基于RFID井下定位系统的设计与实现
摘要
面对煤炭企业错综复杂的井下作业环境,地面人员只有依靠先进的监控设备才能及时了解井下人员、车辆的位置,对人员和车辆进行实时的监控、管理和调度,以免因人员疏忽、通道堵塞、车辆碰撞等造成的损失,一旦事故发生,监控设备还可以帮助地面人员实时地掌握被困人员的分布信息,及时有效地制定出抢救方案,以避免灾难的进一步扩大,将损失降到最低。因此,井下定位系统的研究与实现有着重要的应用价值。
论文利用RFID技术来实现对煤炭行业井下人员及车辆的安全管理,并设计了一套基于RFID的井下人员定位系统。该系统主要由硬件和软件两部分组成,硬件部分是由安装在各个监测点巷道壁上的阅读器和井下人员或车辆上携带的标签组成,当标签经过某个阅读器时,阅读器对标签进行识别,再将标签信息通过RS485总线返回到地面监控PC。软件部分由采集分析服务、服务配置程序、WEB客户端程序、井口LED控制程序、井下设备分布图绘图工具软件、考勤分析服务和SQLSERVER数据库系统等七个部分组成,通过对收集标签信息进行加工处理,为地面人员提供了实时监控界面与控制终端,实现对井下人员及车辆的定位。应用于井下作业管理的RFID系统,可以实现在事故发生时对某一特定节点的搜索工作,具有辅助救援的作用。
整套系统是在RFID射频识别技术的基础上搭建的一条地面上下沟通的桥梁,为井下作业管理提供了先进的、实用的解决方案,对改善井下安全生产管理有着重要的现实意义。
Coal resources，as main energy resources and fundamental raw materials, occupies anextremely strategic position in the national economy of a country. However, the highfrequency of coalmine accidents in recent years has raisen the alert to the red in this industry.Taking account of the complicated underground working environment, the personnel on theground must use advanced monitoring equipment to position the personnel and vehiclesunderground in a timely manner. Then real-time monitoring，management and dispatchingcould avoid losses resulted from negligence，tunnel plugging and vehicle collision．Evenwhen the accident occurs，monitoring eqmpment can also help the personnel on the groundformulate a rescue plan according to position of the victim,in order to avoid expansion ofdisaster and reduce the losses to minimum.Therefore,research and Implementation of theunderground location system has an important application value.
This thesis uses the RFID technology to realize safety management of undergroundpersonnel and vehicles, and underground personnel positioning system based on RFID isdesigned for this purpose. This system is composed of two parts, namely hardware andsoftware. The hardware of the system is made up of the readers at the monitoring points onthe laneway’s wall and the tags on the underground personnel or vehicles.When the tag passesthe readers, the reader can identify the tag and return such tag information to the groundcontrol center through RS485-bus.The software of system is made up of seven parts,which areAcquisition analysis services,Service configuration program,WEB Client program,WellheadLED control program, Distribution of underground equipment drawing tools, Attendanceanalysis services and SQL SERVER database system. The software can, through processingthe tag information collected, provide real time mornitoring interface and terminal control, realizing the positioning of underground personnel and vehicles. Such a system as asupplementary rescue method utilized in the underground operation management can conductthe searching work at a specific node when the accident occurs.
The entire system, being a communication bridge between the personnel on the groundand underground on the basis of RFID technology, provides an advanced and practicalsolution to underground operation management，which has important practical significance tosafety production and management underground.
