西部中小企业欠发展的一个解释——社会化服务体系的发育
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摘要
西部中小企业是我国地区经济发展的重要组成部分。改革开放以来，我国西部中小企业发展迅速，在保持国民经济快速健康发展、满足社会多方面需求、优化产业分工、推动技术创新、活跃城乡市场和创造就业机会等方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。然而我国经济的发展长期以来一直是以国有大中型企业为核心，西部中小企业没能得到足够的重视和应有的扶持，在发展中遇到了较多的难题。解决这些难题仅仅依靠西部中小企业自身的努力是远远不够的，必须有政府的支持。
发达国家地区的政府经过多年的探索，普遍形成了一套较为完善的扶持中小企业的政策及服务体系。然而，我国西部中小企业服务体系建设才刚刚起步。因而，通过对国内、外发展经验的比较，运用对比分析的方法，总结出一套中小企业社会化服务体系的建设思路。并根据西部地区产业结构以及地区中小企业的发展特点，研究西部地区组建中小企业社会化服务体系的针对性，探索适合西部地区经济发展特色的建设模式，提出服务体系针对性发展战略是一个亟待解决的重大课题。
文章第一部分为导论，主要介绍中国中小企业的界定及现状；第二部分分析中国中小企业欠发展的原因，并通过分析制约企业发展的内、外部因素，指出利用国外经验建设自身中小企业服务模式的必要性；第三部分通过对英国和香港地区中小企业社会化服务发展的对比分析，提出中国内地发展中小企业社会化服务体系的思路；第四部分就目前中国东、中、西部中小企业社会化服务体系的比较分析，指出社会化服务体系发育的不足对西部中小企业欠发展的深刻影响；第五部分建立西部中
小企业社会化服务体系的总体框架，研究西部地区组建中小企业社会化
服务体系的针对性，探索适合西部地区经济发展特色的建设模式，提出
服务体系的针对性发展战略;第六部分结论及启示，从政府作用、中介
机构作用、社会化服务体系的针对性、企业主观能动性四个方面进行结
论总结。
Western Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the important component of regional economy. Since the opening and reform of China, Western SMEs have been developing sharply, playing an extremely significant role in maintaining fast and healthy development of regional economy, satisfying sorts of social needs, optimizing division of work within industries, pushing technological innovation, activating city and town market and creating employment opportunities. However, Large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises have been regarded as the core of national economy of China in the past decades, while the corresponding support and enough attention have not been paid to Western SMEs. As a result, they encountered many difficult problems during the course of their development. It is absolutely not enough to depend on the efforts of their own to solve the difficult problems. The support of government is necessary.
Through many years exploration, a relatively perfect policy and service system of supporting SMEs has been generally formed in developed countries and areas. In China, the construction of the service system forwestern SMEs was just started. Passing to comparison home-board development experience, a developments way of thinking of the service system for SMEs will be summarized by making use of the method of the contrast analysis. And according to western region industrial structure and regionSMEs development characteristics, it is important lesson for researching of a pertinency of the service
system for western SMEs, exploring a development mode for western region and putting forward a pertinent development strategy of western SMEs.
The first part of paper is an introduction that main introduce the define and the present condition of SMEs. The second part is that analyze some development reasons of SMEs and point out the necessity of making use of home-board development experience to make the service mode for SMEs, while analyze inside and exterior factor of obstructing development of SMEs. Through analyzing development mode of the service system for SMEs from England to Hong Kong, the third part is that bring up a way of thinking of the service system for Chinese SMEs. The fourth part is that contract the service system for SMEs among eastern, medial and western region and point out deep influence of deficient of the service system for SMEs towards under developing SMEs in western region. The fifth part is that establish a total frame of the service system for western SMEs, study the pertinency of the service system for western SMEs, explore a development mode for western region and put forward a pertinent development strategy of weste
rn SMEs. The sixth part is conclusion and enlighten that proceed the conclusion summary from the government and social intermediaries' function, the pertinency of the service system for western SMEs, the subjective initiative of SMEs.
