亲电环化合成杂环化合物的研究
|
摘要
本论文主要研究了通过亲电诱导来合成一些杂环化合物，内容主要包括以下四部分：
第一章：
主要描述亲电环化反应的历史，进展，以及它在最近几年里的发展特点，趋向和未来发展方向。
第二章：
主要介绍了我们通过格氏反应、消除、环氧化反应合成一些炔基环氧化合物，然后通过亲电环化生成呋喃衍生物，产率高，温度低，这些化合物再通过Sonogashira/Heck偶联反应合成一些复杂的药物中间体和绿色环保的有机物。
第三章：
主要介绍了我们通过对酯胺化，再引入三元环，格氏反应合成底物，通过亲电诱导意外的生成了吡喃衍生物，立体选择性好、产率高、体系温、环境友好。
第四章：
主要介绍了亲电环化在1，3环加成反应中的实际应用。我们通过亲电环化的特点、机理和环加成的基本条件，合成了一些炔烯醛的底物，通过碘卡宾中间体，1、3环加成合成了桥氧多环化合物。我们首次实现了利用非金属来合成此类化合物。大大降低了合成成本，减少了环境污染。为合成此类化合物提供了新思路。
The thesis will to studies the synthesis of some heterocyclic compound viaelectrophilic cyclization.It mainly contists of the following four parts.
PartⅠ:
In this part we make a summary about the history、develop、tendency of theelectrophilic cyclization reaction..
PartⅡ
In this part we mainly introduce to synthesis furan derivations through electrophiliccyclization of the proparylic oxirane compound.we get to highly yields in roomtemperature and It is very friendly to environment, even we use it to synthesis somecomplex drugs and organics intermediate.
PartⅢ
In this part we introduced that synthesis of polysubstituted indopyran viaelectrophilic cyclization.this reaction are occur under mild condition and gain veryhigh yields.this occurance of pyran group in both natural product and pharmaceuticalsconfer important value to this study.
PartⅣ
In this part we introduced the application of electrophilic cyclization in the 1,3cyclic-addition.we synthesis some poly-cyclic compounds via a new method.thismethod make the synthesis cost down quickly and friendly to the environment.
第一章：
主要描述亲电环化反应的历史，进展，以及它在最近几年里的发展特点，趋向和未来发展方向。
第二章：
主要介绍了我们通过格氏反应、消除、环氧化反应合成一些炔基环氧化合物，然后通过亲电环化生成呋喃衍生物，产率高，温度低，这些化合物再通过Sonogashira/Heck偶联反应合成一些复杂的药物中间体和绿色环保的有机物。
第三章：
主要介绍了我们通过对酯胺化，再引入三元环，格氏反应合成底物，通过亲电诱导意外的生成了吡喃衍生物，立体选择性好、产率高、体系温、环境友好。
第四章：
主要介绍了亲电环化在1，3环加成反应中的实际应用。我们通过亲电环化的特点、机理和环加成的基本条件，合成了一些炔烯醛的底物，通过碘卡宾中间体，1、3环加成合成了桥氧多环化合物。我们首次实现了利用非金属来合成此类化合物。大大降低了合成成本，减少了环境污染。为合成此类化合物提供了新思路。
The thesis will to studies the synthesis of some heterocyclic compound viaelectrophilic cyclization.It mainly contists of the following four parts.
PartⅠ:
In this part we make a summary about the history、develop、tendency of theelectrophilic cyclization reaction..
PartⅡ
In this part we mainly introduce to synthesis furan derivations through electrophiliccyclization of the proparylic oxirane compound.we get to highly yields in roomtemperature and It is very friendly to environment, even we use it to synthesis somecomplex drugs and organics intermediate.
PartⅢ
In this part we introduced that synthesis of polysubstituted indopyran viaelectrophilic cyclization.this reaction are occur under mild condition and gain veryhigh yields.this occurance of pyran group in both natural product and pharmaceuticalsconfer important value to this study.
PartⅣ
In this part we introduced the application of electrophilic cyclization in the 1,3cyclic-addition.we synthesis some poly-cyclic compounds via a new method.thismethod make the synthesis cost down quickly and friendly to the environment.
引文
[1]a)Remote diastereoselection in the asymmetric synthesis of pravastatin；A．R．Daniewski，P．M．Wovkulich，M．R．Uskokovic，J．Org．Chem．，1992，57 (26)，pp7133-7139．b)Asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids through α-iodination of chiral unsaturated carboxamides and stereoselective iodolactonization；O．Kitagawa，T．Hanano，N．Kikuchi and T．Taguchi，Tetrahedron Lett，1993，34，2165-2168。
[2]Unusual Iodine Catalyzed Lactonization of y-Methyl-y，&pentenoic Acids：A Facile Synthesis of y，y-Dimethyl-)cbutyrolactones；K．M．Kim and E．K．Ryu，Tetrahedron Lett，1996，37，1441．
[3]a)A Novel C_2-Symmetric 2，6-Diallylpiperidine Carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester as a Promising Chiral Building Block for Piperidine-Related Alkaloids；H．Takahata，H．Ouchi，M．Ichinose，and H．Nemoto，Org．Lett．，2002，4 (20)，pp3459-3462．b) An Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of 4，5-trans-1，5-cis-3-Oxabicyclo[3．1．0]hexan-2-ones via the Iodolactonization of Alkylidenecyclopropyl Esters；S．M．Ma and L．H．Lu，J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (19)，pp 7629-7633．
[4]a)Epoxidation of olefins catalyzed by manganese(Ⅲ)porphyrin in a room temperature ionic liquid；Z．Li and C．G．Xia，Tetrahedron Lett，44 (2003)2069-2071．b)Synthesis of Isocoumarins and α-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization；T．L．Yao and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2003，68，5936-5942．
[5]Asymmetric Induction of the Iodolactonization Reaction of α-Sulfurated γ-Unsaturated Amides；V．Blot，V．Reboul，and P．Metzner．J．Org．Chem．，2004，69 (4)，pp 1196-1201．
[6] Iodo-cyclization of N-Homoallyl Thioamides Leading to 2，4-Diaryl-5，6-dihydro-4H-1，3-thiazines；Murai T；Niwa，H．；Kimura，T．；Chem．Lett．2004，33，508-509．
[7]Predictive models for the overall 5-endo-trig iodocyclisation of homoallylic alcohols；．J．．M．Barks and D．W．Knight，C．J．Seaman and G．G．Weingarten，Tetrahedron lett．1993，35，7259-7262．．
[8]A stereocontrolled synthesis of anti-2，5-disubstituted tetrahydrofurans；S．H．Kang，and S．B．Lee，Tetrahedron lett．1993，34，1955．
[9]a)Donor-substituted furans and 1，2-bis(trifluoromethyl)ethylene-1，2-dicarbonitrile：A novel rearrangement and its steric course；G．U．Desmaison，G．Mloston and R．Huisgen，Tetrahedron lett．1994，35．4977-4980．b)Diastereoselective synthesis of 4，5-dihydrofurans by iodoenolcyclisation of 2-allyl-1，3-dicarbonyl compounds；R．Antonioletti，S．Malancona and P．Bovicelli，Tetrahedron．2002，43，8825-8831．c)Synthesis of Cyclic Enol Ethers from Alkenyl-β-dicarbonyl Compounds Helena M．C．Ferraz，Myrian K．Sano，Marta R．S．Nunes，and Graziela G．Bianco，J．Org．Chem．，2002，67 (12)，pp 4122-4126．d)Iodoenolcyclisation of 2-(1，3-disubstituted-1-allyl)-1，3-dicarbonyl compounds：diastereoselective synthesis of tetrasubstituted dihydrofurans；R．Antonioletti，S．Malancona，F．Cattaruzza and P．Bovicelli，Tetrahedron．2003，59．1673-1678．
[10]Iodocyclization Reactions for the Desymmetrization of Cyclohexa-1，4-dienes；M．Butters，M．C．Elliott，J．Hill-Cousins，J．S．Paine，and J．K．E．Walker，Org．Lett．，2007，9 (18)，pp 3635-3638
[11]Electrophile-induced domino cyclization reaction for the synthesis of 2，2a，10，11 -tetrahydrofuro[20，40：4，6]pyrano[2，3-b]quinolines；B．Singh，A．Chandra，S．Upadhyay，R．M．Singh，M．C．Puerta b，P．Valerga，Tetrahedron Lett 49 (2008)6423-6425．
[12]Efficient Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 5-Alkyl(aryl)idene- and 5-[Iodoalkyl(aryl)idene]-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization；K．Cherry，A．Duchene，J．Thibonnet，J．Parrain，E．Anselmi，M．Abarbri，Synthesis 2009：257-270
[13]a)A new，highly stereoselective approach to pyrrolidines via overall 5-endo-trig cyclisations of homoallylic tosylamides；A．D．Jones and D．W．Knight，Chem．Commun．，1996，915-916．b)A stereochemically flexible approach to pyrrolidines based on 5-endo-trig iodocyclisations of homoallylic sulfonamides；A．D．Jones，D．W．Knight and D．E．Hibbs，J．Chem．Soc．，Perkin Trans．1，2001，1182-1203．c)The synthesis of 5-substituted proline derivatives and of 5-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxylates by 5-endo cyclisations featuring a method for effectively favouring these with respect to 5-exo cyclisations; D. W. Knight, A. L. Redfern and J. Gilmore, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2001,2874-2883.
[14] A Noncarbohydrate Based Approach to Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidizines: Total Syntheses of the Natural Products Hyacinthacine A_1 and 1-Epiaustraline; T. J. Donohoe, H. O. Sintim,and J. Hollinshead, J. Org. Chem., 2005, 70 (18), pp 7297-7304.
[15] Asymmetric Synthesis of trans-2,5-Disubstituted Pyrrolidines from Enantiopure Homoallylic Amines. Synthesis of Pyrrolidine ㈠-197B; F. A. Davis, M. Song, and A. Augustine, J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71 (7), pp 2779-2786
[16] Iodine-mediated Ring Closing Alkene Iodoamination with N-Debenzylation for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidines; S. G. Davies, R. L. Nicholson, P. D. Price, P. M. Roberts, A. D. Smith, Synlett 2004: 0901-0903。
[17] New Insights into NIS-Promoted Aminocyclization. Synthesis of Decahydroquinolines from 2-Allylcyclohexylamines; F. Diaba,E. Ricou, and J. Bonjoch, Org. Lett., 2007, 9 (14), pp 2633-2636
[18] Planar Chirality: Synthesis and Transannular Reactions of Unsaturated Optically Active Azoninones Bearing E-Olefins; A. Sudau, W. Munch, and U. Nubbemeyer, J. Org. Chem., 2000, 65 (6), pp 1710-1720
[19] Ionic iodocarbocyclization reaction; O. Kitagawa, T. Inoue and T. Taguchi, Tetrahedron Lett 49 (2008) 2167-2170.
[20] a)Selective synthesis of natural and unnatural 5,6-disubstituted 2(2H)-pyranones via iodolactonization of 5-substituted (2)-2-en-4-ynoic acids; F. Bellina, M. Biagetti, A. Carpita and R. Rossi, Tetrahedront 57 (2001) 2857-2870. b) New procedures for the selective synthesis of 2(2H)-pyranone derivatives and 3-aryl-4-iodoisocoumarins; M. Biagetti, F. Bellina, A. Carpita, P. Stabile and R. Rossi, Tetrahedront 58 (2002) 2857-2870.
[21] Synthesis of 3-arylisocoumarins, including thunberginols A and B, unsymmetrical 3,4-disubstituted isocoumarins, and 3-ylidenephthalides via iodolactonization of methyl 2-ynylbenzoates or the corresponding carboxylic acids; R. Rossi, A. Carpita, F. Bellina, P. Stabile and L. Mannina, Tetrahedront 59 (2003) 2067-2081.
[22] Synthesis of Isocoumarins and a-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization; T. L. Yao and R. C. Larock, J. Org. Chem., 2003, 68 (15), pp 5936-5942.
