两相厌氧—好氧组合工艺处理制药废水的试验研究
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摘要
本论文采用两相厌氧-好氧组合工艺,选择了两种典型的高浓度制药废水作为研究对象。针对抗生素废水含有高硫酸盐的特点,采用中试规模的酸相UASB-气提脱硫-甲烷相UASB-SBR工艺对其进行处理,研究了该工艺的启动及处理效果,优化了各工段的运行参数。采用水解酸化-UASB-SBR工艺处理金黄色素和胆固醇混合制药废水,对该工艺在工程应用中的调试运行进行了研究,确定各工段运行参数,并对废水中污染物质的去除情况和UASB中污泥培养进行了分析讨论。
试验研究结果表明:
Ⅰ采用中试规模的酸相UASB-气提脱硫-甲烷相UASB-SBR工艺处理高硫酸盐抗生素废水,当系统进水COD_(Cr)为10680～14140mg/L,硫酸盐浓度为1280～1610mg/L时,系统出水中COD_(Cr)为760～1020mg/L,COD_(Cr)平均去除率为92.8%,硫酸盐平均去除率为87.7%;在进出水pH值分别为5.5及6.5,进水硫酸盐平均负荷为1.4 kg/(m~3·d),上流速度为0.5m/h的情况下,酸相UASB对硫酸盐的平均去除率可达86.1%;HRT为3.8h、进水pH为6.5的情况下,气提脱硫器对硫化物的平均去除率可达86.3%;废水脱硫后,可保持甲烷相UASB中的硫化物低于90mg/L,进水COD_(Cr)负荷达到5.2kg/m~3·d时,COD_(Cr)去除率为50.6～56.5%;控制SBR反应器的进水COD_(Cr)负荷为1.3kg/(m~3·d)左右,MLSS为4.0±0.5g/L,DO在1.5～4.0mg/L范围内,SBR对于COD_(Cr)、氨氮的去除率分别为81.6%、98.6%。
Ⅱ采用水解酸化-UASB-SBR处理金黄色素和胆固醇混合生产废水,结果表明:水解酸化池中填加球形生物填料,采用曝气搅拌,成功启动后,出水较进水的VFA平均增大10mmol/L,B/C提高了约0.1,COD_(Cr)平均去除率可达7%;UASB运行稳定后,进水COD_(Cr)容积负荷达到4.8kg/(m~3·d),进水COD_(Cr)基本在6800～7600mg/L范围内变化,出水为750～900mg/L,COD_(Cr)去除率在85%以上;UASB进水硫酸盐低于500mg/L时,COD_(Cr)去除率大于85%。UASB进水硫酸盐在1000～2600mg/L时,产甲烷菌会受到明显抑制,使得COD_(Cr)去除率降至80%以下。在MLSS为3000～5000mg/L,气水比45∶1的条件下,SBR出水COD_(Cr)为180～270mg/L,氨氮小于20mg/L,水质各项指标达到国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978—1996)二级标准。
In this paper,the combined process of two-phase anaerobic and aerobic was used.Two types of typical high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater were chosen as research objects.To the characteristic of high sulfate in antibiotics wastewater, the pilot-scale acid phase UASB-gas stripping desulfurization-methane phase UASB-SBR process was used to deal with it.The starting and the treatment effect of the process were studied and the operational parameters of each section were optimized. Hydrolytic acidification-UASB-SBR process was used to treat aluminon and cholesterol mixed pharmaceutical wastewater.The debugging operation of the process in the engineering application was studied and the operational parameters of each section were determined.Otherwise,the removal of materials in wastewater and the cultivation of sludge in UASB were analysed and discussed.
The results of the study showed that:
Ⅰ.Using the pilot-scale acid phase UASB-gas stripping desulfurization-methane phase UASB-SBR process to treat antibiotics wastewater with high concentration sulfate,when the influent COD_(Cr)was 10680～14140mg/L and sulfate was 1280～1610mg/L,the effluent COD_(Cr)of 760～1020mg/L,COD_(Cr)average removal rate of 92.8%and sulfate average removal rate of 87.7%were reached.When the pH values of influent and effluent was 5.5 and 6.5,the average sulfate load of influent was 1.4 kg/(m~3·d),the hydraulic load is 0.5m/h,the average removal rate of sulfate in acid phase UASB was up to 86.1%.When HRT was 3.8 hours,pH of influent was 6.5,gas stripping desulfurization got the average removal rate of sulfide up to 86.3%.After being desulfurized,sulfide in the methane phase UASB could be maintained below 90 mg/L.when influent COD_(Cr)load reached 5.2 kg/(m~3·d),removal rate of COD_(Cr)was 50.6～56.5%.Controlling the influent COD_(Cr)load around 1.3 kg/(m~3·d),MLSS 4.0±0.5 g/L,DO from 1.5 to 4.0 mg/L,COD_(Cr)removal rate of 81.6%and ammonia removal rate of 98.6%were reached in SBR.
Ⅱ.Using hydrolytic acidification-UASB-SBR process to treat aluminon and cholesterol mixed pharmaceutical wastewater,the results showed that:Appending spherical biologic filler in hydrolytic acidification pond and using aeration agitation, after successful starting,the VFA in effluent average increased 10mmol/L than in influent,B/C increased about 0.1,COD_(Cr)average removal rate was up to 7%.When UASB was stably operated,the influent volume load of COD_(Cr)reached 4.8 kg/(m~3·d). The COD_(Cr)of influent varied from 6800 to 7600 mg/L and was 750～900 mg/L in effluent.The removal rate of COD_(Cr)was 85%.When the influent sulfate was below 500 mg/L,the COD_(Cr)removal rate of UASB was up to 85%.When the influent sulfate of UASB was around 1000～2600mg/L,methanogenic bacteria would be significantly inhibited and the removal rate of COD_(Cr)droped to 80%.MLSS 3000～5000mg/L, volume ratio of air to water 45:1,the quality of SBR effluent with COD_(Cr)180～270mg/L and ammonia nitrogen less than 20mg/L attained the secondary criteria specified in the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB 8978-1996).
