B2C电子商务企业物流网络优化研究
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摘要
随着网民人数的增加,越来越多的人选择网上购物。在此情形下,B2C电子商务企业趁势快速发展,然物流直接影响着企业的发展。B2C电子商务交易的特性使得物流活动繁杂化,而且因为信息不全、产品质量等问题,退货问题也成为了B2C电子商务交易中的一大难点问题。如何在低成本的条件下完成企业的物流配送,是企业管理者需解决的问题。
文章首先阐述了B2C电子商务的研究背景和理论基础。其次,分析了B2C电子商务企业的物流网络的发展现状,阐述了B2C电子商务企业的物流网络结构、发展趋势,探讨了B2C电子商务企业物流网络存在的问题。为了降低B2C电子商务企业运营成本,快速处理退货,本文结合其物流网络配送的特点从物流网络节点和路径两方面优化了带有退货的B2C电子商务企业物流网络,首先优化了物流网络的节点,选择部分节点进行改扩建使其具有回收功能,其次再确定好退货点的基础上优化其配送路径。最后,将模型应用于案例,对案例企业的物流网络进行优化。
本文共有图8个,表7个,参考文献40篇。
With the increasing number of Internet users, more and more people select online shopping. In this case, the B2C E-commerce enterprises have also been rapid development, but the logistics directly influences the development of these enterprises. The characteristics of B2C E-commerce transactions make logistics activities complex, and because of problems about incomplete information, product quality, goods return has become a large and difficult problem in B2C E-commerce transactions. How to delivery of goods in the conditions of low-cost distribution, it needs business managers to address the problem.
The article first studies the background and theories of the B2C E-commerce. Then, it analyzes the development status of B2C E-commerce enterprise logistics network, expounds the B2C E-commerce enterprise logistics network structure and development trend, it also discusses the problems of B2C E-commerce enterprise logistics network. In order to reduce the operation cost of B2C E-commerce enterprise, processing return goods rapidly, this paper building the optimization model with the reverse logistics network in the fundamental of its logistics network distribution characteristics, it optimizes the original nodes and selected parts of these nodes to let them have recovery function, and optimize the distribution paths. Finally, the model is applied to a case in order to optimize the case enterprise's logistics network.
This paper includes8Figures,7Tables and40References.
文章首先阐述了B2C电子商务的研究背景和理论基础。其次,分析了B2C电子商务企业的物流网络的发展现状,阐述了B2C电子商务企业的物流网络结构、发展趋势,探讨了B2C电子商务企业物流网络存在的问题。为了降低B2C电子商务企业运营成本,快速处理退货,本文结合其物流网络配送的特点从物流网络节点和路径两方面优化了带有退货的B2C电子商务企业物流网络,首先优化了物流网络的节点,选择部分节点进行改扩建使其具有回收功能,其次再确定好退货点的基础上优化其配送路径。最后,将模型应用于案例,对案例企业的物流网络进行优化。
本文共有图8个,表7个,参考文献40篇。
With the increasing number of Internet users, more and more people select online shopping. In this case, the B2C E-commerce enterprises have also been rapid development, but the logistics directly influences the development of these enterprises. The characteristics of B2C E-commerce transactions make logistics activities complex, and because of problems about incomplete information, product quality, goods return has become a large and difficult problem in B2C E-commerce transactions. How to delivery of goods in the conditions of low-cost distribution, it needs business managers to address the problem.
The article first studies the background and theories of the B2C E-commerce. Then, it analyzes the development status of B2C E-commerce enterprise logistics network, expounds the B2C E-commerce enterprise logistics network structure and development trend, it also discusses the problems of B2C E-commerce enterprise logistics network. In order to reduce the operation cost of B2C E-commerce enterprise, processing return goods rapidly, this paper building the optimization model with the reverse logistics network in the fundamental of its logistics network distribution characteristics, it optimizes the original nodes and selected parts of these nodes to let them have recovery function, and optimize the distribution paths. Finally, the model is applied to a case in order to optimize the case enterprise's logistics network.
This paper includes8Figures,7Tables and40References.
