智能建筑中火灾监控系统的图形用户界面设计
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摘要
目前,对智能建筑监控系统的研究进入了高潮。但是大部分都是关于技术方面的研究,忽略了监控系统本身的图形用户界面设计。在智能监控系统中,作为监控系统和操作人员的人机接口,图形用户界面是唯一直接与用户接触的最外沿,是整个监控系统功能体现的重要环节,发挥着极其重要的作用。
本文以“智能建筑的火灾监控系统”为平台,重点研究、分析了图形用户界面设计的基本理论、设计原则;以及视觉元素、信息结构设计和交互设计在火灾监控系统中的运用,获得了以下几个创新点:
1)突破传统的火灾图像监控技术,运用计算机辅助技术和三维模拟技术,开发智能化火灾监控系统的图形界面设计,把传统的传感器数据进行图形化、模型化。
2)同样结合计算机模拟技术,把整栋大楼以立体建模的形式在交互界面中模拟出来,形成一个建筑物火灾监控系统的智能立体交互原型。
3)在监控系统的火灾报警功能界面中,运用多媒体技术的综合效果来提高图形用户界面的交互质量。
At present, the research of intelligent architecture monitoring and control system is becomes hot research field. Unfortunately, the most research is technology, fewer is graphic user interface design. As the joint between monitor and control system and operators, graphic user interface design has the single touch with user in intelligent architecture monitoring and control system. It is the most important and useful component.
This thesis focuses on the study of monitoring and control system about intelligent architecture. Main research and analysis of graphic user interface design contain basic theory, design principle and the application of visual factors, information construction design and interaction method.
Get some innovation points as below:
(1) Under the help of Computer Aided Technology or 3D simulation technology, break the traditional figure monitoring technology in fire and transfer the signal to figure or 3D model.
(2) Model the whole building in graphic user interface design by using Computer Aided Technology. Create 3D user interface in intelligent architecture monitoring and control system.
(3) Improve the quality of interaction by the application of multi-media technology in intelligent architecture monitoring and control system.
本文以“智能建筑的火灾监控系统”为平台,重点研究、分析了图形用户界面设计的基本理论、设计原则;以及视觉元素、信息结构设计和交互设计在火灾监控系统中的运用,获得了以下几个创新点:
1)突破传统的火灾图像监控技术,运用计算机辅助技术和三维模拟技术,开发智能化火灾监控系统的图形界面设计,把传统的传感器数据进行图形化、模型化。
2)同样结合计算机模拟技术,把整栋大楼以立体建模的形式在交互界面中模拟出来,形成一个建筑物火灾监控系统的智能立体交互原型。
3)在监控系统的火灾报警功能界面中,运用多媒体技术的综合效果来提高图形用户界面的交互质量。
At present, the research of intelligent architecture monitoring and control system is becomes hot research field. Unfortunately, the most research is technology, fewer is graphic user interface design. As the joint between monitor and control system and operators, graphic user interface design has the single touch with user in intelligent architecture monitoring and control system. It is the most important and useful component.
This thesis focuses on the study of monitoring and control system about intelligent architecture. Main research and analysis of graphic user interface design contain basic theory, design principle and the application of visual factors, information construction design and interaction method.
Get some innovation points as below:
(1) Under the help of Computer Aided Technology or 3D simulation technology, break the traditional figure monitoring technology in fire and transfer the signal to figure or 3D model.
(2) Model the whole building in graphic user interface design by using Computer Aided Technology. Create 3D user interface in intelligent architecture monitoring and control system.
(3) Improve the quality of interaction by the application of multi-media technology in intelligent architecture monitoring and control system.
引文
[1] Edited by J. G. Carbonell and J. Siekmann: Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 890, Subseries of Leture.
[2] R. Peter Bonasso, David Kortenkamp, David P. Miller and Marc Slack: Experiences with an Architecture for Intelligent, Reactive Agents
[3] Fu, K. Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, USA: Learning control systems and intelligent control systems: An intersection of intelligence and automatic control
[4] Barbara Hayes-Roth: An architecture for adaptive intelligent systems
[5]Philip E. Agre and Stanley J. Rosenschein: Computational Theories of Interaction and Agency
[6] Cakir A., Hart, D. J., AND Stewart, T. F. M.: Visual Display Terminals: A Manual Covering Ergonomics, Workplace Design, Health and Safety, Task Organization, John Wiley &Sons, New York (1980)
[7] Card, Stuart K., Moran, Thomas P. and Newell, Allen: The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ (1983).
[8] Ehrich, R. W., Williges, R. C.: Human-Computer Dialogue Design, Elsecier Science Publishers B. V. , Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1986). [9] MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1974): Models of Human Performance
[9]Galitz, Wilbert O.: The Essential Guide to User Interface Design: An Introduction to GUI Design Principles and Techniques, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York (2003).
