基于OWL的STEP产品信息语义转换器设计与实现
摘要
随着计算机技术的发展和互联网技术的进步,企业集成制造趋势越发明显,传统的产品信息表达方式和处理模式已无法适应现代企业的需求。产品信息的交换与共享已不再局限于数据内容、格式的交换与共享,信息共享的层次已由数据共享上升为知识共享。而随着网格计算、语义网以及语义网格的研究兴起,产品信息交换与共享研究层次也在不断上升,研究内容也在不断深入。
本文以《语义网格环境下虚拟组织异构产品信息语义在线重组技术及其应用》项目为研究背景,主要研究STEP产品信息的OWL语义描述方法与实现,重点研究了基于OWL的STEP产品信息语义转换器的设计与实现方法,开发了针对AP203应用协议的STEP Part21物理文件的双向转换器。旨在解决网络环境下的STEP产品数据信息在语义层次的共享和交换问题。
本文主要做了以下几个方面的工作:
⑴介绍了产品信息交换与共享技术的国内外研究现状。
⑵介绍了STEP标准及语义网的相关概念,为下文定制STEP标准与OWL之间的转换规则和转换器的实现提供相关理论基础支持。
⑶制定了STEP标准与OWL之间的映射规则,详细阐述了STEP标准描述语言EXPRESS和OWL之间的映射关系,包括数据类型、实体、函数、规则等相关概念的转换规则,对一些特殊情况作了重点讨论,对规则和函数转换引入了SWRL和MathML,同时详细讨论了STEP AP203物理文件与OWL的映射方法。
⑷详细阐述了基于OWL的STEP产品信息语义双向转换器的设计与实现,包括EXPRESS解析器的设计与实现(完成EXPRESS文件的解析和本体库的建立);前处理器(完成STEP AP203文件到OWL文件的转换)的设计与实现;后处理器(完成OWL文件到STEP AP203文件的逆向转换)的设计与实现。
⑸为了验证转换器在网络共享STEP产品语义信息方面的准确性和一致性,本文以三维CAD软件(SolidWorks)建立的齿轮模型的AP203文件作为数据源,在B/S架构的语义交换原型系统上完成转换,以验证转换器的可行性。
With the development of computer technology and Internet technology,the trends of enterprise integration of manufacturing are more obvious. The traditional way of expressing and processing product information model has been unable to adapt to the needs of modern enterprise. Product information exchange and sharing is no longer limited to the content and format, but on the level of knowledge. The research on the grid computing, semantic web and semantic grid makes product information exchange and sharing on a higher level. This thesis is based on the project which is named The Research And Application On Product Semantic Information Sharing and Exchange Under Semantic Grid Environment.This work studies the design and implementation of the Converter for STEP product Semantic information based on OWL, develops a two-way converter which can be used in the translating between STEP Part21 according to AP203 and OWL. The goal of this thesis is to solve the problems which exist in the STEP product semantic data sharing and exchange under network environment.
The main work of this thesis is as follows:
⑴We introduced some research on product semantic data sharing and exchange.
⑵We introduced the STEP and the concepts of Semantic Web, which can provide theoretical basis to building conversion rule between OWL and STEP and the implementation of the converter.
⑶We gave the conversion rule between STEP and OWL, and described the mapping method about Data types, entities, functions, rules and so on; we discussed how to use SWRL or MathML to describe function and rule. In this thesis, we also gave the mapping method from AP203 to OWL.
⑷We discussed the design and implementation of the STEP product sematic converter based on OWL, which includes the EXPRESS analyzer (accomplish the analysis of the EXPRESS schema and the establishment of the Ontology Base), the Preprocessor (accomplish the conversion from STEP AP203 file to OWL file), the Postprocessor(accomplish the conversion from OWL file to STEP AP203 file).
⑸In order to verify the converter’s accuracy and consistency on STEP product sematic information sharing under Internet, CAD software SolidWorks was used to help establish a gear model.we exported the AP203 file from SolidWorks, and used our converter to accomplish the conversion.The result proved our converter is accurate and consistent.
