陕西省三北防护林工程综合效益评价研究
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摘要
在森林资源稀缺、生存环境持续恶化的今天,我国林业面临着前所未有的发展机遇,国家投入巨资,相继启动了六大林业重点工程。三北防护林体系建设工程是国家实施的六大林业重点工程之一。本文通过对陕西省三北防护林体系工程建设的生态效益、社会效益和经济效益评价分析,试图探索如何更好地发挥国家三北防护林体系建设工程的生态效益、社会效益和经济效益的途径,从而使本文具有一定的现实意义。
本文在充分调研的基础上,用大量的统计数据和事实对三北工程建设的情况进行了定量和定性的分析,在社会学、发展经济学、公共政策学等学科理论指导下,探讨三北工程综合效益评价的方法,构建评价指标体系,建立综合评价模型,选取陕西省开展实证评价研究,通过理论和实证研究,发现问题,并提出政策建议,为三北工程的可持续发展和完善相关政策提供参考。主要研究内容如下:
1、建立了陕西省三北防护林工程综合效益评价指标体系。该指标体系分为总指标、分项指标、分领域指标、具体指标四个层次共26项指标。
2、用变异系数法计算得出三北防护林工程综合效益评价指标的权重,并确定用标准分法作为三北防护林工程综合效益评价指标的无量纲化处理的方法,利用线性加权和函数法建立了综合评价模型,为综合评价陕西省三北防护林工程生态、社会和经济效益提供支持。
3、收集整理陕西省三北防护林体系工程建设的相关数据资料,采用本文所建立的综合评价模型,通过分析三北防护林工程对防风固沙的影响、对控制水土流失的作用、对农田牧场保护的功能以及对涵养水源的作用的评价,分析三北防护林工程对当地生态环境产生的影响。通过三北防护林工程对粮食生产的影响、对产值的影响和对农民经济收入的影响的评价,分析三北防护林工程对当地经济发展的影响。通过对三北防护林工程对土地资源配置的影响、对人口资源配置的影响、对农村居民消费结构的影响的评价,分析三北防护林工程对当地社会发展的影响。并得出结论,随着工程的逐步深入,三北防护林工程对陕西生态环境建设和社会经济发展的影响不断加深。从短期效益来看,陕西省三北防护林工程的生态、经济和社会效益均处于较弱和一般状态,而从较长一个时期来看,陕西省三北防护林工程的生态效益和经济效益处于较强状态,社会效益也接近较强状态。
4、将理论与实际相结合,运用经济学理论深入分析三北工程建设中存在的问题及其原因,注重理论研究与对策建议相结合,针对存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议。
In the present situation of extremely scarce forest resources and continually worsening living environment, China's forestry is also facing an unprecedented development opportunity in which the State made a huge investment and launched six key forestry programs early or late. Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development was one of the Six Key Forestry Programs in Shaanxi implemented by the State. Through the analysis on evaluation of social and economic benefits of Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development, the thesis explored the way how the National "Three-North Protection Forest System" development can better play its role in social and economic benefits and it has provided practical significance.
Based on the sufficient surveys, the thesis used a lot of statistical data and facts and made both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development. Under the theoretical direction of sociology, development economics and public policy science, in this paper, methodologies on evaluation of social and economic benefits of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development was discussed; furthermore, by using tectonic valuation index system and integrative evaluation model. In this study, Shannxi Province was chosen as case, using theoretical and experiential research methods, we not only uncovered question exit in Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development, but also provided our suggestion, which would be very useful to afford consultation and reference for perfecting the policy of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development.
1、The three section provides literature review on the many indexes system studies at home and abroad. The evaluation of social and economic benefits of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development is analyzed. Under the guide of relative theories and practices, the index system of evaluation of social and economic benefits of Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development is built, including overall index, dominical index, compound index and material index total eighteen indexes.
2、After finish setting the weight of indexes and un-dimension of them, an integrative social and economic benefits evaluation model for the "Three-North Protection Forest System" is built by using the methods of linear weighting and function.
3、Information of Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development was collected, by using integrative social and economic benefits evaluation model, to analyze and estimate the social influence of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development on regional land use structure, on redistribution of rural manpower, as well as live qualities of farmers. And to analyze and estimate the economic influence of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development on agriculture production, on GDP, as well as the income of farmers. And it finally drew a conclusion that the social and economic benefits generated by the Three-North Protection Forest System" is increased more and more with deepening development, the economic benefits is greater than the social benefits.