论文利用RFID技术来实现对煤炭行业井下人员及车辆的安全管理,并设计了一套基于RFID的井下人员定位系统。该系统主要由硬件和软件两部分组成,硬件部分是由安装在各个监测点巷道壁上的阅读器和井下人员或车辆上携带的标签组成,当标签经过某个阅读器时,阅读器对标签进行识别,再将标签信息通过RS485总线返回到地面监控PC。软件部分由采集分析服务、服务配置程序、WEB客户端程序、井口LED控制程序、井下设备分布图绘图工具软件、考勤分析服务和SQLSERVER数据库系统等七个部分组成,通过对收集标签信息进行加工处理,为地面人员提供了实时监控界面与控制终端,实现对井下人员及车辆的定位。应用于井下作业管理的RFID系统,可以实现在事故发生时对某一特定节点的搜索工作,具有辅助救援的作用。
整套系统是在RFID射频识别技术的基础上搭建的一条地面上下沟通的桥梁,为井下作业管理提供了先进的、实用的解决方案,对改善井下安全生产管理有着重要的现实意义。
Coal resources，as main energy resources and fundamental raw materials, occupies anextremely strategic position in the national economy of a country. However, the highfrequency of coalmine accidents in recent years has raisen the alert to the red in this industry.Taking account of the complicated underground working environment, the personnel on theground must use advanced monitoring equipment to position the personnel and vehiclesunderground in a timely manner. Then real-time monitoring，management and dispatchingcould avoid losses resulted from negligence，tunnel plugging and vehicle collision．Evenwhen the accident occurs，monitoring eqmpment can also help the personnel on the groundformulate a rescue plan according to position of the victim,in order to avoid expansion ofdisaster and reduce the losses to minimum.Therefore,research and Implementation of theunderground location system has an important application value.
This thesis uses the RFID technology to realize safety management of undergroundpersonnel and vehicles, and underground personnel positioning system based on RFID isdesigned for this purpose. This system is composed of two parts, namely hardware andsoftware. The hardware of the system is made up of the readers at the monitoring points onthe laneway’s wall and the tags on the underground personnel or vehicles.When the tag passesthe readers, the reader can identify the tag and return such tag information to the groundcontrol center through RS485-bus.The software of system is made up of seven parts,which areAcquisition analysis services,Service configuration program,WEB Client program,WellheadLED control program, Distribution of underground equipment drawing tools, Attendanceanalysis services and SQL SERVER database system. The software can, through processingthe tag information collected, provide real time mornitoring interface and terminal control, realizing the positioning of underground personnel and vehicles. Such a system as asupplementary rescue method utilized in the underground operation management can conductthe searching work at a specific node when the accident occurs.
The entire system, being a communication bridge between the personnel on the groundand underground on the basis of RFID technology, provides an advanced and practicalsolution to underground operation management，which has important practical significance tosafety production and management underground.
引文
[1]周晓光，王晓华，等编著.射频识别（RFID）系统设计、仿真与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.
[2]康东，石喜勤，等编著.射频识别（RFID）核心技术与典型应用开发案例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.
[3]郎为民.射频识别（RFID）技术原理与应用.北京：机械工业出版社.
[4]周晓光，王晓华编著.射频识别(RFID)技术原理与应用实例.北京：人民邮电出版社.
[5]游战清，李苏剑，等编著.无线射频识别技术（RFID）理论与应用.北京:电子工业出版社.
[6]郑召文，王刚，纱继平.基于RFID技术的井下人员实时管理系统[J].,2006,(6):65-68
[7]候方勇，戴葵.计算机射频通信系统的设计与实现[J].计算机应用研究,2002,19(12):105-107
[8]文汉云,金升藻.基于RFID技术的动物识别与跟踪管理系统研究[J].计算机系统应用,2006,(3):73-75
[9]谭促夏.射频识别技术及其在烟草中的应用[J].中国制造业信息化,2006,(9):73-76
[10]张瑞峰. RFID技术在煤矿安全生产管理中的应用[J].山西煤炭,2004,24(4):56-58
[11]煤炭工业部安全司.矿井安全监控原理与应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1996.
[12] Klaus Finkenzeller.射频识别(RFID)技术(M).陈大才译.北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[13]修智宏等.无线IC卡考勤及巡更计算机管理系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用, 2002(17).
