税收筹划与企业融资
|
摘要
随着市场经济体制的建立和完善，无论是企业还是个人，要想在激烈的竞争环境中求得生存，必须提高经济效益，也就是说，在尽可能更多地获取收益的同时，尽可能减少成本费用支出。在企业各种成本费用支出中，国家税收是其中很重要的一部分，其数额的多少严重地影响着企业和个人的实际经济利益。因此做好税收筹划已成为现代企业财务管理的一项重要工作内容。
融资是企业资金活动的起点，是决定资金运动规模和生产经营发展程度的重要环节。在过去的融资决策中，企业考虑的因素主要是融资成本、融资风险、投资项目及其收益能力、资本结构、筹资对企业控制权的影响等，而很少考虑不同税收政策的影响。本论文研究的是如何将税收纳入影响企业融资决策的基本因素之中，在分析公司资本结构和价值关系的基础上，从理论上说明合理税收筹划有利于更好实现财务管理目标—企业价值最大化。
本文以融资与税收筹划之间相关性的理论研究为基础，结合案例分析的实证研究方法，系统研究分析了税收筹划与企业融资的目的、关系，并结合案例分析其具体的应用问题。论文共分为五章：第一章为绪论，对论文研究的时代背景和研究的目的与意义做了一些阐述；第二章介绍了税收筹划与企业融资的基础知识和相关性，意在为以后各章的分析论述奠定理论研究的基础。第三章详细论述了企业融资中进行税收筹划的必要性、可行性；第四章为正文的核心部分，论述了所得税对融资结构影响及应用分析，通过对资本结构理论的分析，从理论上说明税收对企业融资资本结构的影响，明确合理进行税收筹划的目的在于使企业融资资本结构最优化，促进企业实现财务管理的目标。第五章探讨分析企业在融资管理中如何进行税收筹划。
With the establishment and perfection of market economics system, whoever should enhance it's economic benefit, this means that they must reduce the expenditure and costs of their own while making the most profits. As a large one among all the expenditure and costs, the sum of tax seriously affects the true economic benefits of enterprises and individuals. All of this brings out the tax planning.
As an important part of financing management, financing is not only a beginning of Enterprise operation, but also the basis of enterprise development, the factors that policy makers consider often are financing costs, financing risk, investing items, profit capacity, capital structure and etc while making decisions in the past time, they seldom consider the effects of tax policy.
This dissertation discusses how to apply tax into enterprise financing. It proves in theory that reasonable tax planning helps to realize the goal of value maximization by analyzing the relationship of capital structure and enterprise value.
The article divides into five parts totally. Chapter one is an introduction, including the research intention and it's background. The second chapter introduces the basic theory of the tax panning and enterprise financing, which will bring out the following discusses. The third one discusses the necessity and feasibility of tax planning applied in enterprise financing. Chapter four is the core of this dissertation, it discusses the relationship of capital structure and enterprise value with tax being an important factor in them, it proves in theory that tax indeed effects the capital structure, it also tells us that reasonable tax planning helps to realize the goal of value maximization. Chapter five is the tax planning in enterprise financing when there are many tax policies available.
融资是企业资金活动的起点，是决定资金运动规模和生产经营发展程度的重要环节。在过去的融资决策中，企业考虑的因素主要是融资成本、融资风险、投资项目及其收益能力、资本结构、筹资对企业控制权的影响等，而很少考虑不同税收政策的影响。本论文研究的是如何将税收纳入影响企业融资决策的基本因素之中，在分析公司资本结构和价值关系的基础上，从理论上说明合理税收筹划有利于更好实现财务管理目标—企业价值最大化。
本文以融资与税收筹划之间相关性的理论研究为基础，结合案例分析的实证研究方法，系统研究分析了税收筹划与企业融资的目的、关系，并结合案例分析其具体的应用问题。论文共分为五章：第一章为绪论，对论文研究的时代背景和研究的目的与意义做了一些阐述；第二章介绍了税收筹划与企业融资的基础知识和相关性，意在为以后各章的分析论述奠定理论研究的基础。第三章详细论述了企业融资中进行税收筹划的必要性、可行性；第四章为正文的核心部分，论述了所得税对融资结构影响及应用分析，通过对资本结构理论的分析，从理论上说明税收对企业融资资本结构的影响，明确合理进行税收筹划的目的在于使企业融资资本结构最优化，促进企业实现财务管理的目标。第五章探讨分析企业在融资管理中如何进行税收筹划。
With the establishment and perfection of market economics system, whoever should enhance it's economic benefit, this means that they must reduce the expenditure and costs of their own while making the most profits. As a large one among all the expenditure and costs, the sum of tax seriously affects the true economic benefits of enterprises and individuals. All of this brings out the tax planning.