引文
[1]http://www.gov.cn/2011lh/content_1825233.htm
[2]http://www.gov.cn/test/2012-02/15/content_2067314.htm
[3]中国互联网络信息中心.第29次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R].北京：中国互联网络信息中心,2012
[4]范月娇.电子商务发展的物流瓶颈问题分析.商业时代,2004,(17)：51-52
[5]Editorial. Research and applications in e-commerce and third-party logistics management[J]. International Journal of production economics.2008.113:123-126
[6]曹娟,李良.浅析电子商务的概念[J].中国商界,2009(5)：85
[7]蒋忠中.B2C电子商务中物流配送系统的模型与算法研究[D].沈阳：东北大学,2006
[8]http://www.chinaz.com/news/2010/1230/152153.shtml
[9]Editorial. Research and applications in e-commerce and third-party logistics management[J]. International Journal of production economics.2008.113:123-126
[10]董维忠.物流系统规划与设计[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.46-56
[11]赵国君,李辉.电子商务对物流发展的影响[J].北京邮电大学学报(社会科学版),2003,5(2)：26-29
[12]范月娇.电子商务发展的物流瓶颈问题分析[J].商业时代,2004,(17)：51-52
[13]李子凡.企业物流管理与电子商务的关系探讨[J].现代商业,2011,(18)：10-11
[14]HaulLee, Seungin Whang. Winning the last mile of e-commerce[J].MIT Sloan Management Review,2001,42 (4):54-62
[15]刘婵媛,卢金鹏.B2C电子商务企业的物流模式研究[J].物流技术,2005,(1)：76-79
[16]张明,张秀芬,刘晖等.基于“云仓储”和“云物流”的电子商务大物流模式研究[J].商场现代化,2011,(17)：35-37
[17]陈舫琦,潘开灵.电子商务“最后一米”探析——基于AHP的物流模式决策的分析[J]中国物流与采购.2011,(24)：72-73
[18]刘旭.电子商务环境下物流模式选择研究[J].时代经贸：下旬,2009,(11)：119-120
[19]Sarvary M V Padmanabhan. The Informational Role of Manufacturer Returns Policies: How They Can Help in Learning the Demand[J]Marketing Letters,2001,124(4):341-350
[20]Websters, Weng Z K. A Risk Free Perishable Item Returns Policy [J]. Manufacturing& Service Operations Management,2000,2(1):85-94
[21]R Canan Savaskan, Bhattacharya, Van Wassenhovc. Closed—Loop Supply Chain Modcls[J]. Management Science,2004,50(2):239-252
[22]Ramakrishnan Ramanathan. An empirical analysis on the influence of risk on relationships between handling of product returns and customer loyalty in E-commerce[J]. Int. J. Production Economics,2011, (130):255-261
[23]李莹.B2C电子商务模式下的退货策略分析[J].物流科技,2010,(11)：67-69
[24]翟春娟,李永建.B2C模式下的在线零售商退货策略研究[J].管理工程学报,2011,(1)：62-68
[25]李菲.基于电子商务的逆向物流策略研究[J].铁道运输与经济,2009,31(8)：74-77
[26]冯芳媛,张丽华,李阿慧.B2C电子商务中带退货的多配送站点车辆路径优化问题研究[J].物流科技,2011,(7)：15-19
[27]蒋忠中,汪定伟.B2C电子商务配送中心选址优化模型[J].控制与决策.2005,20(10)：1125-1128,1136
[28]刘智勇.B2C电子商务物流配送中心选址模型研究[J].物流科技.2006,29(10)：22-25
[29]刘必争,毛超.电子商务下的配送中心选址问题及其优化[J].系统工程.2008,26(10)：17-21
[30]苏一丹,李桂.电子商务物流管理信息系统中最优(佳)径算法的研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2002,(18)：182-183,225
[31]蒋忠中,汪定伟.B2C电子商务中物流配送路径优化的模型与算法[J].信息与控制,2005,34(4)：481-485
[32]李维健.B2C电子商务模式下物流配送路径优化问题研究[D].北京,北京交通大学,2006
[33]陈凯,王祖锦.B2C行业的物流网络战略规划[J].物流技术与应用,2011,(11)：27-33
[34]崔会芬.商业退回逆向物流网络优化模型研究[J].物流工程与管理,2010,32(3)：50-52
[35]施路.电子商务中购物网站的网点式物流配送模式研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,2008
[36]秦寰宇.大型网购企业配送网络优化研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2011
[37]刘蓉.基于ANP-DEA方法的电子商务企业物流网络绩效评价[D].北京：北京交通大学,2011
[38]王云.铁路集装箱运输企业经营网点布局研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2009
[39]http://www.linkshop.com.cn/web/archives/2012/201391.shtml
[40]Liu S.C., Lin C.C. A two-phrase heuristic method for the multi-depot location routing problem taking inventory control decisions into consideration [J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2003, 22(11):941-950