[10] Bolt, Richard A., The Human Interface: Where People and Computers Meet, Lifelong Learning Publications, Belmont, CA (1984).
[11] Brown, C. Marlin “Lin”, Human-Computer Interface Design Guideline, Ablex, Norwood, NJ (1988)
[12]Carroll, John M. (Editor), Designing Interaction: Psychology at the Human-Computer Interface, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. (1991)
[13]鲁晓波 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月第 31 页)
[14]潘公凯 卢辅圣《现代设计大系:视觉传达设计》上海书画出版社 2000 年第一版)
[15]中川作一[日] 著 许平等译《视觉艺术的社会心理》上海人民出版 第 35 页)
[16]注:(美)Robert Reiman. So you want to be an interaction designer. http://www.cooper.com/newsletters/2001_06_/so_you_want_to_be_an_interaction _designer.htm/2002-11-18
[17](美)巴伦。李维斯 克利夫.纳斯 著 卢大川等译《媒体等同》复旦大学出版社 2001 年 第213 页
[18]黄鸣奋《数码艺术学》学林出版社 2004 年 12 月 第 447 页
[19]Druin, Allison and Solomon, Cynthia: Designing Multimedia Environments for Children: Computer, Creativity, and Kids, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1996)
[20]Doug A. Bowman, Ernst Kruijff, Joseph J. Laviola, Jr. Ivan Poupyrev: 3D User Interfaces Theory and Practice
[21]胡飞 杨瑞编著《设计符号与产品语意》中国建筑工业出版社203年12月第1版第103页
[22]Lych Horton, Web Style Guide: Basic Design Principles of Creating Web Sites, Yale University.1997,princip1esforCreatingwebSitesYa1eUniversity.1997 http://info.med.yale.edu/caim/manual/
[23] 贺赟《论新媒介视觉传达设计发展中的媒介贺发展中的视觉传达设计》湖南大学 第52页
[24]胡飞 杨瑞 编著《设计符号与产品语意》 中国建筑工业出版社 2003年12月 第106页
[25]Harless, William G., Zier, Marxia A., Harless, Michael G. and Duncan, Robert C.: Virtual conversations: An interface to knowledge, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 23,5 (September-October 2003),211-243
[26]Kosslyn, S. M., Elements of Graphic Design, W.H. Freeman and Co., New York (1994). Mahajan, R. and Shneiderman, B.: Visual and textual consistency checking tools for graphical user interfaces, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 23 (1997)
[27]Deborah J., The Usability Engineering Lifecycle: A Practitioner’s Guide to User Interface Design, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, CA (1999)
[28]Marcus, Aaron: Graphic Design for Electronic Documents and User Interfaces, ACM, New York (1992).
[29]向威《视觉传达设计中的信息传播研究》湖南大学工业设计系 第 10 页
[30] Tullis T.S.: An evaluation of alphanumeric, graphic and color information displays, Human Factors, 23 (1981), 541-550
[31] Travis, David S., Effective Color Display: Theory and Practice, Academic Press, New York (1991)
[32]Pace, Bruce J.: Color combinations and contrast reversals on visual display units, Proc. Human Factors Society- Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting, Santa Monica, CA (1984)
[33]鲁晓波 詹炳宏 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月 第 111 页
[34]Thorell, L.G. and Smith, W. J.: Using Computer Color Effectively, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ (1990)
[35]《安全科学技术百科全书》(中国劳动社会保障出版社,2003 年 6 月出版)
[36]周宗凯《图形创意》西南师范大学出版社 2000 年第 1 页)
[37](鲁晓波 詹炳宏 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月 第 91 页
[38] (鲁晓波 詹炳宏 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月 第 40 页)
[39]罗仕鉴 朱上上 孙守迁 编著《人机界面设计》机械工业出版社 2004 年 10 月第 237 页
[40]Adler, Paul S. and Winograd, Terry (Editors), Usability: Turing Technologies into Tools, Oxford University Press, NEW York (1992)
[41] Dumas, Joseph S. and Solomon, C.: A Practical Guide to Usability Testing, Ablex, Norwood, NJ (1999, revised edition)
[2] R. Peter Bonasso, David Kortenkamp, David P. Miller and Marc Slack: Experiences with an Architecture for Intelligent, Reactive Agents
[3] Fu, K. Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, USA: Learning control systems and intelligent control systems: An intersection of intelligence and automatic control
[4] Barbara Hayes-Roth: An architecture for adaptive intelligent systems
[5]Philip E. Agre and Stanley J. Rosenschein: Computational Theories of Interaction and Agency
[6] Cakir A., Hart, D. J., AND Stewart, T. F. M.: Visual Display Terminals: A Manual Covering Ergonomics, Workplace Design, Health and Safety, Task Organization, John Wiley &Sons, New York (1980)
[7] Card, Stuart K., Moran, Thomas P. and Newell, Allen: The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ (1983).