[23] Synthesis of Phosphaisocoumarins via Iodocyclization; A. Y. Peng and Y. X. Ding, Org．Lett．，2004，6 (7)，pp 1119-1121．
[24]Synthesis of 2(3H)-Furanones via Electrophilic Cyclization；Z．W．Just，and R．C Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2008，73 (7)，2662-2667·
[25]Synthesis of Polysubstituted 3-Iodopyrans by Electrophilic Cyclization；Y．X．Xie，Z．Y．Yan，D．Z．Wang，L．Y．Wu，B．Qian，X．Y．Liu，and Y．M．Liang，Eur．J．Org．Chem．2009，2283-2288
[26]Expedient Syntheses of β-Iodofurans by 5-endo-dig Cyclisations；S．P．Bew，G．M．El-Taeb，S．Jones，D．W．Knight，and W．F．Tan，Eur．J．Org．Chem．2007，5759-5770
[27]5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of 1，4-Disubstituted But-3-yn-1-ones：Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 2，5-Disubstituted 3-Bromo- and 3-Iodofurans；A．Sniady，K A．Wheeler，and R．Dembinski，Org．Lett．，2005，7 (9)，1769-1772·
[28]Efficient Synthesis of Substituted 3-Iodofurans by Electrophilic Cyclization of Propargylic Oxirane Derivatives；Y．X．Xie，X．Y．Liu，L．Y．Wu，Y．Han， L．B．Zhao，M．J．Fan，and Y．M．Liang．Eur．J．Org．Chem．2008，1013-1018．
[29]Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-(1 -Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones Using the I_2/K_3PO_4 System：An Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Iodofurans；Y．H．Liu and S．L．Zhou，Org．Lett．，2005，7 (21)，pp 4609-4611
[30]An efficient synthesis of highly substituted furans via the electrophilic cyclization of 1-(1-alkynyl)-cyclopropyl ketones；X．Huang，W．J Fu and M．Z．Miao，Tetrahedron Lett 49 (2008)2359-2362．
[31]Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]furans by the Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling of o-Iodoanisoles and Terminal Alkynes，Followed by Electrophilic Cyclization；D．W Yue，T．L．Yao，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (25)，10292-10296·
[32]Synthesis of 2，4，5-Trisubstituted 3-Fluorofurans via Sequential Iodocyclization and Cross-Coupling of gem-Difluorohomopropargyl Alcohols；S．Arimitsu，J．M．Jacobsen，and G．B．Hammond，J. Org．Chem．，2008，73 (7)，pp 2886-2889
[33]Electrophilic Cyclization of o-Acetoxy- and o-Benzyloxyalkynylpyridines：An Easy Entry into 2，3-Disubstituted Furopyridines；A．Arcadi，S．Cacchi，S．D．Giuseppe，G．Fabrizi，and F．Marinelli，Org．Lett．，2002，4 (14)，pp 2409-2412
[34]A Synthetic Entry to Furo[2，3-b]pyridin-4(1H)-ones and Related Furoquinolinones via Iodocyclization；1．Aillaud，E．Bossharth，D．Conreaux，P．Desbordes，N． Monteiro，and G．Balme；Org．Lett．，2006，8 (6)，pp 1113-1116
[35]Competition Studies in Alkyne Electrophilic Cyclization Reactions； S．Mehta，J．P．Waldo，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2009，74 (3)，1141-1147．
[36] Synthesis of 4-Iodo-3-furanones Utilizing Electrophile-Induced Tandem Cyclization/1，2-Migration Reactions；B．Crone and S．F．Kirsch，J．Org．Chem．，2007，72 (14)，pp 5435-5438．
[37] Electrophile-Induced Cyclization/Migration Reaction for the Synthesis of 2，3-Dihydro-5-iodopyran-4-one；S．G．Wen，W．M．Liu and Y．M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．，2008，73 (11)，pp 4342-4344．
[38]Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones；D．W．Yue，N．D．C，and R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．，2004，6 (10)，1581-1584．
[39]Synthesis of Isoxazoles via Electrophilic Cyclization；J．P．Waldo，and R．C．Larock Org．Lett．，2005，7 (23)，5203-5205．
[40]Synthesis of Nonracemicβ-Hydroxy Ketones and Carbonate Derivatives from Homopropargylic Alcohols through lodolactonization．J．A．Marshall，and M．M．Yanik，J．Org．Chem．，1999，64 (11)，3798-3799．
[41]6-exo versus 7-endo iodolactonizations of 2-(alkynyl)phenylacetic acids；M．G．Ali Badry，B．Kariuki，D．W．Knight，and F．K．Mohammed．Tetrahedron Lett 50 (2009)1385-1388．
[42]A simple，two-step synthesis of 3-iodoindoles；M．Amjad and D．W．Knight．，Tetrahedron Lett 45 (2004)539-541．
[43]Synthesis of Substituted Isoquinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of Iminoalkynes；Q．H．Huang，J．A．Hunter，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2002，67 (10)，pp 3437-3444
[44]Solid-Phase Synthesis of 1，2，3-Trisubstituted Indoles and 2，3-Disubstituted Benzofurans via Iodocyclization；T．L．Yao，D．W．Yue，and R．C．Larock，J．Comb．Chem．，2005，7 (6)，809-812·
[45]Alternating lodonium-Mediated Reaction Cascades Giving Indole- And Quinoline-Containing Polycycles；R．Halim，P．J．Scammells and B．L．Flynn，Org．Lett．，2008，10 (10)，pp 1967-1970
[46]Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Isoindolin-1-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization；T．L．Yao and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (4)，pp 1432-1437．
[47] Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N，N-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines；D．W．Yue，and R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．，2004，6 (6)，1037-1040．
[48]A Novel Synthetic Route to 3-Sulfenyl- and 3-Selenylindoles by n-Bu4NI-Induced Electrophilic Cyclization；Y．Chen，C．H．Cho，and R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．，2009，11(1)，173-176．
[49]Iodine-Mediated Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-Alkynyl-1-methylene Azide Aromatics Leading to Highly Substituted Isoquinolines and Its Application to the Synthesis of Norchelerythrine；D．Fischer，H．Tomeba，N．K．Pahadi，N．T．Patil，Z．B．Huo，and Y．Yamamoto，J．Am．Chem．Soc．2008，130，15720-15725．
[51]Efficient Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 5-Alkyl(aryl)idene- and 5-[Iodoalkyl(aryl)idene]-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization；K．Cherry，M．Abarbri，Synthesis，2009，257-270．
[52]Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of 3-Iodochromones and Heteroatom Analogues via ICl-Induced Cyclization；C．X．Zhou，A．V．Dubrovsky，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2006，71 (4)，1626-1632
[53]Highly efficient electrophilic cyclization of N'-(2-alkynylbenzylidene)hydrazides；Q．P．Ding，Z．Y.Chen，X．X．Yu，Y.Y．Peng，and J．Wu，Tetrahedron Lett 2009，50，340-342．
[54]Iodine-mediated electrophilic cyclization of 2-alkynylbenzaldoximes leading to the formation of iodoisoquinoline N-oxides；Z．B．Huo，H．Tomeba，Y．Yamamoto，Tetrahedron Lett 2008，49，5531-5533．
[55]Expeditious synthesis of indolizine derivatives via iodine mediated 5-endo-dig cyclization；I．Kim，J．Choi，H．K．Won and G．H．Lee，Tetrahedron Lett 2007，48，6863-6867．
[56]Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Indolizinones via Iodocyclization and 1，2-Shift；J．Choi，G. H．Lee，I．Kim，synlett，2008，1243-1249．
[57]A general approach to polysubstituted pyrroles；D．W．Knight，H．C．Rost，C．M．Sharland and J．Singkhonrat，Tetrahedron Lett 2007，48，7906-7910．
[58]On the viability of 5-endo-dig cyclisations of O-propargylic hydroxylamine derivatives，leading to 2，5-dihydroisoxazoles (3-isoxazolines)；O．F．Foot，D．W．Knight， A. Cheng, L. L. Low and Y. F. Li, Tetrahedron Lett 2007,48,647-650
[59] Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatics and Heteroaromatics via Electrophilic Cyclization T. L. Yao, M. A. Campo, and R. C. Larock. J. Org. Chem., 2005, 70 (9), 3511-3517.
[60] Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of N-(2-Alkynyl)anilines X. X. Zhang, M. A. Campo, T. L. Yao, and R. C. Larock. Org. Lett., 2005, 7 (5), 763-766·
[61] Synthesis of Naphthalenes and 2-Naphthols by the Electrophilic Cyclization of Alkynes; X. X. Zhang, S. Sarkar, and R. C. Larock J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71 (1), 236-243.
[62] Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted 2H-Benzopyrans through C-C Bond Formation via Electrophilic Cyclization; S. A. Worlikar, T. Kesharwani, T. L. Yao, and R. C. Larock J. Org. Chem., 2007, 72 (4), 1347-1353·
[63] Selective Synthesis of Spiro[4,5]trienyl Acetates via an Intramolecular Electrophilic ipso-Iodocyclization Process; B. X. Tang, D. J. Tang, S. Tang, Q. F. Yu, Y. H. Zhang, Y. Liang, P. Zhong, and J. H. Li, Org. Lett., 2008,10 (6), 1063-1066.
[64] Electrophilic ipso-Iodocyclization of iV-(4-Methylphenyl)propiolamides: Selective Synthesis of 8-Methyleneazaspiro[4,5]trienes; Q. F. Yu, Y. H. Zhang, Q. Yin, B. X. Tang, R. Y. Tang, P. Zhong and J. H. Li, J. Org. Chem., 2008, 73 (9), pp 3658-3661, [65] Electrophilic ipso-Cyclization of N-(p-Methoxyaryl)propiolamides Involving an Electrophile-Exchange Process; B. X. Tang, Q. Yin, R. Y. Tang, and J. H. Li, J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 9008-9011
[66] Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Indene Derivatives via Electrophilic Cyclization; H. P. Bi, L. N. Guo, X. H. Duan, F. R Gou, S. H. Huang, X. Y. Liu, and Y. M. Liang. Org. Lett., 2007, 9 (3), 397-400
[67] Synthesis of Indene Derivatives via Electrophilic Cyclization; Z. A. Khan, and T. Wirth. Org. Lett., 2009,11(1), 229-231.
[68] Iodocarbocyclization Reaction of p-Ketoesters and Alkynes; J. Barluenga, D. Palomas, E. Rubio, and J. M. Gonzlez. Org. Lett., 2007, 9 (15), 2823-2826.
[69] Synthesis of 2, 3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes; D. W. Yue, and R. C. Larock. J. Org. Chem., 2002, 67(6), 1905-1909.
[70] Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]selenophenes via Electrophilic Cyclization. T．Kesharwani，S．A．Worlikar，and R．C．Larock．J．Org．Chem．，2006，71 (6)，2307-2312·
[1](a)Natural sesquiterpenoids；Fraga，B．M．Nat．Prod．Rep．1992，9，217．(b)Photochemical reactivity of 6alpha-hydroxy-7-keto neoclerodane diterpenoids； Merritt，A．T．；Ley，S．V．Nat．Prod．Rep．1992，9，243．(c)Dean，F．A．Naturally Occurring Oxygen Ring Compounds; Butterworth: London, 1963. (d) Natural Products Chemistry; Nakanishi, K., Goto, T., Ito, S., Natori, S., Nozoe, S., Eds.; Kodansha: Tokyo, 1974; Vols. 1-3. (e) Dean, F. M. In Advances in Heterocydic Chemistry; Katritzky, A. R., Ed., Academic Press: New York, 1983; Vol. 31, pp 237-344. (f) Sargent, M. V.; Dean, F. M. In Comprehensive Heterocydic Chemistry; Bird, C. W., Cheeseman, G. W. H., Eds.; Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1984; Vol.3, pp 599-656. (g) Five-membered heteroaromatic rings as intermediates in organic synthesis; Lipshutz, B. H. Chem. Rev. 1986, 86, 795.
[2] a) A. R. Katritsky, Advances in Heterocydic Chemistry; Academic Press: New York, 1982; b) M. V. Sargent, F. M. Dean, In Comprehensive Heterocydic Chemistry; (Eds: A. R. Katrizky, C. W. Rees,), Pergamon Press, New York, 1984; Vol. 4, 599-656; c) K. Nakanishi, Natural Products Chemistry; Kodansha: Tokyo, 1974; d) C. W. Bird, G. W. H. Cheeseman, Comprehensive Organic Chemistry; Pergamon: New York, 1984; e) G. Vernin, The Chemistry of Heterocydic Flavouring and Aroma Compounds; Ellis Harwood: Chichester, U.K., 1982. (e) Total syntheses of (+)-castanospermine and (+)-l-epicastanospermine and their 1-O-acyl derivatives from a common chiral building block; Paquette, L. A.; Astles, P. C. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 165. (f) Bis-heteroannulation. 16. A synthetic approach to geigerin; Jacobi, P. A.; Touchette, K. M; Selnick, H. G. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 6305. (g) Total synthesis of furanocembranolides. 1. Stereocontrolled preparation of key heterocydic building blocks and assembly of a complete seco-pseudopterane framework; Paquette, L. A.; Doherty, A. M.; Rayner, C. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 3910. (h) The furan approach to oxygenated natural products. Total synthesis of (+)-KDO; Martin, S. F.; Zinke, P. W. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 6600. (e) Furans in synthesis. 11. Total syntheses of (.+-.)- and (-)-fastigilin C; Tanis, S. P.; Robinson, E. D.; McMills, M. C; Watt, W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992,114, 8349.
[3] 2,3,4- or 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Furans: Catalyst-Controlled Highly Regioselective Ring-Opening Cycloisomerization Reaction of Cyclopropenyl Ketones-, Ma, S.; Zhang, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 12386.
[4] Gold Catalysis: Mild Conditions for the Transformation of Alkynyl Epoxides to Furans; A. S. K. Hashmi, P. Sinha, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 432-438.
[5] a) Synthesis of 2,5-Diaryl-3-halofurans via Regioselective Ring Cleavage of Aryl 3-Aryl-2,2-dihalocyclopropyl Ketones; Y. Tanabe, K. Wakimura, Y. Nishii, Y. Muroya, Synthesis 1996, 388-392. b) Metalated Heterocycles and Their Applications in Synthetic Organic Chemistry；R．Chinchilla，C．Najera，M．Yus，Chem．Rev．2004，104，2667-2722．
[6]a)Total Synthesis of Ailanthoidol and Precursor XH14 by Stille Coupling；S．-Y．Lin，C．-L．Chen，Y．-J．Lee，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，2968-2971．b)The Preparation of 2，3，5-Tri- and 2，3-Disubstituted Furans by Regioselective Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions：Application to the Syntheses of Rosefuran and the F_5 Furan Fatty Acid；T．Bach，L．Kr(u|¨)ger，Eur．J．Org．Chem．1999，9，2045-2057．c)Synthesis of polysubstituted 3-thiofurans by regiospecific mono-ipso-substitution and ortho-metallation from 3，4-dibromofuran；C．Alvarez-Ibarra，M．L．Quiroga，E．Toledano，Tetrahedron 1996，52，4065-4078．
[7]a)Scope and Mechanism of Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Five-Membered Heterocyclic Halides；M．W．Hooper，M．Utsunomiya，J．F．Hartwig，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，2861-2873．(b)Several Convenient Methods for the Synthesis of 2-Amido Substituted Furans；A．Padwa，K．R．Crawford，P．Rashatasakhon，M．Rose，J．Org．Chem 2003，68，2609-2617．c)Copper-catalyzed amidations of bromo substituted furans and thiophenes；K．R．Crawford，A．Padwa，Tetrahedron Lett．2002，43，7365-7368．
[8]Synthesis and photooxygenation of 2-thiofuran derivatives：a mild and direct access to O，S-dimethyl and O-methyl-S-phenyl thiomaleates； Y．Arroyo，J．F．Rodriguez，M．A．Sanz-Tejedor，M．Santos，Tetrahedron Lett．2002，43，9129-9132；
[9]A brief synthesis of β-iodofurans；S．P．Bew，D．W．Knight，Chem．Commun．1996，1007-1008．
[10]Iodine promoted cyclofunctionalization reaction of 2，4 dialkenyl-1．3-dicarbonyl compound；H．A．Stefani，N．Petragnani，C．J．Valduga，C．A．Brandt，Tetrahedron Lett．1997，38，4977-4980．
[11]5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of α-Alkynyl Carbonyl Compounds： Synthesis of Novel Bicyclic 5-Iodo- and 5-Bromofuranopyrimidine Nucleosides；M．S．Rao，N．Esho，C．Sergeant，R．Dembinski，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，6788-6790．
[12] 5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of 1，4-Disubstituted But-3-yn-1-ones： Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 2，5-Disubstituted 3-Bromo- and 3-Iodofurans；A．Sniady，K．A．Wheeler，R．Dembinski，Org．Lett．2005，7，1769-1772．
[13]Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-(1-Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones Using the I_2/K_3PO_4 System：An Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Iodofurans；Y．H．Liu，S．B．Zhou， Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 4609-4611.