4、Combining theory with practice and applying economics theory, the thesis made an in-depth analysis on the existing problems and their causes concerning during the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development. It focused on the integration of both theoretical study and countermeasure recommendations, and also recommended countermeasures for the problems.
本文在充分调研的基础上,用大量的统计数据和事实对三北工程建设的情况进行了定量和定性的分析,在社会学、发展经济学、公共政策学等学科理论指导下,探讨三北工程综合效益评价的方法,构建评价指标体系,建立综合评价模型,选取陕西省开展实证评价研究,通过理论和实证研究,发现问题,并提出政策建议,为三北工程的可持续发展和完善相关政策提供参考。主要研究内容如下:
1、建立了陕西省三北防护林工程综合效益评价指标体系。该指标体系分为总指标、分项指标、分领域指标、具体指标四个层次共26项指标。
2、用变异系数法计算得出三北防护林工程综合效益评价指标的权重,并确定用标准分法作为三北防护林工程综合效益评价指标的无量纲化处理的方法,利用线性加权和函数法建立了综合评价模型,为综合评价陕西省三北防护林工程生态、社会和经济效益提供支持。
3、收集整理陕西省三北防护林体系工程建设的相关数据资料,采用本文所建立的综合评价模型,通过分析三北防护林工程对防风固沙的影响、对控制水土流失的作用、对农田牧场保护的功能以及对涵养水源的作用的评价,分析三北防护林工程对当地生态环境产生的影响。通过三北防护林工程对粮食生产的影响、对产值的影响和对农民经济收入的影响的评价,分析三北防护林工程对当地经济发展的影响。通过对三北防护林工程对土地资源配置的影响、对人口资源配置的影响、对农村居民消费结构的影响的评价,分析三北防护林工程对当地社会发展的影响。并得出结论,随着工程的逐步深入,三北防护林工程对陕西生态环境建设和社会经济发展的影响不断加深。从短期效益来看,陕西省三北防护林工程的生态、经济和社会效益均处于较弱和一般状态,而从较长一个时期来看,陕西省三北防护林工程的生态效益和经济效益处于较强状态,社会效益也接近较强状态。
4、将理论与实际相结合,运用经济学理论深入分析三北工程建设中存在的问题及其原因,注重理论研究与对策建议相结合,针对存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议。
In the present situation of extremely scarce forest resources and continually worsening living environment, China's forestry is also facing an unprecedented development opportunity in which the State made a huge investment and launched six key forestry programs early or late. Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development was one of the Six Key Forestry Programs in Shaanxi implemented by the State. Through the analysis on evaluation of social and economic benefits of Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development, the thesis explored the way how the National "Three-North Protection Forest System" development can better play its role in social and economic benefits and it has provided practical significance.
Based on the sufficient surveys, the thesis used a lot of statistical data and facts and made both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development. Under the theoretical direction of sociology, development economics and public policy science, in this paper, methodologies on evaluation of social and economic benefits of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development was discussed; furthermore, by using tectonic valuation index system and integrative evaluation model. In this study, Shannxi Province was chosen as case, using theoretical and experiential research methods, we not only uncovered question exit in Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development, but also provided our suggestion, which would be very useful to afford consultation and reference for perfecting the policy of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development.
1、The three section provides literature review on the many indexes system studies at home and abroad. The evaluation of social and economic benefits of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development is analyzed. Under the guide of relative theories and practices, the index system of evaluation of social and economic benefits of Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development is built, including overall index, dominical index, compound index and material index total eighteen indexes.
2、After finish setting the weight of indexes and un-dimension of them, an integrative social and economic benefits evaluation model for the "Three-North Protection Forest System" is built by using the methods of linear weighting and function.
3、Information of Shaanxi Provincial "Three-North Protection Forest System" development was collected, by using integrative social and economic benefits evaluation model, to analyze and estimate the social influence of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development on regional land use structure, on redistribution of rural manpower, as well as live qualities of farmers. And to analyze and estimate the economic influence of the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development on agriculture production, on GDP, as well as the income of farmers. And it finally drew a conclusion that the social and economic benefits generated by the Three-North Protection Forest System" is increased more and more with deepening development, the economic benefits is greater than the social benefits.
4、Combining theory with practice and applying economics theory, the thesis made an in-depth analysis on the existing problems and their causes concerning during the "Three-North Protection Forest System" development. It focused on the integration of both theoretical study and countermeasure recommendations, and also recommended countermeasures for the problems.
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