高压直流输入航空静止变流器DC/DC级研究
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摘要
双管正激变换器具有开关电压应力低、内在抗桥臂直通能力和可靠性高等优点，已成为目前比较广泛应用的拓扑之一。本文以双管正激变换器为基本拓扑单元，针对高压直流输入航空静止变流器DC／DC级进行了研究。
本文在对并-串型和并-并型双管正激组合变换器进行了详细比较研究的基础上，提出了一种新型并-串／串型双管正激组合变换器，该组合变换器可以大大减小原边开关管的电流应力和副边整流电路中二极管的电压应力；通过交错控制及提高开关频率，大大提高了变换器的功率密度。本文详细论述了6KW新型组合变换器主电路、LCD箝位电路和控制电路的工作原理和参数设计，并给出了实验结果。
本文提出了一种新型直／直变压器拓扑，该拓扑不仅保留了双管正激变换器的优点，而且在原边仅含两个续流二极管，电路结构简单。同时具有在接近100％的等效占空比下工作，变换效率高，副边整流二极管几乎不存在电压尖峰等优点。本文详细论述了新型直／直变压器的工作原理、输出特性和ZVS开通条件，对主要参数进行了设计，并给出了仿真和实验结果。
Because of many attractive characteristics, such as low switch voltage stress, inherent anti-break-through capability, high reliability, Two-Transistor Forward Converter(TTFC) has become one of the most widely used topology. This thesis presents the research on DC/DC converter for high voltage dc(HVDC) input Aeronautical Static Inverter(ASI). The converters presented are composed of the TTFC topology cell.
Based on comparison between the parallel-parallel and parallel-serial combination TTFC, a novel two-transistor forward converter with parallel-serial/serial combination is proposed. This converter reduces greatly the current overshoot of the primary side switches and the voltage overshoot of the rectifying diodes. Moreover, the size and weight of the converter can also be reduced by interleaving technique and increasing frequency. The operation principle and parameter design of power circuits, LCD camping circuits and control circuits are proposed and A 6KW prototype is successfully developed.
A novel DC/DC transformer is proposed in this thesis. This converter not only retains the advantages of TTFC but also has only two camping diodes. Moreover the proposed converter operates at nearly unity duty-ratio for very high efficiency and eliminates the voltage overshoot of the output rectifying diodes. The operation principle, output characteristics, the condition of ZVS turn-on of the switches and parameter design are illustrated. And the simulation and experimental results are also included in this thesis.
本文在对并-串型和并-并型双管正激组合变换器进行了详细比较研究的基础上，提出了一种新型并-串／串型双管正激组合变换器，该组合变换器可以大大减小原边开关管的电流应力和副边整流电路中二极管的电压应力；通过交错控制及提高开关频率，大大提高了变换器的功率密度。本文详细论述了6KW新型组合变换器主电路、LCD箝位电路和控制电路的工作原理和参数设计，并给出了实验结果。
本文提出了一种新型直／直变压器拓扑，该拓扑不仅保留了双管正激变换器的优点，而且在原边仅含两个续流二极管，电路结构简单。同时具有在接近100％的等效占空比下工作，变换效率高，副边整流二极管几乎不存在电压尖峰等优点。本文详细论述了新型直／直变压器的工作原理、输出特性和ZVS开通条件，对主要参数进行了设计，并给出了仿真和实验结果。
Because of many attractive characteristics, such as low switch voltage stress, inherent anti-break-through capability, high reliability, Two-Transistor Forward Converter(TTFC) has become one of the most widely used topology. This thesis presents the research on DC/DC converter for high voltage dc(HVDC) input Aeronautical Static Inverter(ASI). The converters presented are composed of the TTFC topology cell.
Based on comparison between the parallel-parallel and parallel-serial combination TTFC, a novel two-transistor forward converter with parallel-serial/serial combination is proposed. This converter reduces greatly the current overshoot of the primary side switches and the voltage overshoot of the rectifying diodes. Moreover, the size and weight of the converter can also be reduced by interleaving technique and increasing frequency. The operation principle and parameter design of power circuits, LCD camping circuits and control circuits are proposed and A 6KW prototype is successfully developed.
A novel DC/DC transformer is proposed in this thesis. This converter not only retains the advantages of TTFC but also has only two camping diodes. Moreover the proposed converter operates at nearly unity duty-ratio for very high efficiency and eliminates the voltage overshoot of the output rectifying diodes. The operation principle, output characteristics, the condition of ZVS turn-on of the switches and parameter design are illustrated. And the simulation and experimental results are also included in this thesis.