[14] a) K. E. Harding, T. H. Tinger, In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis; (Eds: B. M. Trost, I. Fleming,), Pergamon: Oxford, 1991; Vol. 4, 463. b) J. Mulzer, In Organic Syntheis Highlights; VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1991; 157. (c) Electrophilic cyclization of unsaturated amides; G. Rousseau, S. Robin, Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 13681-13736.
[15] a) Synthesis of Substituted Isoquinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of Iminoalkynes; Q. Huang, J. A. Hunter, R. C. Larock, J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 3437-3444. b) Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of N-(2-Alkynyl)anilines; X. Zhang, A. C. Marino, T. Yao, R. C. Larock, Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 763-766. c) Cyclization of Carbonyl Groups onto Alkynes upon Reaction with IPy_2BF4 and Their Trapping with Nucleophiles: A Versatile Trigger for Assembling Oxygen Heterocycles; J. Barluenga, H.Vazquez-Villa, A. Ballesteros, J. M. Gonzalez, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9028-9029. d) Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones; D. Yue, C. N. Delia, R. C. Larock, Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 1581-1584. e) Electrophilic Cyclization of o-Acetoxy- and o-Benzyloxyalkynylpyridines: An Easy Entry into 2,3-Disubstituted Furopyridines; A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, S. D. Giuseppe, G Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 2409-2412. (f) Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N, iV-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines; D. Yue, R. C. Larock, Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 1037-1040. g) IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes: Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores J. Barluenga, M. Trincado, E. Rubio, J. M. Gonzalez, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 2406-2409. h) Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Isoindolin-1-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization; T. Yao, R. C. Larock, J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 1432-1437. i) D. W. Knight, A. L. Redfern, J. J. Gilmore, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.l 2002, 622-628. j) Mercuric Triflate-(TMU)_3-Catalyzed Cyclization of ω-Arylalkyne Leading to Dihydronaphthalenes; M. Nishizawa, H. Takao, V. K. Yadav, H. Imagawa, T. Sugihara, Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 4563-4565.
[16] a) A facile synthesis of highly functionalized dihydrofurans based on 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) catalyzed reaction of halides with enones; Z. J.Yang, M. J. Fan, R.Z. Mu, W. M. Liu, Y. M. Liang, Tetrahedron, 2005, 61(38), 9140-9146. b) DABCO-Catalyzed Reaction of α-Halo Carbonyl Compounds with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate: A Novel Method for the Preparation of Polysubstituted Furans and Highly Functionalized 2H-Pyrans；M．J．Fan，Z．Y．Yan，W．M Liu，and Y．M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2005，70(20)，8204-8207．
[17]Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted Furans by a Three-Component Annulation Reaction；X．H．Duan，X．Y．Liu，L．N．Guo，M．C．Liao，W M．Liu，Y．M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2005，70(17)，6980-6983．
[18]a)A novel synthesis of furans by base-catalyzed isomerization of alkynyloxiranes；J．A．Marshall，W．DuBay，J．J．Org．Chem．1991，56，1685-1687．b)Base-catalyzed isomerization of alkynyloxiranes．A general synthesis of furans；J．A．Marshall，W．J．DuBay，J．Am．Chem．Soc．1992，114，1450-1456．c)Gold Catalysis：Mild Conditions for the Transformation ofAlkynyl Epoxides to Furans；A．S．K．Hashmi，P．Sinha，Adv．Synth．Catal．2004，346，432-438．
[19]a)Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organoboron Compounds；N．Miyaura，A．Suzuki，Chem．Rev．1995，95，2457-2483．
[20]a)A Facile Zr-Mediated Approach to (Z)-Enynols and Its Application to Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Fully Substituted Dihydrofurans；Y．H．Liu，F．J．Song，L．Q．Cong，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，6999-7002．b)5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of α-Alkynyl Carbonyl Compounds： Synthesis of Novel Bicyclic 5-Iodo- and 5-Bromofuranopyrimidine Nucleosides；M．S．Rao，N．Esho，C．Sergeant，R．Dembinski，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，6788-6790．
[21]a)Me_2Zn-Mediated Addition of Acetylenes to Aldehydes and Ketones；P．G. Cozzi，J Rudolph，C．Bolm，P．O．Norrby，C．Tomasini，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，5733- 5736．b)Organocatalytic Alkynylation of Aldehydes and Ketones under Phase-Transfer Catalytic Conditions； T．Weil，P．R．Schreiner，Eur．J．Org．Chem．2005，2213-2217．
[22] A Short Synthetic Route to (+)-Austamide，(+)-Deoxyisoaustamide， and (+)-Hydratoaustamide from a Common Precursor by a Novel Palladium-Mediated Indole→Dihydroindoloazocine Cyclization； P．S．Baran，E．J．Corey，J．Am．Chem．Soc．2002，124，7904-7905．
[23]Gold Catalysis：Mild Conditions for the Transformation of Alkynyl Epoxides to Furans； A．S．K．Hashmi，P．Sinha，Adv．Synth．Catal．2004，346，432-438．
[1](a)Total synthesis of daurichromenic acid；Ying，K．PCT Int．Appl．WO 2004058738，2004．(b)Structures and Histamine Release Inhibitory Effects of Prenylated Orcinol Derivatives from Rhododendron dauricum; Kitanaka, S. J. Nat. Prod. 2004, 67, 1106. (c) A Modular and Concise Total Synthesis of (±)-Daurichromenic Acid and Analogues;Wilson, P. D. J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 3782.
[2] Derivatives of 3,4-Diphenylchromanes as Estrogens and Implantation Inhibitors; De Stevens, G. J. Med. Chem. 1966, 9, 516.
[3] Synthesis of 2H-1-Benzopyrans by Pd-Catalyzed Cyclization of o-Allylic Phenols; Larock, R. C.; Wei, L.; Hightower, T. R. Synlett 1998, 522.
[4] Pt (Ⅳ)-catalyzed cyclization of arene-alkyne substrates via C-H bond functionalization; Sames, D. Tetrahedron 2003,59, 8859.
[5] A Rh(Ⅰ)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Homo- and Bis-homopropargylic Alcohols; B. M. Trost, and Y. H. Rhee; J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2003, 125 (25), 7482-7483·
[6] DABCO-Catalyzed Reaction of r-Halo Carbonyl Compounds with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate: A Novel Method for the Preparation of Polysubstituted Furans and Highly Functionalized 2H-Pyrans; Y. M. Liang, J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 8204-8207
[7] Efficient Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 5-Alkyl(aryl)idene- and 5-[Iodoalkyl(aryl)idene]-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization; M. Abarbri. Synthesis, 2009, 257-270.
[8] (a) Strategy and Methodology Development for the Total Synthesis of Polyether Ionophore Antibiotics; Faul, M. M.; Huff, B. E. Chem. Rev. 2000,100, 2407-2473.
[9] (a) Synthesis of C-Aryl Glycosides; Knapp, S. Synthesis 1994, 1-20. (b) Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Trisubstituted Tetrahydropyrans; Cloninger, M. J.; Overman, L. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999,121, 1092-1093. (c) Stereoselective Synthesis of Functonalized Dihydropyrans via a Formal [4+2]-Annulation of Chiral Crotylsilanes; Huang, H.; Panek, J. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000,122, 9836-9837. (d) A Synthesis of Densely Functionalized 2,3-Dihydropyrans Using Ring-Closing Metathesis and Base-Induced Rearrangements of Dihydropyran Oxides; Schmidt, B.; Wildemann, H. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 3145-3163. (e) Stereoselective Organozinc Addition Reactions to 1,2-Dihydropyrans for the Assembly of Complex Pyran Structures; Steinhuebel, D. P., Fleming, J. J. and Bois J. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 293-295.
[10] (a) A New Synthesis of 7H-Pyrrolo[l,2-α]azepin-7-ones; Barreau, M.; Ponsinet, G. Synthesis 1987, 262-265. (b) Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of N-(2-Alkynyl)anilines; Zhang, X., Campo, M. A. Yao, T. and Larock R. C. Org．Lett．2005，7，763-766．(c)Mercuric Triflate-(TMU)3-Catalyzed Cyclization of ω-rylalkyne Leading to Dihydronaphthalenes；Nishizawa，M．；Takao，H．；Yadav，V．K．；Imagawa，H．；Sugihara，T．Org．Lett．2003，5，4563-4565．
[11]a) Stereoselective synthesis and conformational analysis of cis-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-azabicyclo[3．3．0]octan-6-ones；Larock， R． C．； Yue，D．Tetrahedron Lett．2001， 42， 6011-6013． (b)Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes；Yue，D．；Larock，R．C．J．Org．Chem．2002，67，1905-1909．(c)A Novel Palladium-Mediated Coupling Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes and Its Application to the Synthesis of Tubulin Binding Agents；Flynn，B．L．；Verdier-Pinard，P．；Hamel，E．Org．Lett．2001，3，651-654．
[12]A New Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]furans from o-Alkynylphenols via 5-endo-dig-Iodocyclisation/Palladium-Catalysed Reactions；Arcadi，A．；Cacchi，S．；Fabrizi，G；Marinelli，F．；Moro，L．Synlett 1999，1432-1434．
[13] Studies on Nonconventionally Fused Bicyclicβ-Lactams；Ren，X．-F．；Konaklieva，M．I．；Shi，H．；Dickey，S．；Lim，D．V．；Gonzalez，J．；Turos，E．J．Org．Chem．1998，63，8898-8917．
[14] Synthesis of Nonracemicβ-Hydroxy Ketones and Carbonate Derivatives from Homopropargylic Alcohols through Iodolactonization；Marshall，J．A．；Yanik，M．M．J．Org．Chem．1999，64，3798-3799．
[15] (a)A brief synthesis of β-iodofurans；Bew，S．P．；Knight，D．W．J．Chem．Soc．，Chem．Commun．1996，1007-1008．(b)Furo[3，4-bjfuran formations from alkynols of xylose；Djuardi，E．；McNelis，E．Tetrahedron Lett．1999，40，7193-7196．
[16]Electrophilic Cyclization of o-Acetoxy- and o-Benzyloxyalkynylpyridines：An Easy Entry into 2，3-Disubstituted Furopyridines；Arcadi，A．；Cacchi，S．；Di Giuseppe，S．；Fabrizi，G；Marinelli，F．Org．Lett．2002，4，2409-2412．
[17](a)IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes：Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores；Barluenga，J．；Trincado，M．；Rublio，E．；Gonzalez，J．M．Angew．Chem．，Int．Ed．2003，42，2406-2409．(b)A simple，two-step synthesis of 3-iodoindoles； Muhammad，A．；Knight，D．W．Tetrahedron Lett．2004，45，539-542． (c) Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N，N-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines；Yue，D．；Larock，R．C．Org．Lett．2004，6，1037-1040．
[18] (a) Cyclization of Carbonyl Groups onto Alkynes upon Reaction with and Their Trapping with Nucleophiles: A Versatile Trigger for Assembling Oxygen Heterocycles; Barluenga, J.; Vazque-Villa, H.; Ballesteros, A.; Gonzalez, J. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9028-9029. (b) Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones;Yue, D.; Delia Ca, N.; Larock, R. C. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 1581-1584.
[19] (a) Synthesis of isocoumarins and a-pyrones via iodocyclization; Yao, T.; Larock, R. C. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 7401-7404. (b) Synthesis of Isocoumarins and α-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization; Yao, T.; Larock, R. C. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 5936-5942.
[20] Synthesis of Isoxazoles via Electrophilic Cyclization; Waldo, J. P.; Larock, R. C.Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 5203-5205.
[21] Gold Catalysis: Mild Conditions for the Synthesis of Oxazoles from N-Propargylcarboxamides and Mechanistic Aspects; Hashmi, A. S. K., Weyrauch, J. P., Frey, W. and Bats, J. W. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 4391-4394.
[22] Regioselective Synthesis of Substituted Naphthalenes: A Novel de Novo Approach Based on a Metal-Free Protocol for Stepwise Cycloaddition of o-Alkynylbenzaldehyde Derivatives with Either Alkynes or Alkenes; Barluenga, J.; Vazquez-Villa, H.; Ballesteros, A.; Gonzalez, J. M. Org. Lett. 2003, 5,4121-4123.
[23] (a) Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Iodides via ICl-Induced Intramolecular Cyclization; Yao, T.; Campo, M. A.; Larock, R. C. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 2677. (b) Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatics and Heteroaromatics via Electrophilic Cyclization; Yao, T.; Campo, M. A.; Larock, R. C. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 3511-3517.
[24] (a) IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes: Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores; Barluenga, J.; Trincado, M.; Rubio, E.; Gonzalez, J. M. Angew. Chem., Lnt. Ed 2003, 42, 2406-2409.