本文以《语义网格环境下虚拟组织异构产品信息语义在线重组技术及其应用》项目为研究背景,主要研究STEP产品信息的OWL语义描述方法与实现,重点研究了基于OWL的STEP产品信息语义转换器的设计与实现方法,开发了针对AP203应用协议的STEP Part21物理文件的双向转换器。旨在解决网络环境下的STEP产品数据信息在语义层次的共享和交换问题。
本文主要做了以下几个方面的工作:
⑴介绍了产品信息交换与共享技术的国内外研究现状。
⑵介绍了STEP标准及语义网的相关概念,为下文定制STEP标准与OWL之间的转换规则和转换器的实现提供相关理论基础支持。
⑶制定了STEP标准与OWL之间的映射规则,详细阐述了STEP标准描述语言EXPRESS和OWL之间的映射关系,包括数据类型、实体、函数、规则等相关概念的转换规则,对一些特殊情况作了重点讨论,对规则和函数转换引入了SWRL和MathML,同时详细讨论了STEP AP203物理文件与OWL的映射方法。
⑷详细阐述了基于OWL的STEP产品信息语义双向转换器的设计与实现,包括EXPRESS解析器的设计与实现(完成EXPRESS文件的解析和本体库的建立);前处理器(完成STEP AP203文件到OWL文件的转换)的设计与实现;后处理器(完成OWL文件到STEP AP203文件的逆向转换)的设计与实现。
⑸为了验证转换器在网络共享STEP产品语义信息方面的准确性和一致性,本文以三维CAD软件(SolidWorks)建立的齿轮模型的AP203文件作为数据源,在B/S架构的语义交换原型系统上完成转换,以验证转换器的可行性。
With the development of computer technology and Internet technology,the trends of enterprise integration of manufacturing are more obvious. The traditional way of expressing and processing product information model has been unable to adapt to the needs of modern enterprise. Product information exchange and sharing is no longer limited to the content and format, but on the level of knowledge. The research on the grid computing, semantic web and semantic grid makes product information exchange and sharing on a higher level. This thesis is based on the project which is named The Research And Application On Product Semantic Information Sharing and Exchange Under Semantic Grid Environment.This work studies the design and implementation of the Converter for STEP product Semantic information based on OWL, develops a two-way converter which can be used in the translating between STEP Part21 according to AP203 and OWL. The goal of this thesis is to solve the problems which exist in the STEP product semantic data sharing and exchange under network environment.
The main work of this thesis is as follows:
⑴We introduced some research on product semantic data sharing and exchange.
⑵We introduced the STEP and the concepts of Semantic Web, which can provide theoretical basis to building conversion rule between OWL and STEP and the implementation of the converter.
⑶We gave the conversion rule between STEP and OWL, and described the mapping method about Data types, entities, functions, rules and so on; we discussed how to use SWRL or MathML to describe function and rule. In this thesis, we also gave the mapping method from AP203 to OWL.
⑷We discussed the design and implementation of the STEP product sematic converter based on OWL, which includes the EXPRESS analyzer (accomplish the analysis of the EXPRESS schema and the establishment of the Ontology Base), the Preprocessor (accomplish the conversion from STEP AP203 file to OWL file), the Postprocessor(accomplish the conversion from OWL file to STEP AP203 file).
⑸In order to verify the converter’s accuracy and consistency on STEP product sematic information sharing under Internet, CAD software SolidWorks was used to help establish a gear model.we exported the AP203 file from SolidWorks, and used our converter to accomplish the conversion.The result proved our converter is accurate and consistent.
引文
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[2]崔洪坤,朱华炳,吴炜,俞辉.网络化制造及其教学应用实例[J]. CAD/CAM与制造业信息化,2007,41(6):90-92.
[3] P.O’Grady, W.Chuang. Reach issues in e-commerce and product development[J]. International Journal Cybernetics and Systems,2001,32(2):775-796.