发达国家地区的政府经过多年的探索，普遍形成了一套较为完善的扶持中小企业的政策及服务体系。然而，我国西部中小企业服务体系建设才刚刚起步。因而，通过对国内、外发展经验的比较，运用对比分析的方法，总结出一套中小企业社会化服务体系的建设思路。并根据西部地区产业结构以及地区中小企业的发展特点，研究西部地区组建中小企业社会化服务体系的针对性，探索适合西部地区经济发展特色的建设模式，提出服务体系针对性发展战略是一个亟待解决的重大课题。
文章第一部分为导论，主要介绍中国中小企业的界定及现状；第二部分分析中国中小企业欠发展的原因，并通过分析制约企业发展的内、外部因素，指出利用国外经验建设自身中小企业服务模式的必要性；第三部分通过对英国和香港地区中小企业社会化服务发展的对比分析，提出中国内地发展中小企业社会化服务体系的思路；第四部分就目前中国东、中、西部中小企业社会化服务体系的比较分析，指出社会化服务体系发育的不足对西部中小企业欠发展的深刻影响；第五部分建立西部中
小企业社会化服务体系的总体框架，研究西部地区组建中小企业社会化
服务体系的针对性，探索适合西部地区经济发展特色的建设模式，提出
服务体系的针对性发展战略;第六部分结论及启示，从政府作用、中介
机构作用、社会化服务体系的针对性、企业主观能动性四个方面进行结
论总结。
Western Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the important component of regional economy. Since the opening and reform of China, Western SMEs have been developing sharply, playing an extremely significant role in maintaining fast and healthy development of regional economy, satisfying sorts of social needs, optimizing division of work within industries, pushing technological innovation, activating city and town market and creating employment opportunities. However, Large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises have been regarded as the core of national economy of China in the past decades, while the corresponding support and enough attention have not been paid to Western SMEs. As a result, they encountered many difficult problems during the course of their development. It is absolutely not enough to depend on the efforts of their own to solve the difficult problems. The support of government is necessary.
Through many years exploration, a relatively perfect policy and service system of supporting SMEs has been generally formed in developed countries and areas. In China, the construction of the service system forwestern SMEs was just started. Passing to comparison home-board development experience, a developments way of thinking of the service system for SMEs will be summarized by making use of the method of the contrast analysis. And according to western region industrial structure and regionSMEs development characteristics, it is important lesson for researching of a pertinency of the service
system for western SMEs, exploring a development mode for western region and putting forward a pertinent development strategy of western SMEs.
The first part of paper is an introduction that main introduce the define and the present condition of SMEs. The second part is that analyze some development reasons of SMEs and point out the necessity of making use of home-board development experience to make the service mode for SMEs, while analyze inside and exterior factor of obstructing development of SMEs. Through analyzing development mode of the service system for SMEs from England to Hong Kong, the third part is that bring up a way of thinking of the service system for Chinese SMEs. The fourth part is that contract the service system for SMEs among eastern, medial and western region and point out deep influence of deficient of the service system for SMEs towards under developing SMEs in western region. The fifth part is that establish a total frame of the service system for western SMEs, study the pertinency of the service system for western SMEs, explore a development mode for western region and put forward a pertinent development strategy of weste
rn SMEs. The sixth part is conclusion and enlighten that proceed the conclusion summary from the government and social intermediaries' function, the pertinency of the service system for western SMEs, the subjective initiative of SMEs.