[25] Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of 3-Iodochromones and Heteroatom Analogues via ICl-Induced Cyclization; Zhou, C, Dubrovsky, A. V. and Larock, R. C. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 1626-1632.
[26] The atomic coordinates for la have been deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (deposition number CCDC 710206). The coordinates can be obtained on request from the Director Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK; e-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk; fax: +44(1223) 336033．
[27]Synthesis of ethyl quininate；Campbell，K．N．，Tipson，R．S．，Elderfield R．C．，Campbell，B．K．，Clapp，M．A．，Gensler，W．J．，Morrison，D．，Moran，W．J．J. Org．Chem．，1946，11，803-811．
[28](a)Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridin-2(1H)-ones via the Vilsmeier-Haack Reaction of 1-Acetyl，1-Carbamoyl Cyclopropanes；Pan，W．，Dong，D．W．，Wang，K．W．，Zhang，J．，Rigenhada，W．，Xiang，D．X．，Liu，Q．Org．Lett．2007，9，2421-2423．(b)Domino Ring-Opening/Recyclization Reactions of Doubly Activated Cyclopropanes as a Strategy for the Synthesis of Furoquinoline Derivatives；Zhang，Z．G．，Zhang，Q．，Sun，S．G.，Xiong，T．，Liu，Q．Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2007，46，1726-1728．
[1]For representative examples，reductive cyclization：(a)Rhodium-Catalyzed Reductive Cyclization of 1，6-Diynes and 1，6-Enynes Mediated by Hydrogen：Catalytic C-C Bind Formation via Capture of Hydrogenation Intermediates；(a)H．-Y，Jang and M．J．Krische，J Am．Chem．Soc，2004，126，7875．(b)Cyclizations of Enynes Catalyzed by PtCl or Other Transition Metal Chlorides；Divergent Reaction Pathways；A．M．Echavarren，J．Am． Chem． Soc． 2001， 123 (43) 10511-10520． (c) Ruthenium-Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of 1，6- and 1，7-Enynes；B．M．Toste，J Am．Chem．Soc．2000，123 (4)714-715．(d)Highly Enantioselective Quinoline Synthesis via Ene-type Cyclization of 1．7-Enynes Catalyzed by a Cationic BINAP- Palladium(Ⅱ)Complex；Manabu Hatano and Koichi Mikami, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125 (16) 4704-4705. (e) A Titanocene-Catalyzed Intramolecular Ene Reaction; Cycloisomerization of Enynes and Dienynes; S. L. Buchwald. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121 1976-1977.(f) Reaction of Allylsilanes with Alkynes Catalyzed by Electrophilic Late Transition Metal Chlorides; A. M. Echavarren, J. Org. Chem, 2002 67 (15), 5197-5201.(g) Intramolecular Pauson-Khand Reactions of Unsaturated Esters and Related Electron-Deficient Olefins; J. C. Carretero, J. Org. Chem, 2003 68 (7), 2975-2978.(h) Cationic Gold(Ⅰ) Complexes: Highly Alkynophilic Catalysts for the exo- and endo-Cyclization of Enynes; A. M. Echavarren, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 2402-2406.(i) Siloxyalkyne-Alkene Metathesis: Rapid Access to Highly Functionalized Enones; S. A. Kozmin, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 4274-4277.(j) Aqueous Catalytic Pauson-Khand-Type Reactions of Enynes with Formaldehyde: Transfer Carbonylation Involving an Aqueous Decarbonylation and a Micellar Carbonylation; K. Kakiuchi, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2003, 42,2409-2411.
[2] Novel [2 + 2 + 2+1] Cycloaddition of Enediynes Catalyzed by Rhodium Complexes; Ⅰ. Ojima, Org. Lett., 2004, 6, 3589-3591.
[3] (a)Rhodium(Ⅰ)-Catalyzed [2+2+1] Cycloadditions of 1,3-Dienes, Alkenes, and CO; N.M. Deschamps, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2004,126 (19), 5948-5949. (b) Three-Component Cycloadditions: The First Transition Metal-Catalyzed [5+2+1] Cycloaddition Reactions; L. Zhang, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2002, 124 (12), 2876-2877. (c) Intermolecular Transition Metal-Catalyzed [4 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions: A New Approach to the Construction of Eight-Membered Rings; A. N. Fazal, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2002, 124 (30), 8782-8783. (d) Rhodium Catalyzed [4 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition and Alkyne Insertion: A New Route to Eight-Membered Rings; B. DeBoef, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2002, 124 (30), 8784-8785.
[4] (a) Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Cycloreductions of 1,6- and 1,7-Enynes Activated with a Carbonyl Functionality; C.H. Oh, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 752-755.(b) A short synthesis of (±)-laurene: mechanistic reinvestigation in palladium-catalyzed cycloreductions of 1,6-enynes; C.H.Oh, Tetrahedron Lett 2000 41 8365-8369.(c) Palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization-coupling reactions of 2-bromo-1,6-enynes with organoboronic acids; C. H. Oh, Tetrahedron Lett 2003 44 267-270.(d) Reductive Elimination of Alkylpalladium Formate Intermediates Formed in Enyne Cyclizations；C．H．Oh，Tetrahedron Lett 1999 40 1535-1538．
[5] Rhodium-catalyzed tandem cyclization-cycloaddition reactions of enynebenzaldehydes：construction of polycyclic ring systems；C．H．Oh，Chem．Commun．，2005，4429-431．
[6](a)AuBr3-Catalyzed[4+2]Benzannulation between an Enynal Unit and Enol；Y．Yamamoto，J. Am．Chem．Soc．，2004，126 (24)，7458-7459．(b)Highly Selective Gold-Catalyzed Arene Synthesis；J．W．Bats，J．Am．Chem．Soc．，2000，122 (46)，11553-11554，(c)Transition-metal-promoted 6-endo-dig cyclization of aromatic enynes：rapid synthesis of functionalized naphthalenes，J．W．Dankwardt，Tetrahedron Lett 2001 42 5809-5812．(d)AuBr3-and Cu(OTf)2-Catalyzed Intramolecular[4+2]Cycloaddition of Tethered Alkynyl and Alkenyl Enynones and Enynals：A New Synthetic Method for Functionalized Polycyclic Hydrocarbons；Y．Yamamoto．J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (9)，3682-3685．
[7] Synthesis of Azaphilones and Related Molecules by Employing Cycloisomerization of o-Alkynylbenzaldehydes；J．L．Zhu，A．R．Germain，J．A．Porco，Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2004，43，1239 -1239．
[8]A Gold-Catalyzed Domino Process to the Steroid Framework；D．Hildebrandt，and G. Dyker，J．Org．Chem．，2006，71 (18)，6728-6733．
[9](a)Transition Metal Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations；Trost，Synlett 1998 1-16，(b)Total Synthesis of (±)-Ceratopicanol： Application of Pd-Catalyzed Enediyne Cycloreduction；C．H．Oh，Synlett 2005 2694-2696，(c)Cycloreductions via Alkylpalladium Intermediates：An Important Mechanistic Clue for Palladium-Catalyzed Enediyne Cyclizations；C．H．Oh，Terrahedron Lett，1996，37，8875-8878，(d)Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Cycloreductions of 1，6- and 1，7-Enynes Activated with a Carbonyl Functionality；C．H．Oh，H．H．Jung，J．S．Kim，and S．W．Cho，Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2000，39，752-755，(e)Tsuji，J．Palladium Reagents and Catalysis：InnoVations in Organic Synthesis；John Wiley：Chichester，1995．(f)Soderberg，B．C．In ComprehensiVe Organometallic Chemistry Ⅱ；Abel，E．W．，Stone，F．G. A．，Wilkinson，G.，Eds．；Pergamon：Oxford，1995；Vol．12．(g)Heck，R．F．Palladium reagents in Organic Synthesis；Academic Press：New York，1985．(h)Suzuki，A．Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions；Diederich，F．，Stang，P．J．，Eds．；VCH：Weinheim，1988．
[10]Intramolecular Huisgen-Type Cyclization of Platinum-Bound Pyrylium Ions with Alkenes and Subsequent Insertion into a Benzylic C-H Bond；C．H．Oh，J．H．Lee，S．J．Lee，J．I．Kim，and C．S．Hong，Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2008，47，7505-7507．
[11]Divergent Insertion Reactions of Pt-Carbenes Generated from[3+2]Cyclization of Platinum-Bound Pyrylliums；C．H．Oh，J．H．Lee，S．M．Lee， H．J．Yi，and C．S．Hong，Chem．Eur．J．2009，15，71-74．
[12]a)Synthesis of benzo[b]thiophenes by electrophilic cyclization；R．C．Larock，Tetrahedron Lett． 2001， 42， 6011-6013； b) Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes；R．C．Larock，J. Org．Chem．2002，67，1905-1909；c)A Novel Palladium-Mediated Coupling Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes and Its Application to the Synthesis of Tubulin Binding Agents；B．L．Flynn，Org．Lett．2001，3，651-654．
[13]A New Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]furans from o-Alkynylphenols via 5-endo-dig-Iodocyclisation/Palladium-Catalysed Reactions； L．Moro， Synlett 1999，1432-1434．
[14]a)A Novel Palladium-Mediated Coupling Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes and Its Application to the Synthesis of Tubulin Binding Agents；B．L．Flynn，Org Lett．2001，3，651-654；b)Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes；R．C．Larock，J. Org．Chem．2002，67，1905-1909；c)Iodine-Induced Reaction Cascades for the Rapid Construction of Variously Substituted Benzothiophenes；B．L．Flynn，Org．Lett．2003，5，4377-4380．
[15]a)5-endo-dig Cyclisations of homopropargylic sulfonamides：a new route to 2，3-dihydropyrroles and β-iodopyrroles；D．W．Knight，J．Chem．Soc．，Chem．Commun．1998，2207-2208；b)The synthesis of 5-substituted proline derivatives and of 5-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxylates by 5-endo cyclisations featuring a method for effectively favouring these with respect to 5-exo cyclisations；D．W．Knight， J．Chem．Soc．，Perkin Trans．1 2001，2874-2883；c)An approach to 2，3-dihydropyrroles and β-iodopyrroles based on 5-endo-dig cyclisations；D．W．Knight，A．L Redfern，J．Gilmore，J．Chem．Soc．，Perkin Trans．12002，622-628．
[16]a)A brief synthesis of β-iodofurans；D．W．Knight，J．Chem．Soc．，Chem．Commun．1996，1007-1008；b)Furo[3，4-b]furan formations from alkynols of xylose；E．McNelis， Tetrahedron Lett．1999，40，7193-7196；c)5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of 1，4-Disubstituted But-3-yn-1-ones：Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 2，5-Disubstituted 3-Bromo-and 3-Iodofurans；R．Dembinski，Org．Lett．2005，7，1769-1772；d)Synthesis of Highly Substituted Furans by the Electrophile-Induced Coupling of 2-(1-Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones and Nucleophiles；R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，7679-7685；e)Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-(1-Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones Using the I2/K3PO4 System：An Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Iodofurans；S．Zhou，Org．Lett．2005，7，4609-4611；f)Efficient Synthesis of Substituted 3-lodofurans via Electrophilic Cyclization of Propargylic Oxirane Derivatives；Y．-M．Liang，Eur．J. Org．Chem．2008，1013-1018．
[17]a)IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes：Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores；J．M．Gonzalez，Angew．Chem．，Int．Ed．2003，42，2406-2409；b)A simple，two-step synthesis of 3-iodoindoles；D．W．Knight，Tetrahedron Lett．2004，45，539-542；c)Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N，N-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines；R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2004，6，1037-1040．
[18]a)Cyclization of Carbonyl Groups onto Alkynes upon Reaction with IPy2BF4 and Their Trapping with Nucleophiles： A Versatile Trigger for Assembling Oxygen Heterocycles；J．M．Gonzalez，J. Am．Chem．Soc．2003，125，9028-9029；b)Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones；R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2004，6，1581-1584．
[19]a)Synthesis of isocoumarins and α-pyrones via iodocyclization； T．Yao，R．C．Larock，Tetrahedron Lett．2002，43，7401-7404；b)Synthesis of Isocoumarins and α-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization；R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，5936-5942；c) The identity of 4-bromo-3-phenylisocoumarin． A facile preparation by bromolactonization of alkyl 2-(2-phenylethynyl)benzoates；R．D．Gandour，J．Org．Chem．1984，49，558-559；d)New procedures for the selective synthesis of 2(2H)-pyranone derivatives and 3-aryl-4-iodoisocoumarins；R．Rossi，Tetrahedron 2002，58，5023-5038；e)Synthesis of 3-arylisocoumarins，including thunberginols A and B，unsymmetrical 3，4-disubstituted isocoumarins，and 3 -ylidenephthal ides via iodolactonization of methyl 2-ynylbenzoates or the corresponding carboxylic acids；R．Rossi，A．Carpita，F．Bellina，P．Stabile，L．Mannina，Tetrahedron 2003，59，2067-2081．
[20]a)Synthesis of Isoquinolines and Naphthyridines by Electrophilic Ring Closure of Iminoalkynes；R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2001，3，2973-2976；b)Synthesis of Substituted Isoquinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of Iminoalkynes；R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．2002，67，3437-3444；c)Iodine-Induced Stereoselective Carbocyclizations：A New Method for the Synthesis of Cyclohexane and Cyclohexene Derivatives；G．Asensio，Angew．Chem．，Int．Ed．Engl．1988，27，1546-1547．
[21]Synthesis of Isoxazoles via Electrophilic CyclizationJ．R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2005，7，5203-5205．
[22] Gold Catalysis： Mild Conditions for the Synthesis of Oxazoles from N-Propargylcarboxamides and Mechanistic AspectsA．S．K．Hashmi，Org．Lett．2004，6，4391-4394．
[23] a) Rhodium-catalyzed tandem cyclization-cycloaddition reactions of enynebenzaldehydes：construction of polycyclic ring systems；C．H．Oh，Chem．Commun．2005，4429-4431；b)A platinum-catalyzed annulation reaction leading to medium-sized Rings； G．． Dyker， Chem． Commun． 2006， 2260-2261． c) Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of o-Alkynylbenzaldehydes with a Pendant Unsaturated Bond：[3+2]Cycloaddition of Gold-Bound 1，3-Dipolar Species with Dipolarophiles；C．H．Oh，Org．Lett．2005，7，5289-5291．