引文
[1] 严仰光，航空航天器供电系统，北京：航空工业出版社，1995年
[2] 谢少军，严仰光，未来先进飞机的电源系统，国际航空，1995．1，P．52-54
[3] 严仰光，飞机高压直流电气系统的构成和发展，APSC2001，P．1-8
[4] Ivensky G. and Abramovitz A., A Resonant DC-DC Transformer, IEEE APEC1992, P.731-737
[5] Ren Yuancheng, Xu Ming, Yao Gary, Yu Meng, Fred.C.Lee, A Novel Simple and High Efficiency "DC/DC transformer", CPES2002, P. 173-177
[6] 阮新波，严仰光，直流开关电源的软开关技术，北京：科学出版社，2000年
[7] 盛专成，李广勇，贺怀谦，一种双正激电路的软关断拓扑，电力电子技术，2001年6月第3期，P．43-46
[8] Treviso C.H.G., Pereira A.A., Farias V.J., Vieira J.B., A 1.5 KW Operation With 90% Efficiency of a Two Transistors Forward Converter With Non-dissipative Snubber, IEEE PESC1998, P.696-700
[9] Sun Xiaodong, Cai Xuansan and Huang Guisong, A Novel Two-transistor Forward ZVT-PWM Converter, Proceedings of International Power Electronics and Motion control Conference, HangZhou, China, 1997,P.311-315
[10] Bao Wei, Cai Xuansan and Sun Xiaodong, A Novel ZCT-PWM Two-transistor Forward Converter, Proceedings of International Power Electronics and Motion control Conference, HangZhou, China, 1997,P.526-530
[11] 冯翰，双管正激组合变换器的研究，浙江大学博士学位论文，2001
[12] 石健将，双管正激变换器组合研究，南京航空航天大学博士学位论文，2003
[13] Tan F. Dong, The Forward Converter: From The Classic To The Contemporary, IEEE APEC2002, P.857-963
[14] Zhang M.T., Jovanovic M.M, Analysis, Design, and Evaluation of Forward Converter With Distributed Magnetics-Interleaving and Transformer Paralleling, IEEE APEC1995, P.315-321
[15] Feng H., Xu D H., Lee Y S., Comparison of Interleaving Methods of Two-transistor Forward Converters, PEDS 1999.Hong Kong, China, 1999:632-637
[16] Todd P. C., Snubber Circuits: Theory, Design and Application, Unitrode switching Regulated Power Supply Design Seminar Manual, SEM-900 Unitrode 1993
[17] Harada K. and Sakamoto H., Switched Snubber for High Frequency Switching, PESC1990, San Antonio, TX, USA, pp 181-188
[18] Michael T. Zhang and Milan M, Analysis and Evaluation of Interleaving Techniques in Forward Converter, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, 1998, P.690-698
[19] 石健将，王慧贞，严仰光，双管正激变换器交叉并联技术的研究分析，APSC2001，P．136-145
[20] Rudiger Burkel and Thomas Schneider, Fast Recovery Epitaxial Diodes (FRED)Characteristics-Applications-Examples, IXYS Semiconductor Data Book 2000,Technical information 33, P.11-20
[21] Fast Recovery Epitaxial Diodes (FRED), IXYS Semiconductor Data Book 2000,P.20-25
[22] 丁道宏，电力电子技术，北京：航空工业出版社，1999年
[23] Regulating Pulse Width Modulator, Linfinity microelectronics Inc., 1996, P.1-7
[24] 薛雅丽，Buck三电平直流变换器的研究，南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文，2002年
[25] 杨正龙，3KVA交错并联双管正激变换器的研究与开发，南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文，2002年
[26] 蔡宣三，龚绍文，高频功率电子学—直流-直流变换部分，北京：科学出版社，1993
[27] Jitaru Ionel Dan, A 3kw Soft Switching DC-DC Converter, IEEE APEC2000, P.86-92
[28] Morren J., Haan S. W. H, Ferreira J. A., Design Study and Scaled Experiments for High-power DC-DC Conversion for HVDCosystems, IEEE PESC2001, P. 1529-1534
[29] Sullivan C.R., Sanders S.R., A Soft-switched Constant-frequency Square-wave Half-bridge DC-DC Converter, IEEE PESC1993, P. 158-164
[30] 双路双管正激变换器拓扑，中国发明专利申请书，专利申请号：200310106252．4，南京航空航天大学，2003年11月
[31] Mweene L.Haachitaba, Otten D.M. and Martin F.Schlecht, A High-efficiency 1.5KW, 390V-50V Half-Bridge Converter Operated at 100% Duty-ratio, IEEE APEC1992, P.723-730
[32] Ren Y C. , Xu M., Yao K W., et al. Two-stage 48V Power Pod Exploration for 64-bit Microprocessor, IEEE APEC2003.Florida, USA, 2003:426-431
[33] Zhang J. M., Zhang F., Xie X. G., Jiao D. Z., Qian Z.M., A Novel ZVS DC/DC Converter for High Power Applications, IEEE APEC2002, P.635-640