试验研究结果表明:
Ⅰ采用中试规模的酸相UASB-气提脱硫-甲烷相UASB-SBR工艺处理高硫酸盐抗生素废水,当系统进水COD_(Cr)为10680～14140mg/L,硫酸盐浓度为1280～1610mg/L时,系统出水中COD_(Cr)为760～1020mg/L,COD_(Cr)平均去除率为92.8%,硫酸盐平均去除率为87.7%;在进出水pH值分别为5.5及6.5,进水硫酸盐平均负荷为1.4 kg/(m~3·d),上流速度为0.5m/h的情况下,酸相UASB对硫酸盐的平均去除率可达86.1%;HRT为3.8h、进水pH为6.5的情况下,气提脱硫器对硫化物的平均去除率可达86.3%;废水脱硫后,可保持甲烷相UASB中的硫化物低于90mg/L,进水COD_(Cr)负荷达到5.2kg/m~3·d时,COD_(Cr)去除率为50.6～56.5%;控制SBR反应器的进水COD_(Cr)负荷为1.3kg/(m~3·d)左右,MLSS为4.0±0.5g/L,DO在1.5～4.0mg/L范围内,SBR对于COD_(Cr)、氨氮的去除率分别为81.6%、98.6%。
Ⅱ采用水解酸化-UASB-SBR处理金黄色素和胆固醇混合生产废水,结果表明:水解酸化池中填加球形生物填料,采用曝气搅拌,成功启动后,出水较进水的VFA平均增大10mmol/L,B/C提高了约0.1,COD_(Cr)平均去除率可达7%;UASB运行稳定后,进水COD_(Cr)容积负荷达到4.8kg/(m~3·d),进水COD_(Cr)基本在6800～7600mg/L范围内变化,出水为750～900mg/L,COD_(Cr)去除率在85%以上;UASB进水硫酸盐低于500mg/L时,COD_(Cr)去除率大于85%。UASB进水硫酸盐在1000～2600mg/L时,产甲烷菌会受到明显抑制,使得COD_(Cr)去除率降至80%以下。在MLSS为3000～5000mg/L,气水比45∶1的条件下,SBR出水COD_(Cr)为180～270mg/L,氨氮小于20mg/L,水质各项指标达到国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978—1996)二级标准。
In this paper,the combined process of two-phase anaerobic and aerobic was used.Two types of typical high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater were chosen as research objects.To the characteristic of high sulfate in antibiotics wastewater, the pilot-scale acid phase UASB-gas stripping desulfurization-methane phase UASB-SBR process was used to deal with it.The starting and the treatment effect of the process were studied and the operational parameters of each section were optimized. Hydrolytic acidification-UASB-SBR process was used to treat aluminon and cholesterol mixed pharmaceutical wastewater.The debugging operation of the process in the engineering application was studied and the operational parameters of each section were determined.Otherwise,the removal of materials in wastewater and the cultivation of sludge in UASB were analysed and discussed.
The results of the study showed that:
Ⅰ.Using the pilot-scale acid phase UASB-gas stripping desulfurization-methane phase UASB-SBR process to treat antibiotics wastewater with high concentration sulfate,when the influent COD_(Cr)was 10680～14140mg/L and sulfate was 1280～1610mg/L,the effluent COD_(Cr)of 760～1020mg/L,COD_(Cr)average removal rate of 92.8%and sulfate average removal rate of 87.7%were reached.When the pH values of influent and effluent was 5.5 and 6.5,the average sulfate load of influent was 1.4 kg/(m~3·d),the hydraulic load is 0.5m/h,the average removal rate of sulfate in acid phase UASB was up to 86.1%.When HRT was 3.8 hours,pH of influent was 6.5,gas stripping desulfurization got the average removal rate of sulfide up to 86.3%.After being desulfurized,sulfide in the methane phase UASB could be maintained below 90 mg/L.when influent COD_(Cr)load reached 5.2 kg/(m~3·d),removal rate of COD_(Cr)was 50.6～56.5%.Controlling the influent COD_(Cr)load around 1.3 kg/(m~3·d),MLSS 4.0±0.5 g/L,DO from 1.5 to 4.0 mg/L,COD_(Cr)removal rate of 81.6%and ammonia removal rate of 98.6%were reached in SBR.
Ⅱ.Using hydrolytic acidification-UASB-SBR process to treat aluminon and cholesterol mixed pharmaceutical wastewater,the results showed that:Appending spherical biologic filler in hydrolytic acidification pond and using aeration agitation, after successful starting,the VFA in effluent average increased 10mmol/L than in influent,B/C increased about 0.1,COD_(Cr)average removal rate was up to 7%.When UASB was stably operated,the influent volume load of COD_(Cr)reached 4.8 kg/(m~3·d). The COD_(Cr)of influent varied from 6800 to 7600 mg/L and was 750～900 mg/L in effluent.The removal rate of COD_(Cr)was 85%.When the influent sulfate was below 500 mg/L,the COD_(Cr)removal rate of UASB was up to 85%.When the influent sulfate of UASB was around 1000～2600mg/L,methanogenic bacteria would be significantly inhibited and the removal rate of COD_(Cr)droped to 80%.MLSS 3000～5000mg/L, volume ratio of air to water 45:1,the quality of SBR effluent with COD_(Cr)180～270mg/L and ammonia nitrogen less than 20mg/L attained the secondary criteria specified in the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB 8978-1996).
引文
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