[24]a)Au-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/[1，2]-Alkyl Migration Reaction of Epoxy Alkynes：Synthesis of Spiropyranones；X．-Z．Shu，Y．-M．Liang，Chem．Eur．J．2008，14，5282-5289；b)Synthesis of Difurylmethane Derivatives via the Gold-Catalyzed Tandem Cycloisomerization/Dimerization of Epoxide Alkynes； K．-G．Ji，Y．-M．Liang，Adv．Synth．Catal．2008，350，1275-1280；c)Copper-Catalyzed[4+1]Cycloadditions of α，β-Acetylenic Ketones with Diazoacetates to Form Trisubstituted Furans；L．-B．Zhao，Y．-M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2007，72，10276-10278；d)Gold-Catalyzed Tandem Cycloisomerization of Alkynyloxiranes with Nucleophiles：An Efficient Approach to 2，5-Disubstituted Furans；X．-Z．Shu，Y．-M．Liang，Adv．Synth．Catal．2007，349，2493-2498；e)Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted Furans by a Three-Component Annulation Reaction；X．Duan，Y．M Liang，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，6980-6983；f)Synthesis of Isoquinoline Derivatives via Ag- Catalyzed Cyclization of 2-Alkynyl Benzyl AzidesY．-N．Niu，Y．-M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2009，7，2893-2896．
[2]Unusual Iodine Catalyzed Lactonization of y-Methyl-y，&pentenoic Acids：A Facile Synthesis of y，y-Dimethyl-)cbutyrolactones；K．M．Kim and E．K．Ryu，Tetrahedron Lett，1996，37，1441．
[3]a)A Novel C_2-Symmetric 2，6-Diallylpiperidine Carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester as a Promising Chiral Building Block for Piperidine-Related Alkaloids；H．Takahata，H．Ouchi，M．Ichinose，and H．Nemoto，Org．Lett．，2002，4 (20)，pp3459-3462．b) An Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of 4，5-trans-1，5-cis-3-Oxabicyclo[3．1．0]hexan-2-ones via the Iodolactonization of Alkylidenecyclopropyl Esters；S．M．Ma and L．H．Lu，J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (19)，pp 7629-7633．
[4]a)Epoxidation of olefins catalyzed by manganese(Ⅲ)porphyrin in a room temperature ionic liquid；Z．Li and C．G．Xia，Tetrahedron Lett，44 (2003)2069-2071．b)Synthesis of Isocoumarins and α-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization；T．L．Yao and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2003，68，5936-5942．
[5]Asymmetric Induction of the Iodolactonization Reaction of α-Sulfurated γ-Unsaturated Amides；V．Blot，V．Reboul，and P．Metzner．J．Org．Chem．，2004，69 (4)，pp 1196-1201．
[6] Iodo-cyclization of N-Homoallyl Thioamides Leading to 2，4-Diaryl-5，6-dihydro-4H-1，3-thiazines；Murai T；Niwa，H．；Kimura，T．；Chem．Lett．2004，33，508-509．
[7]Predictive models for the overall 5-endo-trig iodocyclisation of homoallylic alcohols；．J．．M．Barks and D．W．Knight，C．J．Seaman and G．G．Weingarten，Tetrahedron lett．1993，35，7259-7262．．
[8]A stereocontrolled synthesis of anti-2，5-disubstituted tetrahydrofurans；S．H．Kang，and S．B．Lee，Tetrahedron lett．1993，34，1955．
[9]a)Donor-substituted furans and 1，2-bis(trifluoromethyl)ethylene-1，2-dicarbonitrile：A novel rearrangement and its steric course；G．U．Desmaison，G．Mloston and R．Huisgen，Tetrahedron lett．1994，35．4977-4980．b)Diastereoselective synthesis of 4，5-dihydrofurans by iodoenolcyclisation of 2-allyl-1，3-dicarbonyl compounds；R．Antonioletti，S．Malancona and P．Bovicelli，Tetrahedron．2002，43，8825-8831．c)Synthesis of Cyclic Enol Ethers from Alkenyl-β-dicarbonyl Compounds Helena M．C．Ferraz，Myrian K．Sano，Marta R．S．Nunes，and Graziela G．Bianco，J．Org．Chem．，2002，67 (12)，pp 4122-4126．d)Iodoenolcyclisation of 2-(1，3-disubstituted-1-allyl)-1，3-dicarbonyl compounds：diastereoselective synthesis of tetrasubstituted dihydrofurans；R．Antonioletti，S．Malancona，F．Cattaruzza and P．Bovicelli，Tetrahedron．2003，59．1673-1678．
[10]Iodocyclization Reactions for the Desymmetrization of Cyclohexa-1，4-dienes；M．Butters，M．C．Elliott，J．Hill-Cousins，J．S．Paine，and J．K．E．Walker，Org．Lett．，2007，9 (18)，pp 3635-3638
[11]Electrophile-induced domino cyclization reaction for the synthesis of 2，2a，10，11 -tetrahydrofuro[20，40：4，6]pyrano[2，3-b]quinolines；B．Singh，A．Chandra，S．Upadhyay，R．M．Singh，M．C．Puerta b，P．Valerga，Tetrahedron Lett 49 (2008)6423-6425．
[12]Efficient Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 5-Alkyl(aryl)idene- and 5-[Iodoalkyl(aryl)idene]-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization；K．Cherry，A．Duchene，J．Thibonnet，J．Parrain，E．Anselmi，M．Abarbri，Synthesis 2009：257-270
[13]a)A new，highly stereoselective approach to pyrrolidines via overall 5-endo-trig cyclisations of homoallylic tosylamides；A．D．Jones and D．W．Knight，Chem．Commun．，1996，915-916．b)A stereochemically flexible approach to pyrrolidines based on 5-endo-trig iodocyclisations of homoallylic sulfonamides；A．D．Jones，D．W．Knight and D．E．Hibbs，J．Chem．Soc．，Perkin Trans．1，2001，1182-1203．c)The synthesis of 5-substituted proline derivatives and of 5-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxylates by 5-endo cyclisations featuring a method for effectively favouring these with respect to 5-exo cyclisations; D. W. Knight, A. L. Redfern and J. Gilmore, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2001,2874-2883.
[14] A Noncarbohydrate Based Approach to Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidizines: Total Syntheses of the Natural Products Hyacinthacine A_1 and 1-Epiaustraline; T. J. Donohoe, H. O. Sintim,and J. Hollinshead, J. Org. Chem., 2005, 70 (18), pp 7297-7304.
[15] Asymmetric Synthesis of trans-2,5-Disubstituted Pyrrolidines from Enantiopure Homoallylic Amines. Synthesis of Pyrrolidine ㈠-197B; F. A. Davis, M. Song, and A. Augustine, J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71 (7), pp 2779-2786
[16] Iodine-mediated Ring Closing Alkene Iodoamination with N-Debenzylation for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidines; S. G. Davies, R. L. Nicholson, P. D. Price, P. M. Roberts, A. D. Smith, Synlett 2004: 0901-0903。
[17] New Insights into NIS-Promoted Aminocyclization. Synthesis of Decahydroquinolines from 2-Allylcyclohexylamines; F. Diaba,E. Ricou, and J. Bonjoch, Org. Lett., 2007, 9 (14), pp 2633-2636
[18] Planar Chirality: Synthesis and Transannular Reactions of Unsaturated Optically Active Azoninones Bearing E-Olefins; A. Sudau, W. Munch, and U. Nubbemeyer, J. Org. Chem., 2000, 65 (6), pp 1710-1720
[19] Ionic iodocarbocyclization reaction; O. Kitagawa, T. Inoue and T. Taguchi, Tetrahedron Lett 49 (2008) 2167-2170.
[20] a)Selective synthesis of natural and unnatural 5,6-disubstituted 2(2H)-pyranones via iodolactonization of 5-substituted (2)-2-en-4-ynoic acids; F. Bellina, M. Biagetti, A. Carpita and R. Rossi, Tetrahedront 57 (2001) 2857-2870. b) New procedures for the selective synthesis of 2(2H)-pyranone derivatives and 3-aryl-4-iodoisocoumarins; M. Biagetti, F. Bellina, A. Carpita, P. Stabile and R. Rossi, Tetrahedront 58 (2002) 2857-2870.
[21] Synthesis of 3-arylisocoumarins, including thunberginols A and B, unsymmetrical 3,4-disubstituted isocoumarins, and 3-ylidenephthalides via iodolactonization of methyl 2-ynylbenzoates or the corresponding carboxylic acids; R. Rossi, A. Carpita, F. Bellina, P. Stabile and L. Mannina, Tetrahedront 59 (2003) 2067-2081.
[22] Synthesis of Isocoumarins and a-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization; T. L. Yao and R. C. Larock, J. Org. Chem., 2003, 68 (15), pp 5936-5942.
[23] Synthesis of Phosphaisocoumarins via Iodocyclization; A. Y. Peng and Y. X. Ding, Org．Lett．，2004，6 (7)，pp 1119-1121．
[24]Synthesis of 2(3H)-Furanones via Electrophilic Cyclization；Z．W．Just，and R．C Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2008，73 (7)，2662-2667·
[25]Synthesis of Polysubstituted 3-Iodopyrans by Electrophilic Cyclization；Y．X．Xie，Z．Y．Yan，D．Z．Wang，L．Y．Wu，B．Qian，X．Y．Liu，and Y．M．Liang，Eur．J．Org．Chem．2009，2283-2288
[26]Expedient Syntheses of β-Iodofurans by 5-endo-dig Cyclisations；S．P．Bew，G．M．El-Taeb，S．Jones，D．W．Knight，and W．F．Tan，Eur．J．Org．Chem．2007，5759-5770
[27]5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of 1，4-Disubstituted But-3-yn-1-ones：Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 2，5-Disubstituted 3-Bromo- and 3-Iodofurans；A．Sniady，K A．Wheeler，and R．Dembinski，Org．Lett．，2005，7 (9)，1769-1772·
[28]Efficient Synthesis of Substituted 3-Iodofurans by Electrophilic Cyclization of Propargylic Oxirane Derivatives；Y．X．Xie，X．Y．Liu，L．Y．Wu，Y．Han， L．B．Zhao，M．J．Fan，and Y．M．Liang．Eur．J．Org．Chem．2008，1013-1018．
[29]Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-(1 -Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones Using the I_2/K_3PO_4 System：An Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Iodofurans；Y．H．Liu and S．L．Zhou，Org．Lett．，2005，7 (21)，pp 4609-4611
[30]An efficient synthesis of highly substituted furans via the electrophilic cyclization of 1-(1-alkynyl)-cyclopropyl ketones；X．Huang，W．J Fu and M．Z．Miao，Tetrahedron Lett 49 (2008)2359-2362．
[31]Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]furans by the Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling of o-Iodoanisoles and Terminal Alkynes，Followed by Electrophilic Cyclization；D．W Yue，T．L．Yao，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (25)，10292-10296·
[32]Synthesis of 2，4，5-Trisubstituted 3-Fluorofurans via Sequential Iodocyclization and Cross-Coupling of gem-Difluorohomopropargyl Alcohols；S．Arimitsu，J．M．Jacobsen，and G．B．Hammond，J. Org．Chem．，2008，73 (7)，pp 2886-2889
[33]Electrophilic Cyclization of o-Acetoxy- and o-Benzyloxyalkynylpyridines：An Easy Entry into 2，3-Disubstituted Furopyridines；A．Arcadi，S．Cacchi，S．D．Giuseppe，G．Fabrizi，and F．Marinelli，Org．Lett．，2002，4 (14)，pp 2409-2412
[34]A Synthetic Entry to Furo[2，3-b]pyridin-4(1H)-ones and Related Furoquinolinones via Iodocyclization；1．Aillaud，E．Bossharth，D．Conreaux，P．Desbordes，N． Monteiro，and G．Balme；Org．Lett．，2006，8 (6)，pp 1113-1116
[35]Competition Studies in Alkyne Electrophilic Cyclization Reactions； S．Mehta，J．P．Waldo，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2009，74 (3)，1141-1147．
[36] Synthesis of 4-Iodo-3-furanones Utilizing Electrophile-Induced Tandem Cyclization/1，2-Migration Reactions；B．Crone and S．F．Kirsch，J．Org．Chem．，2007，72 (14)，pp 5435-5438．
[37] Electrophile-Induced Cyclization/Migration Reaction for the Synthesis of 2，3-Dihydro-5-iodopyran-4-one；S．G．Wen，W．M．Liu and Y．M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．，2008，73 (11)，pp 4342-4344．
[38]Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones；D．W．Yue，N．D．C，and R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．，2004，6 (10)，1581-1584．
[39]Synthesis of Isoxazoles via Electrophilic Cyclization；J．P．Waldo，and R．C．Larock Org．Lett．，2005，7 (23)，5203-5205．
[40]Synthesis of Nonracemicβ-Hydroxy Ketones and Carbonate Derivatives from Homopropargylic Alcohols through lodolactonization．J．A．Marshall，and M．M．Yanik，J．Org．Chem．，1999，64 (11)，3798-3799．
[41]6-exo versus 7-endo iodolactonizations of 2-(alkynyl)phenylacetic acids；M．G．Ali Badry，B．Kariuki，D．W．Knight，and F．K．Mohammed．Tetrahedron Lett 50 (2009)1385-1388．
[42]A simple，two-step synthesis of 3-iodoindoles；M．Amjad and D．W．Knight．，Tetrahedron Lett 45 (2004)539-541．
[43]Synthesis of Substituted Isoquinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of Iminoalkynes；Q．H．Huang，J．A．Hunter，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2002，67 (10)，pp 3437-3444
[44]Solid-Phase Synthesis of 1，2，3-Trisubstituted Indoles and 2，3-Disubstituted Benzofurans via Iodocyclization；T．L．Yao，D．W．Yue，and R．C．Larock，J．Comb．Chem．，2005，7 (6)，809-812·
[45]Alternating lodonium-Mediated Reaction Cascades Giving Indole- And Quinoline-Containing Polycycles；R．Halim，P．J．Scammells and B．L．Flynn，Org．Lett．，2008，10 (10)，pp 1967-1970
[46]Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Isoindolin-1-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization；T．L．Yao and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (4)，pp 1432-1437．
[47] Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N，N-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines；D．W．Yue，and R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．，2004，6 (6)，1037-1040．
[48]A Novel Synthetic Route to 3-Sulfenyl- and 3-Selenylindoles by n-Bu4NI-Induced Electrophilic Cyclization；Y．Chen，C．H．Cho，and R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．，2009，11(1)，173-176．
[49]Iodine-Mediated Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-Alkynyl-1-methylene Azide Aromatics Leading to Highly Substituted Isoquinolines and Its Application to the Synthesis of Norchelerythrine；D．Fischer，H．Tomeba，N．K．Pahadi，N．T．Patil，Z．B．Huo，and Y．Yamamoto，J．Am．Chem．Soc．2008，130，15720-15725．
[51]Efficient Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 5-Alkyl(aryl)idene- and 5-[Iodoalkyl(aryl)idene]-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization；K．Cherry，M．Abarbri，Synthesis，2009，257-270．
[52]Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of 3-Iodochromones and Heteroatom Analogues via ICl-Induced Cyclization；C．X．Zhou，A．V．Dubrovsky，and R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．，2006，71 (4)，1626-1632
[53]Highly efficient electrophilic cyclization of N'-(2-alkynylbenzylidene)hydrazides；Q．P．Ding，Z．Y.Chen，X．X．Yu，Y.Y．Peng，and J．Wu，Tetrahedron Lett 2009，50，340-342．
[54]Iodine-mediated electrophilic cyclization of 2-alkynylbenzaldoximes leading to the formation of iodoisoquinoline N-oxides；Z．B．Huo，H．Tomeba，Y．Yamamoto，Tetrahedron Lett 2008，49，5531-5533．
[55]Expeditious synthesis of indolizine derivatives via iodine mediated 5-endo-dig cyclization；I．Kim，J．Choi，H．K．Won and G．H．Lee，Tetrahedron Lett 2007，48，6863-6867．
[56]Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Indolizinones via Iodocyclization and 1，2-Shift；J．Choi，G. H．Lee，I．Kim，synlett，2008，1243-1249．
[57]A general approach to polysubstituted pyrroles；D．W．Knight，H．C．Rost，C．M．Sharland and J．Singkhonrat，Tetrahedron Lett 2007，48，7906-7910．
[58]On the viability of 5-endo-dig cyclisations of O-propargylic hydroxylamine derivatives，leading to 2，5-dihydroisoxazoles (3-isoxazolines)；O．F．Foot，D．W．Knight， A. Cheng, L. L. Low and Y. F. Li, Tetrahedron Lett 2007,48,647-650
[59] Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatics and Heteroaromatics via Electrophilic Cyclization T. L. Yao, M. A. Campo, and R. C. Larock. J. Org. Chem., 2005, 70 (9), 3511-3517.