引文
1、王文长著：《中国经济发展的B面》北京：民族出版社1997
2、王文长著：《开发经济学》北京：海潮出版社1999
3、王文长、孟延燕著：《少数民族地区经济发展：结构模式未来》北京：民族出版社1990
4、卫东主编：《中小企业社会服务体系建设探索与实践》北京：中国经济出版社1999．12
5、国家经贸委中小企业司、德国技术合作公司编：《德国中小企业促进政策学习与思考》北京：中国经济出版社2002．3
6、项润，高媛编著：《中小企业竞争与发展》北京：企业管理出版社1999．1
7、俞建国主编：《中国中小企业发展战略研究》北京：人民出版社2002．1
8、傅建华主编：《上海中小企业发展战略研究》上海财经大学出版社1998
9、朱国宏主编：《经济社会学》上海：复旦大学出版社1999．6
10、周永亮主编：《中国企业前沿问题报告》北京：中国社会科学出版社2001．10
11、21世纪经济报 2001-2003
12、陈乃醒主编：《中国中小企业发展与预测—政策导向与中小企业发展》北京：经济管理出版社 2002
13、王晓敏著：《成长型中小企业的运行模式》 北京：中国经济出版社2002．11
14、揭筱纹等著：《西部地区中小企业发展研究》 西南财经大学出版社2001．11
15、国家发改委中小企业司、英国国际发展部编：《中小企业服务体系国际经验比较》中国经济出版社2003年9月
16、袁美娟主编：《中国中小企业的发展及未来》天津社会科学院出版社
2000．9
17、林汉川、魏中奇主编：《中小企业存在与发展》上海财经大学出版社2001．11
18、纪良纲、王小平编：《市场中介组织与中小企业发展研究》物价出版社2001．8
19、易国庆著：《中小企业政府管理与政策支持体系研究》企业管理出版社2001．8
20、史忠良等著：《小企业发展研究》 北京：经济管理出版社2001．10
21、唐菊裳编著：《中小企业风险防范》 北京：中国经济出版社2002．3
22、武土国，宋立主编：《创业投资：国际经验与中国抉择》 北京：中国计划出版社2001．10
2、王文长著：《开发经济学》北京：海潮出版社1999
3、王文长、孟延燕著：《少数民族地区经济发展：结构模式未来》北京：民族出版社1990
4、卫东主编：《中小企业社会服务体系建设探索与实践》北京：中国经济出版社1999．12
5、国家经贸委中小企业司、德国技术合作公司编：《德国中小企业促进政策学习与思考》北京：中国经济出版社2002．3
6、项润，高媛编著：《中小企业竞争与发展》北京：企业管理出版社1999．1
7、俞建国主编：《中国中小企业发展战略研究》北京：人民出版社2002．1
8、傅建华主编：《上海中小企业发展战略研究》上海财经大学出版社1998
9、朱国宏主编：《经济社会学》上海：复旦大学出版社1999．6
10、周永亮主编：《中国企业前沿问题报告》北京：中国社会科学出版社2001．10
11、21世纪经济报 2001-2003
12、陈乃醒主编：《中国中小企业发展与预测—政策导向与中小企业发展》北京：经济管理出版社 2002
13、王晓敏著：《成长型中小企业的运行模式》 北京：中国经济出版社2002．11
14、揭筱纹等著：《西部地区中小企业发展研究》 西南财经大学出版社2001．11
15、国家发改委中小企业司、英国国际发展部编：《中小企业服务体系国际经验比较》中国经济出版社2003年9月
16、袁美娟主编：《中国中小企业的发展及未来》天津社会科学院出版社
2000．9
17、林汉川、魏中奇主编：《中小企业存在与发展》上海财经大学出版社2001．11
18、纪良纲、王小平编：《市场中介组织与中小企业发展研究》物价出版社2001．8
19、易国庆著：《中小企业政府管理与政策支持体系研究》企业管理出版社2001．8
20、史忠良等著：《小企业发展研究》 北京：经济管理出版社2001．10
21、唐菊裳编著：《中小企业风险防范》 北京：中国经济出版社2002．3
22、武土国，宋立主编：《创业投资：国际经验与中国抉择》 北京：中国计划出版社2001．10