[14]吕洁.射频识别技术RFID及其应用[J].智能建筑与城市信息,2004(12).
[15]陈大才.射频识别(RFID)技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[16] Jin Xing yi，Lee Xiao dong，Kong Ning，et al. Effieient Complex Event Proeessing overRFID Data Stream，ICIS 08，2008[C].New York: IEEE，2008.
[17] Maseiari E. RFID data management for effeetive objeets traeking.symposium on AppliedComputing，2007[C」，New York: ACM，2007.
[18] SHENG WANG, SHAORONG LIU, PEIYA LIU, et al. Bridging Physical and VirtualWorlds: Complex Event Processing for RFID Data Streams. The 10th Int.Conf. onExtending Database Technology,2006[C].New York:IEEE,2006.
[19] WuE.，DiaoY.，Rizvi S.High Performance Complex Event Proeessing over Streams.SIGMOD，2006〔C〕.New York: IEEE，2006.
[20]张智文.射频识别技术理论与实践[M].北京：中国科学技术出版社，2008.
[21]李晶.井下巷道超高频无线电波传播及定位算法的研究[D].天津：天津大学，2006.
[22]杨英仪.基于ACE-RFID中间件的矿井定位监测系统的设计与实现[D].成都：电子科技大学，2006.
[23]顾煊.基于RFID的定位跟踪管理技术研究与开发[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007.
[24] Bahl P，Padmanbahan V. RADAR: An In-Building RF Based User Loeation and TraekingSystem，INFOCOM2000，2000[C〕.New York: IEEE，2000.
[25]牛世卫.煤矿安全生产监控统的现状与发展[J].机械管理开发.2003(2):43-45.
[26]王捷帆，李文俊.中国煤矿事故及专家点评集[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社，2002:14-18.
[27]赵加才.对煤矿安全事故多发问题的思考[J].煤炭科技.2005(4):41-42.
[28] Lawrenee S.Gould. What You Need To Know About RFID〔EB/OL〕.Automotive DesignProduetion，[2002，9]
[29] Leonid Bolotnyy, Gabriel Robins．The Case for Multi-Tag RFID Systems[J].International Conference on Wire-Tag less Algorithms，Systems and Applications，August2007：174-186．
[30] Kashif Ali, Hossam Hassanein, Abd-Elhamid M. Taha. RFID Anti-Collision Protocolfor Dense Passive Tag Environments[J]. 32nd IEEE Conference on Local ComputeNetworks, October 2007:819-824.
[31]郑国生，张东晨.使用远距离RFID实现煤矿井下人员定位[J].黑龙江科技信息，2007，（11X）：20~67.
[32] http://www.rfidworld.com.cn RFID世界网.
[33] http://www.rfidchina.org/ RFID中国论坛
[34] J. Caffery, A new approach to the geometry of TOA location [J], IEEE VTS FallVTC2000, pp.1943-1949, 2000.
[35] P. Hawkes., Anti-collision and Transponder Selection Methods for Grouped-Vicinity-Cards and RFID tages, RFID Technology (Ref. No. 1999/123), IEEEColloquium on, 25 Oct. 1999,Pages:7/1-7/12.
[36]煤炭工业部安全司.矿井安全监控原理与应用[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社，1996.
[2]康东，石喜勤，等编著.射频识别（RFID）核心技术与典型应用开发案例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.
[3]郎为民.射频识别（RFID）技术原理与应用.北京：机械工业出版社.
[4]周晓光，王晓华编著.射频识别(RFID)技术原理与应用实例.北京：人民邮电出版社.
[5]游战清，李苏剑，等编著.无线射频识别技术（RFID）理论与应用.北京:电子工业出版社.