[60] Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of N-(2-Alkynyl)anilines X. X. Zhang, M. A. Campo, T. L. Yao, and R. C. Larock. Org. Lett., 2005, 7 (5), 763-766·
[61] Synthesis of Naphthalenes and 2-Naphthols by the Electrophilic Cyclization of Alkynes; X. X. Zhang, S. Sarkar, and R. C. Larock J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71 (1), 236-243.
[62] Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted 2H-Benzopyrans through C-C Bond Formation via Electrophilic Cyclization; S. A. Worlikar, T. Kesharwani, T. L. Yao, and R. C. Larock J. Org. Chem., 2007, 72 (4), 1347-1353·
[63] Selective Synthesis of Spiro[4,5]trienyl Acetates via an Intramolecular Electrophilic ipso-Iodocyclization Process; B. X. Tang, D. J. Tang, S. Tang, Q. F. Yu, Y. H. Zhang, Y. Liang, P. Zhong, and J. H. Li, Org. Lett., 2008,10 (6), 1063-1066.
[64] Electrophilic ipso-Iodocyclization of iV-(4-Methylphenyl)propiolamides: Selective Synthesis of 8-Methyleneazaspiro[4,5]trienes; Q. F. Yu, Y. H. Zhang, Q. Yin, B. X. Tang, R. Y. Tang, P. Zhong and J. H. Li, J. Org. Chem., 2008, 73 (9), pp 3658-3661, [65] Electrophilic ipso-Cyclization of N-(p-Methoxyaryl)propiolamides Involving an Electrophile-Exchange Process; B. X. Tang, Q. Yin, R. Y. Tang, and J. H. Li, J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 9008-9011
[66] Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Indene Derivatives via Electrophilic Cyclization; H. P. Bi, L. N. Guo, X. H. Duan, F. R Gou, S. H. Huang, X. Y. Liu, and Y. M. Liang. Org. Lett., 2007, 9 (3), 397-400
[67] Synthesis of Indene Derivatives via Electrophilic Cyclization; Z. A. Khan, and T. Wirth. Org. Lett., 2009,11(1), 229-231.
[68] Iodocarbocyclization Reaction of p-Ketoesters and Alkynes; J. Barluenga, D. Palomas, E. Rubio, and J. M. Gonzlez. Org. Lett., 2007, 9 (15), 2823-2826.
[69] Synthesis of 2, 3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes; D. W. Yue, and R. C. Larock. J. Org. Chem., 2002, 67(6), 1905-1909.
[70] Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]selenophenes via Electrophilic Cyclization. T．Kesharwani，S．A．Worlikar，and R．C．Larock．J．Org．Chem．，2006，71 (6)，2307-2312·
[1](a)Natural sesquiterpenoids；Fraga，B．M．Nat．Prod．Rep．1992，9，217．(b)Photochemical reactivity of 6alpha-hydroxy-7-keto neoclerodane diterpenoids； Merritt，A．T．；Ley，S．V．Nat．Prod．Rep．1992，9，243．(c)Dean，F．A．Naturally Occurring Oxygen Ring Compounds; Butterworth: London, 1963. (d) Natural Products Chemistry; Nakanishi, K., Goto, T., Ito, S., Natori, S., Nozoe, S., Eds.; Kodansha: Tokyo, 1974; Vols. 1-3. (e) Dean, F. M. In Advances in Heterocydic Chemistry; Katritzky, A. R., Ed., Academic Press: New York, 1983; Vol. 31, pp 237-344. (f) Sargent, M. V.; Dean, F. M. In Comprehensive Heterocydic Chemistry; Bird, C. W., Cheeseman, G. W. H., Eds.; Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1984; Vol.3, pp 599-656. (g) Five-membered heteroaromatic rings as intermediates in organic synthesis; Lipshutz, B. H. Chem. Rev. 1986, 86, 795.
[2] a) A. R. Katritsky, Advances in Heterocydic Chemistry; Academic Press: New York, 1982; b) M. V. Sargent, F. M. Dean, In Comprehensive Heterocydic Chemistry; (Eds: A. R. Katrizky, C. W. Rees,), Pergamon Press, New York, 1984; Vol. 4, 599-656; c) K. Nakanishi, Natural Products Chemistry; Kodansha: Tokyo, 1974; d) C. W. Bird, G. W. H. Cheeseman, Comprehensive Organic Chemistry; Pergamon: New York, 1984; e) G. Vernin, The Chemistry of Heterocydic Flavouring and Aroma Compounds; Ellis Harwood: Chichester, U.K., 1982. (e) Total syntheses of (+)-castanospermine and (+)-l-epicastanospermine and their 1-O-acyl derivatives from a common chiral building block; Paquette, L. A.; Astles, P. C. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 165. (f) Bis-heteroannulation. 16. A synthetic approach to geigerin; Jacobi, P. A.; Touchette, K. M; Selnick, H. G. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 6305. (g) Total synthesis of furanocembranolides. 1. Stereocontrolled preparation of key heterocydic building blocks and assembly of a complete seco-pseudopterane framework; Paquette, L. A.; Doherty, A. M.; Rayner, C. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 3910. (h) The furan approach to oxygenated natural products. Total synthesis of (+)-KDO; Martin, S. F.; Zinke, P. W. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 6600. (e) Furans in synthesis. 11. Total syntheses of (.+-.)- and (-)-fastigilin C; Tanis, S. P.; Robinson, E. D.; McMills, M. C; Watt, W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992,114, 8349.
[3] 2,3,4- or 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Furans: Catalyst-Controlled Highly Regioselective Ring-Opening Cycloisomerization Reaction of Cyclopropenyl Ketones-, Ma, S.; Zhang, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 12386.
[4] Gold Catalysis: Mild Conditions for the Transformation of Alkynyl Epoxides to Furans; A. S. K. Hashmi, P. Sinha, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 432-438.
[5] a) Synthesis of 2,5-Diaryl-3-halofurans via Regioselective Ring Cleavage of Aryl 3-Aryl-2,2-dihalocyclopropyl Ketones; Y. Tanabe, K. Wakimura, Y. Nishii, Y. Muroya, Synthesis 1996, 388-392. b) Metalated Heterocycles and Their Applications in Synthetic Organic Chemistry；R．Chinchilla，C．Najera，M．Yus，Chem．Rev．2004，104，2667-2722．
[6]a)Total Synthesis of Ailanthoidol and Precursor XH14 by Stille Coupling；S．-Y．Lin，C．-L．Chen，Y．-J．Lee，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，2968-2971．b)The Preparation of 2，3，5-Tri- and 2，3-Disubstituted Furans by Regioselective Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions：Application to the Syntheses of Rosefuran and the F_5 Furan Fatty Acid；T．Bach，L．Kr(u|¨)ger，Eur．J．Org．Chem．1999，9，2045-2057．c)Synthesis of polysubstituted 3-thiofurans by regiospecific mono-ipso-substitution and ortho-metallation from 3，4-dibromofuran；C．Alvarez-Ibarra，M．L．Quiroga，E．Toledano，Tetrahedron 1996，52，4065-4078．
[7]a)Scope and Mechanism of Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Five-Membered Heterocyclic Halides；M．W．Hooper，M．Utsunomiya，J．F．Hartwig，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，2861-2873．(b)Several Convenient Methods for the Synthesis of 2-Amido Substituted Furans；A．Padwa，K．R．Crawford，P．Rashatasakhon，M．Rose，J．Org．Chem 2003，68，2609-2617．c)Copper-catalyzed amidations of bromo substituted furans and thiophenes；K．R．Crawford，A．Padwa，Tetrahedron Lett．2002，43，7365-7368．
[8]Synthesis and photooxygenation of 2-thiofuran derivatives：a mild and direct access to O，S-dimethyl and O-methyl-S-phenyl thiomaleates； Y．Arroyo，J．F．Rodriguez，M．A．Sanz-Tejedor，M．Santos，Tetrahedron Lett．2002，43，9129-9132；
[9]A brief synthesis of β-iodofurans；S．P．Bew，D．W．Knight，Chem．Commun．1996，1007-1008．
[10]Iodine promoted cyclofunctionalization reaction of 2，4 dialkenyl-1．3-dicarbonyl compound；H．A．Stefani，N．Petragnani，C．J．Valduga，C．A．Brandt，Tetrahedron Lett．1997，38，4977-4980．
[11]5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of α-Alkynyl Carbonyl Compounds： Synthesis of Novel Bicyclic 5-Iodo- and 5-Bromofuranopyrimidine Nucleosides；M．S．Rao，N．Esho，C．Sergeant，R．Dembinski，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，6788-6790．
[12] 5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of 1，4-Disubstituted But-3-yn-1-ones： Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 2，5-Disubstituted 3-Bromo- and 3-Iodofurans；A．Sniady，K．A．Wheeler，R．Dembinski，Org．Lett．2005，7，1769-1772．
[13]Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-(1-Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones Using the I_2/K_3PO_4 System：An Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Iodofurans；Y．H．Liu，S．B．Zhou， Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 4609-4611.
[14] a) K. E. Harding, T. H. Tinger, In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis; (Eds: B. M. Trost, I. Fleming,), Pergamon: Oxford, 1991; Vol. 4, 463. b) J. Mulzer, In Organic Syntheis Highlights; VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1991; 157. (c) Electrophilic cyclization of unsaturated amides; G. Rousseau, S. Robin, Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 13681-13736.
[15] a) Synthesis of Substituted Isoquinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of Iminoalkynes; Q. Huang, J. A. Hunter, R. C. Larock, J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 3437-3444. b) Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of N-(2-Alkynyl)anilines; X. Zhang, A. C. Marino, T. Yao, R. C. Larock, Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 763-766. c) Cyclization of Carbonyl Groups onto Alkynes upon Reaction with IPy_2BF4 and Their Trapping with Nucleophiles: A Versatile Trigger for Assembling Oxygen Heterocycles; J. Barluenga, H.Vazquez-Villa, A. Ballesteros, J. M. Gonzalez, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9028-9029. d) Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones; D. Yue, C. N. Delia, R. C. Larock, Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 1581-1584. e) Electrophilic Cyclization of o-Acetoxy- and o-Benzyloxyalkynylpyridines: An Easy Entry into 2,3-Disubstituted Furopyridines; A. Arcadi, S. Cacchi, S. D. Giuseppe, G Fabrizi, F. Marinelli, Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 2409-2412. (f) Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N, iV-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines; D. Yue, R. C. Larock, Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 1037-1040. g) IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes: Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores J. Barluenga, M. Trincado, E. Rubio, J. M. Gonzalez, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 2406-2409. h) Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Isoindolin-1-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization; T. Yao, R. C. Larock, J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 1432-1437. i) D. W. Knight, A. L. Redfern, J. J. Gilmore, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.l 2002, 622-628. j) Mercuric Triflate-(TMU)_3-Catalyzed Cyclization of ω-Arylalkyne Leading to Dihydronaphthalenes; M. Nishizawa, H. Takao, V. K. Yadav, H. Imagawa, T. Sugihara, Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 4563-4565.