[4]张劲松,郑双怡.面向协同产品开发链的集成产品信息建模研究[J].中国制造业信息化,2006,35(5):22-27.
[5]冯娟,杨承涛.计算机集成制造(CIM)——我国制造业现代化的必由之路[J].价值工程,2011,30(16):23-24.
[6]高红,孙振东.基于CAD/CAPP/CAM的CIMS技术[J].沈阳工程学院学报(自然科学版),2008,4(1):75-76.
[7] Mackrell.J. Collaboration in product development[J]. Desktop Eng, 2000,5(4):8-14.
[8] Hsioa S.W. Concurrent engineering based method for developing a baby carriage[J]. International Journals Advanced Manufacturing Technology,1997,12(6):455-462.
[9]陈高阳,胡柏安,吴静,陈代胜. PDM在并行工程中的应用技术研究[J].航空精密制造技术,2010,46(3):53-56.
[10]王力,杜长龙.并行工程方法及其应用[J].煤矿机械,2006,27(5):731-733.
[11] S.Szykman, S.J.Fenves, W.Keirouz, S.Shooter. A foundation for interoperability in next-generation product development systems[J]. Computer Aided Design,2001,33(7):545-559.
[12] A.Sheth. Change focus on interoperability in information system: from system, syntax, structure to semantics[J]. Interoperation Geography Information Systems,1998,5-30.
[13] S.R.Ray, A.T.Jones. Manufacturing interoperability[J]. Special Issue of JIM-Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing(International Scientific Journal),2006,17:681-688.
[14] SeCo. FinnONTO[EB/OL]. http://www.seco.tkk.fi/projects/finnonto/. 2011-5-31.
[15] Terms of Service. Schema.org[EB/OL]. http://schema.org/. 2011-6-21.
[16]王林,常明.利用IGES实现CAD系统间的数据交换[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,1997,(4):22:24.
[17] M.Hardwick, D.Loffredo.STEP into NC[J]. Manufacturing Engineering,2001,1:38-50.
[18] Nikola, B.Serbedzija. Web computing framework. Journal of System Architecture[J].2000,20(3):1293-1306.
[19]仇晓黎,易红,吴锡英,江勇. STEP/XML产品数据模型转换编译系统的实现[J].成组技术与生成现代化. 2004,21(4):5-8.
[20]仇晓黎,易红,吴锡英,周雄.基于STEP/XML标准的产品数据模型转换系统的开发[J].东南大学机械工程学报. 2003,19(5):1-4.
[21]王敏,吴波.应用STEP和XML进行产品信息共享[J].华中科技大学机械与电子学报. 2007,25(1):58-60.
[22]何金仲,沈晓红. STEP标准实现新途径——XML表示[J].北京工商大学学报.2004,22(3):21-25.
[23]郭鸣,李善平,董金祥,付相君.基于本体论及语义Web的产品信息模型研究[J].浙江大学学报. 2004,38(1):22-28.
[24]简琤峰,谭建荣.基于XML的STEP产品数据网上描述与识别[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学报. 2001,13(11):983-990.
[25]张美玉,简琤峰.网络化异构产品信息的XML交换方法及其架构[J].浙江工业大学学报.2008,36(2):169-173.
[26]付相君,李善平,郭鸣.产品数据模型的本体知识表达[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报. 2005,17(3):570-577.
[27]胡玉杰,李善平,郭鸣.基于本体的产品知识表达[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学报. 2003,15(12):1531-1537.
[28]朱大培,徐永安,扬钦,陶海燕,陈其明.基于STEP标准的数据交换的研究与实现[J].计算机工程与设计.2001,22(4):5-8.
[29]申来娣.基于STEP标准的虚拟企业资源共享方案研究[J].机电产品开发与创新.2004,17(3):54-57.
[30]兰红波,蒋志强,吴福生.网络化制造关键技术信息流的研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2003,31(1):230-223.
[31] ISO10303,Industrial Automation Systems and Integration—Production Data Representation and Exchange part 11—Description methods: The EXPRESS language reference manual[S], 1994.
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