[6]郑召文，王刚，纱继平.基于RFID技术的井下人员实时管理系统[J].,2006,(6):65-68
[7]候方勇，戴葵.计算机射频通信系统的设计与实现[J].计算机应用研究,2002,19(12):105-107
[8]文汉云,金升藻.基于RFID技术的动物识别与跟踪管理系统研究[J].计算机系统应用,2006,(3):73-75
[9]谭促夏.射频识别技术及其在烟草中的应用[J].中国制造业信息化,2006,(9):73-76
[10]张瑞峰. RFID技术在煤矿安全生产管理中的应用[J].山西煤炭,2004,24(4):56-58
[11]煤炭工业部安全司.矿井安全监控原理与应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1996.
[12] Klaus Finkenzeller.射频识别(RFID)技术(M).陈大才译.北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[13]修智宏等.无线IC卡考勤及巡更计算机管理系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用, 2002(17).
[14]吕洁.射频识别技术RFID及其应用[J].智能建筑与城市信息,2004(12).
[15]陈大才.射频识别(RFID)技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[16] Jin Xing yi，Lee Xiao dong，Kong Ning，et al. Effieient Complex Event Proeessing overRFID Data Stream，ICIS 08，2008[C].New York: IEEE，2008.
[17] Maseiari E. RFID data management for effeetive objeets traeking.symposium on AppliedComputing，2007[C」，New York: ACM，2007.
[18] SHENG WANG, SHAORONG LIU, PEIYA LIU, et al. Bridging Physical and VirtualWorlds: Complex Event Processing for RFID Data Streams. The 10th Int.Conf. onExtending Database Technology,2006[C].New York:IEEE,2006.
[19] WuE.，DiaoY.，Rizvi S.High Performance Complex Event Proeessing over Streams.SIGMOD，2006〔C〕.New York: IEEE，2006.
[20]张智文.射频识别技术理论与实践[M].北京：中国科学技术出版社，2008.
[21]李晶.井下巷道超高频无线电波传播及定位算法的研究[D].天津：天津大学，2006.
[22]杨英仪.基于ACE-RFID中间件的矿井定位监测系统的设计与实现[D].成都：电子科技大学，2006.
[23]顾煊.基于RFID的定位跟踪管理技术研究与开发[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007.
[24] Bahl P，Padmanbahan V. RADAR: An In-Building RF Based User Loeation and TraekingSystem，INFOCOM2000，2000[C〕.New York: IEEE，2000.
[25]牛世卫.煤矿安全生产监控统的现状与发展[J].机械管理开发.2003(2):43-45.
[26]王捷帆，李文俊.中国煤矿事故及专家点评集[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社，2002:14-18.
[27]赵加才.对煤矿安全事故多发问题的思考[J].煤炭科技.2005(4):41-42.
[28] Lawrenee S.Gould. What You Need To Know About RFID〔EB/OL〕.Automotive DesignProduetion，[2002，9]
[29] Leonid Bolotnyy, Gabriel Robins．The Case for Multi-Tag RFID Systems[J].International Conference on Wire-Tag less Algorithms，Systems and Applications，August2007：174-186．
[30] Kashif Ali, Hossam Hassanein, Abd-Elhamid M. Taha. RFID Anti-Collision Protocolfor Dense Passive Tag Environments[J]. 32nd IEEE Conference on Local ComputeNetworks, October 2007:819-824.
[31]郑国生，张东晨.使用远距离RFID实现煤矿井下人员定位[J].黑龙江科技信息，2007，（11X）：20~67.
[32] http://www.rfidworld.com.cn RFID世界网.
[33] http://www.rfidchina.org/ RFID中国论坛
[34] J. Caffery, A new approach to the geometry of TOA location [J], IEEE VTS FallVTC2000, pp.1943-1949, 2000.
[35] P. Hawkes., Anti-collision and Transponder Selection Methods for Grouped-Vicinity-Cards and RFID tages, RFID Technology (Ref. No. 1999/123), IEEEColloquium on, 25 Oct. 1999,Pages:7/1-7/12.
[36]煤炭工业部安全司.矿井安全监控原理与应用[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社，1996.