[16] a) A facile synthesis of highly functionalized dihydrofurans based on 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) catalyzed reaction of halides with enones; Z. J.Yang, M. J. Fan, R.Z. Mu, W. M. Liu, Y. M. Liang, Tetrahedron, 2005, 61(38), 9140-9146. b) DABCO-Catalyzed Reaction of α-Halo Carbonyl Compounds with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate: A Novel Method for the Preparation of Polysubstituted Furans and Highly Functionalized 2H-Pyrans；M．J．Fan，Z．Y．Yan，W．M Liu，and Y．M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2005，70(20)，8204-8207．
[17]Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted Furans by a Three-Component Annulation Reaction；X．H．Duan，X．Y．Liu，L．N．Guo，M．C．Liao，W M．Liu，Y．M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2005，70(17)，6980-6983．
[18]a)A novel synthesis of furans by base-catalyzed isomerization of alkynyloxiranes；J．A．Marshall，W．DuBay，J．J．Org．Chem．1991，56，1685-1687．b)Base-catalyzed isomerization of alkynyloxiranes．A general synthesis of furans；J．A．Marshall，W．J．DuBay，J．Am．Chem．Soc．1992，114，1450-1456．c)Gold Catalysis：Mild Conditions for the Transformation ofAlkynyl Epoxides to Furans；A．S．K．Hashmi，P．Sinha，Adv．Synth．Catal．2004，346，432-438．
[19]a)Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organoboron Compounds；N．Miyaura，A．Suzuki，Chem．Rev．1995，95，2457-2483．
[20]a)A Facile Zr-Mediated Approach to (Z)-Enynols and Its Application to Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Fully Substituted Dihydrofurans；Y．H．Liu，F．J．Song，L．Q．Cong，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，6999-7002．b)5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of α-Alkynyl Carbonyl Compounds： Synthesis of Novel Bicyclic 5-Iodo- and 5-Bromofuranopyrimidine Nucleosides；M．S．Rao，N．Esho，C．Sergeant，R．Dembinski，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，6788-6790．
[21]a)Me_2Zn-Mediated Addition of Acetylenes to Aldehydes and Ketones；P．G. Cozzi，J Rudolph，C．Bolm，P．O．Norrby，C．Tomasini，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，5733- 5736．b)Organocatalytic Alkynylation of Aldehydes and Ketones under Phase-Transfer Catalytic Conditions； T．Weil，P．R．Schreiner，Eur．J．Org．Chem．2005，2213-2217．
[22] A Short Synthetic Route to (+)-Austamide，(+)-Deoxyisoaustamide， and (+)-Hydratoaustamide from a Common Precursor by a Novel Palladium-Mediated Indole→Dihydroindoloazocine Cyclization； P．S．Baran，E．J．Corey，J．Am．Chem．Soc．2002，124，7904-7905．
[23]Gold Catalysis：Mild Conditions for the Transformation of Alkynyl Epoxides to Furans； A．S．K．Hashmi，P．Sinha，Adv．Synth．Catal．2004，346，432-438．
[1](a)Total synthesis of daurichromenic acid；Ying，K．PCT Int．Appl．WO 2004058738，2004．(b)Structures and Histamine Release Inhibitory Effects of Prenylated Orcinol Derivatives from Rhododendron dauricum; Kitanaka, S. J. Nat. Prod. 2004, 67, 1106. (c) A Modular and Concise Total Synthesis of (±)-Daurichromenic Acid and Analogues;Wilson, P. D. J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 3782.
[2] Derivatives of 3,4-Diphenylchromanes as Estrogens and Implantation Inhibitors; De Stevens, G. J. Med. Chem. 1966, 9, 516.
[3] Synthesis of 2H-1-Benzopyrans by Pd-Catalyzed Cyclization of o-Allylic Phenols; Larock, R. C.; Wei, L.; Hightower, T. R. Synlett 1998, 522.
[4] Pt (Ⅳ)-catalyzed cyclization of arene-alkyne substrates via C-H bond functionalization; Sames, D. Tetrahedron 2003,59, 8859.
[5] A Rh(Ⅰ)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Homo- and Bis-homopropargylic Alcohols; B. M. Trost, and Y. H. Rhee; J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2003, 125 (25), 7482-7483·
[6] DABCO-Catalyzed Reaction of r-Halo Carbonyl Compounds with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate: A Novel Method for the Preparation of Polysubstituted Furans and Highly Functionalized 2H-Pyrans; Y. M. Liang, J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 8204-8207
[7] Efficient Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 5-Alkyl(aryl)idene- and 5-[Iodoalkyl(aryl)idene]-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones via Electrophilic Cyclization; M. Abarbri. Synthesis, 2009, 257-270.
[8] (a) Strategy and Methodology Development for the Total Synthesis of Polyether Ionophore Antibiotics; Faul, M. M.; Huff, B. E. Chem. Rev. 2000,100, 2407-2473.
[9] (a) Synthesis of C-Aryl Glycosides; Knapp, S. Synthesis 1994, 1-20. (b) Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Trisubstituted Tetrahydropyrans; Cloninger, M. J.; Overman, L. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999,121, 1092-1093. (c) Stereoselective Synthesis of Functonalized Dihydropyrans via a Formal [4+2]-Annulation of Chiral Crotylsilanes; Huang, H.; Panek, J. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000,122, 9836-9837. (d) A Synthesis of Densely Functionalized 2,3-Dihydropyrans Using Ring-Closing Metathesis and Base-Induced Rearrangements of Dihydropyran Oxides; Schmidt, B.; Wildemann, H. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 3145-3163. (e) Stereoselective Organozinc Addition Reactions to 1,2-Dihydropyrans for the Assembly of Complex Pyran Structures; Steinhuebel, D. P., Fleming, J. J. and Bois J. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 293-295.
[10] (a) A New Synthesis of 7H-Pyrrolo[l,2-α]azepin-7-ones; Barreau, M.; Ponsinet, G. Synthesis 1987, 262-265. (b) Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of N-(2-Alkynyl)anilines; Zhang, X., Campo, M. A. Yao, T. and Larock R. C. Org．Lett．2005，7，763-766．(c)Mercuric Triflate-(TMU)3-Catalyzed Cyclization of ω-rylalkyne Leading to Dihydronaphthalenes；Nishizawa，M．；Takao，H．；Yadav，V．K．；Imagawa，H．；Sugihara，T．Org．Lett．2003，5，4563-4565．
[11]a) Stereoselective synthesis and conformational analysis of cis-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-azabicyclo[3．3．0]octan-6-ones；Larock， R． C．； Yue，D．Tetrahedron Lett．2001， 42， 6011-6013． (b)Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes；Yue，D．；Larock，R．C．J．Org．Chem．2002，67，1905-1909．(c)A Novel Palladium-Mediated Coupling Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes and Its Application to the Synthesis of Tubulin Binding Agents；Flynn，B．L．；Verdier-Pinard，P．；Hamel，E．Org．Lett．2001，3，651-654．
[12]A New Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]furans from o-Alkynylphenols via 5-endo-dig-Iodocyclisation/Palladium-Catalysed Reactions；Arcadi，A．；Cacchi，S．；Fabrizi，G；Marinelli，F．；Moro，L．Synlett 1999，1432-1434．
[13] Studies on Nonconventionally Fused Bicyclicβ-Lactams；Ren，X．-F．；Konaklieva，M．I．；Shi，H．；Dickey，S．；Lim，D．V．；Gonzalez，J．；Turos，E．J．Org．Chem．1998，63，8898-8917．
[14] Synthesis of Nonracemicβ-Hydroxy Ketones and Carbonate Derivatives from Homopropargylic Alcohols through Iodolactonization；Marshall，J．A．；Yanik，M．M．J．Org．Chem．1999，64，3798-3799．
[15] (a)A brief synthesis of β-iodofurans；Bew，S．P．；Knight，D．W．J．Chem．Soc．，Chem．Commun．1996，1007-1008．(b)Furo[3，4-bjfuran formations from alkynols of xylose；Djuardi，E．；McNelis，E．Tetrahedron Lett．1999，40，7193-7196．
[16]Electrophilic Cyclization of o-Acetoxy- and o-Benzyloxyalkynylpyridines：An Easy Entry into 2，3-Disubstituted Furopyridines；Arcadi，A．；Cacchi，S．；Di Giuseppe，S．；Fabrizi，G；Marinelli，F．Org．Lett．2002，4，2409-2412．
[17](a)IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes：Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores；Barluenga，J．；Trincado，M．；Rublio，E．；Gonzalez，J．M．Angew．Chem．，Int．Ed．2003，42，2406-2409．(b)A simple，two-step synthesis of 3-iodoindoles； Muhammad，A．；Knight，D．W．Tetrahedron Lett．2004，45，539-542． (c) Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N，N-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines；Yue，D．；Larock，R．C．Org．Lett．2004，6，1037-1040．
[18] (a) Cyclization of Carbonyl Groups onto Alkynes upon Reaction with and Their Trapping with Nucleophiles: A Versatile Trigger for Assembling Oxygen Heterocycles; Barluenga, J.; Vazque-Villa, H.; Ballesteros, A.; Gonzalez, J. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9028-9029. (b) Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones;Yue, D.; Delia Ca, N.; Larock, R. C. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 1581-1584.
[19] (a) Synthesis of isocoumarins and a-pyrones via iodocyclization; Yao, T.; Larock, R. C. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 7401-7404. (b) Synthesis of Isocoumarins and α-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization; Yao, T.; Larock, R. C. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 5936-5942.
[20] Synthesis of Isoxazoles via Electrophilic Cyclization; Waldo, J. P.; Larock, R. C.Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 5203-5205.
[21] Gold Catalysis: Mild Conditions for the Synthesis of Oxazoles from N-Propargylcarboxamides and Mechanistic Aspects; Hashmi, A. S. K., Weyrauch, J. P., Frey, W. and Bats, J. W. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 4391-4394.
[22] Regioselective Synthesis of Substituted Naphthalenes: A Novel de Novo Approach Based on a Metal-Free Protocol for Stepwise Cycloaddition of o-Alkynylbenzaldehyde Derivatives with Either Alkynes or Alkenes; Barluenga, J.; Vazquez-Villa, H.; Ballesteros, A.; Gonzalez, J. M. Org. Lett. 2003, 5,4121-4123.
[23] (a) Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Iodides via ICl-Induced Intramolecular Cyclization; Yao, T.; Campo, M. A.; Larock, R. C. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 2677. (b) Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatics and Heteroaromatics via Electrophilic Cyclization; Yao, T.; Campo, M. A.; Larock, R. C. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 3511-3517.
[24] (a) IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes: Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores; Barluenga, J.; Trincado, M.; Rubio, E.; Gonzalez, J. M. Angew. Chem., Lnt. Ed 2003, 42, 2406-2409.
[25] Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of 3-Iodochromones and Heteroatom Analogues via ICl-Induced Cyclization; Zhou, C, Dubrovsky, A. V. and Larock, R. C. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 1626-1632.
[26] The atomic coordinates for la have been deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (deposition number CCDC 710206). The coordinates can be obtained on request from the Director Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK; e-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk; fax: +44(1223) 336033．
[27]Synthesis of ethyl quininate；Campbell，K．N．，Tipson，R．S．，Elderfield R．C．，Campbell，B．K．，Clapp，M．A．，Gensler，W．J．，Morrison，D．，Moran，W．J．J. Org．Chem．，1946，11，803-811．
[28](a)Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridin-2(1H)-ones via the Vilsmeier-Haack Reaction of 1-Acetyl，1-Carbamoyl Cyclopropanes；Pan，W．，Dong，D．W．，Wang，K．W．，Zhang，J．，Rigenhada，W．，Xiang，D．X．，Liu，Q．Org．Lett．2007，9，2421-2423．(b)Domino Ring-Opening/Recyclization Reactions of Doubly Activated Cyclopropanes as a Strategy for the Synthesis of Furoquinoline Derivatives；Zhang，Z．G．，Zhang，Q．，Sun，S．G.，Xiong，T．，Liu，Q．Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2007，46，1726-1728．
[1]For representative examples，reductive cyclization：(a)Rhodium-Catalyzed Reductive Cyclization of 1，6-Diynes and 1，6-Enynes Mediated by Hydrogen：Catalytic C-C Bind Formation via Capture of Hydrogenation Intermediates；(a)H．-Y，Jang and M．J．Krische，J Am．Chem．Soc，2004，126，7875．(b)Cyclizations of Enynes Catalyzed by PtCl or Other Transition Metal Chlorides；Divergent Reaction Pathways；A．M．Echavarren，J．Am． Chem． Soc． 2001， 123 (43) 10511-10520． (c) Ruthenium-Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of 1，6- and 1，7-Enynes；B．M．Toste，J Am．Chem．Soc．2000，123 (4)714-715．(d)Highly Enantioselective Quinoline Synthesis via Ene-type Cyclization of 1．7-Enynes Catalyzed by a Cationic BINAP- Palladium(Ⅱ)Complex；Manabu Hatano and Koichi Mikami, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125 (16) 4704-4705. (e) A Titanocene-Catalyzed Intramolecular Ene Reaction; Cycloisomerization of Enynes and Dienynes; S. L. Buchwald. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121 1976-1977.(f) Reaction of Allylsilanes with Alkynes Catalyzed by Electrophilic Late Transition Metal Chlorides; A. M. Echavarren, J. Org. Chem, 2002 67 (15), 5197-5201.(g) Intramolecular Pauson-Khand Reactions of Unsaturated Esters and Related Electron-Deficient Olefins; J. C. Carretero, J. Org. Chem, 2003 68 (7), 2975-2978.(h) Cationic Gold(Ⅰ) Complexes: Highly Alkynophilic Catalysts for the exo- and endo-Cyclization of Enynes; A. M. Echavarren, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 2402-2406.(i) Siloxyalkyne-Alkene Metathesis: Rapid Access to Highly Functionalized Enones; S. A. Kozmin, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 4274-4277.(j) Aqueous Catalytic Pauson-Khand-Type Reactions of Enynes with Formaldehyde: Transfer Carbonylation Involving an Aqueous Decarbonylation and a Micellar Carbonylation; K. Kakiuchi, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2003, 42,2409-2411.