[2] 谢少军，严仰光，未来先进飞机的电源系统，国际航空，1995．1，P．52-54
[3] 严仰光，飞机高压直流电气系统的构成和发展，APSC2001，P．1-8
[4] Ivensky G. and Abramovitz A., A Resonant DC-DC Transformer, IEEE APEC1992, P.731-737
[5] Ren Yuancheng, Xu Ming, Yao Gary, Yu Meng, Fred.C.Lee, A Novel Simple and High Efficiency "DC/DC transformer", CPES2002, P. 173-177
[6] 阮新波，严仰光，直流开关电源的软开关技术，北京：科学出版社，2000年
[7] 盛专成，李广勇，贺怀谦，一种双正激电路的软关断拓扑，电力电子技术，2001年6月第3期，P．43-46
[8] Treviso C.H.G., Pereira A.A., Farias V.J., Vieira J.B., A 1.5 KW Operation With 90% Efficiency of a Two Transistors Forward Converter With Non-dissipative Snubber, IEEE PESC1998, P.696-700
[9] Sun Xiaodong, Cai Xuansan and Huang Guisong, A Novel Two-transistor Forward ZVT-PWM Converter, Proceedings of International Power Electronics and Motion control Conference, HangZhou, China, 1997,P.311-315
[10] Bao Wei, Cai Xuansan and Sun Xiaodong, A Novel ZCT-PWM Two-transistor Forward Converter, Proceedings of International Power Electronics and Motion control Conference, HangZhou, China, 1997,P.526-530
[11] 冯翰，双管正激组合变换器的研究，浙江大学博士学位论文，2001
[12] 石健将，双管正激变换器组合研究，南京航空航天大学博士学位论文，2003
[13] Tan F. Dong, The Forward Converter: From The Classic To The Contemporary, IEEE APEC2002, P.857-963
[14] Zhang M.T., Jovanovic M.M, Analysis, Design, and Evaluation of Forward Converter With Distributed Magnetics-Interleaving and Transformer Paralleling, IEEE APEC1995, P.315-321
[15] Feng H., Xu D H., Lee Y S., Comparison of Interleaving Methods of Two-transistor Forward Converters, PEDS 1999.Hong Kong, China, 1999:632-637
[16] Todd P. C., Snubber Circuits: Theory, Design and Application, Unitrode switching Regulated Power Supply Design Seminar Manual, SEM-900 Unitrode 1993
[17] Harada K. and Sakamoto H., Switched Snubber for High Frequency Switching, PESC1990, San Antonio, TX, USA, pp 181-188
[18] Michael T. Zhang and Milan M, Analysis and Evaluation of Interleaving Techniques in Forward Converter, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, 1998, P.690-698
[19] 石健将，王慧贞，严仰光，双管正激变换器交叉并联技术的研究分析，APSC2001，P．136-145
[20] Rudiger Burkel and Thomas Schneider, Fast Recovery Epitaxial Diodes (FRED)Characteristics-Applications-Examples, IXYS Semiconductor Data Book 2000,Technical information 33, P.11-20
[21] Fast Recovery Epitaxial Diodes (FRED), IXYS Semiconductor Data Book 2000,P.20-25
[22] 丁道宏，电力电子技术，北京：航空工业出版社，1999年
[23] Regulating Pulse Width Modulator, Linfinity microelectronics Inc., 1996, P.1-7
[24] 薛雅丽，Buck三电平直流变换器的研究，南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文，2002年
[25] 杨正龙，3KVA交错并联双管正激变换器的研究与开发，南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文，2002年
[26] 蔡宣三，龚绍文，高频功率电子学—直流-直流变换部分，北京：科学出版社，1993
[27] Jitaru Ionel Dan, A 3kw Soft Switching DC-DC Converter, IEEE APEC2000, P.86-92
[28] Morren J., Haan S. W. H, Ferreira J. A., Design Study and Scaled Experiments for High-power DC-DC Conversion for HVDCosystems, IEEE PESC2001, P. 1529-1534
[29] Sullivan C.R., Sanders S.R., A Soft-switched Constant-frequency Square-wave Half-bridge DC-DC Converter, IEEE PESC1993, P. 158-164
[30] 双路双管正激变换器拓扑，中国发明专利申请书，专利申请号：200310106252．4，南京航空航天大学，2003年11月
[31] Mweene L.Haachitaba, Otten D.M. and Martin F.Schlecht, A High-efficiency 1.5KW, 390V-50V Half-Bridge Converter Operated at 100% Duty-ratio, IEEE APEC1992, P.723-730
[32] Ren Y C. , Xu M., Yao K W., et al. Two-stage 48V Power Pod Exploration for 64-bit Microprocessor, IEEE APEC2003.Florida, USA, 2003:426-431
[33] Zhang J. M., Zhang F., Xie X. G., Jiao D. Z., Qian Z.M., A Novel ZVS DC/DC Converter for High Power Applications, IEEE APEC2002, P.635-640