[8] Ehrich, R. W., Williges, R. C.: Human-Computer Dialogue Design, Elsecier Science Publishers B. V. , Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1986). [9] MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1974): Models of Human Performance
[9]Galitz, Wilbert O.: The Essential Guide to User Interface Design: An Introduction to GUI Design Principles and Techniques, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York (2003).
[10] Bolt, Richard A., The Human Interface: Where People and Computers Meet, Lifelong Learning Publications, Belmont, CA (1984).
[11] Brown, C. Marlin “Lin”, Human-Computer Interface Design Guideline, Ablex, Norwood, NJ (1988)
[12]Carroll, John M. (Editor), Designing Interaction: Psychology at the Human-Computer Interface, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. (1991)
[13]鲁晓波 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月第 31 页)
[14]潘公凯 卢辅圣《现代设计大系:视觉传达设计》上海书画出版社 2000 年第一版)
[15]中川作一[日] 著 许平等译《视觉艺术的社会心理》上海人民出版 第 35 页)
[16]注:(美)Robert Reiman. So you want to be an interaction designer. http://www.cooper.com/newsletters/2001_06_/so_you_want_to_be_an_interaction _designer.htm/2002-11-18
[17](美)巴伦。李维斯 克利夫.纳斯 著 卢大川等译《媒体等同》复旦大学出版社 2001 年 第213 页
[18]黄鸣奋《数码艺术学》学林出版社 2004 年 12 月 第 447 页
[19]Druin, Allison and Solomon, Cynthia: Designing Multimedia Environments for Children: Computer, Creativity, and Kids, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1996)
[20]Doug A. Bowman, Ernst Kruijff, Joseph J. Laviola, Jr. Ivan Poupyrev: 3D User Interfaces Theory and Practice
[21]胡飞 杨瑞编著《设计符号与产品语意》中国建筑工业出版社203年12月第1版第103页
[22]Lych Horton, Web Style Guide: Basic Design Principles of Creating Web Sites, Yale University.1997,princip1esforCreatingwebSitesYa1eUniversity.1997 http://info.med.yale.edu/caim/manual/
[23] 贺赟《论新媒介视觉传达设计发展中的媒介贺发展中的视觉传达设计》湖南大学 第52页
[24]胡飞 杨瑞 编著《设计符号与产品语意》 中国建筑工业出版社 2003年12月 第106页
[25]Harless, William G., Zier, Marxia A., Harless, Michael G. and Duncan, Robert C.: Virtual conversations: An interface to knowledge, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 23,5 (September-October 2003),211-243
[26]Kosslyn, S. M., Elements of Graphic Design, W.H. Freeman and Co., New York (1994). Mahajan, R. and Shneiderman, B.: Visual and textual consistency checking tools for graphical user interfaces, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 23 (1997)
[27]Deborah J., The Usability Engineering Lifecycle: A Practitioner’s Guide to User Interface Design, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, CA (1999)
[28]Marcus, Aaron: Graphic Design for Electronic Documents and User Interfaces, ACM, New York (1992).
[29]向威《视觉传达设计中的信息传播研究》湖南大学工业设计系 第 10 页
[30] Tullis T.S.: An evaluation of alphanumeric, graphic and color information displays, Human Factors, 23 (1981), 541-550
[31] Travis, David S., Effective Color Display: Theory and Practice, Academic Press, New York (1991)
[32]Pace, Bruce J.: Color combinations and contrast reversals on visual display units, Proc. Human Factors Society- Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting, Santa Monica, CA (1984)
[33]鲁晓波 詹炳宏 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月 第 111 页
[34]Thorell, L.G. and Smith, W. J.: Using Computer Color Effectively, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ (1990)
[35]《安全科学技术百科全书》(中国劳动社会保障出版社,2003 年 6 月出版)
[36]周宗凯《图形创意》西南师范大学出版社 2000 年第 1 页)
[37](鲁晓波 詹炳宏 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月 第 91 页
[38] (鲁晓波 詹炳宏 编著《数字图形界面艺术设计》清华大学出版社 2006 年 4 月 第 40 页)
[39]罗仕鉴 朱上上 孙守迁 编著《人机界面设计》机械工业出版社 2004 年 10 月第 237 页
[40]Adler, Paul S. and Winograd, Terry (Editors), Usability: Turing Technologies into Tools, Oxford University Press, NEW York (1992)
[41] Dumas, Joseph S. and Solomon, C.: A Practical Guide to Usability Testing, Ablex, Norwood, NJ (1999, revised edition)