[2] Novel [2 + 2 + 2+1] Cycloaddition of Enediynes Catalyzed by Rhodium Complexes; Ⅰ. Ojima, Org. Lett., 2004, 6, 3589-3591.
[3] (a)Rhodium(Ⅰ)-Catalyzed [2+2+1] Cycloadditions of 1,3-Dienes, Alkenes, and CO; N.M. Deschamps, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2004,126 (19), 5948-5949. (b) Three-Component Cycloadditions: The First Transition Metal-Catalyzed [5+2+1] Cycloaddition Reactions; L. Zhang, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2002, 124 (12), 2876-2877. (c) Intermolecular Transition Metal-Catalyzed [4 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions: A New Approach to the Construction of Eight-Membered Rings; A. N. Fazal, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2002, 124 (30), 8782-8783. (d) Rhodium Catalyzed [4 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition and Alkyne Insertion: A New Route to Eight-Membered Rings; B. DeBoef, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2002, 124 (30), 8784-8785.
[4] (a) Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Cycloreductions of 1,6- and 1,7-Enynes Activated with a Carbonyl Functionality; C.H. Oh, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 752-755.(b) A short synthesis of (±)-laurene: mechanistic reinvestigation in palladium-catalyzed cycloreductions of 1,6-enynes; C.H.Oh, Tetrahedron Lett 2000 41 8365-8369.(c) Palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization-coupling reactions of 2-bromo-1,6-enynes with organoboronic acids; C. H. Oh, Tetrahedron Lett 2003 44 267-270.(d) Reductive Elimination of Alkylpalladium Formate Intermediates Formed in Enyne Cyclizations；C．H．Oh，Tetrahedron Lett 1999 40 1535-1538．
[5] Rhodium-catalyzed tandem cyclization-cycloaddition reactions of enynebenzaldehydes：construction of polycyclic ring systems；C．H．Oh，Chem．Commun．，2005，4429-431．
[6](a)AuBr3-Catalyzed[4+2]Benzannulation between an Enynal Unit and Enol；Y．Yamamoto，J. Am．Chem．Soc．，2004，126 (24)，7458-7459．(b)Highly Selective Gold-Catalyzed Arene Synthesis；J．W．Bats，J．Am．Chem．Soc．，2000，122 (46)，11553-11554，(c)Transition-metal-promoted 6-endo-dig cyclization of aromatic enynes：rapid synthesis of functionalized naphthalenes，J．W．Dankwardt，Tetrahedron Lett 2001 42 5809-5812．(d)AuBr3-and Cu(OTf)2-Catalyzed Intramolecular[4+2]Cycloaddition of Tethered Alkynyl and Alkenyl Enynones and Enynals：A New Synthetic Method for Functionalized Polycyclic Hydrocarbons；Y．Yamamoto．J．Org．Chem．，2005，70 (9)，3682-3685．
[7] Synthesis of Azaphilones and Related Molecules by Employing Cycloisomerization of o-Alkynylbenzaldehydes；J．L．Zhu，A．R．Germain，J．A．Porco，Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2004，43，1239 -1239．
[8]A Gold-Catalyzed Domino Process to the Steroid Framework；D．Hildebrandt，and G. Dyker，J．Org．Chem．，2006，71 (18)，6728-6733．
[9](a)Transition Metal Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations；Trost，Synlett 1998 1-16，(b)Total Synthesis of (±)-Ceratopicanol： Application of Pd-Catalyzed Enediyne Cycloreduction；C．H．Oh，Synlett 2005 2694-2696，(c)Cycloreductions via Alkylpalladium Intermediates：An Important Mechanistic Clue for Palladium-Catalyzed Enediyne Cyclizations；C．H．Oh，Terrahedron Lett，1996，37，8875-8878，(d)Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Cycloreductions of 1，6- and 1，7-Enynes Activated with a Carbonyl Functionality；C．H．Oh，H．H．Jung，J．S．Kim，and S．W．Cho，Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2000，39，752-755，(e)Tsuji，J．Palladium Reagents and Catalysis：InnoVations in Organic Synthesis；John Wiley：Chichester，1995．(f)Soderberg，B．C．In ComprehensiVe Organometallic Chemistry Ⅱ；Abel，E．W．，Stone，F．G. A．，Wilkinson，G.，Eds．；Pergamon：Oxford，1995；Vol．12．(g)Heck，R．F．Palladium reagents in Organic Synthesis；Academic Press：New York，1985．(h)Suzuki，A．Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions；Diederich，F．，Stang，P．J．，Eds．；VCH：Weinheim，1988．
[10]Intramolecular Huisgen-Type Cyclization of Platinum-Bound Pyrylium Ions with Alkenes and Subsequent Insertion into a Benzylic C-H Bond；C．H．Oh，J．H．Lee，S．J．Lee，J．I．Kim，and C．S．Hong，Angew．Chem．Int．Ed．2008，47，7505-7507．
[11]Divergent Insertion Reactions of Pt-Carbenes Generated from[3+2]Cyclization of Platinum-Bound Pyrylliums；C．H．Oh，J．H．Lee，S．M．Lee， H．J．Yi，and C．S．Hong，Chem．Eur．J．2009，15，71-74．
[12]a)Synthesis of benzo[b]thiophenes by electrophilic cyclization；R．C．Larock，Tetrahedron Lett． 2001， 42， 6011-6013； b) Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes；R．C．Larock，J. Org．Chem．2002，67，1905-1909；c)A Novel Palladium-Mediated Coupling Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes and Its Application to the Synthesis of Tubulin Binding Agents；B．L．Flynn，Org．Lett．2001，3，651-654．
[13]A New Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]furans from o-Alkynylphenols via 5-endo-dig-Iodocyclisation/Palladium-Catalysed Reactions； L．Moro， Synlett 1999，1432-1434．
[14]a)A Novel Palladium-Mediated Coupling Approach to 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes and Its Application to the Synthesis of Tubulin Binding Agents；B．L．Flynn，Org Lett．2001，3，651-654；b)Synthesis of 2，3-Disubstituted Benzo[b]thiophenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling and Electrophilic Cyclization of Terminal Acetylenes；R．C．Larock，J. Org．Chem．2002，67，1905-1909；c)Iodine-Induced Reaction Cascades for the Rapid Construction of Variously Substituted Benzothiophenes；B．L．Flynn，Org．Lett．2003，5，4377-4380．
[15]a)5-endo-dig Cyclisations of homopropargylic sulfonamides：a new route to 2，3-dihydropyrroles and β-iodopyrroles；D．W．Knight，J．Chem．Soc．，Chem．Commun．1998，2207-2208；b)The synthesis of 5-substituted proline derivatives and of 5-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxylates by 5-endo cyclisations featuring a method for effectively favouring these with respect to 5-exo cyclisations；D．W．Knight， J．Chem．Soc．，Perkin Trans．1 2001，2874-2883；c)An approach to 2，3-dihydropyrroles and β-iodopyrroles based on 5-endo-dig cyclisations；D．W．Knight，A．L Redfern，J．Gilmore，J．Chem．Soc．，Perkin Trans．12002，622-628．
[16]a)A brief synthesis of β-iodofurans；D．W．Knight，J．Chem．Soc．，Chem．Commun．1996，1007-1008；b)Furo[3，4-b]furan formations from alkynols of xylose；E．McNelis， Tetrahedron Lett．1999，40，7193-7196；c)5-Endo-Dig Electrophilic Cyclization of 1，4-Disubstituted But-3-yn-1-ones：Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 2，5-Disubstituted 3-Bromo-and 3-Iodofurans；R．Dembinski，Org．Lett．2005，7，1769-1772；d)Synthesis of Highly Substituted Furans by the Electrophile-Induced Coupling of 2-(1-Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones and Nucleophiles；R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，7679-7685；e)Electrophilic Cyclization of 2-(1-Alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones Using the I2/K3PO4 System：An Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted Iodofurans；S．Zhou，Org．Lett．2005，7，4609-4611；f)Efficient Synthesis of Substituted 3-lodofurans via Electrophilic Cyclization of Propargylic Oxirane Derivatives；Y．-M．Liang，Eur．J. Org．Chem．2008，1013-1018．
[17]a)IPy2BF4-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Masked and Unmasked Anilines to Alkynes：Direct Assembly of 3-Iodoindole Cores；J．M．Gonzalez，Angew．Chem．，Int．Ed．2003，42，2406-2409；b)A simple，two-step synthesis of 3-iodoindoles；D．W．Knight，Tetrahedron Lett．2004，45，539-542；c)Synthesis of 3-Iodoindoles by Electrophilic Cyclization of N，N-Dialkyl-2-(1-alkynyl)anilines；R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2004，6，1037-1040．
[18]a)Cyclization of Carbonyl Groups onto Alkynes upon Reaction with IPy2BF4 and Their Trapping with Nucleophiles： A Versatile Trigger for Assembling Oxygen Heterocycles；J．M．Gonzalez，J. Am．Chem．Soc．2003，125，9028-9029；b)Efficient Syntheses of Heterocycles and Carbocycles by Electrophilic Cyclization of Acetylenic Aldehydes and Ketones；R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2004，6，1581-1584．
[19]a)Synthesis of isocoumarins and α-pyrones via iodocyclization； T．Yao，R．C．Larock，Tetrahedron Lett．2002，43，7401-7404；b)Synthesis of Isocoumarins and α-Pyrones via Electrophilic Cyclization；R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．2003，68，5936-5942；c) The identity of 4-bromo-3-phenylisocoumarin． A facile preparation by bromolactonization of alkyl 2-(2-phenylethynyl)benzoates；R．D．Gandour，J．Org．Chem．1984，49，558-559；d)New procedures for the selective synthesis of 2(2H)-pyranone derivatives and 3-aryl-4-iodoisocoumarins；R．Rossi，Tetrahedron 2002，58，5023-5038；e)Synthesis of 3-arylisocoumarins，including thunberginols A and B，unsymmetrical 3，4-disubstituted isocoumarins，and 3 -ylidenephthal ides via iodolactonization of methyl 2-ynylbenzoates or the corresponding carboxylic acids；R．Rossi，A．Carpita，F．Bellina，P．Stabile，L．Mannina，Tetrahedron 2003，59，2067-2081．
[20]a)Synthesis of Isoquinolines and Naphthyridines by Electrophilic Ring Closure of Iminoalkynes；R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2001，3，2973-2976；b)Synthesis of Substituted Isoquinolines by Electrophilic Cyclization of Iminoalkynes；R．C．Larock，J．Org．Chem．2002，67，3437-3444；c)Iodine-Induced Stereoselective Carbocyclizations：A New Method for the Synthesis of Cyclohexane and Cyclohexene Derivatives；G．Asensio，Angew．Chem．，Int．Ed．Engl．1988，27，1546-1547．
[21]Synthesis of Isoxazoles via Electrophilic CyclizationJ．R．C．Larock，Org．Lett．2005，7，5203-5205．
[22] Gold Catalysis： Mild Conditions for the Synthesis of Oxazoles from N-Propargylcarboxamides and Mechanistic AspectsA．S．K．Hashmi，Org．Lett．2004，6，4391-4394．
[23] a) Rhodium-catalyzed tandem cyclization-cycloaddition reactions of enynebenzaldehydes：construction of polycyclic ring systems；C．H．Oh，Chem．Commun．2005，4429-4431；b)A platinum-catalyzed annulation reaction leading to medium-sized Rings； G．． Dyker， Chem． Commun． 2006， 2260-2261． c) Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of o-Alkynylbenzaldehydes with a Pendant Unsaturated Bond：[3+2]Cycloaddition of Gold-Bound 1，3-Dipolar Species with Dipolarophiles；C．H．Oh，Org．Lett．2005，7，5289-5291．
[24]a)Au-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/[1，2]-Alkyl Migration Reaction of Epoxy Alkynes：Synthesis of Spiropyranones；X．-Z．Shu，Y．-M．Liang，Chem．Eur．J．2008，14，5282-5289；b)Synthesis of Difurylmethane Derivatives via the Gold-Catalyzed Tandem Cycloisomerization/Dimerization of Epoxide Alkynes； K．-G．Ji，Y．-M．Liang，Adv．Synth．Catal．2008，350，1275-1280；c)Copper-Catalyzed[4+1]Cycloadditions of α，β-Acetylenic Ketones with Diazoacetates to Form Trisubstituted Furans；L．-B．Zhao，Y．-M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2007，72，10276-10278；d)Gold-Catalyzed Tandem Cycloisomerization of Alkynyloxiranes with Nucleophiles：An Efficient Approach to 2，5-Disubstituted Furans；X．-Z．Shu，Y．-M．Liang，Adv．Synth．Catal．2007，349，2493-2498；e)Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted Furans by a Three-Component Annulation Reaction；X．Duan，Y．M Liang，J．Org．Chem．2005，70，6980-6983；f)Synthesis of Isoquinoline Derivatives via Ag- Catalyzed Cyclization of 2-Alkynyl Benzyl AzidesY．-N．Niu，Y．-M．Liang，J．Org．Chem．2009，7，2893-2896．