As an important part of financing management, financing is not only a beginning of Enterprise operation, but also the basis of enterprise development, the factors that policy makers consider often are financing costs, financing risk, investing items, profit capacity, capital structure and etc while making decisions in the past time, they seldom consider the effects of tax policy.
This dissertation discusses how to apply tax into enterprise financing. It proves in theory that reasonable tax planning helps to realize the goal of value maximization by analyzing the relationship of capital structure and enterprise value.
The article divides into five parts totally. Chapter one is an introduction, including the research intention and it's background. The second chapter introduces the basic theory of the tax panning and enterprise financing, which will bring out the following discusses. The third one discusses the necessity and feasibility of tax planning applied in enterprise financing. Chapter four is the core of this dissertation, it discusses the relationship of capital structure and enterprise value with tax being an important factor in them, it proves in theory that tax indeed effects the capital structure, it also tells us that reasonable tax planning helps to realize the goal of value maximization. Chapter five is the tax planning in enterprise financing when there are many tax policies available.
引文
[1]．于海华．客户群价值资本化-网络股价值评估新思维．天则经济研究所网，http://www.unirule.org.cn/Industry/cchan 1503.htm
[2]．王韬，刘芳．企业税收筹划．科学出版社，2002．33
[3]．唐向．税收筹划研究方法．中国税务报，2000-2-15
[4]．税收筹划能否成为阳光行动．中华财税网，http:/www.taxguide.net.cn/fwqhtm/fwqssch/chrd/chrd006.htm
[5]．王韬，刘芳．企业税收筹划．科学出版社，2002．35
[6]．国际税收辞汇[M]．国际财政文献局．
[7]．唐腾翔．税收筹划．中国财政经济出版社，1994
[8]．盖地．税务会计与纳税筹划．东北财经大学出版社，2001．357
[9]．张中秀．纳税筹划宝典．机械工业出版社，2001．357
[10]．蔡昌．税收筹划．海天出版社，2003．310
[11]．蔡昌．税收筹划．海天出版社，2003．312
[12]．杨智敏，刘向明，涂红波．走出纳税筹划误区．机械工业出版社，2002．62
[13]．杨淑娥，胡元木．财务管理研究．经济科学出版社，2002．136
[14]．陈晓红．中小企业融资．经济科学出版社，2001
[15]. Stewart C Myers. the Capital Structure Puzzle. Journal of Finance. July 1984.Volume 39.Issue 3.
[16]．梁云凤．所得税筹划策略与实务．中国财政经济出版社，2001．366
[17]．吴应宇，陈良华．公司财务管理．石油工业出版社，2003．42
[18]．尹音频，刘科．税收筹划．西南财经大学出版社，2002．566
[19]．宋献中，沈肇章．税务筹划与企业财务管理．暨南大学出版社，2002．100；87
[20]．盖地．税务会计与纳税筹划．东北财经大学出版社，2001．408
[21]．余文声．纳税筹划技巧．广东经济出版社，2003
[22]. D.Durand.Cost of Debt and Equity Fund for Business: Trends and Problems of Measurement. in National Bureau of Economic.Research.Conference .On Research Business Finance. New York. 1952.215-247
[23]. D.Durand. Cost of Debt and Equity Fund for Business: Trends and Problem of Measurement. Conference on Business Finance. New York. 1952
[24]. F.Modigliani, M.H.Miller. the Cost of Capital. Corporation Finance and the Investment Theory. American Economic Review.June 1958.261-293.
