草菇杂交育种研究
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摘要
本研究使用福建农林大学菌物研究中心保藏的草菇品种45个作为亲本筛选菌株,将草菇试管种进行活化,送到漳州农科院和福州长乐进行床栽出菇实验,收集出菇农艺形状数据,结合两地的出菇数据,筛选出出菇农艺性状较好的五个草菇种V0045、V0062、V0073、V0032、V0053(屏优)作为杂交育种亲本。使用RAPD、ISSR、SRAP分子标记对出菇菌株进行聚类分析,采用Jaccard聚类平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,自动生成各菌株的遗传聚类关系图。其中亲本菌株V0053和V0062亲缘关系很近,V0045与V0062、V0073、V0032、V0053亲缘关系较远,我们选择V0045与其它菌株进行配对,理论上能够体现杂交育种的优势。
收集草菇V0045与V0062、V0073、V0032、V0053的孢子,每个种挑取20根单孢菌株。随机选择配对6个组合,配对后转管、培养、筛选培养筛选得到350个新种,将筛选得到的菌株进行继代培养,筛选稳定菌株260个,将获得的草菇菌株活化培养进行出菇试验。
通过菌株出菇试验,收集农艺性状数据,筛选优良菌株42个,利用RAPD、ISSR分子标记进行验证新的草菇优势菌株6个,同时对草菇出菇杂菌污染进行分析,为以后草菇研究补充了一些新的材料。
In this study, we get 45 Volvaria volvacea strains from Mycetalia Research Cen ter of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University which were selected as parent samples. The mushroom species were activated in vitro and sent to the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou and Changle, Fuzhou for fruiting comparison test. Agronomic traits data were collected for comparing. Five straw mushroom Species V0045, V0062, V0073, V0032, V0053 (Pingyou) with good agronomic traits were filtered out as hybrid breeding parents. Fruiting strains were cluster analyzed using molecular markers, RAPD, ISSR, SRAP. Use the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) of Jaccard’s clust-averaging methods for cluster analysis. It can generate the genetic clustering of the strains automatically. Of these, parent strain V0053 and V0062 were close, V0045 had a far kinship with V0062, V0073, V0032, V0053. So we can choose V0045 to pair with other strains. In theory, the advantages of cross breeding can be reflected.
Spores of V0045, V0062, V0073, V0032, V0053 were collected and 20 single spore isolates were obtained from each strain, and from which 6 pairs were selected randomly. After the match, we changed for new tubes to culture screened 350 new species, which would be subcultured. Then, we gained 260 stable strains by screening, and then activated the strains and prepared for mushroom fruiting appraisal test.
Through the fruiting appraisal test of new species, agronomic traits data were collected and 42 good strains were filtered out. By using molecular markers, we verified new species and gained 6 newdominant strains. At the same time we analyzed bacterial contamination of Volvaria volvacea during fruiting period and laid the foundation for the future study.
收集草菇V0045与V0062、V0073、V0032、V0053的孢子,每个种挑取20根单孢菌株。随机选择配对6个组合,配对后转管、培养、筛选培养筛选得到350个新种,将筛选得到的菌株进行继代培养,筛选稳定菌株260个,将获得的草菇菌株活化培养进行出菇试验。
通过菌株出菇试验,收集农艺性状数据,筛选优良菌株42个,利用RAPD、ISSR分子标记进行验证新的草菇优势菌株6个,同时对草菇出菇杂菌污染进行分析,为以后草菇研究补充了一些新的材料。
In this study, we get 45 Volvaria volvacea strains from Mycetalia Research Cen ter of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University which were selected as parent samples. The mushroom species were activated in vitro and sent to the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou and Changle, Fuzhou for fruiting comparison test. Agronomic traits data were collected for comparing. Five straw mushroom Species V0045, V0062, V0073, V0032, V0053 (Pingyou) with good agronomic traits were filtered out as hybrid breeding parents. Fruiting strains were cluster analyzed using molecular markers, RAPD, ISSR, SRAP. Use the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) of Jaccard’s clust-averaging methods for cluster analysis. It can generate the genetic clustering of the strains automatically. Of these, parent strain V0053 and V0062 were close, V0045 had a far kinship with V0062, V0073, V0032, V0053. So we can choose V0045 to pair with other strains. In theory, the advantages of cross breeding can be reflected.
Spores of V0045, V0062, V0073, V0032, V0053 were collected and 20 single spore isolates were obtained from each strain, and from which 6 pairs were selected randomly. After the match, we changed for new tubes to culture screened 350 new species, which would be subcultured. Then, we gained 260 stable strains by screening, and then activated the strains and prepared for mushroom fruiting appraisal test.
Through the fruiting appraisal test of new species, agronomic traits data were collected and 42 good strains were filtered out. By using molecular markers, we verified new species and gained 6 newdominant strains. At the same time we analyzed bacterial contamination of Volvaria volvacea during fruiting period and laid the foundation for the future study.
引文
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[16]谢宝贵,江玉姬,羿红,等.草菇采后贮藏温度对呼吸作用与膜透性的影响[J].菌物系统, 2003,22(增):197～201.
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