[2]http://www.gov.cn/test/2012-02/15/content_2067314.htm
[3]中国互联网络信息中心.第29次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R].北京：中国互联网络信息中心,2012
[4]范月娇.电子商务发展的物流瓶颈问题分析.商业时代,2004,(17)：51-52
[5]Editorial. Research and applications in e-commerce and third-party logistics management[J]. International Journal of production economics.2008.113:123-126
[6]曹娟,李良.浅析电子商务的概念[J].中国商界,2009(5)：85
[7]蒋忠中.B2C电子商务中物流配送系统的模型与算法研究[D].沈阳：东北大学,2006
[8]http://www.chinaz.com/news/2010/1230/152153.shtml
[9]Editorial. Research and applications in e-commerce and third-party logistics management[J]. International Journal of production economics.2008.113:123-126
[10]董维忠.物流系统规划与设计[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.46-56
[11]赵国君,李辉.电子商务对物流发展的影响[J].北京邮电大学学报(社会科学版),2003,5(2)：26-29
[12]范月娇.电子商务发展的物流瓶颈问题分析[J].商业时代,2004,(17)：51-52
[13]李子凡.企业物流管理与电子商务的关系探讨[J].现代商业,2011,(18)：10-11
[14]HaulLee, Seungin Whang. Winning the last mile of e-commerce[J].MIT Sloan Management Review,2001,42 (4):54-62
[15]刘婵媛,卢金鹏.B2C电子商务企业的物流模式研究[J].物流技术,2005,(1)：76-79
[16]张明,张秀芬,刘晖等.基于“云仓储”和“云物流”的电子商务大物流模式研究[J].商场现代化,2011,(17)：35-37
[17]陈舫琦,潘开灵.电子商务“最后一米”探析——基于AHP的物流模式决策的分析[J]中国物流与采购.2011,(24)：72-73
[18]刘旭.电子商务环境下物流模式选择研究[J].时代经贸：下旬,2009,(11)：119-120
[19]Sarvary M V Padmanabhan. The Informational Role of Manufacturer Returns Policies: How They Can Help in Learning the Demand[J]Marketing Letters,2001,124(4):341-350
[20]Websters, Weng Z K. A Risk Free Perishable Item Returns Policy [J]. Manufacturing& Service Operations Management,2000,2(1):85-94
[21]R Canan Savaskan, Bhattacharya, Van Wassenhovc. Closed—Loop Supply Chain Modcls[J]. Management Science,2004,50(2):239-252
[22]Ramakrishnan Ramanathan. An empirical analysis on the influence of risk on relationships between handling of product returns and customer loyalty in E-commerce[J]. Int. J. Production Economics,2011, (130):255-261
[23]李莹.B2C电子商务模式下的退货策略分析[J].物流科技,2010,(11)：67-69
[24]翟春娟,李永建.B2C模式下的在线零售商退货策略研究[J].管理工程学报,2011,(1)：62-68
[25]李菲.基于电子商务的逆向物流策略研究[J].铁道运输与经济,2009,31(8)：74-77
[26]冯芳媛,张丽华,李阿慧.B2C电子商务中带退货的多配送站点车辆路径优化问题研究[J].物流科技,2011,(7)：15-19
[27]蒋忠中,汪定伟.B2C电子商务配送中心选址优化模型[J].控制与决策.2005,20(10)：1125-1128,1136
[28]刘智勇.B2C电子商务物流配送中心选址模型研究[J].物流科技.2006,29(10)：22-25
[29]刘必争,毛超.电子商务下的配送中心选址问题及其优化[J].系统工程.2008,26(10)：17-21
[30]苏一丹,李桂.电子商务物流管理信息系统中最优(佳)径算法的研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2002,(18)：182-183,225
[31]蒋忠中,汪定伟.B2C电子商务中物流配送路径优化的模型与算法[J].信息与控制,2005,34(4)：481-485
[32]李维健.B2C电子商务模式下物流配送路径优化问题研究[D].北京,北京交通大学,2006
[33]陈凯,王祖锦.B2C行业的物流网络战略规划[J].物流技术与应用,2011,(11)：27-33
[34]崔会芬.商业退回逆向物流网络优化模型研究[J].物流工程与管理,2010,32(3)：50-52
[35]施路.电子商务中购物网站的网点式物流配送模式研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,2008
[36]秦寰宇.大型网购企业配送网络优化研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2011
[37]刘蓉.基于ANP-DEA方法的电子商务企业物流网络绩效评价[D].北京：北京交通大学,2011
[38]王云.铁路集装箱运输企业经营网点布局研究[D].北京：北京交通大学,2009
[39]http://www.linkshop.com.cn/web/archives/2012/201391.shtml
[40]Liu S.C., Lin C.C. A two-phrase heuristic method for the multi-depot location routing problem taking inventory control decisions into consideration [J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2003, 22(11):941-950