,33(5):55-59
[9]彭斌,刘振全等.变频涡旋压缩机的研究与应用[J].兰州理工大学学报,2005,31(1):60-64
[10]杨育民,乔宗亮.带背压机构的涡旋压缩机润滑系统的研究[J].流体工程,1993,21(10):44-48
[11]陈志明,熊则男.含油率对涡旋压缩机压缩过程的影响[J].西安交通大学学报,1995,29(7):114-120
[12]李超,赵荣珍,刘振全,海建中.涡旋式空气压缩机润滑系统的研究[J].润滑与密封,2004,(4):104-105
[13]陈志明,熊则男,刘四虎.涡旋压缩机曲柄销滑动轴承油膜的温度和压力分布研究[J].压缩机技术,1996,(6):3-6
[14]赵兴艳,刘振全.涡旋压缩机润滑系统润滑油量优化分析[J].甘肃工业大学学报,1997,23(2):37-40
[15]屈宗长,程志明,王迪生.车用涡旋空调压缩机含油量优化[J].河北工业科技,1998,15(2),:1-4
[16]胡青,金立军,谢金花.制冷剂含油对汽车空调压缩机性能影响的实验研究[J].流体机械,2004,32(14):8-11
[17]屈宗长,朱杰,李心伟,王迪生.多级涡旋压缩机压力比与喷油量的优化[J].西安交通大学学报,1995,29(11):44-48
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