[25]. F.Modigliani and M.H.Miller. Corporation Income and the Cost of Capital:a Correction. American Economic Review. June 1963.433-443
[26]. Merton Miller. Debt and Taxes. The Journal of Finance.May 1977
[27]. M.H.Mille.the Modigliani-Miller. Proposition after Thirty Years. Journal Of Economic Perspectives.Fall 1988
[28]．卢福财．企业融资效率．经济管理出版社，2001．96
[29]．企业多元化筹资的财务决策．中国烟草在线，http://www.tobaccochina.com/manage/data/20044/s08153419.htm
[30]．朱叶，王伟．公司财务学．上海人民出版社，2002．140
[31]．威廉．L．麦金森．公司财务理论．刘明辉．译东北财经大学出版社，2002．315
[32]. James C. Van Horne, John M.Wachowicz Jr. Fundamentals of Financial Management. 清华大学出版社，2001.478
[33]. Hamada Robert S, Myron S. Scholes. Taxes and Corporate Financial Management. Recent Advance in Corporate Finance. 1985
[34]．周继民，王国防．财务管理学．首都经济贸易大学出版社，2001．266
[35]．投资与筹资的纳税筹划分析．新特思财税网，http://www.sunjz.com/showplan.asp?art_id=149&cat_id=12
[36]．盖地 税务会计与纳税筹划 东北财经大学出版社，2001．408
[37]．张中秀．纳税筹划宝典．机械工业出版社，2002．212—214
[38]．盯住临界值做文章—未经批准从事融资租赁业务单位的税收筹划．海峡财经导报网，http://www.hxcjdb.com/News/MLB80/20040102151731.htm
[39]．税法．注册会计师全国统一考试指定辅导教材．经济科学出版社，2003．223
[40]．中国企业融资的啄食顺序的原因分析．经济学家网站，http://www.jjxi.com.cn/news detail.jsp?keyno=2274
[41]．张中秀．纳税筹划宝典．机械工业出版社，2002．397—398
[2]．王韬，刘芳．企业税收筹划．科学出版社，2002．33
[3]．唐向．税收筹划研究方法．中国税务报，2000-2-15
[4]．税收筹划能否成为阳光行动．中华财税网，http:/www.taxguide.net.cn/fwqhtm/fwqssch/chrd/chrd006.htm
[5]．王韬，刘芳．企业税收筹划．科学出版社，2002．35
[6]．国际税收辞汇[M]．国际财政文献局．
[7]．唐腾翔．税收筹划．中国财政经济出版社，1994
[8]．盖地．税务会计与纳税筹划．东北财经大学出版社，2001．357
[9]．张中秀．纳税筹划宝典．机械工业出版社，2001．357
[10]．蔡昌．税收筹划．海天出版社，2003．310
[11]．蔡昌．税收筹划．海天出版社，2003．312
[12]．杨智敏，刘向明，涂红波．走出纳税筹划误区．机械工业出版社，2002．62
[13]．杨淑娥，胡元木．财务管理研究．经济科学出版社，2002．136
[14]．陈晓红．中小企业融资．经济科学出版社，2001
[15]. Stewart C Myers. the Capital Structure Puzzle. Journal of Finance. July 1984.Volume 39.Issue 3.
[16]．梁云凤．所得税筹划策略与实务．中国财政经济出版社，2001．366
[17]．吴应宇，陈良华．公司财务管理．石油工业出版社，2003．42
[18]．尹音频，刘科．税收筹划．西南财经大学出版社，2002．566
[19]．宋献中，沈肇章．税务筹划与企业财务管理．暨南大学出版社，2002．100；87
[20]．盖地．税务会计与纳税筹划．东北财经大学出版社，2001．408
[21]．余文声．纳税筹划技巧．广东经济出版社，2003
[22]. D.Durand.Cost of Debt and Equity Fund for Business: Trends and Problems of Measurement. in National Bureau of Economic.Research.Conference .On Research Business Finance. New York. 1952.215-247
[23]. D.Durand. Cost of Debt and Equity Fund for Business: Trends and Problem of Measurement. Conference on Business Finance. New York. 1952
[24]. F.Modigliani, M.H.Miller. the Cost of Capital. Corporation Finance and the Investment Theory. American Economic Review.June 1958.261-293.
[25]. F.Modigliani and M.H.Miller. Corporation Income and the Cost of Capital:a Correction. American Economic Review. June 1963.433-443
[26]. Merton Miller. Debt and Taxes. The Journal of Finance.May 1977
[27]. M.H.Mille.the Modigliani-Miller. Proposition after Thirty Years. Journal Of Economic Perspectives.Fall 1988
[28]．卢福财．企业融资效率．经济管理出版社，2001．96
[29]．企业多元化筹资的财务决策．中国烟草在线，http://www.tobaccochina.com/manage/data/20044/s08153419.htm
[30]．朱叶，王伟．公司财务学．上海人民出版社，2002．140
[31]．威廉．L．麦金森．公司财务理论．刘明辉．译东北财经大学出版社，2002．315
[32]. James C. Van Horne, John M.Wachowicz Jr. Fundamentals of Financial Management. 清华大学出版社，2001.478
[33]. Hamada Robert S, Myron S. Scholes. Taxes and Corporate Financial Management. Recent Advance in Corporate Finance. 1985
[34]．周继民，王国防．财务管理学．首都经济贸易大学出版社，2001．266
[35]．投资与筹资的纳税筹划分析．新特思财税网，http://www.sunjz.com/showplan.asp?art_id=149&cat_id=12
[36]．盖地 税务会计与纳税筹划 东北财经大学出版社，2001．408
[37]．张中秀．纳税筹划宝典．机械工业出版社，2002．212—214
[38]．盯住临界值做文章—未经批准从事融资租赁业务单位的税收筹划．海峡财经导报网，http://www.hxcjdb.com/News/MLB80/20040102151731.htm
[39]．税法．注册会计师全国统一考试指定辅导教材．经济科学出版社，2003．223
[40]．中国企业融资的啄食顺序的原因分析．经济学家网站，http://www.jjxi.com.cn/news detail.jsp?keyno=2274
[41]．张中秀．纳税筹划宝典．机械工业出版社，2002．397—398